Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Papers

Effectiveness of the Eye Care Protocol in the Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Lim, Kyu Won , Ha, Shin Young , Kang, In Soon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(3):432-445. Published online August 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24017

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study investigated the effects of an eye care protocol (ECP) on patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
This study utilized a randomized controlled design. Participants were patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the ICU (36 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group). The experimental group received an ECP, while the control group received standard eye care, starting the day after admission, for a duration of 10 days. The ECP classifies the degree of eyelid obstruction into three stages based on the degree of exposure to the lower eyelid conjunctiva and cornea. The protocol included cleansing with normal saline gauze, administering eye drops, applying silicone and polyurethane films, and recommending consultation with an ophthalmologist if necessary. The effectiveness of ECP was assessed by analyzing tear volume, hyperemia, chemosis, and eye discharge. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0, employing the Mann-Whitney U-test and generalized estimating equations.
Results
On day 5, the experimental group demonstrated a significant increase in tear volume in both eyes compared with the control group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence of hyperemia, chemosis, and eye discharge on days 5 and 10 of the intervention.
Conclusion
The application of the ECP in this study increased tear volume in ICU patients, thereby reducing discomfort caused by dry eyes. It has the potential to prevent complications such as damage to the surface of the eyeball resulting from decreased tear volume.

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Lived Experience of Middle-Aged Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Seo, Young-suk , Lee, Sunhee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(6):598-607. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22086

Purpose
This qualitative study aimed to explore the lived and true meaning of experiences of middle-aged patients with complex regional pain syndrome.
Methods
The participants were 10 men and women aged 40 to 60 years who received outpatient treatment at a university hospital, could communicate, and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected through individual interviews using open and semi-structured questions from September 2019 to July 2021 and were analyzed using the content analysis method suggested by Hsieh and Shannon (2005).
Results
As a result of this study, 42 summarized semantic units related to life experience, 15 subthemes, and seven themes were derived. The seven themes were “pressed by severe pain,” “frustrated because I cannot be part of the community,” “distressed because people do not recognize my disease,” “sad about conflicts with family,” “unmotivated because of desperate life,” “appreciating for support,” and “putting oneself together and living daily life.” Conclusion: The vivid experiences of the participants derived in this study are the basic data for developing treatment guidelines. In the future, we propose a study on life and family care experiences according to the developmental characteristics of the life cycle of patients with complex regional pain syndrome and develop and apply programs to support patients and their families.

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Experiences of diagnosis and treatment for upper limb Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: a qualitative analysis
Grace S Griffiths, Bronwyn L Thompson, Deborah L Snell, Jennifer A Dunn
Pain Medicine.2023; 24(12): 1355. CrossRef

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Development and Evaluation of an Integrated Health Management Program for Psychiatric Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: Kwak, Yun Bock , Kim, Ji Young; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(3):261-277. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21222

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study developed an integrated health management program for metabolic syndrome in psychiatric patients and examined its effects on self-efficacy, healthy lifestyle, physiological indicators, knowledge of metabolic syndrome, attitudes toward healthy behavior, and social support.
Methods
A non-equivalent control group pretest posttest design was used. The participants were 65 psychiatric patients with metabolic syndrome in psychiatric rehabilitation centers, with 33 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group. The experimental group participants engaged in daily mobile application and walking exercises three times a week for more than 40 minutes over 8 weeks, while those in the control group were provided education booklets. The outcomes were measured using self-report questionnaires, anthropometrics, and blood analyses. Intervention effects were analyzed using the independent t-test, Mann—Whitney U test, ANCOVA, and Ranked ANCOVA.
Results
The experimental group showed a significant increase in self-efficacy (F = 8.85, p = .004, η_p2 = .13) and knowledge of metabolic syndrome (t = 2.60, p = .012, d = 0.60) compared to the control group. Additionally, the experimental group demonstrated a significant decrease in waist circumference (Z = - 2.34, p = .009, d = 0.58) and body mass index (Z = - 1.91, p = .028, d = 0.47) compared to the control group.
Conclusion
The integrated health management program for psychiatric patients with metabolic syndrome is effective in improving self-efficacy and knowledge of metabolic syndrome and decreasing physiological indicators such as waist circumference and body mass index.

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User evaluation of a mobile education application for the management of metabolic syndrome among cancer survivors
Ji-Su Kim, Minhae Kim, Yeji Seo
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2023; 63: 102276. CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based Self-Management Program for Korean Adult Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Based on the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills Model
Seohyeon Hwang, Woori Na, Dayoung Oh, Cheongmin Sohn
Applied Sciences.2023; 13(12): 6915. CrossRef
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(4): 378. CrossRef

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Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the COVID Stress Scale: Meltem, Demirgöz Bal , Melike, Dişsiz , Fadime, Bayri Bingöl; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(5):525-536. Published online October 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21106

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the Turkish adaptation of the COVID Stress Scale (CSS) on the basis of determining the stress caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, and to test its validity and reliability.
Methods
The English CSS was translated into Turkish using forward and backward translation. Data were collected online from 360 participants. Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and content validity. Pearson product-moment correlation, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, and test-retest methods were used to evaluate reliability.
Results
The Turkish version of the CSS has 36 items consistent with the original scale and has five factors: COVID danger and contamination, socioeconomic consequences of COVID, COVID xenophobia, traumatic stress due to COVID, and compulsive checking for COVID. The construct validity of the Turkish version of the CSS was verified by the adjusted goodness of fit index > .85, and comparative fit index > .95. The content validity index of each item was 91%. The corrected item-total correlations of the scale ranged from .51 to .89. Internal consistency was reliable, with a Cronbach’s α of .93.
Conclusion
The Turkish version of the CSS is valid and reliable. It can be used as a measurement tool for the assessment of COVID-related stress.

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The long-term impact of the covid-19 pandemic on patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Büşra Uçar Bostan, Cana Aksoy Poyraz, Beril Kara Esen, Nazife Gamze Usta Sağlam
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Is there evidence for factorial invariance of the COVID Stress Scales? an analysis of North American and cross-cultural populations
Blake A. E. Boehme, Laura Kinsman, Steven Taylor, Gordon J. G. Asmundson
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Psychometric evaluation and item response theory analysis of the COVID Stress Scales in an older adult population
Kylie A. Arsenault, Ying C. MacNab, Gordon G. J. G. Asmundson, Thomas Hadjistavropoulos
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Psychometric properties of a brief version of the COVID‐19 Stress Scales (CSS‐B) in young adult undergraduates
Tabatha Thibault, Kara Thompson, Matthew Keough, Marvin Krank, Patricia Conrod, Mackenzie Moore, Sherry H. Stewart
Stress and Health.2023; 39(1): 154. CrossRef
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Elif PAKLACI, Elif KAYA AYDOĞDU, Besey ÖREN
Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi.2023; 27(3): 138. CrossRef
Initial translation and validation of the Brief Version of the COVID-19 Stress Scales (CSS-B)
Razieh Bandari, Majideh Heravi- Karimooi, Mahsa Tebyanian, Hossein Shahcheragh
Payesh (Health Monitor) Journal.2023; 22(5): 617. CrossRef
Does COVID-19 related symptomatology indicate a transdiagnostic neuropsychiatric disorder? - Multidisciplinary implications
Sari Goldstein Ferber, Gal Shoval, Gil Zalsman, Aron Weller
World Journal of Psychiatry.2022; 12(8): 1004. CrossRef
The adaption of the Chinese version of the COVID Stress Scales as a screening instrument of stress: Psychometric properties during the COVID-19 pandemic
Lu Xia, Qiaoping Lian, Haibo Yang, Daxing Wu
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Effectiveness of Multi Interventional Package on Selected Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome among Women - A Pilot Study: Elizabeth, Attonassary Jose , Aruna, Swaminathan , Mercy, Parayidathil Joseph; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):523-532. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20012

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of multi interventional package (MIP) and lifestyle interventions (LI) on physiological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome, to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on biochemical parameters of women with metabolic syndrome and to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on socio-psychological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome.
Methods
A quasi experimental nonequivalent control group design with two experimental groups and one control group was used to collect data from 60 self-help group women. Samples were selected by multistage sampling. Reflexology foot massage, dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to MIP group and dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to LI group for 12 weeks. Control group received routine care. Demographic and clinical data sheets were used to collect basic information. Knowledge was assessed by a knowledge questionnaire. Physiological (weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (HDL, triglycerides and FBS) were assessed before and after the intervention.
Results
The study found significant change in the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome as well as knowledge among the MIP group and LI group compared to the control group (p < .001).
Conclusion
MIP and LI are effective in controlling the parameters of metabolic syndrome. Hence the guidance may be provided to women with metabolic syndrome for adopting necessary lifestyle changes as well as reflexology foot massage to control the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome.

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Effects of BeHaS Program on Health Behavior, Physiologic Index and Self-Esteem of the Elderly Living Alone with Metabolic Syndrome Based on Community Based Participatory Research: Kim, Jong Im , Kim, Sun Ae , Park, Keumok , Kim, Jiyoung , Lee, Lina , Choi, Si Wan , Ku, Bon Jeong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):571-582. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19261

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the effects of a 12-week metabolic syndrome BeHaS (Be Happy and Strong) program in elderly people with metabolic syndrome living alone, based on a community-based participatory research (CBPR).
Methods
A nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design was used, and the participants were 43 elderly people living alone (experimental group 24, control group 19). The experimental group received a one-hour program per week and two individual health consultations during 12 weeks. The control group received two sessions about the metabolic syndrome and two individual health consultations. The effects of health behavior, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, abdominal circumference, triglycerides, and self-esteem were evaluated. The data were analyzed using the independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results
The health behavior with respect to the metabolic syndrome in the experimental group increased significantly (t = - 3.19, p = .002). Both diastolic blood pressure and abdominal circumference decreased in the experimental group (t = 2.00, p = .028 and t = 3.91, p < .001). No significant differences were observed between the groups in systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar levels, triglycerides, and self-esteem.
Conclusion
The 12-week metabolic syndrome BeHaS program using community resources improves the health of elderly people with metabolic syndrome living alone. Based on these findings, further studies on the effectiveness of the metabolic syndrome BeHaS program and the experiences of those who participated in the CBPR are warranted.

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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(2): 173. CrossRef

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Research Paper

Secondary Data Analysis on the Factors Influencing Premenstrual Symptoms of Shift Work Nurses: Focused on the Sleep and Occupational Stress: Baek, Jihyun , Choi-Kwon, Smi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):631-640. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19230

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to examine premenstrual symptoms (PMS) of shift nurses and identify the association between PMS, sleep, and occupational stress.
Methods
This study was conducted with a secondary data analysis that used data from the Shift Work Nurse’s Health and Turnover study. The participants were 258 nurses who were working in shifts including night shifts. PMS, sleep patterns (sleep time and sleep time variability), sleep quality, and the occupational stress of each participant were measured using the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, a sleep diary, an actigraph, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and STATA 15.1 to obtain descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) and Baron and Kenny’s mediating analysis.
Results
The average PMS score, average sleep time, average sleep time variability, average sleep quality score, and average occupational stress score of the participants was 53.95 ± 40.45, 7.52 ± 0.89 hours, 32.84 ± 8.43%, 12.34 ± 5.95, and 49.89 ± 8.98, respectively. A multiple linear regression analysis with GEE indicated that sleep time variability (B = 0.86, p = .001), and sleep quality (B = 2.36, p < .001) had negative effects on nurses’ PMS. We also found that sleep quality had a complete mediating effect in the relationship between occupational stress and PMS.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that both sleep time variability and sleep quality are important factors associated with PMS among shift work nurses. To improve shift nurses’ PMS status, strategies are urgently needed to decrease sleep time variability and increase sleep quality.

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Hospital Nurses’ Professional Quality of Life Model: A Cross‐Sectional Study Based on the Expanded Job Demands‐Resources Model
Younghee Kim, Mi Yu, Jacopo Fiorini
Journal of Nursing Management.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Premenstrual Symptoms Risk Factors Among Newly Graduated Nurses in Shift Work: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Iksoo Huh, Smi Choi-Kwon, Jison Ki, Soyeon Kim, Jihyun Baek
Asian Nursing Research.2024; 18(5): 501. CrossRef
Premenstrual Syndrome’s Impact on Work-Related Quality of Life Among Jordanian Nurses
Yamamah Al-Hmaid, Othman Beni Yonis, Mais Alkhalili, Khalid Kheirallah
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Shift nurses’ social jetlag, anxiety, and premenstrual symptoms: A cross-sectional study
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Secondary Data Analysis on the Quality of Sleep and Related Factors of Novice and Experienced Shift Work Nurses
Minjeong Yu, Smi Choi-Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(5): 646. CrossRef

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Review Article

A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Mind-Body Therapy on Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Choi, Eun Hui , Kim, Moon Ja , Lee, Eun Nam; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):385-400. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19224

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Previous randomized controlled trials (RCT) found that mind-body therapy can improve the health outcomes of patients with irritablebowel syndrome (IBS). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the combined effects of mind-body therapy on patients’ IBSsymptoms, quality of life, anxiety, and depression.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using various databases such asPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL CENTRAL, DBpia, RISS, and KISS. The primary outcome variables were IBS symptoms and quality of life; the secondaryoutcome variables were anxiety and depression. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.0 was used to analyze the extracted data.The effect size was calculated using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Eleven final RCTs wereused for this meta-analysis. Mind-body therapy was found to have a significant effect on the IBS patients’ symptoms (SMD, -0.63; 95% CI,-0.77 to -0.48), quality of life (SMD, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.66), anxiety (SMD, -0.28; 95% CI, -0.47 to -0.09), and depression (SMD,-0.31; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.12).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis reveals that mind-body therapy significantly improves IBS patients’ symptoms,quality of life, anxiety, and depression. The results suggest that, in the future, appropriate mind-body therapy should be applied toKoreans suffering from IBS. Moreover, the therapy’s long-term effects should be assessed.

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Original Articles

Effect of Resistance Exercise Program for Middle-Aged Women with Myofascial Pain Syndrome on Shoulder Pain, Angle of Shoulder Range of Motion, and Body Composition Randomized Controlled Trial, RCT: Kim, WonJong , Hur, Myung-Haeng; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(2):286-297. Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.2.286

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of myofascial pain syndrome on shoulder pain, range of motion, and body composition around the shoulder in middle-aged women.
Methods
A total of 72 women participated in the randomized controlled trial. The subjects were grouped into an experimental group (n=39) and a control group (n=33). The experimental group received a resistance exercise program using an elastic band for 8 weeks, 3 days a week. The control group followed a normal daily for 8 weeks. Measurements were conducted three times; before the experimental treatment (pre-test), the 2nd and 8th weeks after treatment.
Results
Regarding the general characteristics and homogeneity of the dependent variables, there were no significant differences between the two groups, except for the thickness of the left and right muscles and the left fat. After treatment, shoulder pain was significantly different between the two groups (F=18.54, p <.001) and the range of shoulder motion was significantly different (left, F=86.70, p <.001; right, F=98.66, p <.001). Furthermore, there were a significant differences in the thickness of muscles between the two groups (left, F=40.20, p <.001; right, F=29.57, p <.001); however, the thickness of fat was not significantly different.
Conclusion
The resistance exercise program reduces shoulder pain and improves the range of motion of the shoulder joint and increases muscle mass on around the shoulder. It suggests to conduct a study to confirm the long-term exercise effect.

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Effect of Resistance Training with Different Set Structures on Neurotrophic Factors and Obesity-Related Biomarkers in Middle-Aged Korean Women with Obesity
Hyun Seok Bang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(9): 3135. CrossRef
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Yu-jin Lee, Jun-hwa Hong, Myung-haeng Hur, Eun-young Seo
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Menstrual Cycle Characteristics and Premenstrual Syndrome Prevalence Based on the Daily Record of Severity of Problems in Korean Young Adult Women: Yae-Ji Kim, Young-Joo Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):147-157. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.147

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

This descriptive study aimed to identify the menstrual cycle characteristics and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) prevalence in Korean young adult women using the retrospective and prospective Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP).

Methods:

In the first stage, participants included 151 nursing students studying in a university located in Seoul. Data were collected from April 20 to June 2, 2017, using the questionnaire on menstrual characteristics, pictorial blood assessment chart, and retrospective DRSP. In the second stage, participants included 17 students with PMS, based on the screening conducted in the first stage. Data were collected using the prospective DRSP from May 29 to 2 September 2, 2017.

Results:

Of the study sample, 104 participants (68.9%) had regular periods. Those with regular periods had 11.97 periods annually with a menstrual cycle of 29.38 days and a period duration of 5.72 days. Fifty-five participants (37.4%) showed menorrhagia. Sixty-four participants (42.4%) were found to have PMS based on their retrospective DRSP. When the ratio of women (52.9%) with PMS shown in the prospective DRSP was used as a positive predictive value, the estimated PMS prevalence was 22.4%.

Conclusion

This study provides clinically significant PMS prevalence among Korean young adult women, positive predictive value of the retrospective DRSP, and valid data to basically understand the menstrual cycle characteristics experienced by these women.

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Incidence of Colon Cancer Related to Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: Prospective Cohort Study: Ahra Jo, Heeyoung Oh; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(6):713-723. Published online December 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.6.713

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on the incidence of colon cancer in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Methods

This study employed a longitudinal study design and utilized secondary data drawn from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The data of a sample of 2,327 adults with metabolic syndrome tracked every two years from 2001 to 2014 were used in this study. Statistical data analyses of the frequency, number of cases per 100,000 person-years, log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier curve, and Cox's proportional hazards regression were performed using IBM SPSS statistics version 24.

Results

During the observation period, the number of colon cancer cases was 46, and the total person-years were 252,444. The incidence of colon cancer was higher in current, over 10 pack-year smokers when compared to non-smokers (hazard ratio=3.38, 95% confidence interval=1.09~8.42).

Conclusion

Excessive and long-term smoking should be avoided to prevent colon cancer, especially in adults with metabolic syndrome, since it might exacerbate the risk factors of colon cancer. Particularly, health professionals need to provide individualized smoking cessation interventions to those at high risk of colon cancer.

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The Influence of Grit on Turnover Intention of University Hospital Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Job Involvement: Ji Yeong Jeong, Youn Sook Seo, Jung Hoon Choi, Seong Hee Kim, Min Sook Lee, Sung Hwa Hong, Jung Suk Choi, Da Eun Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(2):181-190. Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.2.181

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to confirm the mediating effect of job involvement in the relationship between grit and turnover intention among nurses working at university hospitals.

Methods

Participants included 437 nurses from university hospitals located in C city, Gyeongnam. Data were collected from January 8 to 19, 2018, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression, with the SPSS/22.0 program. A mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny, and bootstrapping methods.

Results

There were significant relationships between grit and job involvement (r=.40, p<.001), grit and turnover intention (r=−.29, p<.001), and turnover intention and job involvement (r=−.52, p<.001). Job involvement showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between grit and turnover intention.

Conclusion

Grit increased job involvement and lowered turnover intention. Therefore, to reduce nurses' turnover intention, it is necessary to develop a program and strategies to increase their grit.

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Life Experiences of Uninfected Women Living with HIV-Infected Husbands: A Phenomenological Study: Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(6):781-793. Published online December 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.6.781

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to understand the meaning and essence of the life experiences of uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands.

Methods

This qualitative study adopted van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological method. Study participants were 8 females whose husband had been diagnosed with HIV for longer than 6 months, who had known about their husband's infection for more than 6 months, who were in a legal or common-law marriage and were living with their husbands at the time of interview for this study, and whose HIV antibody test results were negative. Data were collected from in-depth individual interviews with the participants from May to August 2016, and from related idiomatic expressions, literature, artwork, and phenomenological references.

Results

The following essential themes were identified regarding the life experiences of uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands: ‘experiencing an abrupt change that came out of the blue and caused confusion’, ‘accepting one's fate and making desperate efforts to maintain one's family’, ‘dealing with a heavy burden alone’, ‘experiencing the harsh reality and fearful future’, and ‘finding consolation in the ordeal’.

Conclusion

This study provided a holistic and in-depth understanding of the meaning and essence of the life experiences of uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands. Thus, this study recognizes these unnoticed women as new nursing subjects. Further, the present findings can be used as important basic data for the development of nursing interventions and national policy guidelines for uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands.

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Using decision tree analysis to understand the influence of social networks on disclosure of HIV infection status
Gwang Suk Kim, Mi-So Shim, Jeongmin Yi
AIDS Care.2022; 34(1): 118. CrossRef
Factors Influencing the Initiation of Treatment after the Diagnosis of Korean Patients with HIV
Mi-So Shim, Gwang Suk Kim, Chang Gi Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(3): 279. CrossRef

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A Structural Model for Premenstrual Coping in University Students: Based on Biopsychosocial Model: Myung-Ock Chae, Hae Ok Jeon, Ahrin Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(2):257-266. Published online April 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.2.257

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The aims of this study were to construct a hypothetical structural model which explains premenstrual coping in university students and to test the fitness with collected data.

Methods

Participants were 206 unmarried women university students from 3 universities in A and B cities. Data were collected from March 29 until April 30, 2016 using self-report structured questionnaires and were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 18.0.

Results

Physiological factor was identified as a significant predictor of premenstrual syndrome (t=6.45, p<.001). This model explained 22.1% of the variance in premenstrual syndrome. Psychological factors (t=-2.49, p=.013) and premenstrual syndrome (t=8.17, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of premenstrual coping. Also this model explained 30.9% of the variance in premenstrual coping in university students. A physiological factors directly influenced premenstrual syndrome (β=.41, p=.012). Premenstrual syndrome (β=.55, p=.005) and physiological factor (β=.23, p=.015) had significant total effects on premenstrual coping. Physiological factor did not have a direct influence on premenstrual coping, but indirectly affected it (β=.22, p=.007). Psychological factors did not have an indirect or total effect on premenstrual coping, but directly affected it (β=-.17, p=.036).

Conclusion

These findings suggest that strategies to control physiological factors such as menstrual pain should be helpful to improve premenstrual syndrome symptoms. When developing a program to improve premenstrual coping ability and quality of menstrual related health, it is important to consider psychological factors including perceived stress and menstrual attitude and premenstrual syndrome.

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Investigation of coping behaviors and premenstrual syndrome among university students
Özlem Akın, Nülüfer Erbil
Current Psychology.2024; 43(2): 1685. CrossRef
Investigating influencing factors on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among female college students
Su Jeong Yi, Miok Kim, Ina Park
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Hye Jin Kim, So Young Choi, Haeyoung Min
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 423. CrossRef

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The Educational Needs Of Mothers of Nephrotic Syndrome Patients and the Degree of Nurse's Educational Performances Perceived by Mothers: Mi Hae Sung, Seung Nam Paik; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(2):303-314. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.2.303

Abstract PDF

This is descriptive study conducted to identify educational needs of mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients and the degree of nurses' educational performances perceived by mothers who look after mainly nephrotic syndrome patients. The study subjects were composed of 74 mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients whose children were hospitalized in 2 Pediatric wards of University Hospital in Seoul and 1 in Pusan from Jure in 1996 to January in 1997. A questionnaire for this study was item Kikert type 5 point scale, developed on the basis of previous literature and researcher's clinical experience and the reliability of the used instruments was q=.97. The data analysis was done by SAS. t-test, and ANOVA were done to determine the effect of general characteristics of subjects on their educational needs. Pearson correlation was done to measure relations between general characteristics of subjects and their educational needs and Stepwise Multiple Regression was done to test a variable affecting educational needs. The results were as follows. 1. Mean score of educational needs of subjects was 137.06(Maximum 176). The score of the educational needs of home care was the highest, but the question numbers(of that category) are smaller than others. So, the educational need of the diagnosis and treatment was regarded as the highest in contents. 2. The mean score of nurses' educational performances was very low, 74.91(Maximum 176). Nurse's educational performances score in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease ranked as the highest Burt that score in the care during hoapitalization was the highest in contents as the educational needs was. 3. The number of children excepting the patient(r2=.215289, P=.006)and the age of patient(r2=.23770, P=.001) were emerged as important variables affecting the degree of mother's educational need.

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Educational Needs for Prevention of Cell Phone Addiction in Korean Adolescents
Hyun Young Koo, Hyun Sook Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2010; 16(4): 304. CrossRef

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The Effect of AIDS Education on Baccalaureate Nursing Students: Young Ran Han; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(3):467-476. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.3.467

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: to evaluate the effects of AIDS education for baccalaureate nursing students.
METHOD
a one-time AIDS education was delivered to 175 nursing students and knowledge and attitude toward HIV/AIDS were measured before and after the AIDS education using a questionnaire. RESULT: 1) Before the AIDS education, the average knowledge score of the students was 64.30 points out of 103 points while the average attitude score was 25.77 points out of 36 points. 2) Before the AIDS education, school grade, former experience of AIDS education and religion were founded to be the significantly related to the student's knowledge on AIDS. 3) There was a significant increase in AIDS related knowledge (t=-24.21, p=.000). There was also a significant improve- ment in attitude toward HIV/AIDS (t=4.67, p=.000) after the AIDS education. 4) There was a significant correlation between the knowledge and the attitude toward HIV/AIDS before the AIDS education, while no correlations was found between the AIDS knowledge and attitude after the education. CONCLUSION: AIDS education is necessary and effective for baccalaureate nursing students. It is necessary to develop comprehensive AIDS education program to improve the level of knowledge and preventive behavior for HIV/AIDS as well as to allay the fears for AIDS.

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The Effect of HIV/AIDS Education Program for Professional Graduate Medical School Students by Teaching-Learning Methods
Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(9): 519. CrossRef
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Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong, Ja Hyun Shin, Myung In Lee
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Nami Chun
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The Effect of Supportive Nursing Education Program on Burden and Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Nephrotic Syndrom: Seung Nam Paik, Mi Hae Sung, Kyoul Ja Cho, Chang Ja Byun; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(3):721-731. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.3.721

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the supportive nursing intervention program on Burden and Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Nephrotic Sybdrome. The data were collected from a group of 67 mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients(34 in the intervention group, 33 in the control group) from July 1, 1998 to Dec, 30, 1988, Measurements were burden and quality of life from both groups at pre and post intervention. The supportive nursing educational program consists of individual lectures and discussion at the individual level. Listed are the summarized result: 1. The intervention group had a lower level of burden (p<0.05) than the control group intervention. 2. The level of quality of life was not significant during the intervention. According to this study a developed supportive musing intervention program is effective for reduction of the burden. For future research, it is necessary that experiments concerning quality of life in mothers of children with nephrotic syndrome, be conducted.

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The Effects of a Physical Activity-Behavior Modification Combined Intervention(PABM-intervention) on Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Elementary School Children: Young Ran Tak, Ji Yeon An, Young A Kim, Hae Young Woo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):902-913. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.902

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a physical activity-behavior modification combined intervention(PABM-intervention) on metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese elementary school children. METHODS: Thirty-two participants (BMI≥85 percentile or relative obesity≥10) were allocated to the PABM-intervention group and behavior modification only intervention group. The PABM-intervention was composed of exercise intervention consisting of 50 minutes of physical activity(Hip-hop dance & gymbased exercises) twice a week and the behavior modification intervention consisted of 50 minutes of instruction for modifying lifestyle habits (diet & exercise) once a week. Effectiveness of intervention was based on waist circumference, BP, HDL-cholesterol, TG, and fasting glucose before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The proportion of subjects with 1, 2, 3 or more metabolic risk factors were 28.1, 43.8, and 15.6%, respectively. After the 8-week intervention, waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HDL-cholesterol changed significantly(p<.01) in the PABM group. CONCLUSION: This provides evidence that a PABM-intervention is effective in changing metabolic risk factors such as waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HDL-cholesterol in overweight and obese elementary school children.

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In-Kyoung Noh, Myoung Soo Kim
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Impact of Life Style Characteristics on Prevalence Risk of Metabolic Syndrome
Ji-Soo Yoo, Jeong In Jeong, Chang Gi Park, Se Won Kang, Jeong-Ah Ahn
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Relationships Between Sex Role Identity, Health Promoting Behaviors, and Premenstrual Symptoms Among Female University Students: Hae Won Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):1003-1012. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.1003

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The role of sex role identity types and health promoting behaviors in relation to premenstrual symptoms and interrelatedness among the three variables were examined. METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive study was employed with 327 female university students. KSRI, HPLP, and MDQ were used as measurement tools. RESULTS: Four types of sex role identities were classified; undifferentiated(33.7%), androgyny (32.7%), masculinity(16.8%), and femininity(16.8%) in order. Premenstrual symptoms(F=3.11, p= .027) and health promoting behaviors(F=12.74, p= .000) were significantly different by sex role identity types. As determinants of premenstrual symptoms, health promoting behaviors for all subjects, stress coping for the feminine type, and interpersonal relationships for the undifferentiated type were identified. In discriminating between the feminine type and undifferentiated type, premenstrual symptoms and self responsibility were shown as significant factors. CONCLUSION: Interrelatedness among sex role identity, health promoting behaviors and premenstrual symptoms imply the importance of a psychosocial aspect in premenstrual symptoms. Therefore, these three variables should be applied more specifically for nursing assessment and management of women having premenstrual symptoms.

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Yoon-Goo Noh, Young-Sook Lee
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Euna Park, Sung Hee Ko
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Relationships among Premenstrual Syndrome, Perfection and Anxiety among the College Student
Hye Seon Choi, Eun Dong Lee, Hye Young Ahn
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Menstrual Attitudes and Maternal Child Rearing Attitudes in Middle School Female Students
Kyoung Ja Hong, Hae Won Kim, Hye Young Ahn
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Knowledge, Perception and Health Behavior about Metabolic Syndrome for an at Risk Group in a Rural Community Area: Eui Geum Oh, So Youn Bang, Sa Saeng Hyun, Sang Hui Chu, Justin Y Jeon, Myung Sook Kang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(5):790-800. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.5.790

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to identify knowledge, perception and health behavior about metabolic syndrome for an at risk group in a rural community area.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used. A total of 575 adults with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and/or abdominal obesity were recruited from 11 rural community health care centers. A questionnaire was developed for this study. Anthropometric measures were measured and blood data was reviewed from the health record.

Results

Knowledge about the metabolic syndrome was low as evidenced by only a 47% correct answer rate. Only 9% of the subjects ever heard about the disease, and 87% answered they do not know the disease at all. 87% of the subjects were not performing regular exercise, 31% drank alcohol more than once a month, 12.5% were current smokers, and 33.6% are did not have a regular health check-up.

Conclusion

Development of systematic public health care programs are needed to prevent future increases in cardiovascular complications and to decrease health care costs. These might include educational programs for the primary health care provider and an at risk group, a therapeutic lifestyle modification program, and a health screening program to identify potential groups.

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Factors Influencing Health Behavior Compliance of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Ji-Soon Kang, Hyun-Sook Kang, Eun-Kyoung Yun, Hyun-Rim Choi
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Mee Young Im, Young-Ran Lee, Suk Jung Han, Chung-Min Cho
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The Effect of Metabolic Syndrome Management Program in a Public Health Center
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Hee-Gerl Kim, Hye-Kyung Nam, Yun-Jeong Yi
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Impact of Life Style Characteristics on Prevalence Risk of Metabolic Syndrome
Ji-Soo Yoo, Jeong In Jeong, Chang Gi Park, Se Won Kang, Jeong-Ah Ahn
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(4): 594. CrossRef

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The Effects of an Insight-oriented Nursing Program on Schizophrenic Patients' Insight, Positive and Negative Syndromes, and Depression: Hyo Ja An; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):510-518. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.510

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study examined the effects of an insight-oriented nursing program on schizophrenic patients' insight, positive and negative syndromes, and depression.

Method

A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design was utilized. For this research, a total of 34 subjects were selected at a psychiatric hospital in Daegu during the period ranging from Oct. 1st, 2005 to Feb. 11th, 2006 (experimental group=17, control group=17).

Result

After the treatment, between the experimental and control groups, there wasa significant difference in the level of SUMD(t=-4.52, p=.000) and positive syndrome(t=6.97, p=.013), but no significant difference in the negative syndrome(t=-1.81, p=.079) and depression(t=2.23, p=.145).

Conclusion

The results of this study show that the insight-oriented nursing program works well for schizophrenic patients. Therefore, it is recommended that this program should be used in clinical practice as an effective nursing intervention for schizophrenic patients.

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Effects of Continuous and Intermittent Exercise type for 12 weeks on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Middle-aged Women
Joo-ha Jung, Jung Jun Park
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2018; 43(1): 9. CrossRef

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Comparison of the Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factor Prevalence Forty and Fifty Something Women: Hee Seung Kim, Jeong Ah Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):453-458. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.453

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare metabolic syndrome (MS) risk factor prevalence by obesity and age in middle-aged women.

Method

Two hundred and fifty-one subjects were recruited from the health promotion center of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. MS was defined by the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults(Adult Treatment Panel III)(ATPIII), and obesity was determined by body mass index(BMI)≥ or = 25kg/m².

Results

The mean blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The prevalence of MS, hypertension, and impaired fasting glucose were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the forties, blood pressure was significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the fifties, body fat, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group.

Conclusions

These results show that the nurse should focus on the obese fifty year old female patients for improvement of the MS risk factors.

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Effects of Walking Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors and Body Composition in Obese Middle School Girls: Young Hae Kim, Young Ok Yang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(5):858-867. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.5.858

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to determine the effects of walking exercise training(WET) on metabolic syndrome risk factors and body composition in obese middle school girls.

Method

A non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Twenty seven subjects participated in this study from one women's middle school in Busan. The participants were purposely allocated to an experimental group (n=14) and a control group (n=13). The experimental group participated in 30-60 minutes of WET with 55 to 75% of a maximal heart rate six days a week for 12 weeks.

Results

The prevalence of individual risk factors on metabolic syndrome were improved in the experimental group after the intervention. The high waist circumference(WC), high triglyceride(TG), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), high blood pressure(BP) and high fasting glucose(FG) were 21.4, 21.4, 14.3, 28.6 and 7.2%, respectively. There were significant differences in WC (F=22.24, p<.001), TG (F=5.34, p=0.30), body weight(F=21.99, p<.001), fat mass(F=19.17, p<.001), and % body fat(F=17.93, p<.001) between the experimental and control group after the intervention. However, there were no significant differences in HDL-C, FG and BP between the experimental and control group after the intervention.

Conclusion

These results indicate that WET is effective in decreasing risk factors of the metabolic syndrome and body composition components in obese middle school girls. These findings suggest that WET can be useful as a nursing intervention in the prevention of obesity-related disorders in obese adolescents.

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The Effect of Self-Foot Reflexology on the Relief of premenstrual Syndrome and Dysmenorrhea in High School Girls: Yi Soon Kim, Min Za Kim, Ihn Sook Jeong; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(5):801-808. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.5.801

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was aimed to identify the effect of self-foot reflexology on the relief of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in high school girls.

Method

Study subjects was 236 women residing in the community, teachers and nurses who were older than 45 were recruited. Data was collected with self administered questionnaires from July 1st to August 31st, 2003 and analysed using SPSS/WIN 10.0 with Xtest, t-test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression at a significant level of =.05.

Result

The breast cancer screening rate was 57.2%, and repeat screening rate was 15.3%. With the multiple logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mammography screening were age and perceived barriers of action, and factors related to the repeat mammography screening were education level and other cancer screening experience.

Conclusion

Based on the results, we recommend the development of an intervention program to decrease the perceived barrier of action, to regard mammography as an essential test in regular check-up, and to giveactive advertisement and education to the public to improve the rates of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.

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Relationship between Depression and Resilience among Children with Nephrotic Syndrome: Dong Hee Kim, Il Young Yoo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(3):534-540. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.3.534

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purposes of this study were to describe the relationship between depression and resilience and to identify variables associated with depression among children with nephrotic syndrome.

Method

Data was collected from 45 children who were registered at one hospital in Seoul. The criteria for sample selection were 10 to 15 year-old children who were diagnosed at least 6 month prior. The instruments included a self-reported questionnaire on resilience by Kim, CDI by Beck, and MBRI by Kwak. Descriptive, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were done.

Result

The mean score of depression was 11.44 (range:0-54) and resilience was 97.47 (range:32-128). There were significant positive relationships between depression and age (r=0.302, p<.005) and academic achievement (r=-0.318, p<.005). In addition, negative relationships between depression and maternal attitude (r=-0.412, p<.001) and resilience (r=-0.649, p<.001) occurred. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that maternal behavior (β=-0.421, p<.005) and resilience (β=-0.639, p<.001) were related to depression.

Conclusion

Children with higher resilience and with an affectionate mother were less depressed. Thus, it is important to identify strengths of children and help them to increase resilience and implement parenting and counseling programs for parents' of these children. Similar studies with children with other chronic illnesses are needed.

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The Factors Influencing on Depression of Patients for Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Ki Wol Sung, Im Hee Shin, Kyung Hee Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(5):609-617. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.5.609

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study is to understand the depression of patients for Fibromyalgia Syndrome(FMS) and to identify the factors influencing depression.
Method
The instruments used here are Beck Depression Inventory in depression, the Korean Rheumatology Health Association' instruments in Self-Efficacy. Also, Pain and Fatigue was measured by Visual Graphic Rating Scale. The subject of study is 76 outpatients diagnosing FMS from rheumatism specialists at C hospital in D city. The data has been collected from Sep. lst to Sep. 30th in 2001. For the analysis of collected data, frequency analysis, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analysis with SAS statistical program.
Result
General characteristics showing statistically significant difference in depression were age, education, occupation, gender, exercise and sleep in the patients with FMS. Depression for the patients with FMS has negative correlation coefficients with Self-efficacy and ADL, and positive correlation coefficients with Pain and Fatigue. The suitable regression form resulting from the multiple regression analysis to investigate the influencing factors of depression for the partients with FMS was expressed by y = 50.067 - 0.278 χ₁ + 1.320 χ₂ ( χ₁ : Self-Efficacy χ₂ : Fatigue) and R² = 0.427.
Conclusion
The factors influencing on depression of patients for FMS was Self-Efficacy, ADL, Pain, and Fatigue. Further study needs to be done identify methods of overcoming and presentation of depression in FMS.

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Identifying Latent Classes of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease: Eunsil Ju, JiSun Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(6):817-827. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.6.817

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to identify latent classes based on major modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease.

Methods

This was a secondary analysis using data from the electronic medical records of 2,022 patients, who were newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease at a university medical center, from January 2010 to December 2015. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for descriptive analysis and Mplus version 7.4 for latent class analysis.

Results

Four latent classes of risk factors for coronary artery disease were identified in the final model: ‘smoking-drinking’, ‘high-risk for dyslipidemia’, ‘high-risk for metabolic syndrome’, and ‘high-risk for diabetes and malnutrition’. The likelihood of these latent classes varied significantly based on socio-demographic characteristics, including age, gender, educational level, and occupation.

Conclusion

The results showed significant heterogeneity in the pattern of risk factors for coronary artery disease. These findings provide helpful data to develop intervention strategies for the effective prevention of coronary artery disease. Specific characteristics depending on the subpopulation should be considered during the development of interventions.

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Adaptation in Families of Children with Down Syndrome: A Mixed-methods Design: Hyunkyung Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(4):501-512. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.501

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study, which was guided by the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment, and Adaptation, was twofold: (a) to explore family and parental adaptation and factors influencing family adaptation in Korean families of children with Down syndrome (DS) through a quantitative methodology and (b) to understand the life with a Korean child with DS through a qualitative method.

Methods

A mixed-methods design was adopted. A total of 147 parents of children with DS completed a package of questionnaires, and 19 parents participated in the in-depth interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression and content analysis respectively.

Results

According to the quantitative data, the overall family adaptation scores indicated average family functioning. Financial status was an important variable in understanding both family and parental adaptation. Family adaptation was best explained by family problem solving and coping communication, condition management ability, and family hardiness. Family strains and family hardiness were the family factors with the most influence on parental adaption. Qualitative data analysis showed that family life with a child with DS encompassed both positive and negative aspects and was expressed with 5 themes, 10 categories, and 16 sub-categories.

Conclusion

Results of this study expand our limited knowledge and understanding concerning families of children with DS in Korea and can be used to develop effective interventions to improve the adaptation of family as a unit as well as parental adaptation.

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Review Article

Effects of Dietary and Physical Activity Interventions on Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-analysis: Guna Lee, Hye-Young Choi, Sook-Ja Yang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(4):483-494. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.483

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study identified effects of dietary and physical activity interventions including dietary interventions or physical activity interventions alone or combined dietary-physical activity interventions to improve symptoms in metabolic syndrome including abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose through meta-analysis.

Methods

Articles on metabolic syndrome X published from 1988 to 2013 were searched through electronic databases, Google Scholar, and reference reviews. Methodological quality was assessed by the checklist, SIGN (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network).

Results

In the meta-analysis, there were 9 articles reporting 13 interventions with 736 participants. Using random effect models, the dietary and/or physical activity interventions showed a lower mean difference in waist circumference ( - 1.30 cm, 95% CI: - 2.44~ - 0.15, p =.027). The combined dietary-physical activity interventions showed a lower mean difference in waist circumference ( - 2.77 cm, 95% CI: - 4.77~ - 0.76, p =.007) and systolic blood pressure ( - 5.44 mmHg, 95% CI: - 10.76~ - 0.12, p =.044). Additionally, interventions of over 24 weeks yielded a lower mean difference in waist circumference ( - 2.78 cm, 95% CI: - 4.69~ - 0.87, p =.004) and diastolic blood pressure ( - 1.93 mmHg, 95% CI: - 3.63~ - 0.22, p =.026).

Conclusion

The findings indicate that dietary and/or physical activity interventions for metabolic syndrome reduce central obesity with no adverse effects. This finding provides objective evidences for dietary and physical activity management on metabolic syndrome as an efficient intervention.

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Original Article

Factors associated with Self-Rated Health in Metabolic Syndrome and Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: Bo Gyeong Lee, Jae Yeon Lee, Sun Ah Kim, Dong Min Son, Ok Kyung Ham; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(3):420-428. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.3.420

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Purpose was to explore associations between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MS) risks, and to determine factors associated with self-rated health (SRH) of adults with MS compared to other adults.

Methods

This is a secondary data analysis based on the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey KNHANES V (N=12662). Study instruments included sleep duration, MS risk factors, SRH and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Results

Mean age of participants was 43.68±12.26 years. Fifty-eight percent were women, and 18.3% were identified as having MS. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and SRH were significantly different according to sleep duration (p<.05) among all participants. In the non MS group, male gender, younger age (19~30 and 41~50 age brackets) upper income level, sufficient sleep duration, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were positively associated with SRH, whereas, lower education levels (≤ middle school), glucose level, and waist circumference were negatively associated with SRH (p<.05). In the MS group, lower income, lower education levels (≤ middle school), glucose level, and waist circumference were negatively associated with SRH, whereas, having an occupation was positively associated with SRH (p<.05).

Conclusion

Results suggest that tailored approaches are required for prevention and control of MS and sleep duration of each individual should be considered rather than applying standardized guidelines. However, as sleep quality was not included in the analysis, further investigations regarding influence of sleep quality on MS and SRH and controlling for other lifestyle and health behavior factors are required.

Citations

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