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Impact of Anthropometric Indices of Obesity on the Risk of Incident Hypertension in Adults with Prehypertension: A Secondary Analysis of a Cohort Study: Jang, Se Young , Kim, Jihun , Kim, Seonhwa , Lee, Eun Sun , Choi, Eun Jeong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(1):18-31. Published online February 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23067

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of anthropometric indices of obesity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, waist hip ratio, and body fat percentage) on the incidence of hypertension in adults with prehypertension.
Methods
A longitudinal study design using secondary data form the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study was employed. The study included 1,838 adults with prehypertension tracked every two years from 2001 to 2018. Statistical analyses, including frequency assessments, number of cases per 1,000 person-years, log-rank tests, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox’s proportional hazards regression, were conducted using SPSS version 25.
Results
Over the observation period (15,783.6 person-years), 1,136 individuals developed hypertension. The incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in the obesity groups defined by BMI (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.33), waist circumference (HR = 1.34), waist hip ratio (HR = 1.29), and body fat percentage (HR = 1.31) compared to the non-obese group. These findings indicate an increased risk of hypertension associated with obesity as measured by these indices.
Conclusion
The study underscores the importance of avoiding obesity to prevent hypertension in individuals with prehypertension. Specifically, BMI, waist circumference, waist hip circumference, and body fat percentage were identified as significant risk factors for hypertension. The results suggest the need for individualized weight control interventions, emphasizing the role of health professionals in addressing the heightened hypertension risk in this population.

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Investigating the Gut Microbiota Profile in Prehypertensive Individuals Exhibiting Phlegm-Dampness Constitution
Ning Yu, Yaotang Yang, Guangyun Wang, Yanhong Wang, Mei Feng, Peilin Yang, Shuang Liu, Rui-rui Wang, Lei Zhang
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between body roundness index and psoriasis among US adults: a nationwide population-based study
Genlong Bai, Yuting Peng, Qian Liu, Xinyi Shao, Yuan Zhan, Aijun Chen, Jingbo Zhang
Lipids in Health and Disease.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Impact of Obesity on Urinary Tract Infections in Korean Adults: Secondary Data Analysis Using Community-Based Cohort Study: Seo, Seung Hee , Jeong, Ihn Sook , Lee, Eun Joo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(2):150-161. Published online April 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20228

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study investigated the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in community-dwelling adults and identified the association between obesity and UTI.
Methods
The participants were 4,926 adults aged over 40 years who had no UTIs at the baseline survey of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. Obesity was defined according to the cirtieria of Korean Society for the Study of Obesity using body mass index (BMI) data. UTI was defined as those who had self-reported UTI or had either nitrite, or both leukocytes and blood in the urine dipstick test. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to identify the association between the obesity and UTI.
Results
The incidence proportion of UTI was 5.1%, and the incidence density per 1,000 person-years was 25.5. After controlling general characteristics, people with BMI ≥30.0 kg/m² remained 1.66 times (HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.06~2.60; p < .05) more likely to have UTI than those with normal weight. This trend was also present in men or people aged ≥ 60 years. Among women aged ≥ 60 years, people with BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m² were 1.98 times (HR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.01~3.86; p < .05) more likely to have UTI than those with normal weight.
Conclusion
The BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m² is a risk factor of UTIs in Korean adult men over 40 years and women aged ≥ 60 years. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of obesity management to men or women aged ≥ 60 years, specifically.

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Letter to the editor: “Microbiology and risk factors for bacteremic urinary tract infection: insights from the largest urological center in Pakistan”
Syeda Samia Fatima, Kainat Mehmood, Areeba Abid, Hiba Abid
International Urology and Nephrology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiology of urinary tract infection among community-living seniors aged 50 plus: Population estimates and risk factors
Betsy Foxman, Marie Bangura, Neil Kamdar, Daniel M. Morgan
Annals of Epidemiology.2025; 104: 21. CrossRef
Summer temperature and emergency room visits due to urinary tract infection in South Korea: a national time-stratified case-crossover study
Jiwoo Park, Whanhee Lee, Dukhee Kang, Jieun Min, Hyemin Jang, Cinoo Kang, Dohoon Kwon, Youngrin Kwag, Eunhee Ha
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effects of Program to Promote Obesity Prevention Behaviors on Pre-Schoolers: Focused on Kindergartener in Korea: Hwang, Inju , Bang, Kyung-Sook; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(2):188-202. Published online April 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20217

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to develop a program to promote obesity prevention behaviors for pre-schoolers and to confirm the effectiveness of the program in Korea.
Methods
The program comprised 8 sessions for 4 weeks including combined classroom lectures and physical activities. A non-equivalent control group pre-post test study design was used, and seventy two children, aged 5 to 6 years (experimental group: 33, control group: 39) and their parents participated in the study. To examine the effectiveness of the program, children’s knowledge, intake of sugar-added beverages and fruits & vegetables, time of outdoor play and screen time, and parental self-efficacy were measured. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN ver. 22.0 and R 4.0.2, using descriptive analysis, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, the independent t-test, and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results
The results showed that the experimental group reported significantly increased knowledge (p < .001) and longer time of outdoor play on weekends (p = .033). However, there were no significant differences in the intake of sugar-added beverages and fruits & vegetables, screen time, and parental self-efficacy in the two groups.
Conclusion
This study confirms the applicability of an obesity prevention intervention at kindergartens in Korea. The results can be used as basic data for the study of childhood obesity prevention in Korea.

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Development of health literacy education program for early childhood to prevent smoking hazards
Sangah Lee, Jiye Kim, Jiyoung Lee, Hyekyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2022; 39(4): 55. CrossRef
The Let’s Eat Healthy and Move at School program for adolescents in South Korea: Program design, implementation, and evaluation plan using intervention mapping
Jiyoung Park, Gill A. Ten Hoor, Seolhyang Baek, Sochung Chung, Yang-Hyun Kim, Gahui Hwang
Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(3): 225. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Effectiveness of Multi Interventional Package on Selected Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome among Women - A Pilot Study: Elizabeth, Attonassary Jose , Aruna, Swaminathan , Mercy, Parayidathil Joseph; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):523-532. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20012

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of multi interventional package (MIP) and lifestyle interventions (LI) on physiological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome, to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on biochemical parameters of women with metabolic syndrome and to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on socio-psychological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome.
Methods
A quasi experimental nonequivalent control group design with two experimental groups and one control group was used to collect data from 60 self-help group women. Samples were selected by multistage sampling. Reflexology foot massage, dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to MIP group and dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to LI group for 12 weeks. Control group received routine care. Demographic and clinical data sheets were used to collect basic information. Knowledge was assessed by a knowledge questionnaire. Physiological (weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (HDL, triglycerides and FBS) were assessed before and after the intervention.
Results
The study found significant change in the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome as well as knowledge among the MIP group and LI group compared to the control group (p < .001).
Conclusion
MIP and LI are effective in controlling the parameters of metabolic syndrome. Hence the guidance may be provided to women with metabolic syndrome for adopting necessary lifestyle changes as well as reflexology foot massage to control the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome.

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Effect of Lifestyle Intervention Program for Overweight and Obesity Pregnant Women: Choi, Hye Kyung , Kim, Hyeon Ok; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):459-473. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19228

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study was conducted to identify the effects of a lifestyle intervention program on weight gain, dietary habits, fatigue andpregnancy stress, blood pressure, and neonatal birth weight, using Cox’s interaction model of client health behavior for overweight andobese women.
Methods
This was a quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group pre-post test design. A total of 52patients who met the selection criteria, including 25 in the experimental group and 27 in the control group, were the subjects of the study;they comprised overweight and obese pregnant women who were receiving prenatal care at A and B women’s hospital in J province. Thelifestyle intervention program ran for 12 weeks in total and consisted of interactions involving affective support, health information, andprofessional/technical competencies. The data collection period was from February 1, 2017 to August 31, 2017.
Results
This study showeddifferences in the appropriate weight gain rate (x²=6.17, p=.013), suppression of an increase in fatigue (t=-2.32, pp =.012), and an increasein pregnancy stress (t=-1.87, p=.034). Yet, no differences in physical activity, dietary habits change, blood pressure, and neonatal birthweight (p>.05) were found.
Conclusion
The study findings indicate that this program could be an effective intervention for the control ofappropriate weight gain, fatigue, and pregnancy stress. Therefore, a lifestyle intervention program based on Cox’s interaction model of clienthealth behavior could be an efficient strategy for a positive health outcome of overweight and obesity pregnant women.

Citations

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Literature Review on Lifestyle Intervention Program for Adults in Korea
Keun-Young Yang
Journal of Digital Contents Society.2023; 24(8): 1815. CrossRef
Research Trends of Lifestyle Intervention for Women With Obesity: A Text Network Analysis
Sook Kyoung Park, Ju-Hee Nho
Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.2023; 13(1): 44. CrossRef

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Effect of a Physical Activity Promoting Program Based on the IMB Model on Obese-Metabolic Health Outcomes among Obese Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: Kim, Jung-Suk , Kim, Chun-Ja; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(2):271-285. Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.2.271

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study examined the effects of a physical activity promoting program based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model on physical activity and health outcomes among obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods
This study utilized a randomized controlled trial with a convenience sample of 75 obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis in a university hospital. The older adults in the intervention group participated in a 12-week program involving weekly group sessions and monitoring calls with education booklets and video clips for exercise dances, while those in the control group received an usual care. Outcomes were measured using self-report questionnaires, anthropometrics, and blood analyses. The intervention effects were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and ANCOVA.
Results
The mean age of participants was 74.9 years with 84.0% women. The intervention group at 12 weeks showed significantly greater improvements in self-efficacy for physical activity (F=81.92, p <.001), physical activity amounts (Z=-2.21, p =.044), knee joint function (F=15.88, p <.001), and health-related quality of life (F=14.89, p <.001) compared to the control group. Among obese-metabolic outcomes, the intervention group at 12 weeks showed a significant decrease in visceral fat mass (F=7.57, p =.008) and improvement in high-density level cholesterol (F=9.51, p =.003) compared to the control group.
Conclusion
Study findings support the need for an IMB based physical activity program for promoting physical activity, knee function and health outcomes in obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the persistence of obese-metabolic effects in clinical settings.

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Does Higher Compliance With American College of Sports Medicine Exercise Prescription Guidelines Influence Exercise Outcomes in Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis
Belinda J. Lawford, Rana S. Hinman, Libby Spiers, Alexander J. Kimp, Andrea Dell'Isola, Alison R. Harmer, Martin Van der Esch, Michelle Hall, Kim L. Bennell
Arthritis Care & Research.2025; 77(4): 460. CrossRef
Effects of Progressive Balance Training Exercise Programs with Whole Body Vibration on Pain, Function, Psychosocial Status, and Balance in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Sang-woo Yoon, Suhn-yeop Kim
Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2024; 19(1): 81. CrossRef
A predictive model for medication adherence in older adults with heart failure
Eun Ha Oh, Chun-Ja Kim, Elizabeth A Schlenk
European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2024; 23(6): 635. CrossRef
Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee
Belinda J Lawford, Michelle Hall, Rana S Hinman, Martin Van der Esch, Alison R Harmer, Libby Spiers, Alex Kimp, Andrea Dell'Isola, Kim L Bennell
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based Self-Management Program for Korean Adult Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Based on the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills Model
Seohyeon Hwang, Woori Na, Dayoung Oh, Cheongmin Sohn
Applied Sciences.2023; 13(12): 6915. CrossRef
The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model: An Examination of Snacking-Avoidance Behavior Among Elementary Schoolchildren
Chun-Hsia Huang, Shu Yu, Caroline Chou, Tze-Fang Wang
Child & Family Behavior Therapy.2023; 45(4): 304. CrossRef
The effectiveness of exercise with behavior change techniques in people with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Takashi Ariie, Hiroshi Takasaki, Ryota Okoba, Hiroki Chiba, Yusuke Handa, Takahiro Miki, Shunsuke Taito, Yusuke Tsutsumi, Masaharu Morita
PM&R.2023; 15(8): 1012. CrossRef
Effectiveness of online caries management platform in children's caries prevention: A randomized controlled trial
Siqi Yan, Song Luo, Xiaoxia Yang, Lidan He, Xinyi Chen, Guoying Que
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship Between Psychosocial Behavior and the Quality of Life of Male Gout Patients in Southwest China: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on an Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model
Ying Wang, Xin Guo, Bo Chen, Hong Chen, Yanling Chen, Ling Ma, Huan Liu
Patient Preference and Adherence.2023; Volume 17: 3503. CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of an Integrated Health Management Program for Psychiatric Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Yun Bock Kwak, Ji Young Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(3): 261. CrossRef
Outcomes addressed in randomized controlled lifestyle intervention trials in community‐dwelling older people with (sarcopenic) obesity—An evidence map
Isabel Galicia Ernst, Gabriel Torbahn, Lukas Schwingshackl, Helge Knüttel, Robert Kob, Wolfgang Kemmler, Cornel C. Sieber, John A. Batsis, Dennis T. Villareal, Nanette Stroebele‐Benschop, Marjolein Visser, Dorothee Volkert, Eva Kiesswetter, Daniel Schoene
Obesity Reviews.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Given According to Knowledge, Motivation and Behavioral Skills (IMB Model) The Effect of Diabetes Education on Self-Care
Bahar İNKAYA, Tuba YILMAZER, Hilal TÜZER, Elif Yeter ERBİL
Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity.2022; 6(3): 241. CrossRef
[Retracted] Effects of Physical Exercise on Physical Fitness and Mental Health of Obese Students
Junfang Wu, Shao Liang
Journal of Environmental and Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Environment Factors Affecting Childhood Obesity: Voices from Students, Parents, and Teachers with Photograph: Eunok Park, Hyo Young Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(3):254-262. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.254

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to explore the environmental factors affecting childhood obesity using photovoice from the perspectives of students, parents, and teachers in the community.

Methods

Six school students, seven parents, and seven school teachers completed an assignment requiring them to take 24 pictures and participate in group discussions. After training session, the participants were asked to take pictures associated with food and physical activity environments related to childhood obesity at home, school, and within their communities for two weeks and to submit the pictures with records. Each group had four sessions for discussion.

Results

School cafeteria, convenience stores near schools, instant food and fast food joints, food delivery, and high-calorie snacks comprised the food environmental factors. Lack of physical activity classes at school, commuting by car, barriers to physical activity, and use of smart-phone were environmental factors that inhibited physical activity.

Conclusion

To reduce childhood obesity, the creation of a supportive environment for encouraging the consumption of healthy foods and enhancing physical activity should be considered. Modifications of and improvement to the obesogenic environment might be a good strategy to prevent and reduce childhood obesity.

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Development and Evaluation of Eating Traits Scale for Adult in Republic of Korea
Youngwon Kim, Eunok Park
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 339. CrossRef
Experiences of Male Nursing Students in Women's Health Nursing Practicum: A Mixed-Methods Study Using Photovoice
Na Won An, Na Kyoung Lee
Journal of Korean Association for Qualitative Research.2024; 9(2): 104. CrossRef
A participatory practice study for the improvement of sub-regional health vulnerabilities: a qualitative study
Jeehee Pyo, Haneul Lee, Yangwha Kang, Jaewook Oh, Minsu Ock
BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Eating propensity of adult women: An exploratory study
Eunok Park, Youngwon Kim
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2020; 37(5): 69. CrossRef

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The Effects of Laughter Therapy Program on Perceived Stress, and Psycho-Neuro-Endocrino-Immuno Responses in Obese Women: Do Young Lee, Myung Sun Hyun; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(3):298-310. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.3.298

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the laughter therapy program on perceived stress and psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune responses in obese women.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group with a pretest-posttest design was used. The participants (n=60), whose age ranged from 30 to 50 years (pre-menopausal and body mass index of over 25 kg/m²), were assigned to the experimental group (n=24) or control group (n=26). The experimental group was provided with the laughter therapy program (12 sessions) for 6 weeks.

Results

There were significant differences in perceived stress, psychological stress response, fasting blood sugar, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha between the two groups after the program. However, there were no significant differences in normalized low frequency (norm LF), normalized high frequency (norm HF), LF/HF ratio, and cortisol between the two groups after the program.

Conclusion

It was found that the laughter therapy program had positive effects on some variables in terms of perceived stress and psycho-neuro-endocrine-immuno responses. It is suggested that the laughter therapy in this study can provide the direction for developing a program for obese women.

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The Effects of Laughter Yoga on Happiness and Stress in Nursing Students Going into Clinical Practice for the First Time
Betul Bal, Canan Demirci, Gamze Gulsum Kilicli
Journal of Holistic Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The effects of acupressure, laughter yoga, and a mindfulness-based stress reduction program applied to postmenopausal women for menopause symptoms and quality of life
Hacer U. Koca, Didem S. Kucukkelepce, Gulcin Nacar, Nurdilan S. Çetin, Sermin T. Taşhan
Menopause.2024; 31(10): 879. CrossRef
The Effect of Laughter Yoga on Vasomotor Symptoms and Sleep Quality in Menopausal Women
Ahu Aksoy-Can, Tuba Güner-Emül, Filiz Değirmenci, Aysu Buldum, Aslıhan Aksu, Duygu Vefikuluçay-Yılmaz
Holistic Nursing Practice.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and Effects of a Laughter Therapy Program for Middle-aged Women Hospitalized in Psychiatric Wards
Do Young Lee, Ju Hyun Woo
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(3): 273. CrossRef
Effects of Short-term Urban Forest Experiences by Season on Stress and Affective Response of University Students
Eunjin Kim, Hwayong Lee
Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2023; 26(4): 433. CrossRef
Laughter as medicine: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies evaluating the impact of spontaneous laughter on cortisol levels
Caroline Kaercher Kramer, Cristiane Bauermann Leitao, Fares Alahdab
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(5): e0286260. CrossRef
Seasonal Forest Changes of Color and Temperature: Effects on the Mood and Physiological State of University Students
Eunjin Kim, Hwayong Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(14): 6338. CrossRef
Effects of a laughter programme with entrainment music on stress, depression, and health-related quality of life among gynaecological cancer patients
Yong Jin Lee, Myung Ah Kim, Hye-Ja Park
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2020; 39: 101118. CrossRef
Effects of aromatherapy on stress, fructosamine, fatigue, and sleep quality in prediabetic middle-aged women: A randomised controlled trial
Myung-Haeng Hur, Jun Hwa Hong, SeongHee Yeo
European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2019; 31: 100978. CrossRef

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Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion patterns by Body Mass Index(BMI) in Offspring of Parents with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Young Im Moon, Hye Ja Park, Young Ae Chang; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(3):694-704. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.3.694

Abstract PDF: This study was designed to assess the body fat distribution, and also to investigate the effects of body fat on glucose tolerance and on insulin secretion pattern by body mass in offspring of parents with NIDDM. The subjects consisted of twenty parents with NIDDM who had been admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine or had been seen in the outpatient clinic at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University between February to March, 1995. Twenty offspring were randomly selected from forty six offspring of twenty healthy people without a family history of diabetes mellitus were matched by sex, age and body mass index(BMI). The results are as follows : 1. mean fasting serum glucose and insulin levels and insulin/glucose ratio were significantly greater in offspring than in the control subjects with BMI>or=25kg/m2 in the offspring and in the BMI<25kg/m2(P<0.05). 2. The total glucose area and insulin area were significantly greater in both the offsping and the control subjects with BMI>or=25kg/m2 than in both the offspring and the control subjects with BMI<25kg/m2(P<0.05). 3. Upper body skinfold thickness, Waist hip ratio(WHR), serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride(TG), total dietary calorie intake and protein intake in both the offspring and the control subjects with BMI>or=25kg/m2 were greater than those with BMI<25kg/m2(P<0.05). On the other hand, HDL-cholesterol in both the offspring and the control subjects with BMI 25kg/m2 was lower than those with BMI<25kg/m2(P<0.05). 4. The major variables influencing the total glucose area were subscapular skinfolds thickness and WHR and the major variables influencing the total insulin area were suprailiac skinfolds thickness, WHR, TG and free fatty acid. In the light of the results, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance were affected by body mass index, Upper body fat, WHR, and lipids(TG, Free fatty acid), it is implied that these are influencing factors on total glucose area and total insulin area. The identification of these factors might provide a useful tool to identify individuals at high risk of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, various nursing intervention programs to reduce obesity could be given to both the offspring of parents with NIDDM and to the obese healthy controls before diabetes mellitus develops.

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Comparison of Obesity Management Between a Behavior Modification Program and an Aerobic Exercise Progrem in Overweight Adolescent Girls: Jung Soon Moon, Seung Kyo Chaung; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1996;26(4):799-807. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1996.26.4.799

Abstract PDF: This study was done to compare the effects of managing obesity using a behavior modification program and an aerobic exercise in adolescent girls. Thirty three subjects were selected from one girls' middle school located in Seoul. Seventeen girls participated in the behavior modification program by joining 60 ?90 minute group sessions weekly. The aerobic exercise program was given to 16 girls three times per week for 60 minutes each. These iter-ventions continued for eight weeks from October 17 to December 10,1995. The data were obtained before and after the interventions by measuring degree of obesity, body weight, blood pressure, serum lipid, %body fat, and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Data ware analysed by using paired t-test. The results are as follows. 1. Subjects in both the behavior modification and the aerobic exercise groups showed significant decresc in the degree of obesity, body weight, di-astolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, %body fat and fat mass after the 8-week interventions. 2. Systolic bood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and waist to hip ratio were significantly decreased after the 8-week intervention in the behavior modification program group while triglyceride was significantly decreased after the 8-week intervention in the aerobic exercise program group. These findings indicate that both behavior modification and aerobic exercise programs are good strategies for managing obesity among adolescent girls.

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The Effects of Exercise Therapy and Exercise-Behavior Modification Therapy on Obesity, Blood Lipids, and Self-esteem of the Obese Middle-aged Women: In Hong Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(6):844-854. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.6.844

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of the exercise therapy, and exercise-behavior modifi- cation therapy on obesity, blood lipids and self-esteem of the obese middle-aged women. METHOD: A total of 35 middle-aged women (BMI: over 30) were selected for this research. Walking at a 50% intensity was administered 4 days a week for 12 weeks, while the behavior modification therapy performed for 60~90 minutes per week for 12 weeks. RESULT: Body weight and BMI has significantly reduced in the case of EG and E.BG. The result of comparing body weight between groups showed significant difference between EG and CG, and E.BG and CG whereas BMI showed significant difference between EG and CG only. TC, TG, LDL-C, %TC/HDL-C have shown significant decrease in EG and E-BG, while HDL-C displayed significant increase in EG and E.BG. And HDL-C showed significant decrease in CG. As for comparison between groups, significant difference was noted in EG and CG, and E.BG and CG at TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and in EG and CG at %TC/HDL-C. Self-esteem displayed significant increase in EG and E.BG; however, there was no significant different in CG. As for comparison between groups, there was significant difference noted in E.BG and CG only. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the exercise therapy and the exercise-behavior modification therapy were effective in changing obesity, blood lipids and self-esteem of the obese middle-aged women.

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So Hee Park, Bo Dam Kim, Jae Hong Sang, Hae-Hyeog Lee, Tae-Hee Kim
Journal of Menopausal Medicine.2023; 29(2): 45. CrossRef
Brisk walking and lipid profile in obese subjects
B. J. Sushma, Chandra Sekhar Thiruveedhula
International journal of health sciences.2022; : 2555. CrossRef
Health Status Assessment Tool Development based on Dietary Patterns in Middle-Aged Women
Hye-Jin Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee
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Difference of the Obesity Index, Blood Pressure and Serum Lipids in Abdominal and Non Abdominal in Men and Women: Hee Seung Kim, Nam Cho Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(4):948-955. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.4.948

Abstract PDF

This study was done to compare the difference of obesity index(waist-hip ratio, body fat, body mass index, relative body weight), blood pressure and serum lipids in abdominal obesity and non abdominal in both men and women. Abdominal and non abdominal obesity was divided into waist-hip ratio above 0.85 in women and 0.95 in men. The subjects were 412 adults (age range 40-59), who had regular health examinations between 1996 to 1997 at the S-Hospital in Seoul. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA (for adjusted for age) and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were as follows: 1. 39.9% of men and 42.5% of women had abdominal obesity. The average age group of abdominal obesity was 50.8 which is older than the non abdominal obesity group(48.0). 2. After they were adjusted for age, the group of men who have abdominal obesity had higher levels in body fat, body mass index, relative body weight, blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol and triglyceride than the group of non abdominal obesity group. The group of women with abdominal obesity had higer levels in body fat, body mass index, relative body weight , blood pressure and triglyceride than the group of non abdominal obesity. 3. In the group of non abdominal obesity, the waist-hip ratio was significantly correlated to body fat, body mass index, relative body weight, blood pressure and serum lipids the group of abdominal obesity in men and women.

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Association between Obesity and the Prevalence of Disc Herniation Diseases Based on Cohort Data
Jieun Kim, Hoseok Kim, Kyungsik Jeong, Seungwon Paik, Sukyung Lee
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2024; 34(4): 143. CrossRef

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The Discriminant Analysis of Blood Pressure: Including the Risk Factors: Hyun Soo Oh, Wha Sook Seo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1998;28(2):256-269. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1998.28.2.256

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study was evaluate the usefulness of variables which were known to be related to blood pressure for discriminating between hypertensive and normotensive groups. Variables able such as smoking, alcohol, exercise, and stress, and demographic variables such as age, economical status, and education. The data were collected from 400 male clients who visited one university hospital located in Incheon, Republic of Korea, from May 1996 to December 1996 for a regular physical examination. Variables which showed significance for discriminating systolic blood pressure in this study were age, serum lipids, education, HDL, exercise, total smoking(in order of significance). By using the combination of these variables, the possibility of proper prediction for a high-systolic pressure group was 2%, predicting a normal-systolic pressure group was 70.3%, and total Hit Ratio was 70%. Variables which showed significance for discriminating diastolic blood pressure were exercise, triglyceride, alcohol, smoking, economical status, age and BMI(in order of significance). By using the combination of these variables, the possibility of proper prediction for a high-diastolic pressure group was 71.2%, predicting a normal-diastolic pressure group was 71.3%, and total Hit Ratio was 71.3%. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the association of systolic blood pressure with life style-related variables after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables. First, the effect of demographic variable alone on the systolic blood pressure was statistically significant(p=.000) and adjusted R2 was 0.09. Adding the variable obesity on demographic variables resulted in raising adjusted R2 to 0.11(p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of obesity on the systolic blood pressure was 2.0%. On the next step, adding the variable serum lipids on the obesity and demographic variables resulted in raising adjusted R2 to 0.12(p=.000) : therefore, the contribution rate of serum lipid on the systolic pressure was 1.0%. Finally, adding life style-related variables on all other variables resulted in raising the adjusted R2 to 0.18(p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of life style-related variables on the systolic blood pressure after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables was 6.0%. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to examine the association of diastolic blood pressure with life style-related variables after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables. First, the effect of demographic variable alone on the diastolic blood pressure was statistically significant(p=.01) and adjusted R2 was 0.03. Adding the variable obesity on demographic variables resulted in raising adjusted R2 to 0.06(P=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of obesity on the diastolic blood pressure was 3.0%. On the next step, adding the variable serum lipids on the obesity and demographic variables resulted in raising the adjusted R2 to 0.09(p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of serum lipid on the diastolic pressure was 3.0%. Finally, adding life style-related variables on all other variables resulted in raising the adjusted R2 to 0.12(p=.000) ; therefore, the contribution rate of life style-related variables on the systolic blood pressure after adjustment for obesity, serum lipids, and demographic variables was 3.0%.

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Comparing the ability of anthropometric indicators in determining the prevalence of hypertension among Indian tribes
Gautam K. Kshatriya, Anjali Kumari, Subhendu K. Acharya
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2019; 13(1): 696. CrossRef

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The Effects of a Physical Activity-Behavior Modification Combined Intervention(PABM-intervention) on Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Elementary School Children: Young Ran Tak, Ji Yeon An, Young A Kim, Hae Young Woo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):902-913. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.902

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a physical activity-behavior modification combined intervention(PABM-intervention) on metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese elementary school children. METHODS: Thirty-two participants (BMI≥85 percentile or relative obesity≥10) were allocated to the PABM-intervention group and behavior modification only intervention group. The PABM-intervention was composed of exercise intervention consisting of 50 minutes of physical activity(Hip-hop dance & gymbased exercises) twice a week and the behavior modification intervention consisted of 50 minutes of instruction for modifying lifestyle habits (diet & exercise) once a week. Effectiveness of intervention was based on waist circumference, BP, HDL-cholesterol, TG, and fasting glucose before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The proportion of subjects with 1, 2, 3 or more metabolic risk factors were 28.1, 43.8, and 15.6%, respectively. After the 8-week intervention, waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HDL-cholesterol changed significantly(p<.01) in the PABM group. CONCLUSION: This provides evidence that a PABM-intervention is effective in changing metabolic risk factors such as waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HDL-cholesterol in overweight and obese elementary school children.

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Moderating effect of Lifestyle and Type D personality on the Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
In-Kyoung Noh, Myoung Soo Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(3): 290. CrossRef
Influence of Occupational Type and Lifestyle Risk Factors on Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Male Workers: A Retrospective Cohort Study
So Hui Kang, Seon Young Hwang
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2016; 28(2): 180. CrossRef
Effects of the 26-weeks Obesity Management Program on Obesity Index, Self-esteem, Self-efficacy, and Body Image among Obese Elementary School Children
Jin Hee Lee, Sangeun Oh
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(9): 83. CrossRef
The Effects of Weight Reduction Programme for Obese Primary School Students on Serum Lipid Level
Mi-Hee Jung, Sang-Sook Han, So-Hee Lim
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Sekyoung Youm, Seung-Hun Park
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Mi-Hyun Jin, Jea-Young Lee
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The Effects of Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults
Mee Young Im, Young-Ran Lee, Suk Jung Han, Chung-Min Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2012; 23(1): 13. CrossRef
The metabolic syndrome and sports medicine
Yun Jun Yang
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2011; 54(7): 697. CrossRef
Impact of Life Style Characteristics on Prevalence Risk of Metabolic Syndrome
Ji-Soo Yoo, Jeong In Jeong, Chang Gi Park, Se Won Kang, Jeong-Ah Ahn
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(4): 594. CrossRef
Perceived Body Image, Intentional Caloric Restriction and Physical Manifestations of Unbalanced Nutrition according to Body Mass Index in Fifth and Sixth Grade Elementary School Students
Bo Hwan Kim, Ji Hea Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2009; 15(4): 359. CrossRef
The Relationship between Physical Activity and Clustering of Metabolic Abnormalities in Children
Hyun Jin Son, Mi Kyung Kim, Hyun Ja Kim, Ho Kim, Bo Youl Choi
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2008; 41(6): 427. CrossRef

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Comparison of the Effects of an Exercise Program in Non-obese and Obese Women: Kun Ja Lee, Yeo Jin Yi, Cha Nam Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(5):684-692. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.5.684

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an exercise program on physical fitness, obesity indices, and blood lipids in cases of non-obese and obese women. METHOD: Data was collected from May, 2006 to November, 2006 in a public health center. All Subjects(37 women) participated in an exercise program that consisted of Latin dance, muscular strength training, and dumbbell exercises. Thirty-seven women were divided into two groups(16 non-obese women and 21 obese women) by %body fat. After 8 weeks, the effects of treatment were compared between pre-test and post-test in each group. RESULTS: Physical fitness(abdominal muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, balance) was significantly different between the pre-test and post-test in the non-obese and obese group. Obesity indices(body weight, BMI) was significantly different in obese women after the 8-week exercise program. There was no decrease of blood lipids in either group. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that an exercise program could be an effective nursing intervention to increase physical fitness in non-obese and obese women and to decrease obesity indices(body weight, BMI) in obese women.

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Virtual Reality Exercise Program Effects on Body Mass Index, Depression, Exercise Fun and Exercise Immersion in Overweight Middle-Aged Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Eun-Young Seo, Yeon-Suk Kim, Yu-Jin Lee, Myung-Haeng Hur
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(2): 900. CrossRef
Effect of diurnal aerobic intervention on indicators of body composition of young women
Pavol Pivovarniček, Dominika Kondrátová, Ľudmila Jančoková, Tomáš Malý, Mikuláš Hank, Pavel Hrásky, Lucia Malá, František Zahálka
Biological Rhythm Research.2021; 52(1): 81. CrossRef
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Hee-Jung Choi, Soon-Rim Suh
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(5): 594. CrossRef

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Effects of an Exercise Program on Body Composition, Cardiopulmonary Function, and Physical Fitness for Obese Children: Myung Soon Kwon, Kyung Sook Hwang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):568-575. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.568

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The study was done to investigate the effects of an exercise program on body composition, cardiopulmonary function and physical fitness in obese children.

Methods

Thirty nine children in grades 4, 5, and 6 in elementary school were employed: experimental group(20) and control group(19). The subjects in the experimental group participated in an exercise program for 8weeks, thirty five minutes per session, four times per week. This data was analyzed by ANCOVA and paired t-test.

Result

The Height(F=2.615, p=0.027) of the experimental group was significantly different from the control group. Also, in the experimental group, there were significant differences of height(t=4.79, p=0.000), cardiac rate(t=-6.461, p=0.000), body mass index(t=-2.13 p=0.046), muscle strength(t=3.48, p=0.003), and muscle endurance(t=3.20, p=0.005). Otherwise, in the control group, there were significant differences of weight(t=2.27, p=0.036), waist-hip ratio(t=3.16, p=0.005), and muscle endurance(t=-2.38, p=0.030).

Conclusion

Jumping rope improved the body composition, cardiopulmonary function, and physical fitness for obese children.

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EFFECT OF 6 WEEKS OF ROPE TRAINING ON THE GROSS SKILLS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 10–12 YEARS-FOCUSED BOY STUDENTS
MOJTABA BRARARZADE GRIVEDEHI, MOHAMMADBAGHER FORGHANI OZRUDI, MINA KHANJANI
Innovare Journal of Social Sciences.2023; : 15. CrossRef
Effects of exercise on resting blood pressure in obese children: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
A. García‐Hermoso, J. M. Saavedra, Y. Escalante
Obesity Reviews.2013; 14(11): 919. CrossRef
Perceived Body Image, Intentional Caloric Restriction and Physical Manifestations of Unbalanced Nutrition according to Body Mass Index in Fifth and Sixth Grade Elementary School Students
Bo Hwan Kim, Ji Hea Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2009; 15(4): 359. CrossRef

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Effects of Walking on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Psychosocial Outcomes in Postmenopausal Obese Women: Sukhee Ahn; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):519-528. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.519

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a moderate-intensity, walking exercise program on the body composition, blood lipids and psychosocial outcomes in postmenopausal obese women.

Methods

With a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design, a total of 36 postmenopausal obese women was recruited in 2 metropolitan areas by convenience sampling. Sixteen women participated in 1 hour of moderate-intensity walking exercise 5 days per week for 3 months and 20 women did not. Cardiovascular risk factors include body composition and blood lipids. Body composition was measured as body mass index, % body fat, and waist/hip ratio; Blood lipids were measured with total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL; psychosocial outcomes were evaluated by self-esteem and depression.

Results

Over 3 months, the score of self-esteem increased and depression decreased in the exercise group relative to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in body composition and blood lipids.

Conclusions

This study suggests that 3 months of moderate-intensity exercise training can improve psychosocial outcomes but further studies are needed to replicate walking exercise on physiologic variables among postmenopausal obese women. These findings are of public health relevance and add a new facet to the growing literature on the health benefits of moderate exercise.

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Jonghwa Lee, Youngho Kim
The Asian Journal of Kinesiology.2023; 25(4): 12. CrossRef
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Anjulyn M. Ballard, Ashlee Davis, Brett Wong, Rodney Lyn, Walter R. Thompson
American Journal of Health Promotion.2021; : 089011712110481. CrossRef
A Pilot Study of APN-led Self-management Program to Improve Cardiovascular Health Status among Korean Women with Risk Factors
Nah-Mee Shin, Ji-Won Yoon, Jiwon Choi, Younghee Park, Songi Jeon
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2016; 28(2): 237. CrossRef
The Effects of a Regular Walking Program on Body Composition, Functional Fitness, and Anxiety and Depression in Elderly Women
Samcheol Lee
Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine.2016; 4(2): 67. CrossRef
Effects of Lifestyle Modification Program on Body Composition, Metabolic Syndrome Markers, and Depression in Obese Postmenopausal Women
Nam Hee Park
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2013; 27(2): 313. CrossRef
Women Religious and Married Women's Attitudes toward Menopause and Menopausal Symptoms
Myung-Sook Yoo
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2010; 16(2): 186. CrossRef

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Comparison of the Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factor Prevalence Forty and Fifty Something Women: Hee Seung Kim, Jeong Ah Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):453-458. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.453

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare metabolic syndrome (MS) risk factor prevalence by obesity and age in middle-aged women.

Method

Two hundred and fifty-one subjects were recruited from the health promotion center of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. MS was defined by the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults(Adult Treatment Panel III)(ATPIII), and obesity was determined by body mass index(BMI)≥ or = 25kg/m².

Results

The mean blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The prevalence of MS, hypertension, and impaired fasting glucose were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the forties, blood pressure was significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the fifties, body fat, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group.

Conclusions

These results show that the nurse should focus on the obese fifty year old female patients for improvement of the MS risk factors.

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Geun Hwan Jang, Tae Sung In, Kyung Hun Kim
The Journal of Korean Academy of Physical Therapy Science.2022; 29(4): 17. CrossRef
Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence and Lifestyle by Age and Metabolic Syndrome Status in Women Religious
Yang-Hee Kim, Hee-Seung Kim
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2015; 17(1): 11. CrossRef
Comparison of the Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors, Physical Activity, and Diet Habits between the Fifties and Sixties in Postmenopausal Women
Hee-Seung Kim, Hye-Ryoung Kim
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2013; 15(3): 133. CrossRef
The effect of salt usage behavior on sodium intake and excretion among Korean women
Jeung Yun Lee, Dong Sook Cho, Hyun Ju Kim
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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Assessment of Food·Nutrient Intakes among Adult Visitors of a Public Health Center in Korea
Won-Hoon Jeong, Bok-Hee Jin, Eun-Hee Hwang
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2012; 41(2): 205. CrossRef
Effects of Web-based Health Education on Blood Glucose and Blood Pressure Improvement in Postmenopausal Women with Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose
Jeong-Ah Oh, Hee-Seung Kim, Min-Jeong Park, Hye-Sun Shim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2011; 41(5): 724. CrossRef
Relation of serum total antioxidant status with metabolic risk factors in Korean adults
Ho-Kyung Kwak, Sun Yoon
Nutrition Research and Practice.2007; 1(4): 335. CrossRef

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The Effects of Brisk Walking versus Brisk Walking Plus Diet on Triglycerides and Apolipoprotein B Levels in Middle-aged Overweight/obese Women with High Triglyceride Levels: Mi Ra Lee, Wan Soo Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(8):1352-1358. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.8.1352

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study were to investigate the effects of a 12-week brisk walking program on triglycerides (TG) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) and to compare these effects to those of a brisk walking plus diet program in middle-aged overweight/obese (BMI≥ or =23) Korean women with hypertriglyceridemia.

Method

This analysis was done with nineteen middle-aged overweight/obese Korean women who completed either the brisk walking program (9 women) or the brisk walking plus diet program (10 women) for 12 weeks. The brisk walking consisted of walking for 20 to 50 minutes/day at an intensity of 40 to 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR) for 3 to 6 days/week. The diet consisted of 60 minutes of group education and 20 to 30 minutes of individual counseling every week. TG and Apo B were assessed pre- and post-intervention.

Results

TG and Apo B decreased significantly after the brisk walking program (Z = -2.31, p = 0.021; Z = -2.59, p = 0.009). TG and Apo B lowering effects of the brisk walking program were not significantly different from those of the brisk walking plus diet program (U = 37.0, p = 0.549; U = 42.0, p = 0.842).

Conclusion

walking can be an effective intervention for overweight/obese middle-aged women with hypertriglyceridemia in reducing cardiovascular risk by lowering TG and Apo B levels. Adding diet to brisk walking may have no additional significant effects on changes in TG and Apo B.

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The Effects of Urban Forest-walking Program on Health Promotion Behavior, Physical Health, Depression, and Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Office-workers
Kyung-Sook Bang, In-sook Lee, Sung-Jae Kim, Min Kyung Song, Se-Eun Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(1): 140. CrossRef

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Effect of an Obesity Management Program on Body Weight, Body Mass Index and Physiological Index of High School Girl Students: Kyu Jung Cha; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(7):1362-1371. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.7.1362

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to examine the effect of an obesity management program on the body weight, body-mass index, and physiological index of obese female high school students.

Method

Students from one school were selected as the experimental group, and students from another school as a control group so the latter group wasn't exposed to the experiment. The experimental group and the control group were each organized with 20 students. The experimental group received 60 minutes of behavior modification once a week, for eight weeks.

Result

The Body weight, and Body mass-Index of the experimental group significantly decreased after the obesity management program. Total-cholesterol, T-G, and LDL-C significantly decreased and HDL-C increased in the experimental group. Total-cholesterol, T-G, LDL-C and HDL-C between the experimental group and control group showed significant differences.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the obesity management program had a great effect on decreasing the body weight and body-mass index of the female obese high school students, normalizing their physiological index. In conclusion, this program turned out to be one of the safest and most effective obesity-management methods that could be applied to female high school students.

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Health Promotion Lifestyle According to Self-Perception of Obesity and Objective Status Measured by Bioelectric Impedance Analysis in College Women
Eun Young Chang, Jeong Sun Kim, Su Jin Shin
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(5): 693. CrossRef

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The Effect of Problem Solving Group Counseling on the Index of Obesity and Health Habits of Obese Children: Mee Young Cho, Hae Jung Lee, Hwa Ja Lee, Hyoung Sook Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(7):1224-1233. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.7.1224

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to investigate the effects of problem solving group counseling on the index of obesity and health habits for obese children.

Method

Forty seven obese children participated in the study(Exp.=22, Cont.=25). Children were recruited from the forth and fifth grade withhigher than 20% of the obesity degree. The problem solving counseling lasted for 10 weeks. In order to evaluate the effects of counseling, physical characteristics and health habits were measured three times; pretest, posttest, and at 10 weeks follow-up. The obtained data was analyzed by χ²-squared-test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA, using the SPSS WIN 10.0program.

Result

Problem solving group counseling was effective on the physical characteristics(BMI, obesity degree, body fat ratio, waist measurement) and health habits over time. Children in the experimental group controlled their body weight better and reported lower scores in the index of obesity than children in the control group at 10 weeks follow-up.

Conclusion

This counseling program helped obese children modify their health habits so that they could decrease their scores in the obesity index. It can be concluded that problem-solving counseling enhanced problem-solving abilities of obese children, which could help modify their ordinary health habits.

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Jung Yun Baek
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2021; 22(2): 147. CrossRef
Use of Beauty Products and their Consumption: A Behavioral Research in the Higher Grades of Elementary schools
Keejung Barng, Youn Kim
Fashion business.2016; 20(4): 172. CrossRef
Effects of Lifestyle Modification Program on Body Composition, Metabolic Syndrome Markers, and Depression in Obese Postmenopausal Women
Nam Hee Park
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2013; 27(2): 313. CrossRef

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Perceptions of Obesity and Management Behaviors of Obese Adolescents and Their Families in Korea: Eun Sook Park, Yeo Jin Im, Hye Sang Im; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(7):1028-1037. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.7.1028

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions of obesity and management behaviors of obese adolescents and their families in Korea.

Method

Nine adolescents with moderate-degree obesity and of four their mothers of them were investigated using semi-structured interviews.

Result

The perceptions of obesity was classified into four domains and obesity management behaviors was classified into three domains. The domains regarding the perceptions of obesity include definitions of obesity(a danger signal of health status, deviation status, symbols of growth), causes of obesity(out of balance), opinions about their obesity(contempt, negative preconception, superiority) and changes on thought and attitudes owing to obesity(shrinkage, repulsion, sustaining losses, decreased activity, decreased self-confidence, defensive behaviors). The domains regarding obesity management behaviors include attitude about the management of obesity(not having priority, optimistic view, ardent wish), management behaviors for correcting obesity(encouraging physical activity, control of diet, gathering information, trial of diet control), attitudes about performing the management behaviors for correcting obesity(inconsistency, non-autonomy, conflict).

Conclusion

This study helps to enhance the understanding of the perception of obesity and management behaviors of obese adolescents and their families. Futhermore, based on this understanding, effective and appropriate heath management programs can be planned and conducted.

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Maternal Perception of Children's Weight, Maternal Body Shape Satisfaction, and Maternal Feeding Styles in Preschool-Aged Children
Hyun Jung Yun, Jin Suk Ra, Mina Jang
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2015; 17(3): 262. CrossRef
The Effects of Weight Reduction Programme for Obese Primary School Students on Serum Lipid Level
Mi-Hee Jung, Sang-Sook Han, So-Hee Lim
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(12): 8437. CrossRef
Weight Perception and Dieting Behavior Among Korean Adolescents
Gyuyoung Lee, Yeongmi Ha, Julie Jacobson Vann, Eunsook Choi
The Journal of School Nursing.2009; 25(6): 427. CrossRef
Body Dissatisfaction, Self-Esteem, and Depression in Obese Korean Children
Na Young Shin, Min Sup Shin
The Journal of Pediatrics.2008; 152(4): 502. CrossRef

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Effectiveness of Aromatherapy Massage on Abdominal Obesity among Middle Aged Women: Seon Hee Han, Bok Soon Yang, Hee Ja Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(6):839-846. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.6.839

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Objectives of the study is to examine the effectiveness of aromatherapy massage among middle aged women with abdominal obesity.

Method

AB/BA crossover design of random blind assignment was applied. Aromatherapy and placebo massage were given to Group(A), Group(B), each groups applied each massages for 2weeks alternatively. Weight, abdominal circumference and appetite were compared for results check among the subjects.

Result

The apparent effectiveness of Aromatherapy Massage in reducing weight, abdominal circumference and appetite was noted.

Conclusion

On the basis of results, they strongly support the facts of reduction of abdominal obesity by applying aromatherapy massage for middle aged women.

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The Development of Educational CD-Program for Obesity Prevention and Management for Primary School Students: Yi Soon Kim, Hyeon Ok Ju, Mi Gyoung Song, Yoo Sun Shin; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(1):60-70. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.1.60

Abstract: Purpose
The study is designed to develop an educational CD-Program for prevention and control of obesity among primary school students.
Method
The study is conducted from June 15, 2000 to April 15, 2002. Based on the course of program development suggested by Dick and Cray (1990), the study followed the planning, development, education and evaluation of a program.
Result
The developed CD-Program consists 2 parts each for lower and higher grades of primary school students. The introduction part of the first trial for lower grade students uses quiz to encourage their motivations, the body proceeds with motion pictures and animations to trigger their interests. The introduction part of the second trial for the lower grades consists of remembering the exhibition lecture. The first trial for higher grades of primary school students builds on the contents of the low grades. Its body part, how to determine obesity and calculate ones own obesity, puts ones own weight and height in by the mouse. For the second trial of the higher grades, the body consists of life-style, diet, and regiments.
Conclusion
The merits of this CD-Program are that to be possible an interaction between teachers and students.

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Effect of Smartphone Apps Applying BodyThink Program on Obesity in Adolescent Girls: Min-Kyung Jun, Ju-Young Ha; J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(3):390-399. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.390

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of smartphone apps applying BodyThink program on BMI, percentage of body fat, skeletal muscle rate, body image, and self-esteem of adolescent girls.

Methods

Sixty-eight high school girls with a BMI of over 25kg/m² were recruited to participate in this study. Girls from four schools were divided into two groups: the experimental group, which used the smartphone apps applying BodyThink program, and the control group, which used smartphone apps and small group counseling. The experimental group received the BodyThink program 6 times, scheduled once a week, with each session lasting 40~50 minutes. Test measures were completed before and after the 6 week intervention period for all participants. Collected data was analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, descriptive statistics, χ² test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.

Results

The girls in the experimental group significantly improved their results in BMI(Z=-1.67, p=.042), percentage of body fat (Z=-3.01, p=.001), skeletal muscle rate (t=-3.50, p<.001), and self-esteem (t=2.66, p=.005) after the program, compared to the girls in the control group.

Conclusion

Mobile applications applying psychological and emotional intervention programs have the potential to be effective alternative methods to improve the body composition and self-esteem of obese adolescent girls.

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Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Obesity in Women with Abdominal Obesity: Hyun Su Cha, Hyojung Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(2):249-259. Published online April 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.249

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of auricular acupressure on reducing obesity in adult women with abdominal obesity.

Methods

The study design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 58 women, aged 20 years or older, assigned to the experimental group (n=30) or control group (n=28). Auricular acupressure using vaccaria seeds was administered to the experimental group. The sessions continued for 8 weeks. Outcome measures included body weight, abdominal circumference, and body mass index, body fat mass, body fat percentage, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum glucose.

Results

Women in the experimental group showed significant decreases in body weight (t=6.19, p<.001), abdominal circumference (t=4.01, p<.001), and body mass index (t=2.58, p=.006) after 8 weeks compared with those in the control group.

Conclusion

Results show that auricular acupressure using vaccaria seeds was effective in decreasing body weight, abdominal circumference, body mass index, and triglyceride levels in adult women with abdominal obesity.

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Non-linear System Dynamics Simulation Modeling of Adolescent Obesity: Using Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey: Hanna Lee, Eun Suk Park, Jae Kook Yu, Eun Kyoung Yun; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(5):723-732. Published online October 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.5.723

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop a system dynamics model for adolescent obesity in Korea that could be used for obesity policy analysis.

Methods

On the basis of the casual loop diagram, a model was developed by converting to stock and flow diagram. The Vensim DSS 5.0 program was used in the model development. We simulated method of moments to the calibration of this model with data from The Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2005 to 2013. We ran the scenario simulation.

Results

This model can be used to understand the current adolescent obesity rate, predict the future obesity rate, and be utilized as a tool for controlling the risk factors. The results of the model simulation match well with the data. It was identified that a proper model, able to predict obesity probability, was established.

Conclusion

These results of stock and flow diagram modeling in adolescent obesity can be helpful in development of obesity by policy planners and other stakeholders to better anticipate the multiple effects of interventions in both the short and the long term. In the future we suggest the development of an expanded model based on this adolescent obesity model.

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Patterns of Health Behavior for Weight Loss among Adults Using Obesity Clinics: Jin-Hyang Yang, Myung-Ok Cho, Kayoung Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(5):759-770. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.5.759

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This ethnography was done to explore patterns of weight management behavior among adults using obesity clinics.

Methods

The participants were 12 adults who were overweight or obese and 2 family members. Data were collected from iterative fieldwork in the obesity clinics of two hospitals. Data were analyzed using text analysis and taxonomic methods.

Results

Weight management behaviors among participants varied according to the recognition of the body and motivation for weight control, Participants' behavior was discussed in the socio-cultural context of obesity. Patterns of weight management behavior among participants were categorized by focus: strategic self-oriented type including managements for the body as a social asset and for health, selective neglect type, and passive group value-oriented type including type dependent on others and managements for beauty.

Conclusion

Participants' weight management behavior was guided by folk concepts of body and health. and constructed within the socio-cultural context. It is necessary for health care providers to understand physical and psychological problems arising from the repeated trials, excessive control of weight, and Western cultural discourse on beauty ideals among adults who are overweight or obese. Therefore, interventions should be tailored to address individual and community needs.

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Ethnographic Analysis on Health-related Behavioral Patterns of Male College Students in a Weight-control Program
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Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2013; 27(2): 241. CrossRef

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Comparison of Cardiovascular Health Status and Health Behaviors in Korean Women based on Household Income: Young-Joo Park, Nah-Mee Shin, Ji-Won Yoon, Jiwon Choi, Sook-Ja Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;40(6):831-843. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.6.831

Abstract PDF

Purpose

In this study cardiovascular health status and health behavior of Korean women based on their household income were explored.

Methods

For this cross-sectional study, 91 women residing in the community were recruited to complete survey questionnaires and biophysical tests including blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), body fat rate, waist circumference (WC), and blood chemistry tests.

Results

Compared to non-low income women (NLIW), low income women (LIW) were more likely to be older, less educated, and jobless, and further more LIW were postmenopause and reported having been diagnosed with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia. Significant differences were found in systolic BP, triglyceride level, BMI, body fat rate, and WC between the groups. Two fifths of the LIW had indications for metabolic syndrome. Their 10-yr risk estimate of myocardioal infarction or coronary death demonstrated a higher probability than that of NLIW. Although these significant differences were due to age gap between the groups, advanced age is known to be one of the key characteristics of LIW as well as a non-modifiable risk factor.

Conclusion

Effective community programs for vulnerable women at risk of cardiovascular disease should be based on strategies targeting unhealthy behaviors and modifiable risk factors.

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Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(4): 463. CrossRef

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Comparison in Weight, Height, Degree of Obesity and Body Mass Index Among Different Methods for Body Shape Classification in School-Age Children: Young-mee Ahn, Min Sohn, Sun-Ha Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;40(6):775-784. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.6.775

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The study was conducted to describe body shapes of school age children using the degree of obesity index (DOI) and body mass index obesity index classified by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (M-BOI) and Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (S-BOI).

Methods

In this cross sectional descriptive study health screening data for school children collected in 2007 was used.

Results

Data were analyzed for 2,193 4th-6th grade boys (52%) and girls who attended 4 schools in rural areas. DOI determined that only 44.3% of students had average weight. This proportion was much lower than the results of other methods (74.3-77.6%). All three methods defined girls (51.3-61.8%) as skinnier than boys. Skinny and average body shaped children classified by DOI and obese children classified by S-BOI were heavier and taller and presented higher degrees of obesity (DO) and BMI scores than by other methods. M-BOI and S-BOI presented statistically significant positive correlations with weight, height, DO and BMI, while DOI was not correlated with height.

Conclusion

BMI based body shape classifications provide a more rigorous classification of body shape which are favorable for school health professionals with limited resources and policy makers for internationally comparable references.

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