Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Review Paper

Legal and Practical Solutions for the Expanding the Roles of Medical Support Staff Nurses: Su Jung Choi, Min Young Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(3):300-310. Published online August 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24075

Purpose
Medical support staff nurses have traditionally performed various supportive tasks for physicians, often extending beyond standard nursing roles. Despite these long-standing practices, there is a notable lack of official recognition and legal protection for these expanded responsibilities, leading to increasing legal concerns. Therefore, there is a need for proposing a rational solution to address these issues.
Methods
The number of medical support staff nurses is rising, particularly as they fill gaps left by the 2024 resident physician strike. The study focuses on identifying potential challenges arising from this shift and developing strategic improvements to address these challenges effectively.
Results
This study proposed legally expanding the scope of nursing duties and creating a robust system for training and certifying nurses to handle these responsibilities effectively, by integrating these roles within the advanced practice nurse (APN) framework.
Conclusion
Integrating these roles within the framework of APN can offer a sustainable and legally sound solution to the ongoing healthcare crisis, ensuring patient safety and safeguarding healthcare workers’ legal rights.

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Research Papers

Association between Resilience, Professional Quality of Life, and Caring Behavior in Oncology Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study: Misun Jeon, Sue Kim, Sanghee Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(6):597-609. Published online December 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23058

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The degree of caring behavior of oncology nurses is a crucial factor in the care provided to patients with cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate factors related to oncology nurses’ caring behavior, including their resilience and professional quality of life.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 107 oncology nurses at an urban tertiary hospital from May 18 to 24, 2015. We used a self-report questionnaire to measure resilience, professional quality of life, and degree of caring behavior. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlations, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 20.0.
Results
Oncology nurses presented with low levels of resilience and caring behavior, and high levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. There was a statistically significant relationship between the degree of caring behavior, resilience (r = .43, p < .001), compassion satisfaction (r = .51, p < .001), and burnout (r = - .42, p < .001), as well as between secondary traumatic stress and burnout (r = .34, p < .001). Factors associated with oncology nurses’ degree of caring behavior were compassion satisfaction (t = 6.00, p < .001) and educational level (t = 3.45, p = .001).
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that oncology nurses’ degree of caring behavior is related to their professional quality of life and education. These findings suggest that enhancing oncology nurses’ healthy coping strategies at both the individual and organizational levels can further develop holistic nursing care. Additionally, it is necessary to examine the factors affecting nurses’ compassion satisfaction and to try to promote this aspect.

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Javier Martinez-Calderon, Cristina García-Muñoz
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Fiona Yu, Deborah Raphael, Lisa Mackay, Melody Smith, Ritin Fernandez
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2025; 166: 105054. CrossRef
Impact of an oncology training program on nursing personnel knowledge: A pilot study
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Compassion fatigue, psychological resilience, moral sensitivity, and humanistic caring ability in clinical nurses: a structural equation model
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Exploring the Impact of Resilience on Professional Quality of Life Among Oncology Nurses
Asma Al Yahyaei, Wafa Al Jabri, Nabiha Al Hasni, Zainab Al Kindi, Sulaiman Al Sabei, Omar Al Omari, Joshua Muliira, Foroozan Atashzadeh-Shoorideh
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Internal Structure of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8-Items in a Nationally Representative Population: Eun-Hyun Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(3):359-369. Published online June 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23007

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study evaluated the internal structure (structural validity, internal consistency, and measurement invariance) of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with Eight Items (HINT-8), developed to measure Korean people’s health-related quality of life.
Methods
A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, involving 6,167 adults aged over 18 years. The structural validity of the HINT-8 was assessed using exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency and measurement invariance were analyzed using McDonald’s omega (ω) and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, respectively.
Results
The HINT-8 had a single dimension and good internal consistency (ω = .804). The one-dimension HINT-8 ex-hibited matric invariance but not scalar invariance across sociodemographic groups (sex, age, education, and marital status). Further, it exhibited scalar or partial scalar invariance across medical condition groups (hypertension, diabetes, depressive symptoms, and cancer).
Conclusion
The study finds that the HINT-8 demonstrated satisfactory structural validity and internal consistency, indicating its suitability for practice and research. However, the HINT-8 scores cannot be compared across different groups regarding sex, age, education, and marital status, as the interpretation varies within each sociodemographic category. Conversely, interpretation of the HINT-8 is consistent for individuals with and without hypertension, diabetes, depressive symptom, and cancer.

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Mima Park, Seon-Ha Kim
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Risk Factors and Quality of Life in Patients With Geographic Atrophy, a Late Stage of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Findings From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yeji Kim, Yun Tae Kim, Mingui Kong, Jae Hui Kim
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The Predictors of Dietary Supplement Use Among Women With Musculoskeletal Disease: A Population-Based Complex Sample Designed Study
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A Network Analysis of Quality of Life Among Older Adults With Arthritis
Dahee Wi, Chang G. Park, Jiae Lee, Eunjin Kim, Yoonjung Kim
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Network analysis of quality of life among young and middle-aged Korean cancer survivors
Yoonjung Kim, Dahee Wi, Eunjin Kim, Jiae Lee
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Quality of Life Based on the Experience of Psychological Counseling in Adults with Depressive Symptoms
Jihyeon Seo, Jihye Lim
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Validation of the health-related quality of life instrument with 8 items for assessing health-related quality of life in patients with oropharyngeal cancer: a comparison with the EQ-5D-5L
Gyeong-U Hong, Bon Seok Koo, Min-Ju Kim, Woo-Jeong Sim, Ah-Yeon Lee, Ji-Eun An, Su-Yeon Yu, Sei Young Lee, Soo Hyun Lee
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Comparison of the health behavior and nutrition status of young-old women according to the vitality in their quality of life: based on the 2019, 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(5): 496. CrossRef

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Pathway Analysis on the Effects of Nursing Informatics Competency, Nursing Care Left Undone, and Nurse Reported Quality of Care on Nursing Productivity among Clinical Nurses: Mi Yu, Se Young Kim, Ji Min Ryu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(2):236-248. Published online April 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22110

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Nursing informatics competency is used to manage and improve the delivery of safe, high-quality, and efficient healthcare services in accordance with best practices and professional and regulatory standards. This study examined the relationship between nursing informatics competency (NIC), nursing care left undone, and nurse reported quality of care (NQoC) and nursing productivity. A path model for their effects on nursing productivity among clinical nurses was also established.
Methods
Data were collected using structured questionnaires answered by 192 nurses working in a tertiary hospital located in J city, Korea, and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 program.
Results
The fit indices of the alternative path model satisfied recommended levels χ2 = .11 (p= .741), normed χ2 (χ2/df) = .11, SRMR = .01, RMSEA = .00, GFI = 1.00, NFI = 1.00, AIC = 18.11. Among the variables, NIC (β = .44, p < .001), NQoC (β = .35, p < .001) had a direct effect on nursing productivity. Due to the mediating effect of NQoC on the relationship between NIC and nursing productivity, the effect size was .14 (95% CI .08~.24). Meanwhile, nursing care left undone through NQoC in the relationship between NIC and nursing productivity, has a significant mediation effect (estimate .01, 95% CI .00~.03). The explanatory power of variables was 44.0%.
Conclusion
Education and training for enhancing NIC should be provided to improve nursing productivity, quality of care and to reduce missed nursing care. Furthermore, monitoring the quality of nursing care and using it as a productivity index is essential.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Information Literacy Competencies and Associated Variables among Korean Nursing Students
Shin Hyang Kim, Jong Mi Lim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(4): 358. CrossRef
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Jeong Ho Ji, Kyungja Kang
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Factors Affecting the Quality of Life in Low-Income Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Cross-Sectional Study: Ju-Hee Nho, Eun Jin Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(1):1-11. Published online February 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22126

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing quality of life (QoL) of low-income older adults (LOAs) with sarcopenia.
Methods
A convenience sample of 125 older adults was recruited from Jeonbuk Province, South Korea. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire that included nutritional status, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module. Additionally, grip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass, were evaluated, along with the short physical performance battery.
Results
Sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia were observed in 43.2% and 56.8% of participants, respectively. Using multiple regression analysis, depression (β = - .40, p < .001), nutritional status (β = .24, p = .003), and anxiety (β = - .15, p = .042) were identified as factors affecting the QoL of the older adults in low-income groups with sarcopenia, the explanatory power of these variables was 44%.
Conclusion
The results of this study can be used to develop a nursing intervention program and establish policies to improve depression, anxiety, and nutritional status to enhance QoL of LOAs with sarcopenia.

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Factors influencing health-related quality of life in older adult women with sarcopenia: analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019
Sol Hyun Lee, Ju-Hee Nho, Hye Young Kim, Eun Jee Lee
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2023; 29(4): 328. CrossRef

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Structural Equation Modeling for Quality of Life of Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities: Focusing on the Self-Help Model: Mi Ran Yang, Mi Yu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(3):308-323. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22013

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to construct and test a predictive model for the quality of life (QOL) in mothers of children with developmental disabilities (DB). The hypothesized model included severity of illness, distress, uncertainty, self-help, and parenting efficacy as influencing factors, QOL as a consequence based on the Braden’s Self-Help Model.
Methods
The data were collected through a direct and online surveys from 206 mothers in 8 locations, including welfare or daycare centers, developmental treatment centers, and The Parents’ Coalition for the Disabled located in two provinces of Korea. Data were analysed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 program.
Results
The fit indices of the predictive model satisfied recommended levels; χ² = 165.79 (p < .001), normed χ² (χ² /df) = 2.44, RMR = .04, RMSEA = .08, GFI = .90, AGFI = .85, NFI = .91, TLI = .93, CFI = .95. Among the variables, distress (β = - .46, p < .001), parenting efficacy (β = .22, p < .001), and self-help (β = .17, p = .018) had direct effects on QOL. Severity of illness (β = - .61, p = .010) and uncertainty (β = - .08, p = .014) showed indirect effects. The explanatory power of variables was 61.0%.
Conclusion
The study results confirm the utility of Braden’s Self-Help Model. They provide a theoretical basis for improving QOL in mothers of children with DB. Nursing intervention strategies that can relieve mothers’ distress and uncertainty related to disease and enhance parenting efficacy and self-help behavior should be considered.

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Factors associated with uncertainty in parents of children with developmental disabilities: A scoping review
Heejung Choi, GyeongAe Seomun, Jeongeun Song
Disability and Health Journal.2026; 19(1): 101962. CrossRef
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Heejung Choi, GyeongAe Seomun, Sung-Min Son
Disability and Rehabilitation.2025; 47(20): 5237. CrossRef
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Heejung Choi, GyeongAe Seomun
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Hyo-Jeong Jeon, Eun-Kyoung Goh, Min-Jung Kim, Eun-Seol Kim
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Heejung Choi
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Eunjeong Cho, Yeon Jeong Heo, Eunha Ryoo, Hye Jin Kim
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Kyoung Eun Jeong, Min Hyun Suk
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2023; 34: 117. CrossRef

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Effects of the Advanced Practice Nurse-Led Psychoeducational Program for Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Hye Kyung Kim, Yang-Sook Yoo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(3):245-260. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21207

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the effects of an advanced practice nurse-led psychoeducational program on distress, anxiety, depression, coping with cancer (CWC), health promotion behavior (HPB), and quality of life (QOL) among colorectal cancer survivors.
Methods
This study was designed as a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest. The participants were survivors of colorectal cancer who underwent follow-up care. There were 39 survivors: 19 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. The experimental group performed a psychoeducational program for 120 minutes per session, once a week for a total of six weeks, while the control group received routine education and counseling. Distress, anxiety, depression, CWC, HPB, and QOL were investigated before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN ver. 24.0, using repeated measures ANOVA.
Results
There were significant interactions between time and group for distress and anxiety. In addition, CWC interacted with the total of CWC and interpersonal coping, and QOL interacted with the total of QOL and functional status. However, there were no significant differences in the depression or HPB scores.
Conclusion
Based on the results of this study, we expect that this program can be used as an effective intervention for colorectal cancer survivors.

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Tailored psychoeducation for multiple myeloma patients: a step toward enhancing quality of life and health outcomes
Yoorin Cho, Yang Sook Yoo
Health Education Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
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Kisook Kim, Hyohyeon Yoon
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Cristian-David Useche-Guerrero, María-de-los-Ángeles Merino-Godoy, Eva-María Barroso-Márquez, Emilia Isabel Martins Teixeira da Costa, Rafaela Camacho Bejarano, Francisco-Javier Gago-Valiente, Rizal Angelo Grande
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XiaoYing Zhang, HuangQin Liu, LiYing Lin, Huimin Xiao
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Su Jung Lee, Dal-Lae Jin, Young Ae Kim, Hyun-Ju Seo, Seok-Jun Yoon
BMC Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cancer Survivorship Care and Roles of Oncology Nurses
Eun Young Park
Asian Oncology Nursing.2022; 22(3): 121. CrossRef

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Development and Evaluation of Resilience Enhancement Program Applying Mindfulness Meditation in Patients with Ileostomy: Jee Hye Shin, Ja Yun Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(3):334-346. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21019

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop a resilience enhancement program applying mindfulness meditation (REP-MM) and evaluate the effects of the program on post-traumatic stress (PTS), resilience, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with ileostomy.
Methods
The REP-MM was developed by combining the resilience enhancement program with mindfulness meditation according to four patterns. The program was developed through identifying patients’ needs, reviewing relevant literature, developing a preliminary program, and testing content validity and user evaluation. The participants were 55 patients with ileostomy. We conveniently assigned 27 patients to the experimental group and 28 to the control group. The study was conducted in conducted in a hospital from January 22 to May 30, 2019. The REPMM was provided to the experimental group, and conventional ileostomy care was provided to the control group using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. Results: ANCOVA revealed that the levels of PTS (F = 321.64, p < .001), resilience (F = 111.86, p < .001), and HRQoL (F = 31.08, p < .001) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group when comparing pretest to posttest changes.
Conclusion
The REP-MM is effective in PTS, resilience, and HRQoL in patients suffering from post-stoma creation crisis. The REP-MM can induce positive self-recognition changes in patients with ileostomy through dispositional, situational, relational, and philosophical interventions. We suggest nurses reduce PTS and improve resilience and HRQoL in patients with ileostomy.

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Effectiveness of Meditation Techniques in Treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
David W. Orme-Johnson, Vernon A. Barnes, Brian Rees, Jean Tobin, Kenneth G. Walton
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The experiences of Chinese colorectal cancer survivors in marital intimacy after ostomy creation: A qualitative study
Xixi Du, Suchira Chaiviboontham, Bualuang Sumdaengrit
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Jin Mi Kim, Jeong Sook Park
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(6): 616. CrossRef

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Predictive Model for Quality of Life of the Older Men Living Alone: Su Jin Kim, Gyeong-Suk Jeon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(6):799-812. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20087

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to construct and test a predictive model that explains and predicts the quality of life in older men living alone.
Methods
A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data from 334 older adult men living along aged 65 years or over living in Jeollanam-do provinces. The endogenous variables were depression, self-rated health, instrumental activity of daily life, health promotion behaviors, the number of social participation activities and quality of life. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs.
Results
The final model with 14 of the 8 analysed paths showed a good fit to the empiri cal data: χ²= 173.26(p < .001, df = 53),normed χ²= 3.27, GFI = .92, NFI = .90, CFI = .93, TLI = .89, RMSEA = .08 and SRMR = .06. Activities had direct effect on quality of life of older men living alone and social support had both direct and indirect effects. Meanwhile, function and socioeconomic status showed only indirect effects.The variables included in the eight significant paths explained 83.7% of variance in the prediction model.
Conclusion
Instrumental activities of daily living and social support effect directly on quality of life in the older men living alone. Findings suggest that health care providers including community nurses need to provide social support as well as empowerment programs of instrumental activities of daily living and health promotion for improving quality of life of the older men living alone.

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Changes in the health status and health-related quality of life of community-dwelling older adults living alone: one-year follow-up from a cohort study
Hana Ko, Belong Cho, Kyung-Choon Lim, Soong-Nang Jang, Sun Ju Chang, Yu Mi Yi, Hye Ryung Cho, So Im Ryu, Eun-Young Noh, Yeon-Hwan Park
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Influencing factors on self-care of older adults living alone in a community during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study
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Original Articles

A Structural Equation Model of Health-Related Quality of Life among Older Women Following Bilateral Total Knee Replacement: Hyun Ok Lee, Jae Soon Yoo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):554-570. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19216

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to develop and test a structural equation model of health-related quality of life among older women following bilateral total knee replacement based on a literature review and Wilson and Cleary’s model of health-related quality of life.
Methods
One hundred ninety three women who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis, were older than 65 years, and were between 13 weeks and 12 months of having a bilateral total knee replacement were recruited from an outpatient clinic. Data were collected from July 2017 to April 2018 using a structured questionnaire and medical records. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0, AMOS 22.0, and Smart PLS 3.2.4.
Results
The fitness of the hypothetical model was good, with coefficients of determination (R² ) ranging between .28 and .75 and predictive relevance (Q² ) between .26 and .73. The standardized root mean square residual of the model fit indices for the hypothetical model was .04; which explained 64.2% of physical and 62.5% of mental health-related quality of life. Self-efficacy, symptom status, functional status, and general health perceptions had a significant direct effect on physical health-related quality of life, while social support, symptom status, and general health perceptions had a significant direct effect on participants’ mental-health-related quality of life.
Conclusion
To improve the physical and mental quality of life of older women who receive bilateral knee replacement, nursing-based intervention strategies that reduce symptoms, improve functional status, and increase health perceptions, self-efficacy, and social support are needed. The most important factor is the symptom status.

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Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life: Jin-Hee Park, Sun Hyoung Bae, Young-Mi Jung; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):487-500. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20049

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL).
Methods
The MENQOL was translated into Korean according to algorithm of linguistic validation process. A total of 308 menopausal womenwere recruited and assessed using the Korean version of MENQOL (MENQOL-K), the World Health Organization Quality of Life BriefVersion (WHOQOL-BREF), and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-K). In estimating reliability, internal consistencyreliability coefficients were calculated. Validity was evaluated through criterion validity and construct validity with confirmatory factor analysesusing SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 25.0 software.
Results
In item analyses, the “increased facial hair” symptom was excluded because of thelow contribution of MENQOL-K. The confirmatory factor analysis supported good fit and reliable scores for MENQOL-K model, and thefour-factor structure was validated (x²=553.28, p <.001, NC=1.84, RMSEA=.05, AGIF=.85, AIC=765.28). The MENQOL-K consists of 28 itemsin 4 domains, including vasomotor (3 items), psychosocial (7 items), physical (15 items), and sexual subscales (3 items). There was an acceptablecriterion validity with moderately significant correlation between MENQOL-K and WHOQOL-BREF. The Cronbach’s a for the 4subsacles ranged from .80 to .93.
Conclusion
The MENQOL-K is a valid and reliable scale to measure condition-specific quality of life forperimenopausal and postmenopausal women. It can be used to assess the impact of menopausal symptoms on the quality of life of Koreanwomen in clinical trials.

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Review Article

A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Mind-Body Therapy on Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Eun Hui Choi, Moon Ja Kim, Eun Nam Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):385-400. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19224

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Previous randomized controlled trials (RCT) found that mind-body therapy can improve the health outcomes of patients with irritablebowel syndrome (IBS). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the combined effects of mind-body therapy on patients’ IBSsymptoms, quality of life, anxiety, and depression.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using various databases such asPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL CENTRAL, DBpia, RISS, and KISS. The primary outcome variables were IBS symptoms and quality of life; the secondaryoutcome variables were anxiety and depression. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.0 was used to analyze the extracted data.The effect size was calculated using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Eleven final RCTs wereused for this meta-analysis. Mind-body therapy was found to have a significant effect on the IBS patients’ symptoms (SMD, -0.63; 95% CI,-0.77 to -0.48), quality of life (SMD, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.66), anxiety (SMD, -0.28; 95% CI, -0.47 to -0.09), and depression (SMD,-0.31; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.12).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis reveals that mind-body therapy significantly improves IBS patients’ symptoms,quality of life, anxiety, and depression. The results suggest that, in the future, appropriate mind-body therapy should be applied toKoreans suffering from IBS. Moreover, the therapy’s long-term effects should be assessed.

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Original Articles

Development and Effects of Smartphone App-Based Walking Exercise Program for Taxi Drivers: Based on Bandura’s Self Efficacy Theory: Yun Ha Choi, Min-Jeong Chae; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(2):242-254. Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.2.242

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of smart-phone app-based walking exercise programs for taxi drivers on self-efficacy and outcome expectations for exercise, health-related quality of life, walking as an exercise, and physiological indexes.
Methods
A nonequivalent control group with a pre-post-test design was used. The subjects were recruited in G metropolitan city. Subjects were assigned to the experimental (n=31) or control groups (n=30). The smart phone app-based walking exercise program consisted of educations via the app, twelve short message services, and one individual telephone counseling session, which was spread over 12 weeks.
Results
Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and health-related quality of life had significantly higher pre-post test differences in scores in the experimental group. Additionally, blood pressure, body mass index, and waist circumference had significantly decreased prepost- test difference levels in the experimental group. Walking as an exercise (which consisted of days walked, number of steps walked, and amount of time walked) had significantly increased in the experimental group after 7~12 weeks in the period following the intervention program rather than 1~6 weeks after the program.
Conclusion
The smart phone app-based walking exercise program based on the self-efficacy theory demonstrates a significant effect on improving self-efficacy, outcome expectations physical activities, and health-related quality of life for taxi drivers. Therefore, it is recommended to actively use the program as a tool to promote self-efficacy, physical activities, and health behaviors in taxi drivers.

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Applying Extended Theory of Planned Behavior for Lung Cancer Patients Undergone Pulmonary Resection: Effects on Self-Efficacy for Exercise, Physical Activities, Physical Function, and Quality of Life: Yeonjung Lim, Haejung Lee, Do Hyung Kim, Yeong Dae Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):66-80. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.66

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

This study aims to examine the effects of nursing interventions based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB) regarding self-efficacy for exercise (SEE), physical activity (PA), physical function (PF), and quality of life (QOL) in patients with lung cancer who have undergone pulmonary resection.

Methods:

This quasi-experimental study was conducted between July 2015 and June 2018 in two university-affiliated hospitals. The intervention included pre-operative patient education, goal setting (action and coping planning), and feedback (behavior intention and perceived behavioral control). The intervention group (IG) (n=51) received nursing interventions from the day before surgery to 12 months after lung resection, while the comparison group (CG) (n=36) received usual care. SEE, PA, PF (dyspnea, functional status, and 6-minute walking distance [6MWD]), and QOL were measured before surgery and at one, three, six, and 12 months after surgery. Data were analyzed using the χ² test, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, and generalized estimation equations (GEE).

Results:

There were significant differences between the two groups regarding SEE (χ²=13.53, p=.009), PA (χ²=9.51, p=.049), functional status (χ²=10.55, p=.032), and 6MWD (χ²=15.62, p=.004). Although there were no time or group effects, the QOL mental component (Z=-2.78, p=.005) of the IG was higher than that of the CG one month after surgery. Interventions did not affect dyspnea or the QOL physical component.

Conclusion

The intervention of this study was effective in improving SEE, PA, functional status, and 6MWD of lung cancer patients after lung resection. Further extended investigations that utilize ETPB are warranted to confirm these results.

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[Retracted] Dynamic Changes and Influencing Factors for the Quality of Life in Nursing Care after Lung Cancer Resection
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Factors Relating to the Quality of Care for Nursing Home Residents in Korea: Using the Delphi Method: Juh Hyun Shin, Eun Mee Kim, Ji Yeon Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(6):783-794. Published online December 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.6.783

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study identified factors related to the quality of care in nursing homes, and elicited consensus opinions from experts on nursing homes.

Methods

A Delphi questionnaire was developed based on a review of the literature using the keywords “nursing homes,” “workforce,” and “quality of care.” A total of two Delphi surveys were conducted with 14 experts. The important and urgent factors related to the quality of care for nursing home residents emerged.

Results

A consensus was achieved on the important and urgent factors relating to the quality of care. The related factors were grouped into four sections: Organizational Characteristics, Staffing Characteristics, the Long-Term Care Market and Legal and Policy Issues, and Nursing Processes. In total, 23 items were important factors and 26 items were urgent factors relating to the quality of care. In addition, the unanimous advocacy by the experts for increased hours per resident day for registered nurses (RNs, 41 minutes 59 seconds) was much higher than the current hours per resident day of RNs in Korea.

Conclusion

To provide optimal care for residents in nursing homes in Korea, the mandatory and essential placement of RNs with professional knowledge and skills is paramount.

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Public Reporting on the Quality Ratings of Nursing Homes in the Republic of Korea: Hyang Yuol Lee, Juh Hyun Shin; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(2):161-170. Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.2.161

Abstract PDF

Background

Quality ratings could provide vital information to help people in choosing a nursing home.

Purpose

This study investigated factors aligned with quality ratings of nursing homes.

Methods

We employed a cross-sectional descriptive design to assess publicly available data on 1,354 nursing homes with 30 or more beds in the Republic of Korea. After excluding 289 nursing homes with no reported quality-evaluation ratings, we analyzed the 2015 data of 1,065 nursing homes. To prevent multicollinearity among independent variables, we carefully selected the final set of variables based on clinical and theoretical meaningfulness to direct nursing care. Quality, the ordinal outcome, was scored from 1 to 5 with a higher score indicating higher quality of the organization. We constructed a multivariate ordered logistic regression model.

Results

Higher quality ratings of nursing homes was significantly related to the number of unoccupied beds (OR=0.99, p=.024), registered nurses (RNs) (OR=1.30, p=.003), qualified care workers (OR=1.03, p=.011), cognitive-improvement programs (OR=1.05, p=.024), and other programs for residents' activities (OR=1.09, p<.001).

Conclusion

The number of RNs had the strongest influence on the publicly reported quality rating, while the rating of qualified care workers demonstrated little effect and that of nursing assistants had no effect. The number of RNs could be used as a crucial indicator for high-quality homes; more resident-engaging programs also demonstrated better quality of nursing home care.

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Latent Class Analysis for Health-Related Quality of Life in the Middle-Aged Male in South Korea: Youngsuk Cho, Dong Moon Yeum; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(1):104-112. Published online February 28, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.1.104

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to identify types of quality of life (QoL) based on the 5 dimensions of EQ-5D and predict factors affecting types of QoL.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis using data from the Korean Health Panel Survey- II(2012). Participants were 2,071 middle-aged men who had completed the additional survey in 2012 and the data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and Mplus 5.21 for latent analysis.

Results

Three latent classes of QoL were identified: serious (2.4% of the sample), threatened (15.5%), and stable types (82.0%). The types and characteristics of QoL among the latent classes differed. On comparing latent type 1 with latent type 2, the socioeconomic status (p<.05), employment status (p<.05), and subjective health status (p<.001) were found to be significant. On comparing latent type 1 with latent type 3, the socioeconomic status (p<.05), current smoking status (p<.001), and subjective health status (p<.001) were found to be significant. On comparing latent type 2 with latent type 3, the socioeconomic status (p<.05), subjective health status (p<.001), stress (p<.001) were found to be significant.

Conclusion

The results showed significant heterogeneity in types of QoL and the predictors of QoL by types were different. These findings provide basic information for developing nursing interventions to improve QoL. Specific characteristics depending on the subtypes should be considered during the development of interventions.

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A Structural Model for Chemotherapy Related Cognitive Impairment and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients: Jung Ran Lee, Pok Ja Oh; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(4):375-385. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.375

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment of breast cancer patients based on a literature review and Hess and Insel's chemotherapy-related cognitive change model.

Methods

The Participants consisted of 250 patients who were ≥19 years of age. The assessment tools included the Menopause Rating Scale, Symptom Experience Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Everyday Cognition, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs.

Results

The modified model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were χ ²=423.18 (p<.001), χ ²/df=3.38, CFI=.91, NFI=.91, TLI=.89, SRMR=.05, RMSEA=.09, and AIC=515.18. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment was directly influenced by menopausal symptoms (β=.38, p=.002), depression and anxiety (β=.25, p=.002), and symptom experiences (β=.19, p=.012). These predictors explained 47.7% of the variance in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety mediated the relations among menopausal symptoms, symptom experiences, and with chemotherapy related cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety (β=-.51, p=.001), symptom experiences (β=-.27, p=.001), menopausal symptoms (β=-.22, p=.008), and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (β=-.15, p=.024) had direct effects on the quality of life and these variables explained 91.3%.

Conclusion

These results suggest that chemotherapy-related toxicity is highly associated with cognitive decline and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Depression and anxiety increased vulnerability to cognitive impairment after chemotherapy. Nursing intervention is needed to relieve chemotherapy-related toxicity and psychological factor as well as cognitive decline for quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

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Nan Wu, Ze Luan, Zijun Zhou, He Wang, Shiyuan Du, Yulu Chen, Xinxin Wang, Jiong Li, Xin Peng
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Impact of nonpharmacological interventions on cognitive impairment in women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Perceived Self-Management Support and Health-Related Quality of Life among Cancer Survivors: Bo Gyeong Lee, Tae Sook Lee, Soo Hyun Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(3):298-306. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.298

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to examine the levels of perceived self-management support, self-efficacy for self-management, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cancer survivors, and to identify the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between perceived self-management support and HRQoL.

Methods

This study used a descriptive correlational design. Two hundred and four cancer survivors who had completed treatment participated in the study. Measurements included the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care Scale, the Korean version of the Cancer Survivors’ Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple regression analysis using Baron and Kenny's method for mediation.

Results

The mean score for perceived self-management support was 3.35 out of 5 points, self-efficacy was 7.26 out of 10 points, and HRQoL was 65.90 out of 100 points. Perceived self-management support was significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy (r=.29, p<.001) and HRQoL (r=.27, p<.001). Self-efficacy was also significantly correlated with HRQoL (r=.59, p<.001). Furthermore, self-efficacy (β=.55, p<.001) had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between perceived self-management support and HRQoL (Z=3.88, p<.001).

Conclusion

The impact of perceived self-management support on HRQoL in cancer survivors was mediated by self-efficacy for self-management. This suggests that strategies for enhancing self-efficacy in cancer survivors should be considered when developing self-management interventions for improving their HRQoL.

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Soo Hyun Kim, Yu Hyeon Choe, Jingyeong Choi, Ji Young Park, Eun Yi
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Lingli Han, Ji Zhang, Jingxuan Yang, Xiaoyu Yang, Hua Bai
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The Effect of the Intergenerational Exchange Program for Older Adults and Young Children in the Community Using the Traditional Play: Min-Jung Choi, Kyeong-Yae Sohng; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(6):743-753. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.6.743

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to explore the effects of a community-based first and third Intergenerational Exchange Program (IGEP) on older adults’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL), loneliness, depression, and walking speed, and on 4~5-year-old preschool children's learning-related social skills.

Methods

This study employed a non-equivalent control group pre-post-test design. The experimental group included 42 older adults and 42 children who participated in the IGEP for 8 weeks, and the control group included 39 older adults. The experimental group participated in the IGEP once a week for 8 weeks. It comprised a traditional play program based on the intergroup contact theory.

Results

Compared to the control group, there was a significant increase in scores on the HRQoL-Visual analogue scale (VAS) and a decrease in loneliness and depression in older adults in the experimental group (p<.05). Children who participated in the IGEP showed an improvement in their learning-related social skills (p<.001).

Conclusion

These results confirm that the IGEP is an effective intervention to improve HRQoL-VAS, loneliness, and depression among older adults and learning-related social skills among preschool children in the community.

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Psychoeducational Approach to Distress Management of Newly Diagnosed Patients with Breast Cancer: Jin-Hee Park, Mison Chun, Yong Sik Jung, Sun Hyoung Bae, Young-Mi Jung; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(6):669-678. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.6.669

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of integrated psychoeducational program for distress management of newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer.

Methods

A quasi-experimental trial was conducted. The participants consisted of 47 female patients with breast cancer assigned to an intervention group (n=25) and control group (n=22). The intervention group participated in integrated psychoeducational program, consisting of individual face-to-face education and telephone-delivered health-coaching sessions. Data were collected at three time points: pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2), and 6-month follow-up (T3). Study instruments were Distress thermometer, Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form 34 and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast.

Results

Compared with the control group, breast cancer patients in the intervention group reported lower distress and supportive care needs than the control group. The intervention group reported higher quality of life (QOL) overall and higher emotional well-being than the control group.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that the integrated psychoeducational program is an effective intervention for reducing distress and supportive care needs and increasing QOL of newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer. Oncology nurses need to provide psychoeducational intervention to support patients with breast cancer in managing their distress and helping them adjust to their life.

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Young-Hee Je, Kyoung-Ah Kang
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Su-Jin Seo, Ju-Hee Nho, Youngsam Park
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Hee Sang Yoon, Eun A Hwang
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Songül Kamışlı, Bahar Gökler
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Kavitha Konnakkaparambil Ramakrishnan, Sreekumar Damodaran
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Structural Equation Model of Health-Related Quality of Life in School Age Children with Asthma: Yunsoo Kim, Ho Ran Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(1):96-108. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.1.96

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model of the quality of life of school-age children with asthma based on the health-related quality of life model by Wilson and Cleary.

Methods

Data were collected from 205 pairs of pediatric outpatients diagnosed with asthma and their parents in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from July 2016 to April 2017. The exogenous variables were asthma knowledge, number of accompanying allergic diseases, and social support. The endogenous variables were asthma self-efficacy, asthma symptom control, perceived health status, parental quality of life, and children's quality of life. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed.

Results

Eighteen of the twenty-four hypotheses selected for the hypothetical model were attentive and supported statistically. Quality of life was explained by asthma self-efficacy, asthma symptom control, perceived health, parental quality of life, and asthma knowledge with 83.5%.

Conclusion

Strategies for promoting self-efficacy and enforcing asthma knowledge will be helpful for the improvement of health-related quality of life with school-aged asthmatic children.

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Nilay Çalışkan, Şeyma Genç, Güler Yıldırım, Hamit Bologur, Hilal Güngör, Merve Karaca Şahin, Muhammed Fatih Erbay, Şefika İlknur Kökcü Karadağ, Özlem Terzi, Deniz Özçeker
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Amaia Merino-Hernández, Agustin Muñoz-Cutillas, Cristina Ramos-Navarro, Sara Bellón-Alonso, Juan Luis Rodríguez-Cimadevilla, Noelia González-Pacheco, Manuel Sánchez-Luna
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Impact of Uncertainty on the Quality of Life of Young Breast Cancer Patients: Focusing on Mediating Effect of Marital Intimacy: Yeong Kyong Oh, Seon Young Hwang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(1):50-58. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.1.50

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of marital intimacy on the impact of uncertainty on the quality of life (QoL) of young breast cancer patients.

Methods

This study used a pathway analysis with 154 young breast cancer cases in their early diagnosis stage at a medical center in Korea. Data were collected from November 2016 to February 2017 and analyzed using correlation analysis and pathway analysis.

Results

Uncertainty, marital intimacy, and 4 sub-scales of QoL showed a significant correlation. Marital intimacy was directly affected by uncertainty (b=-.39, p=.013) and 4 sub-scales of QoL were also affected by uncertainty. Among the 4 sub-scales of QoL, physical well-being (PWB) (b=.17, p=.026), social well-being (SWB) (b=.49, p=.010), and functional well-being (FWB) (b=.38, p=.009) were affected by marital intimacy but emotional well-being (EWB) was not affected by it. The mediating effect of marital intimacy on the impact of uncertainty on QoL was confirmed. Marital intimacy showed a significant indirect effect on PWB (b=-.07, p=.024), SWB (b=-.19, p=.008), and FWB (b=-.15, p=.005), and it means that marital intimacy has a partial mediating effect on the impact of uncertainty on PWB, SWB, and FWB.

Conclusion

Effects of uncertainty on QoL was mediated by marital intimacy of young breast cancer patients in their early diagnosis stage. It suggests that marital intimacy needs to be considered in providing nursing intervention for young breast cancer patients.

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Development of an Instrument to Assess the Quality of Childbirth Care from the Mother's Perspective: Geum Hee Jeong, Hyun Kyoung Kim, Young Hee Kim, Sun-Hee Kim, Sun Hee Lee, Kyung Won Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(1):38-49. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.1.38

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to develop an instrument to assess the quality of childbirth care from the perspective of a mother after delivery.

Methods

The instrument was developed from a literature review, interviews, and item validation. Thirty-eight items were compiled for the instrument. The data for validity and reliability testing were collected using a questionnaire survey conducted on 270 women who had undergone normal vaginal delivery in Korea and analyzed with descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability coefficients.

Results

The exploratory factor analysis reduced the number of items in the instrument to 28 items that were factored into four subscales: family-centered care, personal care, emotional empowerment, and information provision. With respect to convergence validation, there was positive correlation between this instrument and birth satisfaction scale (r=.34, p<.001). The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha =.96).

Conclusion

This instrument could be used as a measure of the quality of nursing care for women who have a normal vaginal delivery.

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So Yeon Yoo, Yae Young Kim, Haeryun Cho
Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(4): 373. CrossRef

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Effects of Active Mandibular Exercise for Mouth Opening Limitation Patients after Maxillomandibular Fixation Release: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial: Hyo Jin Jang, Myung Hee Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(1):26-37. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.1.26

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of active mandibular exercise (AME) in patients with limited mouth opening after maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) release.

Methods

The study used a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group and a pre test-post test design. Sixty-two patients with Maxillomandibular Fixation Release were assigned to the experimental (n=31) or control group (n=31). The AME was performed in the experimental group for 4 weeks. The exercise AME consisted of maximal mouth opening, lateral excursion and protrusive movement. These movements were repeated ten times a day. After the final exercise of the day, the number of tongue blades used for mouth opening was noted. The effect of AME was evaluated after MMF release at different time intervals: a) immediately, b) after 1 week, c) after 2 weeks, d) after 4 weeks, and e) after 12 weeks. The exercise was assessed using the following criteria: a) mandibular movements, b) pain scores associated with maximal mouth opening, c) discomfort scores associated with range of movement, and d) daily life activities that involve opening the mouth.

Results

The experimental group showed significant improvement regarding the range of mandibular movements (maximal mouth opening (F=23.60, p<.001), lateral excursion to the right side (F=5.25, p=.002), lateral excursion to the left side (F=5.97, p=.001), protrusive movement (F=5.51, p=.001)), pain score (F=39.59, p<.001), discomfort score (F=9.38, p<.001). Daily life activities that involve opening the mouth were more favorable compared to those in the control group.

Conclusion

The AME in patients after MMF release is helpful for increasing mandibular movement range, decreasing pain and discomfort, and improving day life activities that involve opening the mouth. Therefore, AME is highly recommended as an effective nursing intervention.

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Hyo-Jin Jang, Jae-Min Song, Yong-Il Kim, Sung-Hun Kim, Seong-Sik Kim, Youn-Kyung Choi
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The Effects of Mobile Social Networking Service-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Insomnia in Nurses: Ji Eun Kim, Suk-Sun Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(4):476-487. Published online August 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.4.476

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to examine the effects of cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) based on the mobile social networking service (SNS) on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depression, and quality of life among rotating-shift nurses in a hospital in Korea.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The participants included 55 nurses with rotating three-shift work (25 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group). For the experimental group, CBT-I using mobile SNS was provided once a week for 60 minutes over six weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ²-test, independent samples t-test, and Mann-whitney U test with the SPSS 21.0 program.

Results

In the homogeneity test of the general characteristics and study variables, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Nurses in the experimental group had significantly lower scores on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes regarding sleep and sleepiness than nurses in the control group. Nurses in the experimental group had significantly higher scores on sleep quality and quality of life than nurses in the control group.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that using the mobile SNS-based CBT-I is feasible and has significant and positive treatment-related effects on rotating-shift nurses' irrational thoughts and beliefs in association with sleep, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life. These contribute to expanding our knowledge of rotating-shift nurses' sleep issues and their preferences for intervention.

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Sook Kyoung Park, Eun Ju Song, Keun Young Park
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Seul-Ki Park, Kyoung-Sook Lee
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Bo Min Jeon, Su Hyun Kim, Seung Hwa Shin
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In Gyu Yoo
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Zainab Alimoradi, Elahe Jafari, Anders Broström, Maurice M. Ohayon, Chung-Ying Lin, Mark D. Griffiths, Kerstin Blom, Susanna Jernelöv, Viktor Kaldo, Amir H. Pakpour
Sleep Medicine Reviews.2022; 64: 101646. CrossRef
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Seunghwa Shin, SuHyun Kim
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2021; 30(21-22): 3182. CrossRef
Sleep quality among shift-work nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jiwon Kang, Wonjung Noh, Youngjin Lee
Applied Nursing Research.2020; 52: 151227. CrossRef

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Correlational Study on Management of Menopause, Marital Satisfaction, and Quality of Life in Middle-aged Women: Jung Hee Yeo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(2):261-269. Published online April 6, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.2.261

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to examine the correlations among management of menopause, marital satisfaction, and quality of life in middle-aged women.

Method

The sample was 158 middle-aged women who were 40-64 years. Data were collected from June 14 to July 10, 2003 using questionnaires and were analyzed by using the SPSS 10.0 PC+ program.

Result

The level of marital satisfaction was related positively to the level of quality of life(r=.504, p<.01) and management of menopause(r=.315, p<.01). In addition, there were significant correlations between the level of quality of life and management of menopause(r=.251, <.01). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, 25.9% of the variance in quality of life was explained by marital satisfaction.

Conclusion

Marital satisfaction and management of menopause serve to improve the quality of life of middle-aged women. It is necessary to develop an effective intervention program to improve marital satisfaction and management of menopause.

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Hee-Kyung Kim, Hye-Suk Oh
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Seon Hye Woo, Jung Min Kim, Han Sol Jo
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Eunyoung Hong, Young Sil Kang
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Professional Nursing Quality Assurance: Hea Sook Kim; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1992;22(2):248-259. Published online March 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1992.22.2.248

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Predicting Quality of Life in People with Cancer: Pok Ja Oh; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(4):901-911. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.4.901

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote quality of life in cancer patients. Therefore the study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of perceived health status, self-esteem, health locus of control, self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility/severity, health promoting behaviors, and hope for quality of life. The sample was composed of 164 stomach cancer patients who visited outpatient clinics at a university hospital in Seoul. The following instruments were used in the study after some adaptation : Lawstone and others' Health Self-rating Scale, Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale, Wallston and others' Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, Sherer and Maddux's Self-efficacy Scale, Moon's Health Beliefs Scale, Welker and others' Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Nowotney's Hope scale and Noh's Quality of Life Scale. Data were analyzed using a SAS program for Pearson correlation coefficients descriptive correlational statistics and stepwise multiple regression. The results are as follows : 1. The scores on the quality of life scale ranged from 115 to 243 with a mean of 177.84(SD : 25.35). The mean scores(range 1-5) on the different dimensions were : emotional state 3.37 ; economic life 3.47 ; physical state and function 3.52 ; self-esteem 3.66 ; relationship with neighbors 3.73 ; family relationships 3.80. 2. There was a significant correlation between all the predictive variables and the quality of life(r=.20 -.65, p<.01). 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that : 1) Self-esteem was the main predictor of quality of life and accounted from 46.9% of the variance in quality of life. 2) Perceived health status, hope and perceived susceptibility/severity accounted for 11.8%, 8.3%, 1.5% of the variance in quality of life respectively. 3) Self-esteem, perceived health status, hope and perceived susceptibility/severity combined accounted for 68.5% of the variance in quality of life. In conclusion, self-esteem, perceived health status, hope and perceived susceptibility / severity were identified as important variables in the quality of life of cancer patients.

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Effects of denture use on the quality of life of cancer patients over 40 years of age: The 6th-7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2018)
A-Jung Lee, Mi-Ra Lee, Min-Kyung Kang
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Sung-Eun Choi, N. Eun-Sil Kang
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A Study on Self-esteem, Coping Type and the Quality of Life in Mothers of Handicapped Children: Mi Kyung Sim; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(3):673-682. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.3.673

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life(QOL) and between coping type and quality of life (QOL) in mothers of handicapped children and further to identify the level of self-esteem and quality of life of the subjects. The subjects of this study were the 51 mothers of handicapped children who were registered in two special schools in Taejon. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the period of the data collection was from April 18th to May 26th, 1997. The instruments for this study were Resenberg's self-esteem scale, Folkman and Lazarus's Ways of Coping Checklist(WCC) and the quality of life scale designed by Ro, You Ja. The results were analyzed using SPSS/PC+. Data analysis included the descriptive correlational statistics of ANOVA, Pearson Correlational Coefficient, and t-test. The results are as follows : 1. The level of self-esteem showed a mean score 34.51 and the level of QOL, a mean score 137.55. An Active type of coping was used more often than a passive one. 2. The level of self-esteem differed according to monthly income and was significantly higher in mothers of children with acquired handicaps than those of children with congenital handicaps. The level of QOL differed according to monthly income. 3. There was positive correlation between health status and self-esteem(r=.355, p<.05), and between health status and QOL(r=.367, p<.01). 4. Test for hypothesis ; Hypothesis 1, "The higher the level of self-esteem in mothers of handicapped children, the higher their level of quality of life will be." was supported(r=.755, p<.001). Hypothesis 2, "The QOL level for the active coping group as compared to the passive coping group will be higher." was not supported.

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Effects of a Program to Promote Self-Efficacy and Hope on the Self: Care Behaviors and the Quality of Life in Patients with Leukemia: Pok Ja Oh, Eun Ok Lee, Young Sook Tae, Dong Choon Um; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(3):627-638. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.3.627

Abstract PDF

Most patients having leukemia suffer severely from emotional turmoil due to the generalized perception that cancer will be fatal. The conventional chemotherapy results in side effects such as severe bone marrow depression which interfere with self-care management, vital for improvement in their condition. Bandura's theory of the self-efficacy suggests that self-efficacy can be enforced by performance attainments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion and the release of emotional arousal. Self-efficacy can be enforced by a program of vicarious experiences and verbal persuasion, while the emotional arousal can be relieved through a hope promotion program. If once self-efficacy increases, the patient's self-care behaviors and the quality of life will also increase. The purpose of this study was to empirically test the effects of a program, to promote self-efficacy and hope, on self-care behaviors and quality of life in patients having leukemia. In this study, three types of approaches to enhance self-efficacy and hope were used : 1) a 20-minute long slide/tape for vagarious experiences ; 2) a 10-minute long telephone call coaching for verbal persuasion ; and 3)two booklets for information about the symptoms of leukemia and treatment modalities and hope promotion. Thirsty one patients were recruited in the experimental group and 29 in the control group with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest design. The subjects were patients with leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Sherer and Maddux's self-efficacy scale, Nowotny's hope scale, and Padilla's quality of life scale were employed with some modifications. A self-care behavior scale was developed by the researchers. Statistical analyses including paired t-test, Chi-square, ANCOVA and ANOVA, were used. The results are as follows : The levels of self-efficacy, self-care behavior and quality of life were higher in the experimental group than in the control group after four weeks of intervention(F=28.71, P=.0001 ; F=63.35, P=.0001 ; F=16.57, P=.0001). After ten weeks of intervention, all of the dependent variables(self-efficacy, self-care behavior, hope and quality of life) in the experimental group were higher than in the control group(F=74.12, P=.0001 ; F=108.34, P=.0001 ; F=13.11, P=.001 ; F=43.52, P=.0001). In conclusion, self-care behavior and quality of life increased mainly through an increase an increase in self-efficacy, while increases in hope took more time and effort.

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Yoon Sun Kim, Young Sook Tae, Kwuy-Im Jung
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A Structural Model for Quality of Life in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Hyun Soo Oh, Young Ran Kim; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(3):614-626. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.3.614

Abstract PDF

The main purposes of the study were to develop and test a model which explains the dynamic relationship among factors reported as affecting to the quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and to examine the relationship between self-help response and quality of life. Data for the study were collected from March 1996 to December 1996 from 153 female patients who regularly visited a clinic for people with rheumatism. The Patients were introduced to the investigators by nurses who worked at that clinic, and then the investigator interviewed the patients for 30 to 40 minutes to collect the data. Instruments used in the study were modified self-report questionnaires from the ones which were already developed in previous studies of from related literature. Data analysis were performed using LISREL(Lineal Structural Relations) 8 Program to test whether the proposed hypothesized model fit the collected data. To test fitablity of the hypothesized model both a general fit measure and a detailed fit measure were used. Based on the test results from the various fit measures, the hypothesized model was found to be well suited to the real data. As characteristics related to illness becomes severe, the feasibility for uncertainty about the illness tend to increase, but, the direct effects from the illness characteristics(such as level of physical symptoms, sense of social-psychologic change, limitations of action) as they are related to the other intrinsic variables(self-efficacy or self-help behavior and quality of life), were found to be not significant. It was found that uncertainty had a direct effect on self-efficacy but did not have a direct effect on self-help behavior or quality of life. Also, it is noted that self-efficacy had a positive effect on self-help behavior and quality of life and there was a bilateral relationship between self-efficacy and self-help behavior. Lastly, the hypothesis proposed from the theoretical model in this study was supported basis of the results that self-help behavior provides both direct and positive effects to quality of life. Particularity, since a bilateral relationship was also found between self-help behavior and quality of life in the modified model, as self-help behavior increased, so did quality of life. And, reversely, as quality of life increased, so did self-help behavior. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that focusing on both acquirement and reinforcement of adjustment factors or self-help behavior is more efficient than focusing on the characteristics of illness in establishing the strategies for improving quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.

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Bukyung Kim, Mi-Hae Sung
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2012; 42(3): 434. CrossRef

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Changes in Fatigue and the Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy: Eun Sook Lee, Jucia Jo; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(3):489-502. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.3.489

Abstract PDF: Quality of life(QOL) and fatigue in cancer patients receiving the radiotherapy was assessed. The subjects were 46 cancer patients who daily attended the radiotherapy department. Assessment was done on four occasions ; the first assessment was done on the treatment simulation visit, the second one was four week after treatment started, the third one at the completion of treatment and the last assessment was done between six and eight week following treatment. The results are as follows : The fatigue scores of the patients at each stage of assessment ranged from 5.49 points to 7.67 points and highest score was recorded at the third assessment hat is, at the completion of treatment. The fatigue points showed an increase from the 1st. to 3rd. stage. However, at the 4th. stage, fatigue points decreased to the level at the first stage, fatigue points decreased to the level at the first stage of assessment. QOL were assessed in three areas namely, physical, emotional and social/functional. The QOL scores in the physical area showed the highest score, followed by social/functional and emotional areas. The QOL scores decreased gradually to the third. stage of assessment thereafter recovered to the level of the first. stage. Correlation between QOL and fatigue scores during the treatment indicated that the level of QOL decreased as the level of fatigue increased. In particular, fatigue persisted after completion of the treatment and showed a significantly negative correlation with QOL. The present study strongly suggests that a strategy to restore the emotional well being level of the patient should be devised in order to improve QOL and reduce fatigue of patients receiving radiotherapy.

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A Study, on the Quality, of Life, Family, Support and Hope of Hospitalized and Home Care Cancer Patients: Kae Wha Jo, Myung Ja Kim; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(2):353-363. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.2.353

Abstract PDF

With the occurrence of cancer, most cancer patients experience various emotional changes such as anxiety, depression, and emotional shock. Especially in our country, cancer has been recognized as an incurable disease resulting in death. The number of cancer patients increases daily. But as the survival rate of cancer patients is also increasing, there is a need to find the better methods of nursing care for cancer patients. The purposes of this paper are as follows : 1) To understand family support and hope and quality of life for the cancer patient both during hospitalization and at home. 2) To determine the relationship between family support, hope and quality of life. To examine the problems, we used a questionnaire and obtained data form the records of 45 home care and 94 hospitalized(in 3 university hospitals) Patients in Taegu area from the period of June 15 to August 15, 1996. SPSS /PC was used for the data analysis and the statistical methods used were the T-test and ANOVA. The results of this paper are as follow : 1 ) In the aspect of family support, there is no difference between hospitalized and home care cancer patients(t=1.63, P>0.01 ). 2) In the aspect of hope, hospitalized cancer patients have a higher score than home care cancer patients (t=3.08, P>0.01 ) 3) In the aspect of quality of life, hospitalized cancer patients have a higher score than home care patients(t=2.96, P<.01). 4) There is a correlation between quality of life and hope with a correlation coefficient r=0.5199 and P=0.000. In addition. the correlation coefficient between quality of life and family support is 4179 with P =0.000. 5) The family support of the cancer patient is influenced by sex(F=9.1863, P<0.01), education(F=4.3641, P<0.01) and the level of life (F=5.5002, P<0.01 ). 6) The hope of cancer patients is influenced by the number of hospitalizations (F=3.6413, P<.05), education(F=B.01 13, P<.01 ) and the level of life (F=5.0649, P <.01 ). 7) The quality of life of cancer patients is influenced by the number of hospitalization( F=5.1167, P<0.05), education( F=3.1590, P<0.01 ) and the level of life (F=5.6942, P<1.01 ).

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Min Jung Kim, Min Sung Kim
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In Sun Suh, Mi Hwa Shin, Se Hwa Hong
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2010; 13(2): 89. CrossRef

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A Structural Model for Health Promotion and Quality of Life in People with Cancer: Pok Ja Oh; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1996;26(3):632-652. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1996.26.3.632

Abstract PDF

It has been noted that a genetic alteration of cells influenced by unhealthy lifestyle in addition to a series of other carcinogens increases the incidence of various neoplasmic diseases. Therefore the importance of a lifestyle that minimizes such an impact on health should be emphasized. Since stomach cancer, the most common neoplasmic disease in Korea, is related to personal lifestyle and as there is a possibility of its recurrence, patients with stomach cancer need to lead a healthy lifestyle. Also the quality of life which patients experience is negatively affected by the side effects of treatments and the possibility of recurrence. Therefore an effective nursing intervention to enhance quality of life and encourage healthy lifestyle is needed. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote health and thus enhance quality of life. A hypothetical model for this purpose was constructed based on Pender's Health Promotion Model and Becker's Health Belief Model, with the inclusion of some influential factors such as hope for quality of life and health promoting behavior. The aims of study were to: 1) evaluate the effectiveness of patient's cognitive-perceptual factors on health promoting behaviors and quality of life; 2) examine the causal relationships among perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived susceptibility and severity, internal locus of control, perceived health status, hope, health concept, self efficacy, self esteem, health promoting behaviors and quality of life; 3) build and test a global hypothetical model. The subjects for this study were 164 patients who were being treated for stomach cancer were approached in the outpatient clinic on a University Hospital. The data from the completed questionnaires were analyzed using Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL). The results of research are as follows: 1) Hypothetical model and the modified model showed a good fit to the empirical data, revealing considerable explanational power for health promoting behaviors(54.9%) and quality of life(87.6%) 2) Self efficacy and hope had significant effects on health promoting behaviors. Of these, hope was affected indirectly through self efficacy and self esteem. 3) Perceived health status, hope and self esteem had significant direct effect on the quality of life. Of these variables, perceived health status was the most essential factor affecting general satisfaction in life. 4) Self-efficacy, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived benifit and hope. 5) Self-esteem, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived health status and hope. 6) Hope was the main variable affecting self efficacy, self esteem, health promoting behaviors and quality of life. The derived model in this study could effectively be used as a reference model for further study and could suggests a direction for nursing practices.

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An Effect of Muscle Strengthening Exercise Program on Muscle Strength, Pain, Depression, Self-efficacy, and Quality of Life of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Mi Ra Lee; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1996;26(3):556-575. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1996.26.3.556

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In an attempt to investigate the effect of a muscle strengthening exercise program on muscle strength, pain, depression, self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis, a pre-experiment, one group pre-test and post-test design, was planned. Muscle strengthening exercise was carried out from May 22 through August 14, 1995 at isokinetic exercise room in rehabilitation department of University Hospital in Taejon. The subjects were seven female clients conveniently sampled from University Hospital located in Taejon, between 39 and 61 years of age, who had a osteoarthritis in knee. Muscle strengthening exercise program was composed of three sessions per week, one isokinetic exercise at angular velocity of 60degrees and 180degrees with Cybex isokinetic dynamometer and two resistance home exercise sessions with elastic band. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentage of change, Friedman test, Duncan test using SAS program. Results were obtained as follows: 1) Flexion and extension muscle strength at angular velocity of 60degrees and 180degrees were increased after 12weeks' exercise than those of before experiment. But exept flexion muscle strength at angular velocity of 180degrees (F=3.34, P=0.0261), there was no statistically significant difference among muscle strengths, which is measured every 3 weeks. 2) Pain was decreased after 6weeks' exercise than that of before experiment, and after 12weeks' exercise than that of 6weeks' exercise. There was statistically significant difference(F=4.28, P= 0.0396). 3) Depression was increased after 6weeks' exercise than that of before experiment, and after 12weeks' execise than that of 6weeks' exercise. There was no statistically significant difference between before experiment and after 6weeks' exercise. But, there was statistically significant difference between after 6weeks' exercise and 12weeks' exercise (F=9.38, P=0.0035). 4) Self-efficacy was decreased after 6weeks' exercise than that of before exercise. But, it was increased after 12weeks' exercise than that of before exercise and after 6weeks' exercise. But there was no statistically significant difference (F=1.46, P=0.2706). 5) Quality of life was increased after Gweeks' exercise than that of before exercise, and after 6weeks' exercise than that of 12weeks' exercise. But there was no statistically significant differ-ence(F=1.06, P=0.3816). Thus, the significant of muscle strengthening exercise for the improvement of muscle strength, pain, depression, is verified. But, this study was a preexperiment with small size subjects. So, controlled experimental study is necessary to determine the effect of this muscle strengthening exercise program on muscle strength, pain, depression, self-efficacy, and quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

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Factors Influencing on Quality of Life in Aged Women with Chronic Pain: Jung Tae Son, Sun Rim Suh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):735-742. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.735

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PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the pain characteristics, family support and physical functioning and to determine predictors of the quality of life in aged women with chronic pain. METHOD: The questionnaires were collected through direct interview by a trained research assistant from July 2 to August 24, 2001. Subjects were 108 women clients with chronic pain over 65 years of age. Data analyzed frequency, percentage, mean, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression by SAS. RESULT: Care providers were mostly spouses and daughters in law. Care providers who took care of elderly for a few hours a day had the highest percentile. Aged women had persistently had chronic pain of moderate intensity and was moderately satisfied with pain management. The mean score of disability due to pain was 3 on a 10 point scale. The mean scores of physical function and quality of life were moderate and there were negative correlations between pain characteristics, physical functioning, and quality of life at the range from r=-.46 to r=-.83. Satisfaction with care, duration of pain, disability due to pain, and physical functioning accounted for 56% of the variance in perceived quality of life for aged women with chronic pain. Disability due to pain was the most predictable variable of quality of life and physical function was the second . CONCLUSION: The results suggest that care by family, education in pain control, prevention of disability, and maintenance of physical function are important to improve and maintain quality of life in aged women with chronic pain. Therefore, there is a need for program development that enhance family support and nursing intervention that focuses on active pain control.

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A Study of Quality of Life in Middle-aged Men: Young Whee Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(4):539-549. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.4.539

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PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to examine the degree of quality of life and to analyze the factors affecting those quality of life in middle-aged men. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 208 men aged by 35-55 from 3 business enterprises located in Seoul and Incheon. Data collection was conducted through the use of 5 questionnaire. RESULT: There were significant differences in the quality of life according to marital status, religion, educational level, number of children and total house income. A positive correlation was found between quality of life and all independent variables i.e., health promoting behaviors, health perception, social support, self-esteem and self-efficacy. Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was self-esteem. Self- esteem, health perception, health promoting behaviors, marriage, and social support accounted for 65% of the variance in quality of life in middle-aged men. CONCLUSION: All independent variables i.e., health promoting behaviors, health perception, social support, self-esteem and self-efficacy were related with quality of life in middle-aged men. Therefore it is necessary to develop the nursing intervention with these variables to increase the quality of life for middle-aged men.

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A study of the Nursing Service Quality and Satisfaction that Admitted Patients Perceived: being used SERVQUAL: Mi Aie Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(4):506-518. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.4.506

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PURPOSE: This study was performed to measure the nursing service quality being used SERVQUAL model and satisfaction that the admitted patients perceived. METHOD: The questionnaire founded on the SERVQUAL was developed and distributed to 300 patients at the three general hospitals in three provincial city, Korea. For data analysis, Cronbach's alpha frequencies, percentages, paired t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used. RESULT: In expectation, patients most highly perceived the assurance factor that was one among the 5 factors being constituted nursing service. In performance, patients most highly perceived the responsiveness factor. The performance degrees of the 5 factors and 20 attributes being constituted nursing service did not exceed the expectation degree of those. So the calculated figures for nursing service quality of the three subjected hospitals were all minus. In relation of the patients' demographics and nursing service characteristics to their general satisfaction, patients' sex, age, income and the all factors and attributes of nursing service had relation to their general satisfaction. CONCLUSION: It could be concluded that the nursing service quality of the three subjected hospitals was poor and the patients' demographic and nursing service characteristics had relation to their general satisfaction.

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The Trajectory of Fatigue and Quality of Life in Stomach Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: Young Hee Yang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(4):482-491. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.4.482

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PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the change patterns of fatigue and quality of life during consecutive chemotherapies and to determine the relationship of these two variables. METHOD: Stomach cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were recruited from a university hospital in Seoul. Each chemotherapy, subjects were asked to respond to the questionnaires regarding their fatigue and quality of life. The number of subjects who completed 4 cycles and over was 11. Fatigue was measured with Lee's tool(1999). Quality of life was measured with a tool revised by the author based on Padilla et al(1983). RESULT: Most patients were in 1st stage(5 patients) or 3rd stage(5 patients). Fatigue was revealed at its highest level in the 3rd or 4th chemotherapy and at its lowest level in the 1st or 6th chemotherapy. A quality of life appeared at its highest level in the 5th or 6th chemotherapy and the lowest level in 3rd or 4th chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Among 6 cycles of chemotherapy, in 3-4th chemotherapy the fatigue was the highest and the quality of life were the lowest. Many patients decided to stop treatment at the same period. Therefore we can recognize cancer patients receiving chemo- therapy are in the highest risk at the time of the 3-4 th chemotherapy.

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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 649. CrossRef

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A Study on Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life in Schizophrenic Patients: Eun Sun Rho, Hye Jin Kwon, Eun Jung Ryu; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(5):912-920. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.5.912

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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation that exists between quality of life and self-efficacy of schizophrenic patients, focusing on the influence of related factors on these varables. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 151 schizophrenic patients. The data were collected using questionnaires. The instruments used for this study were the general self-efficacy scale developed by Sherer & Maddex (1982), the specific self-efficacy scale modified and complemented by these co-researchers on the basis of the past studies and modified SIP by Voruganti (1996). The period of data collection was from July. 2000 to Jan. 2001. Data analysis was done by SPSS, t-test, ANOVA and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. RESULT: 1. The level of self-efficacy showed a mean score of 60.0 and the level of quality of life, a mean score of 47.0. 2. The general characteristics affecting the self-efficacy of schizophrenic patients were staying with family (p=0.05) and employment (p=0.00). 3. The general characteristics affecting the quality of life of schizophrenic patients were staying with family (p=0.04), employment (p=0.05) and duration of illness (0.03). 4. A positive correlation was identified between self-efficacy and quality of life (r=-0.469, p=0.000). CONCLUSION: The study suggests that nursing intervention strategy should be worked out to develop a psychiatric rehabilitation program that can promote self-efficacy and thus enhance the quality of life of schizophrenic patients.

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Yun Bock Kwak, Ji Young Kim
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Hyun Sook Park, Sung-Woo Bae, Yi Young Kim
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A Study of the Perception Gap on Nursing Service between Consumers and Providers: Mi Aie Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(5):871-884. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.5.871

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: this study was to investigate the perception gap on nursing service between consumers and providers.
METHOD
the questionnaire founded on the SERVQUAL was developed and distributed to 300 patients and 210 nurses at the three subjected general hospitals in three provincial city, Korea during February to March, 2001. For data analysis, Cronbachs' Alpha, frequency, t-test, and paired t-test were used.
RESULT
1. In the gap analysis on the 20 properties constituting nursing service, providers almost all perceived higher than consumer in quality. Among them, the number of properties being statistically significant was 7 in the expectation, 18 in the important and 7 in the performance. 2. In the comparison analysis of the perception gap on the expectation-performance and the important-performance, it turned out that the subjected hospitals had to improve their equipment and facilities immediately. It was suggested a good strategy to strengthen the responsiveness factor and the assurance factor of nursing service.
CONCLUSION
it could be concluded that nurses have to recognize the blind spot of their perception and endeavor to take away the perception gap between consumers and providers.

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Nursing Intensive‐Care Satisfaction Scale [NICSS]: Development and validation of a patient‐centred instrument
Marta Romero‐García, Laura de la Cueva‐Ariza, Llucia Benito‐Aracil, Teresa Lluch‐Canut, Joan Trujols‐Albet, Maria Antonia Martínez‐Momblan, Maria‐Eulàlia Juvé‐Udina, Pilar Delgado‐Hito
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2018; 74(6): 1423. CrossRef
Person-centered Care and Nursing Service Quality of Nurses in Long-term Care Hospitals
Hae Sagong, Ga Eon Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(4): 309. CrossRef
A comparative study of patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of the quality of nursing services, satisfaction and intent to revisit the hospital: A questionnaire survey
Mi Aie Lee, Young-Hee Yom
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2007; 44(4): 545. CrossRef

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Correlations Among the Stroke Patient Family's Health Status, Burden and of Life: Kyung Ho Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(4):669-680. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.4.669

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study is used to investigate the correlation among a stroke patient family's health, burden and quality of life.
METHOD
Data was collected from one hundred twenty family care-givers registered at K and H Hospital in Seoul. Questionnaire data was drawn up by personal interviews aided by the staff nurses. The analyses of collected data are based on the rate of 100 percentage to the average, t-test, ANOVA, DMR, Pearson Correlation.
RESULT
(1) The influential factors on physical health proved to be age, sex, academic career, matrimonial status, present occupation, economic situation, the relationship with the patient, the patient-caring term, and the family-formation. The psychological health issues were age, final academic career, matrimonial status, the relation with patient and the family-formation. Burdens were shown to be age, matrimonial status, the relation with patient, and the patient-caring term. The quality of life was determined by age, final academic career, matrimonial status, and the relationship with the patient, the patient-caring term, and the family-formation. (2) The rate of the physical condition was 2.87, the psychological condition 2.43, the sense of burden 3.08, and the quality of life was 2.42. (3) The rate of correlation between the burden and the quality of life was (r=−.547), the psychological health and the burden was (r=−.531), the physical health and the burden was (r=−.263), physical health and quality of life was (r=.301), psychological health, and quality of life was (r=.413).
CONCLUSION
It follows from this study that there is a very close correlation among the stroke patient family's health, the burden, and quality of life. Therefore it is necessary that we should find various nursing intervention ways in order to mitigate the burden of family when caring for the stroke patients.

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Factors Influencing the Quality of Life of Caregiver using Day Care Service
Hyun Jeong No, Yeon Hee Choi
Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2013; 19(1): 1. CrossRef
The Lived Experience of Struggling against Illness for Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Sung Ye Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(6): 802. CrossRef
A Study of Care Burden, Burnout, and Quality of Life among Family Caregivers for the Elderly
Kyung-Bock Joo, Kwuy-Bun Kim
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2008; 14(4): 278. CrossRef

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Content Analysis of Quality Nursing Care Perceived by Nurses: Sung Bok Kwon, Sung Ai Chi, Kyoung Sun Back, Su Ok Yu, Sook Nam Ju, Bok Ja Kim, Hye Sook Lee, Ok Hee Ann; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(3):380-390. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.3.380

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was designed to explore the perceptions of quality nursing care among nurses.
METHOD
The data were analyzed using content analysis. The data were collected from 19 nurses who worked at diverse clinical areas in 8 general and university hospitals with over 400 beds. RESULT: 1. The attributes of quality nursing care were categorized into 7 hierarchies in the order of 'caring' (40.65%), 'specialty' (29.03%), 'nurse attainments' (15.48%), 'patient- centered nursing management' (6.45%), 'sincerity' (5.16%), 'kindness' (2.58%), 'satisfaction' (0.65%). 2. The concept of quality nursing care were defined as 'giving a satisfaction both to patients and nurses through patient-centered nursing management with specialty and caring in the ground of the kindness and sincerity'. CONCLUSION: Based on there findings, we suggest that the study results should be used for development of a quality assurance tool in nursing practice, patient care in hospital setting, education of nurses and nursing students. In addition, further repeated studies need to be conducted.

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Go-Un Kim, Eunyoung Jung, Mikyeong Cho, Soo Y. Han, Mira Jang, Mikyung Lee, Sumi Lee, Yujin Suh, Hye Y. Yun, Sue Kim, Mi So Shim
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Miyoung Choi, Kyungsook Bang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2010; 40(6): 757. CrossRef

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A Structural Model Based on Pender's Model for Quality of Life of Chronic Gastric Disease: Eun Sook Park, So In Kim, Pyoung Sook Lee, Soon Yong Khim, Sook Ja Lee, Young Joo Park, Ho Shin Ryu, Sung Ok Chang, Kuem Sun Han; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(1):107-125. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.1.107

Abstract PDF

This study was designed to construct a structural model for quality of life of chronic gastric disease. The hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review and Pender's health promotion model. Data were collected by questionnaires from 459 patients with chronic gastric disease in a General Hospital from July 1999 to August 2000 in Seoul. Data analysis was done with SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL 8.13 Program for Covariance structural analysis. The results are as follows : 1. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, thus it was modified by excluding 1 path and including free parameters and 2 path to it. The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data (Chi2=934.87, p<.0001, GFI=0.88, AGFI=0.83, NNFI=0.86, RMSR =0.02, RMSEA=0.07). 2. The perceived barrier, health promoting behavior, self-efficacy, and self-esteem were found to have significant direct effects on the quality of life. 3. The health concept, health perception, emotional state, and social support were found to have indirect effects on quality of life of chronic gastric disease. In conclusion, the derived model in this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting quality of life of chronic gastric disease. Therefore it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested direction in nursing practice.

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Exercise self-efficacy, exercise benefits and barriers, and commitment to a plan for exercise among Korean women with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis
Yun Hee Shin, Hea Kung Hur, Nola J. Pender, Hee Jung Jang, Moon-Sil Kim
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2006; 43(1): 3. CrossRef
Structural Model for Quality of Life of Patients With Chronic Cardiovascular Disease in Korea
Kuem Sun Han, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Young-Joo Park, Kang Hyun Cheol
Nursing Research.2005; 54(2): 85???96. CrossRef
Test of the health promotion model as a causal model of commitment to a plan for exercise among Korean adults with chronic disease
YunHee Shin, SangKyun Yun, Nola J. Pender, HeeJung Jang
Research in Nursing & Health.2005; 28(2): 117. CrossRef
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YunHee Shin, Nola J. Pender, SangKyun Yun
Research in Nursing & Health.2003; 26(4): 312. CrossRef

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The Influencing Factors on the Quality of Job Role of Married, Working Women in Korea: Eun Ok Park, Kyung Ja June; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(7):1697-1708. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.7.1697

Abstract PDF: The labor participation rate of women are increasing, especially for married and 30 and over aged women in Korea. The employment of married women occurs dual-role problems. But recent empirical evidences suggest that employment yields a net gain of benefits over costs with respect to both physical and mental health for women as well as men. Previous researches suggested that the quality of the role or role satisfaction, not the occupancy of the role, is one of the predictors of psychological health. The purpose of this study is to investigate influencing factors on quality of job role for Korean women with children and husband. Data were collected from 323 mothers of students at 3 kindergartens, 2 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, 4 high schools in metropolitan area, during 1998.8 - 1998.12. they were dual-earner couples, and were employed over one year. Response rate is 62.3%. Quality of role was measured using Role Quality Scale developed by Park, June & Kim(1999). This instrument is based on Role Rewards and Concerns Scale of Barnett et al.(1993) for quality of job role. Quality of job role is made of 27 items and the subfactors are interpersonal relationship, job stress, pride, payment, and autonomy. Scales have good internal consistency(Cronbach ??= 0.86). The findings of this study show that personal income, occupation, husband's attitude for wife's employment, and the perceived equity for labor division between couples are significant variables for quality of job role. But age, education, career years, working hours per week are not significant. 24.83% of the variance in quality of job role were accounted for by these variables.

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A Study on the Differences of Perception between Consumers and Providers about Nursing Service Quality, and the Usefulness of Tools Measuring Nursing Service Quality: Mi Aie Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(5):1121-1132. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.5.1121

Abstract PDF

Service quality is, unlike goods quality, an abstract and elusive term. However, quality is very important to marketers and consumers in that it has many strategic benefits in contributing to profitability of marketing activities and consumers' problem-solving activities. The main purpose of this study is 1) to explore the differences of perception between consumers and providers about nursing service quality, 2) to identify the useful tool between two tools measuring nursing service quality. To achieve these purposes of the study, the questionnaire was developed and distributed to 210 nurses who worked at seven subjected hospitals in Seoul. Also, 280 people who had a direct experience with the subjected hospital nursing services at the time of screening were involved. They were randomly selected at the seven subjected hospitals during August to September of 1998. Among them, 165 responses from nurses and 229 responses from others resulted in worthy finds. The measurement instrument for a nursing services quality evaluation was modified from the SERVQUAL model originated from Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1988). The reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated and showed high degree of internal consistency (Cronbachs' Alpha = .9353). For data analysis, SPSS/PC was used for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1) In the perception about nursing services quality, there were gap between consumers and providers. Especially the critical attributes in point of perception nursing services quality, naming satisfy, hygiene and performance factors, are very different contents. 2) In the comparison analysis of the usefulness tools it was turned out that SEVPERF model is more appropriate than SERVQUAL model. And in the analysis to identify the construct validity of the tool, it is turned out that the relationship between the constructing factors of the tool and the general satisfaction is significant.

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An Application Effect of Rhythmic Movement Program for the Health Promotion in the Elderly: Sook Ja Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(3):776-790. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.3.776

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Every year the number of the elderly increases in Korea thanks to the improvement of social and economical levels and the development of medicine. However, many problems such as insufficent care and the isolation of the elderly have been commonplace. This trend exists not only because of increased lifespan but also the changing social structure of the nuclear family. Accordingly, inspite of the development of medicine, geriatric diseases including circulatory diseases are increasing in proportion of elderly population, as well as the severity. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that health care programs provide the best possible health care and functional capacities in terms of healthy elderly lifestyles. Especially, the phenomena of aging and geriatric diseases taking place with the elderly naturally are affected by lifestyle and the drastic changes in exercise patterns. This study aims to improve geriatric health by introducing a rhythmic movement program for the elderly to estabilish a health-promoting self-care system and by developing quality of life, perceived health status, their physical and physiological functions and emotional state. The theoretical framework used in this dissertation is derived from the Health-Promoting Self-Care System Model (Simmons, 1990), which integrates the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (Orem, 1985), the interaction model of Client Health Behavior (Cox, 1982) and the Health Promotion Model (Pender, 1987). As a quasi-experimental design, the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design is utilized for this study. The subjects of this study consist of 64 people, over 65 years old who live in 2 nursing homes for the aged located in S city , Kyong-gi province and volunteered for this study from July, 12, 1999 to September, 17, 1999. They are divided into two groups: 33 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The experimental group particpated in the Rhythmic Movement Program at the nursing home, which was comprised of 45 minutes a session, 5 sessions a week during 9 weeks. In order to measure the results of the Rhythmic Movement Program, aspects of perceived health status, balance, flexibility, grip strength, leg strength, heart rate, blood pressure, depression, anxiety and the quality of life were measured before and after participating in the Rhythimic Movement Program for the experimental group after 9 weeks, as well as the control group. The collected data were processed by SPSS PC+ and analyzed by the X2 test, t-test, ANCOVA and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The perceived health status conditions in the experimental group show statistically significant improvement when compared to the control group (F=17.51, p=.000). 2. The physical and physiological functions, that is, balance (F=17.51, p=.000), flexibility (F=8.01, p=.006), grip strength (F=3.21, p=.018) and leg strength (F=25.78, p=.000) in the experimental group are higher than the control group. The vital signs, that is, the number of heart rate (F=.022, p=.884), systolic pressure (F=1.73 p=.193), and diastolic pressure (F=2.74, p=.103) in the experimental group compared to the control group decreased, but doesn't show statistically significant differences. Immune responses (F=5.13, p=.003) showed statistically significant increases in the experimental group when compared to the control group. 3. The emotional state are improved, that is, degree of depression (F=11.56, p=.001) and degree of anxiety (F=9.14, p=.004) in the experimental group showed statistically significant decreases. 4. The quality of life in the experimental group (F=3.03, p=.037) showed statistically significant differences compared to the control group. 5. The observations of the relationships among the perceived health status, emotional state , the quality of life, the relationships between the perceived health status, the degree of depression (r=-.653, p=.000) and the degree of anxiety (r=-.786, p=.000) were in contrary propotions, while the relationships between the perceived health status and the quality of life (r=.234, p=.008) were in direct propotion. In conclusion, the Rhythmic Movement Program used in this study for geriatric nursing care is simple and safe for application to the elderly and shows significant effects by implementing 5 sessions a week for 9 weeks. The Rhythmic Movement Program improves the quality of life, maintains as well as improves the physical and physiological fuctions and emotional state, therefore this program is strongly recommended for positive applications for independant geriatric nursing health care.

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A Study Burden, Social Support and Quality of Life in Mothers of a Child with Nephrotic Syndrome: Mi Hae Sung; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(3):670-681. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.3.670

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The purpose of this study was to identity the level of burden, social support and quality of life of the subjects. The subjects of this study were 68 mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients whose children were hospitalized in one pediatric ward of the University Hospital in Seoul. The data was collected using questionnaires, and the period of the data collection was from Nov. 15 to Dec. 31, 1999. The instruments used for this study were the Burden Measurement Instrument developed by Montgomery et. al(1985), social support measurement instrument designed Brandt an Weinert(1978) and Quality of life scale designed by Ro,Yoo JA(1988). The data analysis was done by SPSS, t-test, ANOVA and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of were as follows. 1. The level of burden showed a mean score of 54.47, the level of social support, a mean score of 86.00 and the level quality of life, a mean score of 140.20. 2. The level of burden differed according to mother's religion, patient's purpose for admission and perceived patient's condition by mothers. 3. The level of social support and the level of quality of life differed according to perceived patient's condition by mothers. 4. There was a negative correlation between burden and social support(r=-.348, p<.001). Also, burden was negatively related with quality of life(r=-3.97, p<.001). Social support was positively related with quality of life(r=.064, p<.001).

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A study of Stress Reaction, Symptoms of Stress, Health Promoting Behavior, and Quality of Life in Korean Immigrant Middle Aged Women: Kuem Sun Han; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(3):606-618. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.3.606

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The purpose of this study was to identify the level of Symptoms of Stress, Stress Reaction, Health Promoting Behavior, and Quality of Life in Korean Immigrant Middle Aged Women. The subjects of this study were 33 middle aged women who live in Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. Data collection was performed at the U.W from Oct. 1998 to May. 1999. Data collection time was one hour and data was collected through 4 types of questionnaires : SOS, Health Promoting Behaviors, Quality of Life and Demographic data form, and the Physiologic Stress Profile was collected by J&J I-410 biofeedback equipment. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and the pearson correlation coefficient using the SAS program. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The level of physiological stress reaction and stress symptoms showed high level and quality of life showed low in general. 2. The Stress Reaction and Symptoms of Stress showed significant negative correlation with health promoting behavior, quality of life in the middle aged women. 3. The health promoting behavior showed significant positive correlation with quality of life in the middle aged women. In conclusion, the physiological stress reaction, symptoms of stress, and health promoting behavior were major influencing factor to quality of life in Korean Immigrant Women. From the results of the study, the following recommendations are presented as follow: 1. It is suggested that the study for developing the health promotion program focused on stress self-regulation for Korean immigrant women. 2. It is suggested that the comparative study for Korean immigrant women and Women in Korea. 3. It is necessary to broaden the scope of nursing practice for middle aged healthy women, so nurses can include a health promotion program focused on stress self-regulating as part of nursing care.

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