Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Volume 39(4); August 2009

Original Articles

Impact of Eating Psychopathology, Obsessive-Compulsion and Depression on Self-Harm Behavior in Patients with Eating Disorders: Seong Sook Kong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):459-468. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.459

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to investigate psychological factors such as eating psychopathology, depression, and obsessive-compulsion that might influence self-harm behavior in patients with eating disorders.

Methods

Patients with eating disorders (n=135) who visited "M" clinic for eating disorders participated in the study. Data were collected from March to August 2007 using the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, Beck Depression Inventory, Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory, and Self-Harm Inventory (SHI).

Results

The participants scored high on self-harm as well as on depression and obsessive-compulsion. On the SHI, a high frequency of self harm behavior such as 'torturing self with self-defeating thoughts', 'abused alcohol', 'hit self', and 'suicide attempt' were found for the participants. There were significant correlations between most eating psychopathology variables, depression, obsessive-compulsion, and self-harm behavior. 'Interoceptive awareness' (eating psychopathology), depression, and 'checking' (obsessive-compulsion) were significant predictors of self-harm behavior.

Conclusion

Future interventions for patients with eating disorders should focus on assessing the possibility of self-harm and suicidal attempts, especially in those patients with high levels of eating psychopathology, depression, or obsessive-compulsion. Early intervention for depression and obsessive-compulsion could contribute to preventing self-harm and suicide in patients with eating disorders.

Citations

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Clinical Characteristics of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicide Attempts among Psychiatric Patients in Korea: A Retrospective Chart Review
Yubeen Bae, Yoanna Seong, Seok Hyeon Kim, Sojung Kim
Psychiatry Investigation.2020; 17(4): 320. CrossRef
Factors associated with Abnormal Eating Behaviors among Women College Students
Youjeong Choi, Suk-Sun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2017; 26(2): 134. CrossRef
Body Image Dissatisfaction as a Mediator of the Association between BMI, Self-esteem and Mental Health in Early Adolescents: A Multiple-group Path Analysis across Gender
Mi Heui Jang, Gyungjoo Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(2): 165. CrossRef
Factors associated with Multi-impulsivity in Women Patients with Eating Disorders
Seong Sook Kong
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2012; 21(2): 137. CrossRef

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Effectiveness of Public Health Center Smoking Cessation Counseling Program using the Transtheoretical Model: Yun Hee Kim, Jung Soon Kim, Myoung Soo Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):469-479. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.469

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of public health center smoking cessation counseling program using the transtheoretical model on the process of change, smoking temptation, decisional balance and stage change transition.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used for this study. The study population was 115 adult smokers. The counseling program was administered to the experimental group and a smoking cessation program from the Korean Ministry of Health & Welfare was administered to the control group. Descriptive analysis, χ²-test, t-test, and ANCOVA were used with the SPSS 12.0 program to analyze the data.

Results

After treatment with this program, the experimental group showed significantly higher scores for process of change (t=4.148, p<.001), smoking temptation (t=-2.988, p=.003), and stage change transition (χ²=5.871, p=.031) compared to the control group. Experimental group members also showed significantly lower score for Pros of smoking (t=-3.151, p=.002).

Conclusion

The findings indicate that this program could have positive effect on process of change, smoking temptation, decisional balance and stage transition for adult smokers. Based on these findings, the authors suggest additional counseling program focusing on smokers in specific stages.

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Riah Kim, Youngeun Park, Jieun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(3): 238. CrossRef
Effectiveness of a smoking cessation program on self-esteem, attitude, perception, and practice regarding control over smoking among male high school
Niyom Junnual, Chulaporn Sota, Anun Chaikoolvatana
Journal of Health Research.2019; 33(5): 366. CrossRef
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Eunjoo Kwon, Eun-Hee Nah
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Sang Mee Koo, Jeong Hee Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(2): 165. CrossRef
Development of tailored nutrition information messages based on the transtheoretical model for smartphone application of an obesity prevention and management program for elementary-school students
Ji Eun Lee, Da Eun Lee, Kirang Kim, Jae Eun Shim, Eunju Sung, Jae-Heon Kang, Ji-Yun Hwang
Nutrition Research and Practice.2017; 11(3): 247. CrossRef
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Minsoo Jung
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Eun-Shim Kim, Hye-Ok Choi
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Effects of a Smoking Cessation Program including Telephone Counseling and Text Messaging using Stages of Change for Outpatients after a Myocardial Infarction
Jung-Hyeon Kong, Yeongmi Ha
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(4): 557. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Preparation Stage to Quit Smoking in Men
Jeong-Woon Yeon, Hyeongsu Kim, Kunsei Lee, Sounghoon Chang, Heejung Choi, Eunmi Ham, Jun Pyo Myong
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2012; 42(3): 377. CrossRef
Stage-based interventions for smoking cessation
Kate Cahill, Tim Lancaster, Natasha Green
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2010;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of a Smoking Cessation Program on Processes of Change, Situational Temptation and Decisional Balance in Male University Student Smokers
Ju-Sung Kim, Sun-Ok Lee
Journal of muscle and joint health.2010; 17(2): 113. CrossRef

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Factors influencing Health-related Quality of Life in Korean Medicaid Beneficiaries: Sun-Woo Hong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):480-489. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.480

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors which influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Korean Medicaid beneficiaries. The relationships among sociodemographic factors, health status, health behavior, and HRQoL were analyzed

Methods

Data from the 2007 survey on Health Services Use and Health Status of Medicaid Beneficiaries conducted by the Ministry for Health Welfare and Family Affairs were examined. To analyze the sample survey data, descriptive statistics, correlation and hierarchical multiple survey regression analysis with SAS 9.1.3 package were used with SURVEYMEANS and SURVEYREG procedures, which incorporate the sample design into the analyses in order to make statistically valid inference for the whole Medicaid population.

Results

The HRQoL correlated with limitations in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (r=-.509, p<.001), stress (r=-.387, p<.001), depression (r=-.385, p<.001), alcohol consumption (r=.216, p<.001), and exercise (r=.293, p<.001). Significant factors that affect HRQoL of Medicaid beneficiaries were gender, region, limitations in ADL, stress, depression, alcohol consumption, and regular exercise. These variables explained 44.6% of HRQoL (F= 215.00, p<.001).

Conclusion

The results indicate that to improve the HRQoL of Medicaid beneficiaries it is important to develop nursing intervention programs that focus on psychological health and health behavior and to give consideration to differences in gender and region.

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Lilian Tzivian, Michael Friger, Talma Kushnir
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Min Jung Kim, Young-Ha Cho, Nam Hee Park
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Young Jin Ahn, Yun-Kyoung Choi
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Effects of Prevention Education on Human Papillomavirus linked to Cervix Cancer for Unmarried Female University Students: Hae Won Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):490-498. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.490

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to identify the effects of a Human Papillomavirus (HPV) linked to cervix cancer prevention education program for unmarried university female students. A new model in the cervix cancer prevention is provided.

Methods

The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 63 female students in one of two university in an experimental group (29 students) and control group (34 students). After 4 weeks education, the differences between the two groups in the measurement variables were compared. Twelve weeks later, a follow-up test was done for experimental group only.

Results

After the education, experimental group showed significantly higher scores in all variables, the intention for Pap test (Z=-3.73, p<.001), intention for HPV vaccination (Z=-3.14, p=.002), general cancer prevention behavior (Z=-2.20, p=.028), attitudes to Pap (Z=-3.23, p=.001), benefits of cancer prevention behavior (Z=-3.97, p<.001), and HPV linked to cervix cancer knowledge (Z=-5.40, p<.001). In the follow-up study, the experimental group showed intermediate effects in intention for Pap test, intention of HPV vaccination and HPV linked to cervix cancer knowledge as well as short term effects in general cancer prevention behavior, attitudes to Pap and benefits of cancer prevention behavior.

Conclusion

The program developed for this study on prevention education of HPV linked to cervix cancer was effective for unmarried university students in the short term and intermediate duration. Other educational approaches should be developed and short term effects and longitudinal changes of the education should be assessed. This education program should also be replicated for other female groups including unmarried working women or female adolescents.

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Awareness of Pap testing and factors associated with intent to undergo Pap testing by level of sexual experience in unmarried university students in Korea: results from an online survey
Hae Won Kim
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Factors influencing Nurses' Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Junhee Park, Eunkyung Yun, Sangsook Han; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):499-507. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.499

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to identify the factors that influence nurses' organizational citizenship behavior.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was used, with a convenience sample of 547 nurses from four university hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey done from September 22 to October 10, 2008. The tools used for this study were scales on organizational citizenship behavior (14 items), self-leadership (14 items), empowerment (10 items), organizational commitment (7 items), job satisfaction (8 items) and transformational·transactional leadership (14 items). Cronbach's alpha and factor analysis were examined to test reliability and construct validity of the scale. The data collected were processed using SPSS Window 15.0 Program for actual numbers and percentages, differences in the dependent variable according to general characteristics, and means, standard deviations, correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis.

Results

The factors influencing nurses' organizational citizenship behavior were identified as self-leadership (β=.247), empowerment (β=.233), job satisfaction (β=.209), organizational commitment (β=.158), and transactional leadership (β=.142). Five factors explained 42.0% of nurses' organizational citizenship behavior.

Conclusion

The results of this study can be used to develop further management strategies for enhancement of nurses' organizational citizenship behavior.

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Development and Application of a Feeding Program for Infants Postoperatively following Cardiac Surgery: Ju Ryoung Moon, Yong Ae Cho, Sun In Min, Ji-Hyuk Yang, June Huh, Yeon Yi Jung; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):508-517. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.508

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Despite recent advances in the surgical and postoperative management of infants with congenital heart disease, nutritional support for this population is often suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to develop a nutritional program for the postoperative period for infants who have had cardiac surgery and to evaluate effects of the program.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest measures was used. A newly developed nutritional program including a feeding protocol and feeding flow was provided to the study group (n=19) and usual feeding care to the control group (n=19). The effects of the feeding program were analyzed in terms of total feed intake, total calorie intake, gastric residual volume, and frequency of diarrhea.

Results

Calorie intake and feeding amount in the study group were significantly increased compared to the control group. However, the two groups showed no significant differences in gastric residual volume and frequency of diarrhea.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the nutritional program used in the study is an effective nursing intervention program in increasing feeding amount and calorie intake in infants postoperative to cardiac surgery and does not cause feeding-related complications.

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A Prediction Model Development on Quality of Life in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Hye Sook Kim, Hyang Sook So; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):518-527. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.518

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing quality of life in kidney transplant recipients and to understand the concrete pathway of influence and the power of each variable, so that integrated prediction model to promote the quality of life of kidney transplant recipients could be developed.

Methods

The sample was composed of 218 patients in follow-up care after a kidney transplant in one of 4 university hospitals in the Honam area. A structured questionnaire was used and the collected data were analyzed for fitness, using the LISREL program.

Results

This model was concise and extensive in predicting the quality of life of kidney transplant recipients.

Conclusion

The research verified the factors influencing quality of life for kidney transplant recipients and it verified that direct factors such as perception of health state, compliance, self-efficacy, stress and indirect factors such as self-efficacy and social support can be important factors to predict the quality of life for recipients. Moreover, those variables represent 87% of variance in explaining quality of life in a prediction model so that the variables can be utilized to predict quality of life for kidney transplant recipients.

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Effects of a Palliative Care Program based on Home Care Nursing: Moon Sook Hwang, Ho Sihn Ryu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):528-538. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.528

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to develop and test a palliative care program based on home care nursing.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was employed. Changes in the variables were evaluated to test effects of the developed program. Participants were patients with terminal cancer and their families receiving home care nursing from six hospitals (experimental group: 24 and control group: 22). Data collection was conducted from February to October, 2006. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyse the data.

Results

Hypothesis 1, the experimental group receiving this program will experience less pain (severe, average, weak pain) than the control group, was supported. Hypothesis 2, the experimental group will have less symptom experience than the control group, was supported. Hypothesis 3, the experimental group will have higher QOL than the control group, was supported and the last hypothesis 4, family burden in the experimental group will be less than the control group, was supported.

Conclusion

The home care nursing based palliative program developed in this study was found to be an effective program to reduce patient pain and symptom experience, to improve patient QOL and to decrease family burden.

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Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(3): 212. CrossRef
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Yeong Jun Ju, Woorim Kim, Yoon Soo Choy, Joo Eun Lee, Sang Ah Lee, Jieun Jang, Eun-Cheol Park
The Korean Journal of Medicine.2019; 94(3): 273. CrossRef
Effects of Integrated Palliative Care Intervention on Quality of Life in Terminal Cancer Patients: A Meta-analysis
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Barbara Gomes, Natalia Calanzani, Vito Curiale, Paul McCrone, Irene J Higginson, Maja de Brito
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Chai-Soon Park, Yang-Sook Yoo, Dong-Won Choi, Hyun-Jeong Park, Ji-In Kim
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Model Construction of Sexual Satisfaction in Patients with a Colostomy: Seungmi Park, Keum-Soon Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):539-548. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.539

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was designed to construct and test the structural equation model on sexual satisfaction in patients with a colostomy.

Methods

The model construction was based upon Roy's adaptation model. Stoma-related discomfort (SRD), age, frequency of sexual intercourse, treatment modality, and gender affect sexual satisfaction and are mediated by physical, psychosocial, and interdependence modes. Each mode was conceptualized as sexual function, body image/depression, and marital intimacy. The patients were 112 colostomates with colorectal cancer who were asked to complete a mail-back survey on their demographic data, SRD, body image, depression, marital intimacy, sexual function, and sexual satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 15.0 and AMOS WIN 7.0.

Results

Significant variables for sexual satisfaction in the final model were body image affected by SRD, depression affected by body image and SRD, marital intimacy affected by depression, and sexual function affected by marital intimacy.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that specific guidelines for SRD are necessary to improve sexual satisfaction among colostomates. Nurses should be vigilant in monitoring depression and body image disturbance, and providing appropriate interventions to increase marital intimacy. Treatment modality, gender, and age should be considered in developing education programs pertaining to sexuality.

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Sun Young Nam, Hyangkyu Lee, Sue Kim, Ryung-Ah Lee
Asian Oncology Nursing.2018; 18(1): 1. CrossRef
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Seungmi Park, In Sun Jang, Yeon S. Kim
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Factors Influencing the Sexual Satisfaction of Middle-aged Women
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Work-related Stress and Risk Factors among Korean Employees: Eun Sook Choi, Yeongmi Ha; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):549-561. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.549

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Work-related stress and risk factors among Korean employees were identified in this study.

Methods

Data were obtained from employees aged 20 to 64 using the Korean Working Conditions Survey 2006 (KWCS). Multiple logistic regression analysis using SAS version 9.1 was performed to examine risk factors of work-related stress by gender.

Results

The age-adjusted prevalence of work-related stress among male and female employees was 18.4% and 15.1% respectively. After adjustments for multiple variables among both male and female employees, there was a significant relationship between work-related stress and risk factors including education, company size, work time, ergonomic risks, biological·chemical risks, and job demands. The significant variables for male employees were housework load, occupational class, and shift work, and for female employees, type of employment.

Conclusion

There is a need to develop and support intensive stress management programs nationally giving consideration to work-related stress associated with working time, physical working environment, and job demands. Based on gender specific approaches, for male employes, stress management programs should be developed with consideration being given to occupational class and shift work. For stress management programs for female employees, consideration needs to be given to permanent employment status, specifically those in small companies.

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Effects of a Robot Pet-assisted Program for Elderly People with Dementia: Jung Hee Song; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):562-573. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.562

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects on the cognitive function, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), mood, social behaviors, and problematic behaviors of robot pet-assisted program for elderly people with dementia.

Methods

This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 32 elders with dementia. Seventeen were assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. The intervention was conducted twice a week for 6 weeks.

Results

1) After the program, cognitive function, ADL, and social behaviors did not show significant differences. 2) After the program, mood of experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group. 3) After the program, problematic behaviors of the experimental group were significantly more diminished than those of control group. 4) As a result of analyzing the response, robot pet-assisted program was effective such as inducing a positive emotional state and increasing communication and interaction.

Conclusion

The robot pet-assisted program was effective in changing the mood and diminishing problematic behaviors and had positive effects such as increasing communication and interaction for elders with dementia. Therefore, this program should be considered as a positive program for physical and emotional support for elders with dementia.

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Vivian Welch, Elizabeth T. Ghogomu, Victoria I. Barbeau, Sierra Dowling, Rebecca Doyle, Ella Beveridge, Elisabeth Boulton, Payaam Desai, Jimmy Huang, Nour Elmestekawy, Tarannum Hussain, Arpana Wadhwani, Sabrina Boutin, Niobe Haitas, Dylan Kneale, Douglas
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Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(4): 604. CrossRef
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Methods and Applications to estimate the Conversion Factor of Resource-based Relative Value Scale for Nurse-Midwife's Delivery Service in the National Health Insurance: Jinhyun Kim, Yoomi Jung; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):574-583. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.574

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This paper analyzed alternative methods of calculating the conversion factor for nurse-midwife's delivery services in the national health insurance and estimated the optimal reimbursement level for the services.

Methods

A cost accounting model and Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) model were developed to estimate the conversion factor of Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS) for nurse-midwife's services, depending on the scope of revenue considered in financial analysis. The data and sources from the government and the financial statements from nurse-midwife clinics were used in analysis.

Results

The cost accounting model and SGR model showed a 17.6-37.9% increase and 19.0-23.6% increase, respectively, in nurse-midwife fee for delivery services in the national health insurance. The SGR model measured an overall trend of medical expenditures rather than an individual financial status of nurse-midwife clinics, and the cost analysis properly estimated the level of reimbursement for nurse-midwife's services.

Conclusion

Normal vaginal delivery in nurse-midwife clinics is considered cost-effective in terms of insurance financing. Upon a declining share of health expenditures on midwife clinics, designing a reimbursement strategy for midwife's services could be an opportunity as well as a challenge when it comes to efficient resource allocation.

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Ji Young Song, Young-Joo Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(4): 583. CrossRef
Methods and Estimates of the Reimbursement for the Nurse Midwifery Center in the National Health Insurance
Hyomin Im, Jinhyun Kim
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(4): 328. CrossRef

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Effects of Exercise Intervention on Physical Fitness and Health-relalted Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients: Eun-Joung Jang, Hee-Seung Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):584-593. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.584

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching, muscle strengthening, and walking exercise on the cardiopulmonary function and health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

Methods

Twenty-one patients in the intervention and the control group participated in the exercise respectively on maintenance hemodialysis at four university hospitals. The exercise was composed of 20 to 60 min per session, 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The effect of exercise was assessed by cardiopulmonary function (peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, maximal heart rate, and exercise duration) using a cycle ergometer. Grip strength was measured by dynamometer, and flexibility was measured by sit and reach measuring instrument. Health-related quality of life was measured using Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36.

Results

Peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, exercise duration, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale were significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 week's exercise compared to the control group.

Conclusion

These findings indicate the exercise can improve cardiopulmonary function, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale of health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

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Monaline Nascimento Alves, Aenoan Souza Soares, Patrícia Melo Marinho
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Xianying Lu, Jing Yang, Dingxi Bai, Chenxi Wu, Mingjin Cai, Wei Wang, Jiali He, Xiaoyan Gong, Jing Gao, Chaoming Hou
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Sun-Ki Kim, Hye-Ja Park, Dong Ho Yang, Hye Yun Jeong
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(2): 149. CrossRef
Effects of a Muscle Strength Reinforcement Exercise Program for Older Adult Patients on Hemodialysis
Jena Lee
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Effects of Pilates exercise on general health of hemodialysis patients
Zahra Rahimimoghadam, Zahra Rahemi, Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz, Zohre Sadat
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Yueh-Min Liu, Yu-Chu Chung, Jung-San Chang, Mei-Ling Yeh
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Hyun Sook Sohn, Mi Jin Lee, Seon Mi Kang, Young Ok Han, Kyung Hee Moon, Dong Il Kim, Yun Joo Lee, Justin Y. Jeon, Sang Hui Chu
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2013; 15(1): 15. CrossRef
Effects of Progressive Resistance Training on Body Composition, Physical Fitness and Quality of Life of Patients on Hemodialysis
Woo-Jung Song, Kyeong-Yae Sohng
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Effects of Structured Arm Exercise on Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis in Hemodialysis Patient
Aee Lee Kim
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Susanne Heiwe, Stefan H Jacobson
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Impact of Life Style Characteristics on Prevalence Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Ji-Soo Yoo, Jeong In Jeong, Chang Gi Park, Se Won Kang, Jeong-Ah Ahn; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):594-601. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.594

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of life style characteristics on the prevalence risk of metabolic syndrome (MS).

Methods

A total of 581 adults were recruited from a cardiovascular outpatient clinic. A newly developed comprehensive life style evaluation tool for MS patients was used, and patient data related to the MS diagnosis were reviewed from the hospital records.

Results

The overall prevalence of MS was 53.2%, and the mean of MS score was 2.6 for patients at a cardiovascular outpatient clinic (78% of the patients had hypertension). Dietary habits among the life style characteristics had significant influence on the prevalence risk of MS and MS scores. And also interestingly, the classification and regression tree (CART) model suggested that the high prevalence risk groups for MS were older adults (61.5≤age<79.4), and adults between 48.5 and 61.5 yr of age with bad dietary habits.

Conclusion

This study indicates that nurses should focus on dietary habits of patients (especially patients classified as high prevalence risk for MS) for improvement and prevention of MS prevalence risk.

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Anger Expression Type and Mental Health in Middle Aged Women: Il-Rim Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):602-612. Published online August 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.602

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify type of anger expression and mental health in middle aged women.

Methods

From August to October 2005, survey data were collected by using the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory and Symptom Check List-90-Revision (SCL). Participants (1,442) were classified into four types of anger expression by K-mean cluster analysis. For collecting interview data for content analysis, 18 participants (4-5 participants from each type of anger expression) were recruited. The interview data were collected between March and September 2006.

Results

The average score of the state anger of middle-aged women was 11.95, and that of the trait anger was 18.75. The average anger expression scores were 12.72 for Anger-In, 13.45 for Anger-Out, and 18.51 for Anger-Control. The average SCL scores were 45.03 for somatization, 42.23 for obsessive-compulsiveness, 42.44 for interpersonal sensitivity, 42.45 for depression, 42.40 for anxiety, 42.62 for hostility, 44.44 for phobic anxiety, 43.65 for paranoid ideation, and 43.08 for psychoticism. The anger expression types identified in this study were 1) anger-out in secret, 2) anger-control with a patience, 3) anger-out with suppression, and 4) low anger expression type. The psychosomatic symptom scores were the highest in type III (anger-out with suppression), and the lowest in type IV (low anger expression type).

Conclusion

This study can be helpful in assisting middle aged women to control their anger effectively and may contribute to the improvement of their mental health.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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