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Original Article
Development of a Cell Phone Addiction Scale for Korean Adolescents
Hyun Young Koo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2009;39(6):818-828.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.6.818
Published online: December 31, 2009

Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Koo, Hyun Young. College of Nursing, Catholic University of Daegu, 3056-6 Daemyeong 4-dong, Nam-gu, Daegu 705-718, Korea. Tel: 82-53-650-4829, Fax: 82-53-650-4392, hykoo@cu.ac.kr
• Received: April 21, 2009   • Accepted: November 13, 2009

Copyright © 2009 Korean Society of Nursing Science

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  • Purpose
    This study was done to develop a cell phone addiction scale for Korean adolescents.
  • Methods
    The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, preliminary study, and extraction of final items. The participants were 577 adolescents in two middle schools and three high schools. Item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, and internal consistency were used to analyze the data.
  • Results
    Twenty items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 3 factors explaining 55.45% of total variance. The factors were labeled as withdrawal/tolerance (7 items), life dysfunction (6 items), and compulsion/persistence (7 items). The scores for the scale were significantly correlated with self-control, impulsiveness, and cell phone use. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 20 items was .92. Scale scores identified students as cell phone addicted, heavy users, or average users.
  • Conclusion
    The above findings indicate that the cell phone addiction scale has good validity and reliability when used with Korean adolescents.
  • Keywords: Adolescent; Cell phone; Addictive behavior
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Table 1
Demographic Characteristics of Participants (N=577)
jkan-39-818-i001.jpg

*Missing data excluded.

Table 2
Item Analysis (N=577)
jkan-39-818-i002.jpg
Table 3
Factor Analysis (N=577)
jkan-39-818-i003.jpg
Table 4
Correlations of Cell Phone Addiction Scale with Self-control, Impulsiveness and Cell Phone Use (N=577)
jkan-39-818-i004.jpg

Cell phone use 1=sending text message on weekdays; Cell phone use 2=sending text message on weekends; Cell phone use 3=receiving text message on weekdays; Cell phone use 4=receiving text message on weekends; Cell phone use 5=talking by cell phone on weekdays; Cell phone use 6=talking by cell phone on weekends.

Table 5
Classification of Cell Phone Addiction in Adolescents (N=577)
jkan-39-818-i005.jpg

*Scheffe multiple comparison test.

Figure & Data

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        Development of a Cell Phone Addiction Scale for Korean Adolescents
        J Korean Acad Nurs. 2009;39(6):818-828.   Published online December 31, 2009
        DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.6.818
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      Development of a Cell Phone Addiction Scale for Korean Adolescents
      Development of a Cell Phone Addiction Scale for Korean Adolescents

      Demographic Characteristics of Participants (N=577)

      *Missing data excluded.

      Item Analysis (N=577)

      Factor Analysis (N=577)

      Correlations of Cell Phone Addiction Scale with Self-control, Impulsiveness and Cell Phone Use (N=577)

      Cell phone use 1=sending text message on weekdays; Cell phone use 2=sending text message on weekends; Cell phone use 3=receiving text message on weekdays; Cell phone use 4=receiving text message on weekends; Cell phone use 5=talking by cell phone on weekdays; Cell phone use 6=talking by cell phone on weekends.

      Classification of Cell Phone Addiction in Adolescents (N=577)

      *Scheffe multiple comparison test.
      Table 1 Demographic Characteristics of Participants (N=577)

      *Missing data excluded.

      Table 2 Item Analysis (N=577)

      Table 3 Factor Analysis (N=577)

      Table 4 Correlations of Cell Phone Addiction Scale with Self-control, Impulsiveness and Cell Phone Use (N=577)

      Cell phone use 1=sending text message on weekdays; Cell phone use 2=sending text message on weekends; Cell phone use 3=receiving text message on weekdays; Cell phone use 4=receiving text message on weekends; Cell phone use 5=talking by cell phone on weekdays; Cell phone use 6=talking by cell phone on weekends.

      Table 5 Classification of Cell Phone Addiction in Adolescents (N=577)

      *Scheffe multiple comparison test.

      Table 1

      Table 2

      Table 3

      Table 4

      Table 5

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