Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Papers

Factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students: an ecological model: a descriptive study: Jeong Soon Yu, Myung Soon Kwon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2025;55(1):64-80. Published online February 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24092

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose
This study investigated the factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students using an ecological model and descriptive research.
Methods
Data were collected from 482 students at 13 universities in the six regions in South Korea from October 20, 2020, to March 25, 2021. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression.
Results
The significant ecological factors influencing smartphone overdependence included self-awareness of smartphone overdependence (β=.33, p<.001), autonomy (β=–.25, p<.001), average daily smartphone usage time (β=.18, p<.001), gender (β=.15, p=.001), college year (β=.15, p=.020), forming relationships with others as a motivation for smartphone use (β=–.15, p=.008), friend support (β=.14, p=.006), and age (β=–.12, p=.047). The model explained 34.9% of the variance.
Conclusion
The study emphasized the role of personal and interpersonal factors, in smartphone overdependence among university students. Tailored intervention strategies are necessary to address smartphone overdependence, considering the unique characteristics of students’ environments. A significant aspect of this study is that it provides an explanation of the multidimensional factors contributing to smartphone overdependence among university students, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental influences.

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Effect of the Spinning Babies Program on Birth Outcomes and Satisfaction during Labor: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial: Mi-Yeon Jeong, Hyang Mi Jung; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(4):607-619. Published online November 20, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24097

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose
This study evaluated the effects of the Spinning Babies program applied during labor on birth outcomes and satisfaction among pregnant women.
Methods
This non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized post-test only design study included 42 participants (22 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The Spinning Babies program was conducted four times in the experimental group during the first and second stages of delivery for 50 min per session. The program comprised performing pelvic circles on a birth ball, followed by wide squatting and adopting of open knee-chest and side-lying positions.
Results
Compared with those in the control group, pregnant women in the experimental group had a significantly shorter labor time (t = - 6.64, p < .001), a higher success rate for normal vaginal delivery (χ² = 4.86, p = .043), improved Apgar scores of newborns (z² = - 2.18, p = .029), differences in neonatal oxygen therapy use (χ² = 4.86, p = .043), and improved birth satisfaction (t = 11.99, p < .001).
Conclusion
The Spinning Babies program improves the birth environment by increasing the normal vaginal delivery success rate, as well as pregnant women’s birth satisfaction, and promotes neonatal health.

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Support Needs for Health Promotion of Community-Dwelling People with Disabilities: Perspectives of Operators Managing Disability Supportive Housing: Nam, Hye Jin , Lee, Haesun , Park, Han Nah , Lee, Sujin , Kim, Bohye , Yoon, Ju Young; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(2):211-223. Published online May 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23143

Abstract PDF: Purpose
Recent studies have focused on policies aimed at supporting the independence of individuals with disabilities in communities. As part of this initiative, supportive housing, integrated care, and residential spaces offer tailored services based on individual needs and autonomy. The attitudes and knowledge of the administrators supporting supportive housing residents regarding health management can influence the well-being of individuals with disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the challenges faced by supporting housing workers in enhancing the self-management skills of individuals with disabilities.
Methods
In this qualitative study, focus group interviews were conducted in August 2023 with nine administrators working to support housing in Seoul. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interview data.
Results
The needs and challenges in enhancing the self-management skills of individuals with disabilities were as follows: (1) the complexity of health management challenges, (2) bidirectional strategies for strengthening health management capabilities, and (3) support for systematic health management. Additionally, eight subthemes were derived.
Conclusion
By investigating the difficulties experienced and identifying the necessary support requirements for supportive housing workers, this study seeks to uncover insights and identifies areas for improvement and strategies for health management. This study acknowledges the educational and institutional support necessary to improve the health and quality of life of individuals with disabilities residing in supportive housing.

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Intention to Delegate Clinical Practice of Medical Specialists in Accordance with the Enactment of the Scope of Practice for Advanced Practice Nurses: Kim, Min Young , Choi, Su Jung , Kim, Jeong Hye , Leem, Cho Sun , Kang, Young-ah; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(1):39-54. Published online February 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22098

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the nationwide intention to delegate clinical practice of medical specialists in accordance with the enactment of the scope of practice for advanced practice nurses (APNs).
Methods
Data were collected from October to December 2021 using Google Surveys. In total, 147 medical specialists from 12 provinces responded to the survey. The survey questionnaire was categorized into four legislative draft duties, according to the scope of practice (a total of 41 tasks): Twenty-nine tasks on treatments, injects, etc., performed under the guidance of a physician and other activities necessary for medical treatment (treatment domain); two tasks on collaboration and coordination; six tasks on education, counseling, and quality improvement; four regarding other necessary tasks. Participants were asked whether they were willing to delegate the tasks to APN.
Results
The intention to delegate tasks to APN was higher for non-invasive tasks such as blood sampling (97.3%) or simple dressing (96.6%). Invasive tasks such as endotracheal tube insertion (10.2%), sampling: bone marrow biopsy & aspiration (23.8%) showed low intention to delegate in the treatment domain. Participants who were older, male, and had more work careers with APN, showed a higher intention to delegate tasks.
Conclusion
To prevent confusion in the clinical setting, a clear agreement on the scope of APN practice as APN delegated by physicians should be established. Based on this study, legal practices that APN can perform legally should be established.

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Results of Applying a Ventilator Weaning Protocol Led by an Advanced Practice Nurse for Cardiac Surgery Patients
YoungJu Eim, Su Jung Choi
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(2): 42. CrossRef
Legal and Practical Solutions for the Expanding the Roles of Medical Support Staff Nurses
Su Jung Choi, Min Young Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 300. CrossRef

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Review Paper

Effects of Leadership Styles of Nursing Managers on Turnover Intention of Hospital Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Cho, Yunjeong , Jeong, Seok Hee , Kim, Hee Sun , Kim, Young Man; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(5):479-498. Published online October 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22039

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to examine effect sizes of leadership styles of nursing managers on turnover intention of hospital nurses.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Participants were nurses working in hospitals. The intervention involved nursing managers’ leadership styles; the outcome assessed was nurses’ turnover intention. This was an observational study design. Eleven databases were searched to obtain articles published in Korean or English. Of the 14,428 articles reviewed, 21 were included in systematic review and meta-analysis. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and R software programs were used.
Results
The total effect size r (ESr) was - 0.25 (95% confidence interval: - 0.29 to - 0.20). Effect sizes of each leadership style on turnover intention were as follows: ethical leadership (ESr = - 0.34), transformational leadership (ESr = - 0.28), authentic leadership (ESr = - 0.23), transactional leadership (ESr = - 0.21), and passive avoidant leadership (ESr = 0.13). Ethical leadership was the most effective style in decreasing turnover intention of hospital nurses.
Conclusion
Positive leadership styles of nurse managers effectively decrease turnover intention of hospital nurses, and negative leadership styles of nurse managers effectively increase turnover intention of hospital nurses. The ethical leadership style is the most effective in decreasing turnover intention of hospital nurses; however, it requires careful interpretation as its effects are reported by only two studies. This study contributes to addressing the high turnover rate of hospital nurses and developing positive leadership styles of nurse managers in hospital settings.

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The effect of organizational communication and grit on turnover intention of rehabilitation hospital nurses: A cross-sectional correlation study
Inji Ha, Heeok Park, Ji Hun Joung
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2025; 27(1): 35. CrossRef
Mediating Effect of Leader-Member Exchange on the Ethical Leadership of Nursing Unit Managers and Turnover Intention of Clinical Nurses: A Nationwide Survey using Proportional Quota Sampling
Jihun Kim, Sunmi Kim, Nara Han, Seok Hee Jeong
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(1): 42. CrossRef
Effects of Resilience, Nursing Managers’ Empowering Leadership on Turnover Intention among New Nurses: Mediating role of Transition Shock
Hyun Jin Jung, Hyun Kyung Kim, Seok Hee Jeong
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 212. CrossRef
Investigation of the relationship between nurses' perception of toxic leadership and their organizational trust levels and turnover intentions
Sultan Türkmen Keskin, Meltem Özduyan Kiliç
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2024; 80(5): 1859. CrossRef
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Effects of Patient Safety Management System, Leadership, and Communication Types on Nurse’ Patient Safety Management Activities
Eunji Lee, Haejung Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 367. CrossRef
Nursing-sensitive Indicators in East Asian Hospitals: A Scoping Review
Jae Jun Lee, Won Jin Seo, Dong Ah Park, Hwa Yeong Oh, Seung Eun Lee
Quality Improvement in Health Care.2024; 30(2): 88. CrossRef
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Abdulmajeed M. Albalawi, Glezzeelyne P. Pascua, Sameer A. Alsaleh, Walaa Sabry, Sitti Nursa Ahajan, Jeseela Abdulla, Amal Abdulalim, Suad S. Salih, Sulaiman Al Sabei
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Effects of Nursing Unit Managers’ Authentic Leadership, Transformational Leadership, and Transactional Leadership on Turnover Intention in Advanced Beginner Nurses: Mediation Effects of Positive Psychological Capital
Eun Jeong Kim, Eungyung Kim, Son Ja Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 409. CrossRef
Factors related to the organizational silence of Korean nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Kyungja Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 302. CrossRef

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Research Papers

Experience of Peer Support Work among People with Mental Illness in the Community: A Grounded Theory Approach: Hyun, Myung Sun , Kim, Hyunlye , Nam, Kyoung A , Kim, Su Young; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(2):187-201. Published online April 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21208

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study discovered a substantive theory of the experience and process of peer support work among people with mental illness.
Methods
The participants were members of community-based mental health facilities and had been working as peer supporters for more than six months. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve participants and analyzed using Corbin and Strauss’s grounded theory approach.
Results
The core category was “becoming a healer going with patients in the journey of recovery,” and the core phenomenon was “identity confusion as a peer supporter.” The causal conditions were “starting peer support work without certainty” and “standing at the boundary between the therapist and patient.” The intervening conditions were “willingness to become a successful peer supporter,” “feeling a sense of homogeneity with the patient,” “accepting the mental illness,” and “support from people around.” The action and interaction strategies were “letting go of greed,” “being open about oneself,” “developing professional skills,” “maintaining wellness in the body and mind,” and “being with the patient.” The consequences were “becoming a useful person,” “changing attitude toward life,” “expansion of the sense of self-existence,” “recovering from mental illness,” and “discovering a role as peer supporter.” Finally, the substantive theory of “becoming a healer going with patients in the journey of recovery” was derived.
Conclusion
This study provides a holistic understanding of peer support work and the implications of interventions to help people with mental illness in a person-centered recovery process.

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A model for the involvement of service users as instructors into the psychiatric nursing curriculum in Korea: A qualitative study on participation experience
Suyoun Ahn, Soyoung Shin, Jaewon Joung
International Journal of Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(4): 917. CrossRef
Experience of Mental Health Professionals Collaborating with Peer Supporters in a Community Mental Health Service Team
Sowon Lee, Boyoung Kim, Chung Kil Park
International Journal of Mental Health Promotion.2024; 26(4): 251. CrossRef
Experience of Peer Supporters for Patients with Schizophrenia
Hae Kyung Jo, Se Na Ryu
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(3): 280. CrossRef

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An Evaluation of the Validity and Reliability of the Face Mask Use Scale’s Korean Version among Community-Dwelling Adults: Lee, Kyungmi , Shin, Nayeon , Kang, Younhee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(5):549-560. Published online October 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21111

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Face Mask Use Scale (K-FMUS) among community-dwelling adults.
Methods
The participants of the study were community-dwelling adults in Korea using face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. The English FMUS was translated into Korean using forward and backward translation procedures. The construct validity and reliability of the K-FMUS were evaluated using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and the internal consistency reliability test.
Results
The K-FMUS comprised 6 items divided into 2 factors. The variance of the factors was approximately 79.1%, which suggested that the scale indicated the effectiveness of face mask usage. The two factors were labeled as face mask use in society (4 items) and face mask use at home (2 items). Cronbach’s α value for the overall scale was .88.
Conclusion
The K-FMUS is a valid and reliable scale that can be used to measure face mask usage among community-dwelling adults in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Adapting and Validating the COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scales in Korea
Hyesung Ock, Mihyeon Seong, Insook Kim
Healthcare.2022; 10(11): 2274. CrossRef

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Invited Paper

Information and General Guidance for Healthcare Professionals in the Fourth Wave of COVID-19: Kim, Jeung-Im , Yu, Mi , Yu, Soyoung , Park, Jin-Hee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(4):395-407. Published online August 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21137

Abstract PDF

The COVID-19 curve seesawed and reached the fourth pandemic in July 2021. Since the first three waves, the focus has been on achieving herd immunity through vaccination while a lot of manpower is used for quarantine. However, we have not been able to prevent the fourth wave. The causes are thought to be related to people who doubt the safety of the vaccine and refuse it or violate quarantine guidelines such as social distancing. This study examined guidelines for preventing and controlling COVID-19, the accuracy of vaccination-related information, and described quarantine measures including for those who completed vaccination. In conclusion, prevention and vaccination are the most effective countermeasures against COVID-19. We recommend people vaccination with self-quarantine. Also, it is necessary to make large investments to protect and support nurses in future pandemics.

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Heliyon.2022; 8(1): e08816. CrossRef
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Boo Young Ha, Yun-Sook Bae, Han Sol Ryu, Mi-Kyeong Jeon
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(5): 511. CrossRef

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Research Papers

Job Retention Process among Working People with Mental Illness: A Grounded Theory Approach: Hyun, Myung Sun , Nam, Kyoung A , Kim, Hyunlye , Kim, Su Young; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(3):320-333. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21016

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The study was conducted to explore the experiences of job retention among working people with mental illness.
Methods
The participants were members with mental illness at the S Community Mental Health Center in Gyeonggi Province and who had been working for more than six months. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with 11 participants between June 27 and August 20, 2018. The data were analyzed through Corbin and Strauss’s grounded theory method.
Results
The core category was struggling to take root in the community as a productive member. The core phenomenon was the desire to be a productive person, and the causal condition was the willingness to change for a purposeful life. The action and interaction strategies included maintaining regular living patterns, maintaining medication, developing one’s tips for self-management, and self-approval. The intervening conditions were difficulties in forming social relationships, presence of symptoms, social resources, and acceptance of one’s mental illness. The consequences were restoration of family relationships, healthy pleasure through work, social inclusion, development of self-worth, and transition to an independent person.
Conclusion
Working people with mental illness are struggling to take root in the community as a productive member. This study suggests that a holistic understanding of the job retention experience among people with mental illness is required. The findings will provide the basis for developing interventions that can improve job retention among working people with mental illness.

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Diabetes Self-Management Experience of Patients with Diabetes: Focused on the Visually Impaired: Chang, Sun Ju , Lee, Kyoung-eun , Yang, Eunjin , Kim, Hee Jung; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(1):92-104. Published online February 28, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20231

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to understand and describe the diabetes self-management experience of visually impaired people with diabetes.
Methods
Ten participants were recruited through a website used by the visually impaired from February to March 2020. Data were collected through two focus group interviews conducted in June 2020; each group consisted of five participants. All interviews were recorded with the consent of the participants and transcribed verbatim. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
Seven categories were as follows; a two-faced, lifelong companion, an unprepared encounter, struggle to live, love-hate relationship with family, strategies to adapt, lessening attention to self-management, the desire to learn properly.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that the visually impaired have fewer opportunities for receiving diabetes self-management education than general diabetic patients. Consequently, plans to improve the education available to such patients are required. Additionally, psychological counseling and diabetes education for patients’ families are necessary, and improving the perception of medical workers regarding the visually impaired will be prove useful.

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I. Hwang, S.Y. Kim, Y.Y. Kim, J.H. Park
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Relationships among Non-Nursing Tasks, Nursing Care Left Undone, Nurse Outcomes and Medical Errors in Integrated Nursing Care Wards in Small and Medium-Sized General Hospitals: Park, Ju-Young , Hwang, Jee-In; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(1):27-39. Published online February 28, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20201

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the degree of non-nursing tasks and nursing care left undone in integrated nursing care wards, and examine their relationships with nurses’ burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and medical errors.
Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from 346 nurses working in 20 wards of seven small and medium-sized general hospitals, and analyzed using multiple regression and multiple logistic regression analysis with the SPSS WIN 25.0 program.
Results
The mean score for non-nursing tasks was 7.32±1.71, and that for nursing care left undone was 4.42 ± 3.67. An increase in non-nursing tasks (β = .12, p = .021) and nursing care left undone (β = .18, p < .001) led to an increase in nurses’ burnout (F = 6.26, p < .001). As nursing care left undone (β = .13, p = .018) increased, their turnover intentions also (F = 3.96, p < .001) increased, and more medical errors occurred (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 1.02~1.15).
Conclusion
Non-nursing tasks and nursing care left undone are positively associated with nurses’ burnout, turnover intentions, and the occurrence of medical errors. Therefore, it is important to reduce non-nursing tasks and nursing care left undone in order to deliver high quality nursing care and in turn increase patient safety.

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Development and Validation of the Nurse Needs Satisfaction Scale Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory: Kim, Hwa Jin , Shin, Sun Hwa; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(6):848-862. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20195

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to evaluate the needs satisfaction of nurses and examine its validity and reliability.
Methods
The initial items for the instrument were developed through a literature review and interviews, using the conceptual framework of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The initial items were evaluated for content validity by 14 experts. Four hundred and eighty-six clinical nurses participated in this study through offline and online surveys to test the reliability and validity of the instrument. The first evaluation (n = 256) was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, and the second evaluation (n = 230) was used to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis and to assess the criterion-related validity and internal consistency of the instrument. Test-retest reliability was analyzed using data from 30 nurses.
Results
The final instrument consisted of 30 items with two sub-factors for five needs that were identified through the confirmatory factor analysis. The criterion-related validity was established using the five need satisfaction measures (r = .56). Cronbach’s a for total items was .90, and test-retest reliability was .89.
Conclusion
The findings from this study indicate that this instrument has sufficient validity and reliability. This instrument can be used for the development of nursing interventions to improve the needs satisfaction of clinical nurses.

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Original Articles

Development and Effect of a Smartphone Overdependence Prevention Program for University Students Based on Self-Determination Theory: Myung Soon Kwon, Jeong Soon Yu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):116-131. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.116

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

This study aimed to develop a smartphone overdependence prevention program for college students based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and evaluate its effectiveness.

Methods:

A non-equivalent control group repeated measures design was used for the study. Participants were 64 university freshmen (experimental group: 29, control group: 35). The developed program consists of eight sessions conducted twice a week. The program was designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness the three elements of the basic psychological needs of self-determination theory. The participants were assessed before the program, immediately after, and 1 and 3 months after the program. Data were collected from April 23 to September 14, 2018 and analyzed by performing a Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 23.0.

Results:

This study showed improvement in the basic psychological needs (F=3.90, p=.010) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, competence (F=2.93, p=.035), relatedness (F=2.89, p=.045), and self-regulatory ability (F=3.11, p=.028) improved significantly.

Conclusion

Study findings indicate that the smartphone overdependence prevention program based on the Self-determination theory could be an effective intervention for improving basic psychological needs and self-regulation ability. Therefore, this program could be an efficient strategy for smartphone overdependence prevention in university students.

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Prediction Model for Nursing Work Outcome of Nurses - Focused on Positive Psychological Capital: Soon Neum Lee, Jung A Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):1-13. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.1

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model on nursing work outcomes based on Youssef and Luthans’ positive psychological capital and integrated conceptual framework of work performance.

Methods:

This study used a structured questionnaire administered to 340 nurses. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results:

Positive psychological capital showed indirect and direct effects on job satisfaction, retention intention, organizational citizenship behavior, and nursing performance. While, the nursing work environment had direct and indirect effects on job satisfaction and nursing performance, it only had indirect effects on intention to work and organizational citizenship behavior. Additionally, a mediating effect on retention intention and organizational citizenship behavior was found between job satisfaction and nursing performance variables.

Conclusion:

The nursing organization needs to build a supportive work environment and reinforce positive psychological capital to improve nursing performance. Additionally, it needs to actively manage the necessary parameters involved in the stages of job satisfaction, retention intention, nursing performance, and organizational citizenship behavior of nurses. The findings propose the continuous management of nursing personnel based on nurses’ attitude outcome, behavioral intention, behavioral outcome, and stage of role performance.

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The Influence of Grit on Turnover Intention of University Hospital Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Job Involvement: Ji Yeong Jeong, Youn Sook Seo, Jung Hoon Choi, Seong Hee Kim, Min Sook Lee, Sung Hwa Hong, Jung Suk Choi, Da Eun Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(2):181-190. Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.2.181

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to confirm the mediating effect of job involvement in the relationship between grit and turnover intention among nurses working at university hospitals.

Methods

Participants included 437 nurses from university hospitals located in C city, Gyeongnam. Data were collected from January 8 to 19, 2018, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression, with the SPSS/22.0 program. A mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny, and bootstrapping methods.

Results

There were significant relationships between grit and job involvement (r=.40, p<.001), grit and turnover intention (r=−.29, p<.001), and turnover intention and job involvement (r=−.52, p<.001). Job involvement showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between grit and turnover intention.

Conclusion

Grit increased job involvement and lowered turnover intention. Therefore, to reduce nurses' turnover intention, it is necessary to develop a program and strategies to increase their grit.

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Muhammad Ishaq, Afsha Bibi, Fazal Khaliq, Ashfaq Ahmad
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The Effects of Hospitals’ Family Friendly Management on Married Female Nurses’ Retention Intention: Focused on the Mediating Effects of Work-Family Interface: Jin Hwa Lee, Jee-In Hwang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(4):386-397. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.386

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study examined the effect of hospitals’ family-friendly management on married female nurses’ retention intention. The focus was the mediating effects of the work-family interface (work-family conflict, work-family enrichment and work-family balance).

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional study. The participants were 307 nurses working at five public and five private hospitals with more than 200 beds in Seoul. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from September 10 to September 17, 2018 and analyzed with SPSS 24.0. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression following the Baron and Kenny method and Sobel test for mediation.

Results

There were significant correlations among family-friendly management, the work-family interface, and retention intention. Work-family conflict showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between family-friendly management and retention intention. Work-family enrichment showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between family-friendly management and retention intention. Work-family balance showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between family-friendly management and retention intention.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that both hospitals’ family-friendly management and nurses’ work-family interface are important factors associated with nurses’ retention intention. Therefore, hospitals should actively implement family-friendly management for nurses and establish strategies to enhance nurses’ work-family interface for effective human resource management.

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The Effect of Nurse's Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention: Mediation Effect of Burnout and Moderated Mediation Effect of Authentic Leadership: Soo Yang Na, Hanjong Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(3):286-297. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.286

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

To investigate the effect of nurses’ emotional labor on their turnover intention that was mediated by burnout and to examine the moderated mediation effect of authentic leadership.

Methods

A total of 227 nurses working at two general hospitals in Seoul were recruited from March 21 to May 6 in 2016. Emotional labor including surface acting and deep acting; burnout factors such as emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment; and turnover intention were assessed. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro.

Results

Surface acting significantly increased emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment. Deep acting significantly increased personal accomplishment. Emotional exhaustion significantly increased turnover intention. Conversely, personal accomplishment significantly reduced turnover intention. Surface acting had an indirect effect on turnover intention that was mediated by emotional exhaustion. Deep acting had an indirect effect on turnover intention that was mediated by personal accomplishment. Authentic leadership had a moderated mediation effect on the relationship between surface acting and turnover intention that was mediated by emotional exhaustion.

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that the establishment of strong authentic leadership by head nurses would help nurses reduce their burnout and turnover intention. Conducting intervention studies would be also important to promote better work environments that would enable nurses to fortify the positive aspect of emotional labor and to reduce their burnout levels.

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A Qualitative Study on Interpersonal Relationships of Patients with Facial Burn Injuries: Phenomenological Study: Myungsook Kil, Yongmi Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(3):263-273. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.263

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of the study was to explore the experience of patients with facial burn injuries regarding their interpersonal relationships.

Methods

The phenomenological research method was used. Participants of the study consisted of five males and three females. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews from November, 2014 to February, 2015 and analyzed using Colaizzi's method.

Results

Five theme clusters were extracted that described patients’ experiences. They are “being a lonely foreigner,” “closing my mind toward the world,” “hiding hurt feelings,” “companion of my face,” and “communicating with the world”.

Conclusion

The results of this study provide a deep understanding and insight into the experience of interpersonal relationships among facial burn patients. The development of a comprehensive program including physical, psychological, and social aspects is recommended to address the problems facial burn patients encounter in interpersonal relationships and to facilitate interaction.

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Prediction Modeling on Family Life Satisfaction of Old Adults Living at Home: Young Mi Huh, Sohyune Sok; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):534-544. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.534

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to construct and test a structural model on family life satisfaction of aged individuals living at home. The conceptual model was based on Bandura's self-efficacy and social cognitive theories (1977; 1986) and Bowen's (1976) family systems theory.

Methods

From January 25 to March 5, 2016, 227 older adults living at home completed a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed to calculate the direct and indirect effects of factors affecting family life satisfaction. SPSS WIN 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 were used.

Results

The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were χ²=78.05, χ²/df=1.35, RMSR=.02, GFI=.98, AGFI=.96, NFI=.94, CFI=.98, and RMSEA=. 05. Family life satisfaction was positively affected by perceived collective family efficacy, status of physical health, family communication, and family support. Depression resulted in a significant negative effect. Family differentiation had a significant indirect effect on family life satisfaction. The model explained 76% of variance in family life satisfaction.

Conclusion

Perceived collective family efficacy, status of physical health, depression, family differentiation, family communication, and family support were significant factors explaining family life satisfaction among older adults staying at home. Further research should be conducted to seek intervention strategies to improve family life satisfaction among older adults living at home by focusing on the respective contributing factors.

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The Effect of Pain Catastrophizing on Depression among Older Korean Adults with Chronic Pain: The Mediating Role of Chronic Pain Interference and Sleep Quality
Kyoung-eun Lee, Hyunju Ryu, Sun Ju Chang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(23): 8716. CrossRef

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Effect of Breathing Exercise Using Panflutes on the Postoperative Compliance, Pulmonary Infections and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery: Hyun Mi Jo, Hyunsook Shin; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(3):279-288. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.3.279

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of breathing exercises performed using panflutes in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Methods

The study design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized pre-post test. The study included 24 patients in both the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group completed a daily breathing exercise regimen using panflutes for 30minutes after meals, whereas the control group was provided standard preoperative education, including breathing exercises using incentive spirometers. After the exercise regimen, breathing exercise compliance, pulmonary infections, and life satisfaction were measured in both groups, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN program.

Results

The compliance rate of breathing exercises was significantly higher in the experimental group. The experimental group presented no pulmonary infections in the later period, whereas the control group presented higher pulmonary infection rates in the same period. In addition, the life satisfaction score in the experimental group significantly increased.

Conclusion

The breathing exercise program using panflutes for elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery enhanced their breathing exercise compliance and their daily life satisfaction in addition to reducing their pulmonary infection rates.

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Pranayama and Breathing Exercises - Types and Its Role in Disease Prevention & Rehabilitation
Naresh Kumar Satyanarayan Dhaniwala, Venkatesh Dasari, Mukunda Naresh Dhaniwala
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences.2020; 9(44): 3325. CrossRef

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Patterns and Influential Factors of Inter-Regional Migration of New and Experienced Nurses in 2011~2015: Bohyun Park, Se Young Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(5):676-688. Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.5.676

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze the migration patterns of new nurses and experienced nurses and to identify the factors influencing inter-regional migration for solving regional imbalances of clinical nurses in South Korea.

Methods

This study involved a secondary analysis of data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

New nurses tended to migrate from Kyunggi to Seoul. However, experienced nurses tended to migrate from Seoul and Chungchung to Kyunggi. Significant predictors of inter-regional migration among new nurses were location and nurse staffing grade of hospitals. Significant predictors of inter-regional migration among experienced nurses were location, hospital type, nurse staffing grade, ownership of hospitals and age of nurses.

Conclusion

Inter-regional migration occupied a small portion of total hospital movement among clinical nurses. The regional imbalances of nurses were not caused by the migration from non-metropolitan areas to Seoul. Nurse shortage problems in the small and medium hospitals of the non-metropolitan area can be solved only through improvement of work environment.

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Yunmi Kim, Hyun-Young Kim
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Purum Kang, A Young Han
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Impact evaluation of nurse staffing policy reform in Korea: A quasi‐experimental study
Jinseon Yi, Jinhyun Kim
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Ji‐Soo Kim
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Yu Ri Jung, So Young Choi
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Jeong Hye Park, Min Jung Park, Hye Young Hwang
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Eunhee Lee
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Sun Ju You, Jong Kyung Kim, Myun Sook Jung, Se Young Kim, Eun Kyung Kim
Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2018; 18(4): 184. CrossRef

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A Study on the Relationship between Nurses' Relative Power and Interpersonal Conflicts: Myung Ok Lee; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(1):169-177. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.1.169

Abstract PDF: This study aims at empirically clarifying the relationship between power and the interpersonal conflict, including nurses' understanding of their relative power, the causes of interpersonal conflicts with the nurses, and strategies to resolve conflicts in order to understand how nurses' relative power affect their conflicts. For the empirical survey, the population was defined as all the nurses working at a medical organization in Seoul, Korea. 1083 nurses were selected as the sample for the questionnaire survey and statistical analyses. For the sampling, 32 medical organizations were selected by a stratified random method and sub-samples were arbitrarily drawn from each organization to obtain the final sample of 1083 nurses who responded to the questionnaire designed by the researcher. According to the result of the study, most nurses experience conflict more than once a month, and 70.4% of the respondents answered that interpersonal conflicts were directly or indirectly caused by power relations, which indicates that they perceive power relations as the main cause of interpersonal conflicts. Nurses experienced the most conflicts with interns and residents(29.7%), then patients and their families(24.3%), higher-positioned nurses(12.3%), nurse colleagues(7.7%), lower-positioned nurses(6.5%), and staff doctors(5.1%). If we classify these into three groups, the frequency of the conflicts, from most frequent to least, is in the order of doctors, nurses, and patients. In terms of relative power, nurses perceive that they have greater power than patients than patients and their families, lower-positioned nurses, and nurse colleagues. In contrast, nurses perceive that they have less power than interns and residents, higher-positioned nurses, and staff doctors. Among these groups, nurses perceive that they have the most power over patients and the least over staff doctors. These results indicate that nurses tend to experience more conflicts with members of groups that are stronger than themselves in terms of relative power. Nurses use positive strategies such as the compromise strategy(32.3%) or the collaboration strategy(20.3%) to manage conflicts, more than other strategies. However, they use avoidance or competition strategy more at the earlier stage, compromise strategy more in the mid stage, and collaboration strategy more at the later stage of the interpersonal conflict. In relation to power, nurses use the collaboration strategy or the compromise strategy more when their perceived power is greater than or equal to their counterpart's and they use the avoidance strategy or the accommodation strategy if their power is less. In terms of source of power, nurses' perceived relative power is greater in the order of referent power, expert power, reward power, legitimate power, and coercive power, where referent power is perceived as having the greatest power and coercive power is least. Most nurses(69.3%) used their power to resolve a conflict, with positive outcomes. Expert power was used most frequently. Overall, this study strongly indicates that the enhancement of power of nurses to have equal power relations with doctors would heighten the success of conflict resolution, since power is the main cause of conflicts. Specifically, nurses experience most conflicts with doctors against whom they perceive the greatest gap in power, and the choice of a conflict management strategy depend upon their power relations.

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A Study on MBTI Personality Type and Defense Mechanism of Nursing College Student: Seung Sook Hwang, Eun Joo Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(4):447-458. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.4.447

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study is to provide a useful insight for developing effective teaching and student counseling methods by understanding the relationship between four preference patterns of MBTI personality types and EWHA defense mechanisms of nursing college students.
METHOD
The data used in this research were collected administrating EWHA defense mechanism test and MBTI personality type instrument to 195 nursing students in the period of November 3 through September 16 in 2000. Collected data were analysed by pc-SPSS 10.0. RESULT: Three general conclusions were drawn from the study results: (1) in terms of personality type, 'Extraversion', 'Sensing', 'Thinking', and 'Judgement' types showed high frequency respectively; (2) in terms of defense mechanism, 'Identification' showed the highest score, and then 'suppression' scored next followed by 'Humor'. However, 'Acting out' showed the lowest average score, and then 'Projection' followed by 'Denial'; (3) Based on the relationship between defense mechanism and four MBTI preference patterns, it can be drawn that students with the preference of 'Extraversion' usually use defense mechanism of 'Altruism', 'Sublimation', 'Distortion', 'Controlling', and 'Humor'. In comparison, students with the preference of 'Introversion' often use the defence mechanism of 'Evasion' and 'Projection'. CONCLUSION: The study results can be utilized in both fields of education and counseling: (1) in the field of education, this study can provide a basis for developing a suitable teaching method for each personality types of nursing students; (2) for counseling practitioners, the results of this study provide the useful insights to understand nursing college students' communication skills, behavior patterns, and ability of coping with problems in the process of counseling.

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Empathic Ability and Communication Ability according to Myers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI) Personality Type in Nursing Students
Myung-Ock Chae
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(4): 303. CrossRef

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Clinical Nurses' lived Experience of Interpersonal Relations in the Ward Setting of the hospital: Yang Heui Ahn, Dae Ran Kim, Bok Nam Seo, Kyoung Eui Lee, Eun Ha Lee, Eun Shil Yim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(3):295-304. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.3.295

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to describe the essential structure of the lived experience of clinical nurses' interpersonal relations among nurses, patients, and others in the ward setting of the hospital. METHOD: Six nurses who have experienced from 4 to 7 years on the same ward setting, were interviewed. The data were collected from September, 2000 to May, 2001 and analyzed using Colaizzi's (1978) method of phenomenology. RESULT: In this study, 7 themes were extracted: difficulty of interpersonal relations after being familiar with work, developing good relations with doctors, patients, and their significant others as experience increased, generation gap among individual nurses, evaluating other nursing colleagues on their past experience in ward settings, avoiding nurses with whom one was in conflict, sometimes, resolving conflict through getting together with colleagues informally, having a limited interpersonal network, experiencing becoming mature through struggling with the difficulty of interpersonal relations. CONCLUSION: Nurse managers need to provide resources, opportunities, and information to clinical nurses through fully understanding the characteristics of nurses' interpersonal relations. In addition, they should minimize the factors which intervene with good interpersonal relations among clinical nurses.

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Experience of Interpersonal-Conflict Between Nurse Colleagues of Mid-Career Hospital Nurses
Namyee Koo, Suhye Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 421. CrossRef
Mediating Effect of Compassion Competence on the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Quality of Nursing Services in South Korea
Hyunjin Lee, Kawoun Seo
Healthcare.2022; 10(5): 964. CrossRef
Nurses' Experience with Inpatients in Comprehensive Nursing Care Service: A Phenomenological Approach
Purum Kang, Jiwon Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(3): 149. CrossRef
ICU nurses’ experiences of feeling hurt by medical personnel
Jung-Hoon Lee, Yeoungsuk Song
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2021; 27(4): 347. CrossRef
Perceived Emotional Labor of Clinical Nurse from the Persons Concerned
Ji-hyun Back, Myung Hee Kim, Sungmin Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(3): 148. CrossRef
The Effect of Nonviolent Communication Program on Nurse's Interpersonal Competence, Job Stress and Spiritual Wellness
Bong-Hee Sim, Young-Sook Lee, Seong-Ah Ahn
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(9): 375. CrossRef
Experience of Turnover in New Nurses
Sun Ae Kim, Hye Won Jeon
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(3): 644. CrossRef
Phenomenological Approach on Self-Esteem of Clinical Nurses
Mi Jeong Kim, Seungju Kim, Kwuybun Kim
journal of east-west nursing research.2013; 19(2): 138. CrossRef
Phenomenology on the Experience of Nursing Students' College Life that have defected from North Korea
Eun Young Park, Eun Ja Lee
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2013; 19(3): 351. CrossRef

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Correlation between Personality, Family Dynamic Environment and Suicidal attempt among Korean Adolescents Population: Hyun Sil Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(2):231-242. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.2.231

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the rate of suicidal attempts, investigate difference of rate of suicidal attempts between students and delinquents, and examine correlation between personality, family dynamics, environment, and suicidal attempts among Korean adolescents. METHOD: Data were collected through questionnaire surveys. Internal consistencies for this questionnaire ranged from 0.63 to 0.88. The subject used in this study consisted of 922(delinquent : 367, student : 555), using the proportional stratified random sampling method. Statistical methods employed were Chi-square and t-test. RESULTS: 1) The rate of suicidal attempts were 10.8%, and the highest peak age of suicidal attempt was 17-18 year old (16.9%).2) Delinquents(19.6%) showed a higher rate of suicidal attempts than students (5.1%). Among the students, girls (43.3%) showed a higher rate of suicidal attempt than boys (19.1%). Whereas, boys (80.9%) showed a higher rate of suicidal attempt than girls (56.7%) among delinquents.3) Those who attempt suicide have more familial problem such as incest, psychosis, depression, attempted suicide, committed suicide, and alcoholism in their family. They also have more dysfunctional family dynamics, environment, and maladaptive personalities than non-attempters. CONCLUSIONS: Suicide and suicidal behaviors are multifaceted events. For suicide prevention, independent assessments of variables such as familial problems, personality, family dynamics, and environment must be considered.

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Associated Factors of Depression and Suicidal Behaviors among Korean Adolescents: Web-based Survey of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior in 2015~2017
Hyun-A Choi, Hyejin Yang
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(3): 292. CrossRef
Peer victimization and adolescents’ suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: A moderated mediation model
Wenya Peng, Dongping Li, Xian Li, Jichao Jia, Yanhui Wang, Jiale Xiao
Children and Youth Services Review.2020; 112: 104888. CrossRef
Longitudinal reciprocal effects between peer relationship difficulties and aggressive behaviors in Korean adolescents
Soyoun Kim, Choong Rai Nho
Children and Youth Services Review.2017; 83: 41. CrossRef
A review of school-based suicide prevention interventions in South Korea, 1995–2015
Jung Won Kong, Jung Woo Kim
Children and Youth Services Review.2016; 69: 193. CrossRef
Risk Factors Related to Suicidal Ideation and Attempted Suicide
Sung Suk Chung, Kyoung Hwa Joung
The Journal of School Nursing.2012; 28(6): 448. CrossRef
Interpersonal Relationships and Suicide Probability among Korean Adolescents
Hee Sook Kim, Wan Ju Park, Gyeong Ran Park, Mi Hyang Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2012; 21(1): 11. CrossRef
Factors on the Suicidal Attempt by Gender of Middle and High School Student
Sanggu Yi, Yunjeong Yi, Hye-Sun Jung
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2011; 41(5): 652. CrossRef
An ecological understanding of youth suicide in South Korea
Seung-yeon Lee, Jun Sung Hong, Dorothy L. Espelage
School Psychology International.2010; 31(5): 531. CrossRef

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Development and Test of the Hypothetical Model to Explain Smoking Cessation Behaviors Based on Triandis' Interpersonal Behavior Theory: Hyun Soo Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(1):16-27. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.1.16

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop and test the hypothetical model which explains smoking cessation behavior was established based on the Triandis' interpersonal behavior theory.
METHOD
The data were collected from the 400 university student smokers enrolled in the universities located in Seoul and Kyung-In province. The study was analyzed by path analysis with LIESREL 8 program.
RESULTS
All of the fit statistics, except the Chi-square value, it showed the hypothetical model was well fitted to the data. Benefit, affect, and social influences related to smoking cessation behavior had significant direct effect on intention to smoking cessation as shown in the study of the hypothetical model. Perceived barrier and the physiologic arousal related to smoking cessation had significant direct effects on performing smoking cessation behavior, whereas numbers of previous attempts to quit smoking and intention to smoking cessation did not.

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Effects of an Aging Management Program for Middle-aged Women on Resilience and Successful Aging
Hyeyun Jung, Kyung Mi Sung
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 392. CrossRef

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Relationship between Personality Type, SAT score and GPA of Student Nurses: Ji Young Lim, Il Young Yoo, Soon Nahm Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(5):835-845. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.5.835

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the relationship between personality type, college admission SAT scores and GPA scores of student nurses.
METHOD
The data was collected from 270 student nurses enrolled in a baccaleaureate program in Seoul. MBTI was used to identify students' personality and SAT score and GPA score were collected over 4 years. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS Win. package.
RESULT
1. There were slightly more extrovert (E) type (54.4%) students than the introvert (I) type; more sensing (S) type (71.1%) than the intuitive (N) type. 2. The introvert type students had significantly higher SAT scores than those of the extrovert type (p=.002). 3. The judging type students had significantly higher GPA scores throughout their college years than the perceiving type. 4. There was no statistically significant relationship between SAT and GPA scores. SAT scores did not accurately predict students' academic achievement in college in this sample.
CONCLUSION
The distribution of the personality types in the sample was different from the general population which may suggest that college admission criteria is biased toward certain personality type. Since different personality types process information and cope with the outside world differently, effective teaching strategies need to be considered for each class.

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Experience of Turnover in New Nurses
Sun Ae Kim, Hye Won Jeon
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(3): 644. CrossRef
Nursing Student Academic Achievement depending on College Entrance System-related Factors
Mi Won Kim, Han Ju Lee, Yoon Ju Lee
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2014; 20(4): 596. CrossRef
Difference Analysis of Study Achievement in Course Related to Anatomy by Personality Type
Hyo Hyun Yoo
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology.2014; 27(3): 137. CrossRef
Differences in Non‐Cognitive Factors Influencing the Academic Achievement of Medical and Nursing Students: Focusing on Achievement Goal Orientation and Self‐Regulated Learning
Eun A Park, Kyung Hee Chun
Korean Medical Education Review.2014; 16(1): 32. CrossRef
The Influential Factors for the Attitude of Health-Care University Students on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Geum-Sook Jung, Hyun-Mi Oh, Seon-Young Jeong
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2013; 14(5): 2271. CrossRef

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The Influence of a Family Dynamic Environment, Personality, and Smoking on Delinquent Behavior Among Korean Adolescents: Hyun Sil Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(4):641-655. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.4.641

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the important factors on juvenile delinquency and to examine relationships between sex, age, the family environment, the personality of adolescents, smoking, and juvenile delinquency.
Methods
Data collection was done through questionnaire surveys. The subjects for this study consisted of 1,948 adolescents delinquents : 784, students : 1,164 in Korea, using proportional stratified random sampling method. Statistical methods employed were chi-square, t-test and path analysis. Results: The results of this study were as follows : 1. The delinquent adolescents were reared in a more dysfunctional family environment, and had a higher maladaptive personality than the other student adolescents. 2. The delinquent adolescents showed the larger amount of smoking than the student adolescents. The cause of increased smoking tendency among delinquents simply were 'for social relation', 'for diversion', 'for nicotine addiction', whereas 'for tension relieving' among non-delinquent adolescents. 3. The most powerful contributors on delinquent behavior were antisocial personality tendencies, smoking, sex, strength of parent- child relationships, and the age of the adolescents in this order.
Conclusions
Our cross-sectional findings indicate that smoking was one of the most powerful contributing variables to delinquent behavior, but family environment, personality, sex and age of adolescents were also proved to be strong exogenous variables to smoking in adolescents.

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The Effect of family function and oral health concern on the oral health impact profile(OHIP) in the adolescents
Kyung-Hee Lee, Hea-Shoon Lee
Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2015; 15(4): 583. CrossRef
Smoking Behavior and Predictors of Smoking Initiation in Childhood and Early Adolescence
Sunhee Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 376. CrossRef
Construction of the Structural Equation Model on Substance Use in Adolescents
Jeongyee Bae, Panuncio Rosel
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 446. CrossRef

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A Study on ADL and Dementia of Aged Person with Medicaid in Korea: Ho Sihn Ryu; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(1):139-149. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.1.139

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics related to the activity of Daily Living (ADL) and dementia among the elderly people who have Medicaid. The cross-sectional descriptive survey study was a nationwide randomization sampling among the population of elderly families who have Medicaid. The data were collected during the month of October, 1999 and total sample was 1,027 elderly people. There were major findings according to the studies. In the results of the ADL assessment most of elderly people were within the 24 to 45 point range. Also, 63.3% of elderly people who made 45 points do not need help when performing daily activities according to the 15 areas of activity components, and 4.9% of these people couldn't do their daily activities. The results of the Dementia assessment were 70.6% of elderly people were in the normal range, 21.7% have a mild case, and 2.8% have severe case of dementia. These were found by using instruments for mental states, which simplified to items of detection of early dementia. In the result of these tests, there was a significantly positive correlation between ADL and degree of dementia with the pearson correlation coefficients. As a result of these studies, the author recommend to strengthen function and organization of public health like a visiting nurse center for elderly people who are over 65 years old. In addition, the government should apply early detection and management system for dementia in the community continuously and cost-effectively, especially for elderly people who live alone and are vulnerable elderly as our priority.

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Depressive symptoms in individuals with family members requiring ADL assistance
Junhyun Kwon, Eun-Cheol Park, Woorim Kim, Dong-Woo Choi, Sung-In Jang
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effects of a Multimodal Interventional Program on Cognitive Function, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Patients With Mild Alzheimer’s Disease
Min-Joo Ham, Su-Kyoung Kim, Doo-han Yoo, jae Shin Lee
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Hea‐Kung Hur, So‐Mi Park, So‐Sun Kim, Margaret J. Storey, Gi‐Yon Kim
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Home Care Nursing Needs of Welfare Solitude Elderly Person in Pusan City: Ki Ryeon Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(2):425-436. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.2.425

Abstract PDF: This study was carried out to assess home health care needs for welfare of solitude elderly person. The subjects of this study were 90 welfare solitude elderly person in Pusan City. Data were obtained by interview and observation using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA with SAS program. The results are as follows. 1. Among the home care nursing needs, environmental nursing needs topped the list, followed by spiritual, physical, psychological, communication & health knowledge and ADL nursing needs. 2. Home care nursing needs showed a significant differences by the general characteristic of the respondents. -In the age, there were significant differences in physical and communication & health knowledge nursing needs. -In the religion, there were significant differences in spiritual nursing needs. -In the marital status, there were significant differences in environmental nursing needs. -In the nursing provider, there were singificant differences in ADL, environmental and communication & health knowledge nursing needs. -In the medical benefit, there were significant differences in ADL, environmental, physical and communication & health knowledge nursing needs. -In the disease, there were significant differences in ADL nursing needs. -In the household maintenance, there were significant differences in environmental nursing needs.

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