Won-Oak Oh; Eun Sook Park; Min Hyun Suk; Yeo Jin Im

doi:10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.293

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Original Article
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Transcultural Self-efficacy Scale for Nurses: Won-Oak Oh, Eun Sook Park, Min Hyun Suk, Yeo Jin Im; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2016;46(2):293-304.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.293
Published online: April 29, 2016

¹College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.

²College of Nursing, Cha University, Pochon, Korea.

³College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Suk, Min Hyun. College of Nursing, Cha University, 120 Hearyong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Korea. Tel: +82-31-8017-5851, Fax: +82-31-725-8329, chnursing@cha.ac.kr

• Received: October 2, 2015 • Revised: October 16, 2015 • Accepted: December 24, 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES
Appendix

Abstract

Purpose
This methodological study was conducted to develop and psychometrically test the Transcultural Self-efficacy scale (TCSEscale) for nurses.
Methods
Initial 41 items for the TCSE-scale were generated based on extensive literature reviews and in-depth interviews with 18 nurses who had experience in caring for foreign patients. Cultural Competence and Confidence model was used as a conceptual framework. Content validity was evaluated by an expert panel. Psychometric testing was performed with a convenience sample of 242 nurses recruited from four general hospitals in the Seoul metropolitan area and Gyeonggi-do province of South Korea. To evaluate the reliability of TCSE-scale, a test-retest reliability and an internal consistency reliability were analyzed. Construct validity, concurrent validity, criterion validity, convergent validity and discriminative validity were used to evaluate the validity.
Results
The 25-item TCSE-scale was found to have three subscales-Cognitive, Practical, and Affective domain-explaining 91.5% of the total variance. TCSE-scale also demonstrated a concurrent validity with the Cultural Competence Scale. Criterion-related validity was supported by known-group comparison. Reliability analysis showed an acceptable-to-high Cronbach's alpha-.88 in total, and subscales ranged from .76 to .87. The ICC was .90, indicating that the TCSE-scale has internal consistency and stability of reliability.
Conclusion
This preliminary evaluation of the psychometric scale properties demonstrated an acceptable validity and reliability. The TCSE-scale is able to contribute to building up empirical and evidence based on data collection regarding the transcultural self-efficacy of clinical nurses. We suggest further testing of the applicability of TCSE-scale in different settings and community contexts.
Keywords: Cultural diversity; Cultural competence; Self efficacy; Reliability and validity; Nurses

This work was supported by the 2014 Korea University special research grant.

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

REFERENCES

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Appendix

Appendix 1

Transcultural Self-efficacy Scale

Figure 1

Conceptual framework for the study.

Table 1

Factor Loading of Questionnaire

KMO=.81; Bartlett test of sphericity=3536.55 (p<.001)

Table 2

Correlation between TCSE-scale and CC-scale

TCSE=Transcultural self-efficacy; CC=Cultural competence.

Table 3

Criterion Validity Test

Table 4

Multitrait/Multi-item Matrix of TCSE-scale (Correlation Matrix Corrected for Overlap)

Table 5

Reliability for Final TCSE-scale

TCSE=Transcultural self-efficacy; PCC=Pearson correlation coefficient; ICC=Intraclass correlation coefficient; SEM=Standard error of measurement.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Transcultural Self-efficacy Scale for Nurses

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2016;46(2):293-304. Published online April 29, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.293

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Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Transcultural Self-efficacy Scale for Nurses

Figure 1 Conceptual framework for the study.

Figure 1

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Transcultural Self-efficacy Scale for Nurses

Table 1

Factor Loading of Questionnaire

KMO=.81; Bartlett test of sphericity=3536.55 (p<.001)

Table 2

Correlation between TCSE-scale and CC-scale

TCSE=Transcultural self-efficacy; CC=Cultural competence.

Table 3

Criterion Validity Test

Table 4

Multitrait/Multi-item Matrix of TCSE-scale (Correlation Matrix Corrected for Overlap)

Table 5

Reliability for Final TCSE-scale

TCSE=Transcultural self-efficacy; PCC=Pearson correlation coefficient; ICC=Intraclass correlation coefficient; SEM=Standard error of measurement.

Table 1 Factor Loading of Questionnaire

KMO=.81; Bartlett test of sphericity=3536.55 (p<.001)

Table 2 Correlation between TCSE-scale and CC-scale

TCSE=Transcultural self-efficacy; CC=Cultural competence.

Table 3 Criterion Validity Test

Table 4 Multitrait/Multi-item Matrix of TCSE-scale (Correlation Matrix Corrected for Overlap)

Table 5 Reliability for Final TCSE-scale

TCSE=Transcultural self-efficacy; PCC=Pearson correlation coefficient; ICC=Intraclass correlation coefficient; SEM=Standard error of measurement.