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Research Papers
Nomogram for predicting changes in cognitive function in community dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment based on Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing Panel Data: a retrospective study
Hyuk Joon Kim, Hye Young Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2025;55(1):50-63.   Published online February 7, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24059
AbstractAbstract PDFePub
Purpose
This study aimed to identify factors associated with normal cognitive reversion and progression to dementia in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) residing in the community and to develop a nomogram.
Methods
This longitudinal study used secondary data from the Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing Panel Data (2006–2018). The study included 1,262 participants aged 60 or older, with initial Mini-Mental State Examination scores ranging from 18 to 23. Data were analyzed using the Rao-Scott chi-square test, panel binary logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in Stata ver. 17.0 (Stata Corp.).
Results
The rate of reversion from MCI to normal cognition was 37.0% after 2 years and 32.9% after 12 years. The rate of progression to dementia was 18.0% after 2 years and 30.2% after 12 years. In the nomogram for reversion to normal cognition, the most significant influences were grip strength, depression, number of meetings, age, and regular exercise, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of .66. In contrast, in the nomogram for progression to dementia, the most significant influences were age, grip strength, instrumental activities of daily living, number of social meetings attended, depression, and regular exercise, with an AUC of .69.
Conclusion
These nomograms can serve as an effective intervention tool for preventing dementia in the field of community health care since they can serve as a visual technique for presenting information on risk to individuals with MCI.
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An Investigation of the Cumulative Effects of Depressive Symptoms on the Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Kim, Eunmi , Oh, Jinkyung , Huh, Iksoo
J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(4):453-467.   Published online August 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23018
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study investigated the cumulative effects of depressive symptoms on cognitive function over time in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Data were investigated from 2,533 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from the 5th (2014) to the 8th wave (2020). The association between cumulative depressive symptoms and cognitive function was identified through multiple regression analysis. Results: When the multiple regression analysis was conducted from each wave, the current depressive symptoms scores and cognitive function scores were negatively associated, regardless of the waves (B5th = - 0.26, B6th = - 0.26, B7th = - 0.26, and B8th = - 0.27; all p < .001). Further, when all the previous depressive symptoms scores were added as explanatory variables in the 8th wave, the current one (B8th = - 0.09, p < .001) and the previous ones (B5th = - 0.11, B6th = - 0.09, and B7th = - 0.13; all p < .001) were also negatively associated with the cognitive function score. The delta R2 , which indicates the difference between the model’s R2 with and without the depressive symptoms scores, was greater in the model with all the previous and current depressive symptoms scores (6.4%) than in the model with only the current depressive symptoms score (3.6%). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms in older adults have a long-term impact. This results in an accumulated adverse effect on the cognitive function. Therefore, to prevent cognitive decline in older adults, we suggest detecting their depressive symptoms early and providing continuous intervention to reduce exposure to long-term depressive symptoms.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Systematic identification and quantification of factors and their interactions with age, sex, and panel wave influencing cognitive function in Korean older adults
    Eunmi Kim, Jinkyung Oh, Jungsoo Gim, Iksoo Huh
    Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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A Structural Equation Model for Posttraumatic Growth among Cured Patients with COVID-19
An, Soo Young , Choi, Heejung
J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(3):309-323.   Published online June 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22118
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to develop and test a model for posttraumatic growth among cured patients with COVID-19. This model was based on Calhoun and Tedeschi’s Posttraumatic Growth model and a literature review.
Methods
The participants comprised 223 patients cured from COVID-19 who were ≥ 19 years of age. The data were collected through an online questionnaire from March 21 to 24, 2022. The assessment tools included the Impact of Event Scale: Revised Korean version, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Distress Dis-closure Index, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Korean version of the Event-related Rumination Inventory, and the Korean version of the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 24.0 and IBM AMOS 26.0.
Results
The modified model showed appropriate goodness of fit (χ 2 = 369.90, χ 2 /degree of freedom = 2.09, SRMR = .09, RMESA = .07, CFI = .94, TLI = .93). The post-traumatic growth of cured patients with COVID-19 was explained through distress perception, self-disclosure, and deliberate rumination, with the explanatory power being 70.0%.
Conclusion
This study suggests preparing a disaster psychology program involving experts who can activate deliberate rumination is necessary. Further, this study may serve as basic data for developing a program to enhance the post-traumatic growth of patients cured from COVID-19.
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Effect of Virtual Reality Program for Alleviating Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Patients
Park, Seon-Min , Choi, Seung-Yi , Kim, Jung-Hee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(2):121-133.   Published online April 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22008
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study examined the impact of a virtual reality intervention program based on psychological needs on behavioral and psychological symptoms, apathy, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment living in nursing facilities.
Methods
This study is nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design of quasi-experimental study. The study collected data from November 18, 2020 to July 24, 2021 from patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment (30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group) at three nursing facilities in G city using self-reporting and caregiver-informant reporting methods. The analysis employed the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, paired t-test, independent t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann–Whitney U, repeated measures ANOVA, GEE, using SPSS/WIN 27.0.
Results
The severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms (Wald χ2 = 2.68, p = .102) and the care burden of caregivers (Wald χ2 = 1.72, p = .190) were not significant and was no significant time and group interaction effect (Wald χ2 = 0.63, p = .426, Wald χ2 = 0.52, p =. 471). The difference in apathy and QOL score were statistically significant for the group-time interaction (F = 43.65, p < .001; F = 4.35, p= .041).
Conclusion
The virtual reality intervention program of this study shows a positive effect on the apathy reduction and QOL of patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment residing in nursing facilities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The effectiveness of nursing interventions for elderly dementia patients based on virtual reality technology: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Jun Wen, Hong Yan, Siyu Wang, Jialan Xu, Zitong Zhou
    Ageing Research Reviews.2024; 93: 102135.     CrossRef
  • Development of the “living well” concept for older people with dementia
    Jiyoung Kim, Nayeon Shin
    BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 455 View
  • 28 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
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Effects of a Cognitive Behavior Therapy Program for Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Kong, Kyoung Ran , Lee, Eun Nam
J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(3):347-362.   Published online June 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21025
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study developed a cognitive behavioral therapy program aimed at altering the physical condition, emotions, and behaviors of fibromyalgia patients, and confirmed the program’s clinical applicability. The program was developed by analyzing previous studies conducting in-depth interviews with fibromyalgia patients, drawing on cognitive behavior theory to establish the program contents, recruiting experts to test its validity, and conducting a preliminary survey.
Methods
To confirm the program’s effect, this study used a randomized controlled trial design. The participants were outpatients diagnosed with fibromyalgia in Dong-A University Hospital, Busan. The 30 patients in the experimental group took part in the program, which comprised 8 sessions (90 to 120 minutes) based on cognitive behavior theory, delivered over 8 weeks. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the repeated measures ANOVA.
Results
The analysis revealed significant differences between the experimental and control groups in positive automatic thoughts, pain, fatigue, depression, and interpersonal relationships. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of sleep disorders and negative automatic thoughts.
Conclusion
This program is a positive effect on physical condition, emotions, and behaviors. It is thus expected to be used to help fibromyalgia patients improve their disease conditions.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of a Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Adolescents with Diabulimia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Hye-Ryeon Park, Hyeon Ok Ju
    Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(4): 320.     CrossRef
  • Proposal for a Cognitive Reconstruction Program for Female College Students Experiencing Body Dissatisfaction
    Hyun Ju Lee, Helen Ha, Yuan Mei Cui, Jee Hyun Lee, Min Ju Kang
    Human Ecology Research.2024; 62(2): 369.     CrossRef
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Influences of Autonomic Function, Salivary Cortisol and Physical Activity on Cognitive Functions in Institutionalized Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Based on Neurovisceral Integration Model
Suh, Minhee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(3):294-304.   Published online June 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20282
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate objectively measured physical activity (PA) in institutionalized older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to elucidate the influence of autonomic nervous function, salivary cortisol, and PA on cognitive functions based on neurovisceral integration model.
Methods
Overall cognitive function was evaluated using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and executive function was evaluated using semantic verbal fluency test and clock drawing test. Actigraph for PA, HRV and sAA for autonomous function, and the geriatric depression scale for depression were used. Saliva specimens were collected in the morning for sAA and cortisol.
Results
Ninety-eight older adults from four regional geriatric hospitals participated in the study. They took 4,499 steps per day on average. They spent 753.93 minutes and 23.12 minutes on average in sedentary and moderate-to-vigorous activity, respectively. In the multiple regression analysis, lower salivary cortisol level (β = - .33, p = .041) and greater step counts (β = .37, p = .029) significantly improved MMSE score. Greater step count (β = .27, p = .016) also exerted a significant influence on verbal fluency, and greater sAA (β = .35, p = .026) was significantly associated with a better clock drawing test result.
Conclusion
Salivary cortisol, sAA and physical activity were significantly associated with cognitive functions. To prevent older adults from developing dementia, strategies are needed to increase their overall PA amount by decreasing sedentary time and to decrease salivary cortisol for cognitive function, and to maintain their sympathetic nervous activity for executive function.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Rest-activity circadian rhythm in hospitalized older adults with mild cognitive impairment in Korea and its relationship with salivary alpha amylase: an exploratory study
    Minhee Suh, Jihye Choi
    Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2023; 25(4): 306.     CrossRef
  • Circadian Rhythm Changes in Healthy Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment
    Ahmadreza Keihani, Ahmad Mayeli, Fabio Ferrarelli
    Advanced Biology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Changes in stress pathways as a possible mechanism of aerobic exercise training on brain health: a scoping review of existing studies
    Cristina Molina-Hidalgo, Chelsea M. Stillman, Audrey M. Collins, Daniel Velazquez-Diaz, Hayley S. Ripperger, Jermon A. Drake, Peter J. Gianaros, Anna L. Marsland, Kirk I. Erickson
    Frontiers in Physiology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
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Original Articles
Prediction Models of Mild Cognitive Impairment Using the Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Park, Hyojin , Ha, Juyoung
J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(2):191-199.   Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.2.191
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare sociodemographic characteristics of a normal cognitive group and mild cognitive impairment group, and establish prediction models of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
Methods
This study was a secondary data analysis research using data from “the 4th Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing” of the Korea Employment Information Service. A total of 6,405 individuals, including 1,329 individuals with MCI and 5,076 individuals with normal cognitive abilities, were part of the study. Based on the panel survey items, the research used 28 variables. The methods of analysis included a c2-test, logistic regression analysis, decision tree analysis, predicted error rate, and an ROC curve calculated using SPSS 23.0 and SAS 13.2.
Results
In the MCI group, the mean age was 71.4 and 65.8% of the participants was women. There were statistically significant differences in gender, age, and education in both groups. Predictors of MCI determined by using a logistic regression analysis were gender, age, education, instrumental activity of daily living (IADL), perceived health status, participation group, cultural activities, and life satisfaction. Decision tree analysis of predictors of MCI identified education, age, life satisfaction, and IADL as predictors.
Conclusion
The accuracy of logistic regression model for MCI is slightly higher than that of decision tree model. The implementation of the prediction model for MCI established in this study may be utilized to identify middle-aged and elderly people with risks of MCI. Therefore, this study may contribute to the prevention and reduction of dementia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Nomogram for predicting changes in cognitive function in community dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment based on Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing Panel Data: a retrospective study
    Hyuk Joon Kim, Hye Young Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 50.     CrossRef
  • Cognitive Dysfunction Prediction Model with Lifelog Dataset based on Random Forest and SHAP
    Myeongjin Lee, Jongun Lee, Hanjun Lee
    The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology.2024; 22(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Sociodemographic Factors Predict Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Brief Review and Empirical Study
    Shuyi Jin, Chenxi Li, Jiani Miao, Jingyi Sun, Zhenqing Yang, Xingqi Cao, Kaili Sun, Xiaoting Liu, Lina Ma, Xin Xu, Zuyun Liu
    Journal of the American Medical Directors Association.2023; 24(12): 1959.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics and Factors Associated with Cognitive Decline of Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment
    Eul Hee Roh
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(3): 179.     CrossRef
  • Detection and Intervention of Subjective Cognitive Decline in Pre-Alzheimer’s Disease
    雅红 何
    International Journal of Psychiatry and Neurology.2022; 11(04): 65.     CrossRef
  • Influencing Factors of Subjective Cognitive Impairment in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
    Min Roh, Hyunju Dan, Oksoo Kim
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(21): 11488.     CrossRef
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The Structural Analysis of Variables Related to Posttraumatic Growth among Psychiatric Nurses
Hyun Ju Yeo, Hyun Suk Park
J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):26-38.   Published online January 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.26
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to explain a structural model of posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses based on existing models and a literature review and verify its effectiveness.

 Methods:

Data were collected from psychiatric nurses in one special city, four metropolitan cities, and three regional cities from February to March 2016. Exogenous variables included hardiness and distress perception, while endogenous variables included self-disclosure, social support, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth. Data from 489 psychiatric nurses were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 and AMOS 20.0.

 Results:

The modified model was a good fit for the data. Tests on significance of the pathways of the modified model showed that nine of the 14 paths were supported, and the explanatory power of posttraumatic growth by included variables in the model was 69.2%. For posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses, deliberate rumination had a direct effect as the variable that had the largest influence. Indirect effects were found in the order of hardiness, social support, and distress perception. Self-disclosure showed both direct and indirect effects.

 Conclusion

A strategy to improve deliberate rumination is necessary when seeking to improve posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses. Enhancing psychiatric nurses’ hardiness before trauma would enable them to actively express negative emotions after trauma, allowing them to receive more social support. This would improve deliberate rumination and consequently help promote psychological growth among psychiatric nurses who have experienced trauma.

Citations

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  • Factors Affecting Posttraumatic Growth of Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19 in Regional Medical Centers
    Jaehwa Bae, Eun Suk Choi
    Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2025; 36: 9.     CrossRef
  • Mediating mechanism of posttraumatic growth as buffers of burnout and PTSD among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Jae-Chang Sim, Sun-Kyung Cha, Sun-Young Im
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of alexithymia on distress disclosure among nurses: the mediating role of resilience
    Qianru Liu, Xuetai Jian, Fangyu Peng, Meng Wang, Jiaxin Li, Xinru Deng, Yinglu Wan, Li Geng
    Current Psychology.2024; 43(25): 21931.     CrossRef
  • Effects of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue on posttraumatic growth of psychiatric nurses: A cross‐sectional study
    Li Zeng, Guiling Liu, Fen Feng, Yinong Qiu, Shuping Wang, Meng Yu, Jialin Wang
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Structural Equation Model for Posttraumatic Growth among Cured Patients with COVID-19
    Soo Young An, Heejung Choi
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(3): 309.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between rumination and post-traumatic growth in mobile cabin hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological resilience
    Jing Liu, Sha Wei, Guohong Qiu, Ni Li, Delin Wang, Xiaohou Wu, Xiangzhi Gan, Hongmei Yi
    Preventive Medicine Reports.2023; 34: 102266.     CrossRef
  • Promotion factors of emergency nurses’ post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai: a qualitative study
    Jinxia Jiang, Peng Han, Yue Liu, Qian Wu, Haiyan Shao, Xia Duan, Yan Shi
    BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Post-traumatic growth experience of first-line emergency nurses infected with COVID-19 during the epidemic period—A qualitative study in Shanghai, China
    Jinxia Jiang, Peng Han, Xiangdong Huang, Yue Liu, Haiyan Shao, Li Zeng, Xia Duan
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Post-Traumatic Growth of Nurses in COVID-19 Designated Hospitals in Korea
    Suk-Jung Han, Ji-Young Chun, Hye-Jin Bae
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 20(1): 56.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Post-traumatic Growth of Nurses at Nationally Designated Infectious Disease Hospital
    Ji Eun Oh, Ju Young Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 499.     CrossRef
  • Factors influencing posttraumatic growth among nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients: A path analysis
    Ju Young Yim, Jung A Kim
    Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(6): 1940.     CrossRef
  • Post-traumatic Growth and it’s associations with Deliberate Rumination, Self-disclosure, and Social Support among Intensive Care Unit Nurses
    Sae Mi Min, Hee Jun Kim, Chun-Ja Kim, Jeong-Ah Ahn
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(2): 50.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of posttraumatic growth of intensive care unit nurses in Korea
    Ae Kyung Chang, Hyejin Yoon, Ji Hyun Jang
    Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Nursing Work Environment, Relationship with the Head Nurse, and Resilience with Post-Traumatic Growth in Emergency Department Nurses
    Sun-Young Jung, Jin-Hwa Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(6): 2857.     CrossRef
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A Structural Model for Chemotherapy Related Cognitive Impairment and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients
Jung Ran Lee, Pok Ja Oh
J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(4):375-385.   Published online January 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.375
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment of breast cancer patients based on a literature review and Hess and Insel's chemotherapy-related cognitive change model.

 Methods

The Participants consisted of 250 patients who were ≥19 years of age. The assessment tools included the Menopause Rating Scale, Symptom Experience Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Everyday Cognition, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs.

 Results

The modified model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were χ 2=423.18 (p<.001), χ 2/df=3.38, CFI=.91, NFI=.91, TLI=.89, SRMR=.05, RMSEA=.09, and AIC=515.18. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment was directly influenced by menopausal symptoms (β=.38, p=.002), depression and anxiety (β=.25, p=.002), and symptom experiences (β=.19, p=.012). These predictors explained 47.7% of the variance in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety mediated the relations among menopausal symptoms, symptom experiences, and with chemotherapy related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety (β=-.51, p=.001), symptom experiences (β=-.27, p=.001), menopausal symptoms (β=-.22, p=.008), and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (β=-.15, p=.024) had direct effects on the quality of life and these variables explained 91.3%.

 Conclusion

These results suggest that chemotherapy-related toxicity is highly associated with cognitive decline and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Depression and anxiety increased vulnerability to cognitive impairment after chemotherapy. Nursing intervention is needed to relieve chemotherapy-related toxicity and psychological factor as well as cognitive decline for quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Citations

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  • Factors Influencing Oncofertility in Gynecological Cancer Patients: Application of Mixed Methods Study
    Minji Kim, Juyoung Ha
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 418.     CrossRef
  • Relationships Between Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment, Self-Care Ability, and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Nan Wu, Ze Luan, Zijun Zhou, He Wang, Shiyuan Du, Yulu Chen, Xinxin Wang, Jiong Li, Xin Peng
    Seminars in Oncology Nursing.2024; 40(5): 151690.     CrossRef
  • Effects of different exercise interventions on chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer: a study protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
    Yu Dong, Hao Huang, Aiping Wang
    BMJ Open.2024; 14(4): e078934.     CrossRef
  • Factors Associated with Self-reported Memory Problems of Adult Cancer Survivors Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019
    Sangjin Ko
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Impact of nonpharmacological interventions on cognitive impairment in women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Jin-Hee Park, Su Jin Jung, Lena J. Lee, Junghyun Rhu, Sun Hyoung Bae
    Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing.2023; 10(4): 100212.     CrossRef
  • Impact of discriminant factors on the comfort-care of nurses caring for trans-arterial chemoembolisation patients
    Myoung Soo Kim, Ju-Yeon Uhm
    Supportive Care in Cancer.2022; 30(9): 7773.     CrossRef
  • Brain morphological alterations and their correlation to tumor differentiation and duration in patients with lung cancer after platinum chemotherapy
    Pin Lv, Guolin Ma, Wenqian Chen, Renyuan Liu, Xiaoyan Xin, Jiaming Lu, Shu Su, Ming Li, ShangWen Yang, Yiming Ma, Ping Rong, Ningyu Dong, Qian Chen, Xin Zhang, Xiaowei Han, Bing Zhang
    Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Rehabilitation on Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Clinical Study
    Teresa Paolucci, Aristide Saggino, Francesco Agostini, Marco Paoloni, Andrea Bernetti, Massimiliano Mangone, Valter Santilli, Raoul Saggini, Marco Tommasi
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(16): 8585.     CrossRef
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  • 8 Web of Science
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The Effects of Mobile Social Networking Service-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Insomnia in Nurses
Ji Eun Kim, Suk-Sun Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(4):476-487.   Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.4.476
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study aimed to examine the effects of cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) based on the mobile social networking service (SNS) on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depression, and quality of life among rotating-shift nurses in a hospital in Korea.

 Methods

A nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The participants included 55 nurses with rotating three-shift work (25 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group). For the experimental group, CBT-I using mobile SNS was provided once a week for 60 minutes over six weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2-test, independent samples t-test, and Mann-whitney U test with the SPSS 21.0 program.

 Results

In the homogeneity test of the general characteristics and study variables, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Nurses in the experimental group had significantly lower scores on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes regarding sleep and sleepiness than nurses in the control group. Nurses in the experimental group had significantly higher scores on sleep quality and quality of life than nurses in the control group.

 Conclusion

These findings indicate that using the mobile SNS-based CBT-I is feasible and has significant and positive treatment-related effects on rotating-shift nurses' irrational thoughts and beliefs in association with sleep, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life. These contribute to expanding our knowledge of rotating-shift nurses' sleep issues and their preferences for intervention.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors Associated with Quality of Life of Clinical Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Survey
    Seul-Ki Park, Kyoung-Sook Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(3): 1752.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of sleep interventions for rotating night shift workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Bo Min Jeon, Su Hyun Kim, Seung Hwa Shin
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effects of the type of delivery of cognitive‐behavioral therapy for healthcare workers: A systematic review
    In Gyu Yoo
    Journal of Clinical Psychology.2022; 78(2): 149.     CrossRef
  • Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Zainab Alimoradi, Elahe Jafari, Anders Broström, Maurice M. Ohayon, Chung-Ying Lin, Mark D. Griffiths, Kerstin Blom, Susanna Jernelöv, Viktor Kaldo, Amir H. Pakpour
    Sleep Medicine Reviews.2022; 64: 101646.     CrossRef
  • Rotating between day and night shifts: Factors influencing sleep patterns of hospital nurses
    Seunghwa Shin, SuHyun Kim
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2021; 30(21-22): 3182.     CrossRef
  • Sleep quality among shift-work nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Jiwon Kang, Wonjung Noh, Youngjin Lee
    Applied Nursing Research.2020; 52: 151227.     CrossRef
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The Three Dimensions of Eating Behavior: Development of scale for assessing cognitive restraint of eating disinhibition, and hunger
Moon Sil Kim, Sook Young Kim
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(2):377-388.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.2.377
AbstractAbstract PDF

This study was done to develop a eating behavior scale for high school girls using Stunkard and Messick(1985)'s three factors(dietary restraint, disinhibition, hunger) as a conceptual framework and to test the validity and reliability of the scale. The subjects were 202 high school girls. The convenience sample is consist of 96 normal weight and 106 obese girls. Data were collected between October 28 and November 25 in 1996 and analyzed using the SPSS package. The new 32-item scale measuring these factors is presented. 1. Three stable factors emerged and these contributed 45.7% of the variance in the total score. All 32 items loaded above .35 on each factor. 2. Factor 1 was named disinhibition(14 items), factor 2 was named cognitive restraint of eating(10 items), factor 3 was named hunger(8 items). Comparison of factor I, factor II, factor III between normal subjects and obese subjects showed that there was a significant difference in factor II and III, not in factor I. 3. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .9393 for total 32 items and .8820, .8652, .8490 for three dimensions of eating behavior in high school girls. Recommendations are suggested below : 1. Replication study with appropriate age groups be done to test validity and reliability. 2. The present developed scale must be a reliable measure of eating behavior and should have utility in further study on how effective nursing interventions related to different kind of groups such as disinhibition group and cognitive restraint of eating group. 3. To extend validity of the scale, further study is needs using more larger subjects which is consists of dieters and free eaters.

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  • Development and Evaluation of Eating Traits Scale for Adult in Republic of Korea
    Youngwon Kim, Eunok Park
    Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 339.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Uncontrolled Eating and Screen Time in the Link of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with Weight in Late Childhood
    Joung-Sook Ahn, Seongho Min, Min-Hyuk Kim
    Psychiatry Investigation.2017; 14(6): 808.     CrossRef
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The Effect of Dance Therapy on Pulmonary and Cognitive Function in the Elderly
Young Ran Lee, Sook Ja Yu
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(6):1273-1283.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.6.1273
AbstractAbstract PDF

This study was done to explore the effects of dance therapy on pulmonary and cognitive functions in the elderly. The design of this study was a non-equivalent pre-post test experiment. The subjects consisted of elderly persons living in a facility located in Kyoungi-Do. Fifty eight subjects had normal cognition, sensory function and resting blood pressure. They underwent tests of pulmonary and cognitive function as baseline data before dance therapy, and at 6th week and at the end of 12nd week after following dance therapy. Twenty seven elderly persons were assigned to the experimental group and participated with the dance therapy. This therapy was based on the Marian Chace's dance therapy and Korean traditional dance with music. The dance therapy consisted of 50 minutes session, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. One session consisted of warming-up, expression, catharsis, sharing and closing stage. the intensity of the dance therapy was at the 40% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni multiple regression using SAS program. The results were as follows: 1. Pulmonary function(forced expiratory volumn at one second and forced vital capacity) of the experimental subjects significantly increased over time more than that of the control subjects. 2. The experimental group had significantly higher score for pulmonary function than the control group at the 12nd week after dance therapy. 3. Cognitive function of the experimental subjects significantly increased over time more than that of the control subjects. 4. The experimental group had significantly higher score for cognitive function than the control group at the 6th week and 12nd week after dance therapy. The findings showed the dance therapy could be effective in improving the pulmonary and cognitive function of the elderly.

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  • The Effect of High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise on the Pulmonary Function among Inactive Male Individuals
    Arwa Rawashdeh, Nedal Alnawaiseh
    Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal.2018; 11(2): 735.     CrossRef
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    Joonsung Park, Dongwook Han
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The Effects of a Cognitive Behavior Program on Cognition, Depression, and Activities of Daily Living in Elderly with Cognitive Impairment
Su Kyong Chu, Jang Hak Yoo, Chung Yul Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(7):1049-1060.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.7.1049
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a cognitive behavior program on cognition, depression, and activities of daily living in elderly with Cognitive Impairment. METHOD: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. There were 21 subjects in the experimental group and 19 in the control group among 40 senior residents in a Hall for the elderly in the city of S. The subjects scores ranged from 15 to 23 on the MMSE-K(Korean Version of Mini-Mental State Examination) over age 65. The length of time for data collection and intervention was from Jun 26 to September 1, 2006. The cognitive behavior program consisted of 'Facing problem behavior', 'Searching for a coping skill', and 'Training in the coping skill'. It was applied to the experimental group twice a week, fifty minutes per session for six weeks. RESULT: Cognition(t=-4.232, p< .001) and IADL(t=-2.939, p< .01) in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Depression in the experimental group was significantly less than the control group(t=3.870, p< .01). However, ADL in the experimental group was not significantly higher than the control group. CONCLUSION: These findings confirmed that a cognitive behavior program contributed to improving cognition and IADL, and to reducing depression in the elderly with Cognitive Impairment.

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    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(3): 388.     CrossRef
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    Inhyae Park, In-Hee Choi, Seo Young Kang, Younkyoung Kim, Chong Mi Lee
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    Eunjoo Ji, Oksoo Kim
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    Yeon Hee Choi, En Young Jeon
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    Young Ran Han, Mi Sook Song, Ji Young Lim
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  • Cognitive Impairment, Behavioral Problems, and Mental Health in Institutionalized Korean Elders -An Eligibility Issue for Care Settings-
    Hyun-Sil Kim, Young-Mi Jung, Hung-Sa Lee
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The Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Anger Management Program on Self-consciousness and Anger in Korean Military Man
Myung Sun Hyun, Kyoung A Nam, Hee Sun Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(6):1076-1084.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.6.1076
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a cognitive behavioral anger management intervention in order to increase self-consciousness and decrease anger among Korean military men.

 Methods

A quasi-experimental design was used for this study. Ninety two soldiers were screened for unhealthy anger expression using a questionnaire. Among them, 26 soldiers who showed unhealthy anger expression were selected for this study. They were matched by rank and assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received the intervention three consecutive times, once a week and for 120 minutes per session. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention for anger (the State-Trait Anger Scale) and self-consciousness (Self-consciousness Scale). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcox on signed rank test.

 Results

There was no statistically significant decrease in anger or increase in self-consciousness between the two groups following treatment. However, there was a significant increase in private self-consciousness in the treatment group after the intervention(p=.006).

 Conclusion

The cognitive behavioral anger management program improves private self-consciousness in soldiers. However, Additional research is needed to explore whether long-term intervention is more effective for anger control in the military setting. The findings from this study suggest that more attention should be given to mental health care for Korean soldiers.

Citations

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  • The Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Depression, Anger, and Self-Control for Korean Soldiers
    Myung-Sun Hyun, Hyang-In C. Chung, Jennie C. De Gagne, Hee Sun Kang
    Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.2014; 52(2): 22.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of the Military Mental Health Promotion Program
    Chung Hee Woo, Sun Ah Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2014; 44(6): 717.     CrossRef
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Development of an Integrative Cognitive Rehabilitation Program for Brain Injured Patients in the Post-acute Stage
Hyun Soo Oh, Young Ran Kim, Wha Sook Seo, Yeon Ok Seo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(2):270-282.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.2.270
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to develop a comprehensive cognitive rehabilitation program that can be easily applied to brain injured patients by family members or nurses in community or hospital settings.

 Methods

A Systemic literature review design was used. Thirty-three related studies were reviewed.

 Result

Based on the results of the literature review, the training tasks for attention were designated to enhancing 4 hierarchical areas, i.e., focused, selective, alternating, and divided attention. On the other hand, the memory rehabilitation tasks mainly consisted of mnemonic skills, such as the association method which helps patients memorize given information by linking together common attributes, the visual imagery method, and self-instruction method. The problem solving rehabilitation program included a task of games or plays which stimulated the patients' curiosity and interest. The training tasks for problem solving were to encourage the process of deriving reasonable solutions for a problematic situation resembling real problems that the patients were faced with in their everyday life.

 Conclusion

It is expected that the cognitive rehabilitation program developed from this study could help patients having difficulty in their every day life, due to a reduced cognitive ability resulting from brain injury, to effectively adapt to every day life.

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  • Development of an Evidence-Based Intervention Program for Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment After Stroke
    HyunSoo Oh, JongSuk Park, WhaSook Seo
    Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation.2017; 33(2): 140.     CrossRef
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    Mi Reyung Kim, Yeonok Suh
    The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2017; 20(1): 33.     CrossRef
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    Yu-Jin Cha, Se-Yun Kim
    The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2014; 14(3): 203.     CrossRef
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    Yun-Jung Jang, Seong-Sook Jun
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2012; 24(3): 305.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Age, Gender, and Severity on Recovery of Patients with Brain Injury
    Hyun Soo Oh, Wha Sook Seo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(6): 923.     CrossRef
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Comparison of Cognitive Levels, Nutritional Status, Depression in the Elderly according to Living Situations
Young Mi Jung, Ju Hee Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(3):495-503.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.3.495
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of cognitive level, nutritional status and depression in elderly according to living situations.

 Method

The subjects consisted of 173 elderly classifying three groups(living alone, living with spouse, living with children). Data was collected from March to June, 2003 by a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, MMSE-K, nutritional status and depression scale. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS program including descriptive statistics, χ2-test, ANCOVA, Scheffe test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient.

 Result

In MMSE-K, the living alone group showed suspicious dementia while the other groups were normal. The living alone group showed a high nutritional risk and all three groups showed depression. In MMSE-K, the nutritional status and depression were statistically significant by the living situation. In each group except living with spouse, MMSE-K indicated a significantly negative correlation to depression and nutritional status, while nutritional status showed a significantly positive correlation to depression.

 Conclusion

It is necessary to develop supportive programs for decreasing the risk of bad health in the elderly and an individual approach according to their living situation. Especially, more concern and intervention is necessary for the solitary elderly.

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Effects of a Cognitive Training Program on Cognitive Function and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Eun Young Oh, Mi Sook Jung
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(1):1-13.   Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.1.1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a cognitive training program on neurocognitive task performance and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients who had a stroke.

 Methods

The research design for this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Patients were assigned to the experimental (n=21) or control group (n=21). The experimental group received a 4-week cognitive training program and usual care (i.e., rehabilitation service), while the control was received usual care only. Cognitive function was measured with a standardized neurocognitive test battery and ADL was assessed at baseline and one and two months after completion of the intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine changes in cognitive function and ADL over 2 months.

 Results

The interaction of group and time was significant indicating that the experimental group showed improvement in attention, visuospatial function, verbal memory, and executive function compared to the control group which had a sustained or gradual decrease in test performance. A significant group by time interaction in instrumental ADL was also found between the experimental group with gradual improvement and the control group showing no noticeable change.

 Conclusion

Findings show that the cognitive training program developed in this study is beneficial in restoring cognitive function and improving ADL in patients following a stroke. Further study is needed to investigate the long-term relationship between cognitive training participation and cognitive improvement and effective functioning in daily living.

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  • Clinical efficacy of aerobic exercise combined with computer-based cognitive training in stroke: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
    Ting-Ting Yeh, Ku-Chou Chang, Ching-Yi Wu, Chao-Jung Chen, I-Ching Chuang
    Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.2022; 29(4): 255.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a cognitive rehabilitation programme on cognitive function, self‐management and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Myoung Ok Park, Hyun Soo Oh, Wha Sook Seo
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Rehabilitation Occupational Therapy Intervention for Stroke Patients
    Chi-Hwan Shin, Mo-sei Hwang, Eun-Young Yoo
    Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy.2019; 27(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke
    Tobias Loetscher, Kristy-Jane Potter, Dana Wong, Roshan das Nair
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Group Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy on the Nurses' Job Stress, Burnout, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention
    Hye-Lyun Kim, Sook-Hee Yoon
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(4): 432.     CrossRef
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Effects of a Cognitive Rehearsal Program on Interpersonal Relationships, Workplace Bullying, Symptom Experience, and Turnover Intention among Nurses: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Jiyeon Kang, Jeung-Im Kim, Seonyoung Yun
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(5):689-699.   Published online January 15, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.5.689
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

This research aimed to investigate the effects of a cognitive rehearsal program (CRP) on workplace bullying among nurses.

 Methods

A randomized controlled trial was performed. Participants were 40 nurses working in different university hospitals in B city, South Korea. The experimental group was provided with a 20-hour CRP comprising scenarios on bullying situations, standard communication, and role-playing. To evaluate effects of the CRP, we measured interpersonal relationships, workplace bullying, symptom experience, and turnover intention at pre-and post-intervention. Follow-up effect was measured in the experimental group only at 4 weeks after the intervention.

 Results

After the intervention, there were significant differences in interpersonal relationships (F=6.21, p=.022) and turnover intention (F=5.55, p=.024) between experimental and wait-list groups. However, there was no significant difference in workplace bullying or symptom experience between the 2 groups. The beneficial effects on interpersonal relationships and turnover intention lasted at least up to 4 weeks after CRP.

 Conclusion

The CRP for workplace bullying improves interpersonal relationships and decreases turnover intention. So it can be utilized as one of the personal coping strategies to reduce the the turnover among nurses. Further studies on the effects of unit- or hospital-based CRP and on the long-term effects of CRP are necessary.

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Effect of Cancer Symptoms and Fatigue on Chemotherapy-related Cognitive Impairment and Depression in People with Gastrointestinal Cancer
Pok Ja Oh, Jung Ran Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(3):420-430.   Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.420
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to test a hypothetical model of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and depression in people with gastrointestinal cancer.

 Methods

A purposive sample of 198 patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited from November 2014 to July 2015. The instruments were Everyday Cognition (ECog), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Gastrointestinal Cancer Module. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and path analysis.

 Results

CRCI was directly affected by cancer symptoms (β=.19, p=.004) and fatigue (β=.56, p<.001)(R2=47.2%). Depression was directly affected by fatigue (β=.48, p<.001) and CRCI (β=.27, p<.001). However, The impact of cancer symptoms on depression was confirmed through the mediating effect of CRCI.

 Conclusion

Results indicate that in patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy along with the direct physiologic effects (fatigue, symptoms) of cancer treatment may have altered cognitive function leading to depression.

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Development and Effects of a Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Based Program in Reducing Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia
Mi Young Kim, Seong Sook Jun
J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(3):349-363.   Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.349
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was done to develop a internalized stigma reducing program based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and appropriate for patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate its effectiveness.

 Methods

The study design was a mixed method research. Qualitative study, 13 patients with schizophrenia who had experience in overcoming stigma were purposively chosen for interviews and data were analyzed using Giorgi method. Quantitative study, 64 patients with schizophrenia (experimental group=32, control group=32) were recruited. The cognitive-behavioral therapy-based program for reducing internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia was provided for 8 weeks (12 sessions). Data were collected from June. 20, 2013 to Feb. 14, 2014. Quantitative data were analyzed using χ2-test, t-test, repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS program.

 Results

Qualitative results, from the experience of coping with stigma in patients with schizophrenia seventeen themes and five themes-clusters were drawn up. Quantitative results showed that internalized stigma, self-esteem, mental health recovery and quality of life were significantly better in the experimental group compared to the control group.

 Conclusion

Study findings indicate that this program for reducing internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia is effective and can be recommended as a rehabilitation program intervention to help patients with schizophrenia to cope with internalized stigma.

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Chemotherapy-related Cognitive Impairment and Quality of Life in People with Colon Cancer: The Mediating Effect of Psychological Distress
Pok Ja Oh, Jeong Hye Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(1):19-28.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.1.19
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to test the mediating effect of psychological distress in the relationship between chemotherapy related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and quality of life (QOL) in people with cancer.

 Methods

A purposive sample of 130 patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited for the cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from November 2014 to June 2015. The instruments were K-MMSE (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination), Everyday Cognition (ECog), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression using Baron and Kenny steps for mediation.

 Results

The mean score for objective cognitive function was 27.95 and 69.32 for perceived cognitive decline. Overall quality of life was 91.74. The mean score was 17.52 for psychological distress. The prevalence was 56.2% for anxiety and 63.1% for depression, and 20.0% for CRCI. There were significant correlations among the variables, objective cognitive function and self-reported cognitive decline, psychological distress, and quality of life. Psychological distress was directly affected by CRCI. (R2=29%). QOL was directly affected by CRCI. Psychological distress and CRCI effected QOL (R2=43%). Psychological distress had a partial mediating effect (β= -.56, p <.001) in the relationship between self-reported cognitive decline and quality of life (Sobel test: Z= -5.08, p <.001).

 Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on managing cognitive decline, and decreasing psychological distress are highly recommended to improve quality of life in cancer patients.

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    Eun-Hee Lee, Dongwon Choi
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Review Article
Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among School-aged Children in Korea: A Meta-Analysis
Wan-Ju Park, Shin-Jeong Park, Sung-Dong Hwang
J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(2):169-182.   Published online April 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.169
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was a meta-analysis designed to identify effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions in alleviating main symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among school-aged children in Korea.

 Methods

Examination of several databases including Research Information Sharing Service, Korean Studies Information Service System, Data Base Periodical Information Academic and hand-searched article references, resulted in identification of 1,298 studies done between 2000 and 2013 of which 21 met the inclusion criteria. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 was used to analyze effect sizes, explore possible causes of heterogeneity, and check publication bias with a funnel plot and its trim-and-fill analysis.

 Results

Overall effect size of CBT intervention was large (g=1.08) along with each outcome of self-control (g=1.26), lack of attention (g=1.02), social skills (g=0.92), and hyperactivity (g=0.92). For heterogeneity, moderator analysis was performed, but no significant differences were found between the RCT (Randomized Controlled Trials) group and the NRCT (Non RCT) group. Also, meta-regression was performed using sample size, number of sessions, and length of session as predictors, but no statistically significant moderators were found. Finally, a funnel plot along with trim-and-fill analysis was produced to check for publication bias, but no significant bias was detected.

 Conclusion

Based on these findings, there is clear evidence that CBT intervention has significant positive effects on the main symptoms of school-aged children suffering ADHD. Further research is needed to target diverse age groups with ADHD along with more RCT studies to improve the effectiveness of the CBT intervention.

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Original Articles
Effectiveness of the Military Mental Health Promotion Program
Chung Hee Woo, Sun Ah Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(6):717-725.   Published online December 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.6.717
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was done to evaluate the Military Mental Health Promotion Program. The program was an email based cognitive behavioral intervention.

 Methods

The research design was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 32 soldiers who agreed to participate in the program. Data were collected at three different times from January 2012 to March 2012; pre-test, post-test, and a one-month follow-up test. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 18.0. The effectiveness of the program was tested by repeated measures ANOVA.

 Results

The first hypothesis that the level of depression in the experimental group who participated in the program would decrease compared to the control group was not supported in that the difference in group-time interaction was not statistically significant (F=2.19, p=.121). The second and third hypothesis related to anxiety and self-esteem were supported in group-time interaction, respectively (F=7.41, p=.001, F=11.67, p<.001).

 Conclusion

Results indicate that the program is effective in improving soldiers' mental health status in areas of anxiety and self-esteem.

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Comparison of Demographic Characteristics, Comorbidity, and Health Habits of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Older Adults with Normal Cognitive Function
Myonghwa Park, Mi Ra Sung, Sun Kyung Kim, Dong Young Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(4):351-360.   Published online August 15, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.4.351
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

This study was done to compare demographic characteristics, comorbidity, and health habits of elders with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and elders with cognitively normal function (CNF).

 Methods

Secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the Database of the Seoul Dementia Management Project for 5,773 adults age 60 and above.

 Results

The MCI group showed an older age distribution, but there was no significant education difference between the two groups. Elders with MCI had more diabetes and stroke than elders with CNF. In subgroups, the same findings were observed in women, but not in men. While more men with MCI had hypertension compared to men with CNF, there was no significant difference in hypertension between the two groups for women. Elders with MCI, men in particular, had a lower prevalence of obesity than men with CNF. MCI individuals did less exercise compared to individuals with CNF. While there were no significant differences in alcohol consumption and smoking between MCI and CNF groups, the over 80's subgroup with MCI reported more alcohol consumption.

 Conclusion

Findings from this study could be helpful in designing community-based dementia prevention programs and health policies to reduce the prevalence of dementia or related cognitive impairments.

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    JiSuk Park, HyunSoo Oh, Won Park, SeongRyul Kwon, OkKyung Ham, YeonOk Suh, HyeSun Jeong, WhaSook Seo
    Orthopaedic Nursing.2018; 37(5): 305.     CrossRef
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    Miwon Kim, Jeong-Mo Park
    Epidemiology and Health.2017; 39: e2017054.     CrossRef
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    Kyung Choon Lim, Min Ho Chun
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    Gwi-Ryung Son Hong, Jung-Soo Woo
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    Younhee Kang, Sun A Whang, Kuemju Park
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(6): 656.     CrossRef
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A Meta-analysis of Chemotherapy related Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Breast Cancer
Jin-Hee Park, Sun Hyoung Bae
J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(5):644-658.   Published online October 12, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.5.644
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cognitive effects of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.

 Methods

Using several databases, prospective studies were collected up to August 2011. Of 2,106 publications identified, 12 met the inclusion criteria, and 8 studies were used to estimate the effect size of chemotherapy on cognitive impairment.

 Results

Twelve studies were done since 2005 and most of the research was performed in Europe or North America. Eight studies were used to generate effect size across the cognitive domains of attention/concentration, verbal and visual memory, executive function, visuospatial skill, language, and subjective cognitive function. Each of the cognitive domains showed small effect sizes (-0.02 ~ -0.26), indicating diminished cognitive function for the chemotherapy group compared with non-chemotherapy groups.

 Conclusion

Finding suggests that breast cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy may experience mild cognitive decline. Further study is needed to generate knowledge and guideline for interventions to address chemotherapy related cognitive impairment in these patients.

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    Pok Ja Oh, Ji Hyun Kim
    Asian Oncology Nursing.2022; 22(1): 1.     CrossRef
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    Yoon Jung Kim, Sook Jung Kang
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    Pok Ja Oh, Jeong Hye Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • QLU-C10D: a health state classification system for a multi-attribute utility measure based on the EORTC QLQ-C30
    M. T. King, D. S. J. Costa, N. K. Aaronson, J. E. Brazier, D. F. Cella, P. M. Fayers, P. Grimison, M. Janda, G. Kemmler, R. Norman, A. S. Pickard, D. Rowen, G. Velikova, T. A. Young, R. Viney
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    Jin-Hee Park, Sun Hyoung Bae, Yong-Sik Jung, Young-Mi Jung
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(1): 118.     CrossRef
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Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program on Mental Health Problems in Children Dealing with Trauma: Focused on Community District Victimized by Oil Spill
Jung Nam Sohn, Yong-Mi Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(1):56-65.   Published online February 29, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.1.56
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was done to evaluate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy in a victimized community district and to determine if the program is an effective nursing intervention to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder symptom, depression and state anxiety.

 Methods

A nonequivalent control group design was used for the study. The participants, 32 elementary school students, were selected from grades 4, 5, 6 and each student was assigned to either the experimental (16) or control (16) group. Cognitive behavioral therapy was used as the experimental treatment from April 9 to May 28, 2009. The experimental group received cognitive behavior therapy intervention 8 times. Data analysis was done using ANCOVA with SPSS 17.0.

 Results

After the intervention, the experimental group showed significantly lower levels of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms than the control group.

 Conclusion

The findings from this study suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective nursing intervention to decrease the level of mental health problems of children in victimized district. Further research is required in order to identify the continuous effects of cognitive behavioral therapy.

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    Soojung Lee, Eunjoo Lee
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    Saralyn Carola Ruff, Chloe L. Jones, June Madsen Clausen
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    Mikyung Jang, Ju-Ae Ko, Eun-jung Kim
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    Shu‐Mei Zhuang, Shi‐Hui An, Yue Zhao
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Cognitive Impairment, Behavioral Problems, and Mental Health in Institutionalized Korean Elders -An Eligibility Issue for Care Settings-
Hyun-Sil Kim, Young-Mi Jung, Hung-Sa Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(5):741-750.   Published online October 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.5.741
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of cognitive impairment, behavioral problems, and the state of mental health for elderly Korean people who have been institutionalized.

 Methods

A cross-sectional, nation-wide survey was performed using an anonymous questionnaire. The participants in this study were 2,521 institutionalized elderly Korean people. A proportional stratified random sampling method was employed.

 Results

1) Elders admitted to subacute hospitals and long term care (LTC) facilities showed a higher level of cognitive impairment compared to elders admitted to acute care hospitals. 2) Elders confined in LTC facilities showed a higher level of behavioral problems compared to elders in acute or subacute hospitals. 3) Elders admitted to subacute hospitals and LTC facilities showed more serious mental health problems, such as depression or suicidal ideation, compared to elders in acute care hospitals.

 Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that the severity of cognitive-behavioral or mental health problems do not match well with type of care setting. Therefore, health personnel working with elderly people should be provided guidance on detection and management of cognitive-behavioral and mental health problems. The necessity of a decision support system for eligibility and placement in long-term care is also discussed.

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    Ok Sun Kim, Sohyune R. Sok
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    Kiwol Sung
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    Chi-Young Kim, Young-Mi Lee, Eun-Ho Ha
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    Hyun-Sook Chang, Hung Sa Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Policy and Administration.2012; 22(4): 522.     CrossRef
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A Comparison of the Factors Influencing the Life Satisfaction of the Elderly According to their Cognitive Impairment Level
Rah Il Hwang, Ji Young Lim, Young Whee Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(5):622-631.   Published online October 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.5.622
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to analyze the factors that influence the life satisfaction of the elderly according to their cognitive impairment level.

 Methods

This study was conducted by dividing 3,012 elderly residents of a regional community into three groups based on the scores of the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination: a normal group without any cognitive impairment, a suspicious group with a mild level of cognitive impairment, and a high risk group with a high level of cognitive impairment. Researchers made phone calls, house calls, and personal visits to health centers and shelters for the elderly to gather the information required for this study.

 Results

The results of this study revealed that social relationships, depression, and activities of daily living had a significant impact on life satisfaction for the normal group, while social relationships and depression had a high impact on life satisfaction for the suspicious group, and social relationships had high impact on the life satisfaction of the high risk group.

 Conclusion

Based on the results of this study, we suggest that programs that promote development of the social relationship networks of the elderly should be established to promote their life satisfaction.

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Effects of a Cognitive-Behavioral Nursing Intervention on Anxiety and Depression in Women with Breast Cancer undergoing Radiotherapy
Myung-Sook Yoo, Haejung Lee, Jung-A Yoon
J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(2):157-165.   Published online April 28, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.2.157
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of a cognitive-behavioral nursing intervention on anxiety and depression of patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

 Methods

A nonequivalent control group design was used for the study. The research participants were patients with breast cancer (N=71; experimental group=35, comparison group=36) who received radiotherapy at P university hospital. The experimental group received a 6-week cognitive-behavioral nursing intervention (2 hr/week), which included nursing counseling, education about treatment choices for breast cancer and possible side effects and management strategies during radiotherapy, and rehabilitation exercise.

 Results

Following the intervention, the experimental group showed significantly lower levels of anxiety (Experimental group=34.60±6.35, Comparison group=44.63±9.93, t=3.552, p<.001) and depression (Experimental group=10.20±6.61, Comparison group=17.81±10.85, t=3.542, p<.001) than the comparison group.

 Conclusion

The findings from this study showed that cognitive-behavioral counseling applied by nurses is very effective to reduce anxiety and depression among patients with breast cancer. Therefore, providing nursing counseling to broader spectrum of patients with cancer should be considered. Further research would warrant future clinical application of nursing counseling.

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Effects of an Exercise Program on Frontal Lobe Cognitive Function in Elders
Mee-Kyung Shin
J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(1):107-115.   Published online February 28, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.1.107
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an exercise program on frontal lobe cognitive function in seniors.

 Methods

The participants were 42 seniors using a health center in Seoul (experimental group) and 28 seniors using a facility for elders in Seoul (control group). The exercise program was carried out for 16 weeks from April to August 2007. The frontal lobe cognitive function, which includes short term memory, attention, immediate memory, delayed memory, verbal fluency and motor function, was measured by the Digit Span Forward test, Trail Making test, Immediate recall words test, Delayed recall words, Controlled oral word association test and Finger tapping test. The collected data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test, Chi-square, t-test, and ANCOVA using the SAS program.

 Results

The major findings of this study were as follows: Attention (p=.009), immediate memory (p=.005), delayed memory (p=.009), and verbal fluency (p=.004) improved after the exercise program.

 Conclusion

In this study, the exercise program was effective in improving frontal lobe cognitive function in elders. So it provides basic information for further nursing education on exercise programs which will be effective for prevention of early cognitive function decline in normally aging elders.

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