동아대학교 간호학부
College of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
© 2024 Korean Society of Nursing Science
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
None.
DATA SHARING STATEMENT
Please contact the corresponding author for data availability.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conceptualization or/and Methodology: Jung S & Kim E.
Data curation or/and Analysis: Jung S.
Funding acquisition: Jung S.
Investigation: Jung S.
Project administration or/and Supervision: Jung S & Kim E.
Resources or/and Software: Jung S & Kim E.
Validation: Kim E.
Visualization: Jung S & Kim E.
Writing original draft or/and Review & Editing: Jung S & Kim E.
Variables | Categories |
Exp. (n = 20) |
Cont. (n = 20) |
t or χ2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or M ± SD | |||||
General characteristics | |||||
Age (yr) | 21.4 ± 1.23 | 21.5 ± 1.10 | – 0.41 | .686 | |
Gender | Woman | 18 (90.0) | 19 (95.0) | < .999† | |
Man | 2 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |||
Religion | Yes | 6 (30.0) | 4 (20.0) | 0.53 | .465 |
No | 14 (70.0) | 16 (80.0) | |||
Previous semester grade | ≥ 3.5 | 9 (45.0) | 12 (60.0) | 0.90 | .342 |
< 3.5 | 11 (55.0) | 8 (40.0) | |||
Experience of healthcare service | Have | 3 (15.0) | 3 (15.0) | < .999† | |
Haven’t | 17 (85.0) | 17 (85.0) | |||
Satisfaction of major | Above high | 12 (60.0) | 15 (75.0) | 1.03 | .311 |
Middle or less | 8 (40.0) | 5 (25.0) | |||
Satisfaction of clinical practice | Above high | 11 (55.0) | 10 (50.0) | 0.10 | .752 |
Middle or less | 9 (45.0) | 10 (50.0) | |||
Reasons for entering nursing college | Easy employment | 11 (55.0) | 10 (50.0) | 2.56 | .333† |
Aptitude | 5 (25.0) | 2 (10.0) | |||
Recommendation | 4 (20.0) | 8 (40.0) | |||
Type of apply for a job | Hospitals | 18 (90.0) | 19 (95.0) | 0.36 | .548 |
Other than hospitals | 2 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |||
Medication safety competence | 119.70 ± 10.68 | 120.05 ± 11.79 | – 0.10 | .922 | |
Communication self-efficacy | 86.55 ± 11.86 | 83.80 ± 11.96 | 0.73 | .470 | |
Learning self-efficacy | 56.90 ± 5.71 | 57.10 ± 4.23 | – 0.13 | .901 | |
Problem-solving ability | 108.75 ± 14.41 | 112.00 ± 11.13 | – 0.80 | .430 |
Scenarios | Learning objectives | Situations | Role and expected learner behaviors |
---|---|---|---|
Scenario 1 | The nurses can identify medication safety-related problem situations (near-misses). | • Hospital day 1 | • An evening-shift nurse (student) detects an error using a patient identification bracelet (ID band) and asks open-ended questions before administering the medication. |
• A medication error may occur if an evening-shift nurse does not accurately check a patient with the same name during the medication preparation stage when administering fluid that the previous shift nurse prepared in advance for a patient with the same name. | • If a nurse cannot detect the error, the nursing manager provides a clue. | ||
Scenario 2 | The nurses can identify and respond to problem situations related to medication safety (prescription errors/none). | • Hospital day 2 | • An evening-shift nurse (student) discovers that the patient took oral drugs whose administration was prohibited before the CT scan. |
• A situation in which a patient’s scheduled upper abdominal CT scan was delayed because a doctor’s incorrect prescription instructions caused the previous shift nurse to incorrectly administer medication to the patient that should have been stopped prior to the CT scan. | • If a nurse cannot detect the error, the nursing manager provides a clue. | ||
Scenario 3 | The nurses can identify and respond to crisis situations related to medication safety (adverse events/moderate). | • Hospital day 3 | • An evening-shift nurse (student) suspects that the patient is suffering from hypoglycemic shock and responds to it. |
• A situation in which serious damage occurred because a day-shift nurse administered medication to the patient using the wrong dosage and a route that was inconsistent with a doctor’s prescription instructions. | • If the nurse cannot detect the error, the nursing manager provides a clue. |
Sessions | Sequences | Contents | Time (min) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | Cumulative | |||
Session 1 | Pre-learning | • Medication safety–related knowledge (lecture) | 20 | 65 |
- Basic principles of medication administration, types of patient safety accidents, activities to prevent medication errors | ||||
Pre-briefing | • Guide to simulation practice environment and process | 15 | ||
• Introduction to scenario case outlines | ||||
• Introduction to Scenario 1 situation | ||||
• Identifying nursing issues and setting priorities | ||||
• Assigning simulation roles | ||||
Simulation run | • Detecting and dealing with near-misses (SP, full-body mannequin) | 10 | ||
• Nursing performance evaluation | ||||
Debriefing | • Reflection and feedback | 20 | ||
Session 2 | Pre-learning | • Medication safety–related knowledge (lecture) | 20 | 80 |
- Medication process, types of medication errors, communicating patient safety accidents (SBAR) | ||||
Pre-briefing | • Introduction to Scenario 2 situation | 15 | ||
• Identifying nursing issues and setting priorities | ||||
• Assigning simulation roles | ||||
Simulation run | • Identifying and dealing with prescription errors (SP, full-body mannequin) | 15 | ||
• Nursing performance evaluation | ||||
Debriefing | • Reflection and feedback | 30 | ||
Session 3 | Pre-learning | • Medication safety–related knowledge (lecture) | 20 | 95 |
- High-alert medication management, patient safety accident reporting, patient safety accident analysis | ||||
Pre-briefing | • Introduction to Scenario 3 situation | 15 | ||
• Identifying nursing problems and setting priorities | ||||
• Assigning simulation roles | ||||
Simulation run | • Detecting and dealing with adverse events (SP, full-body mannequin) | 20 | ||
• Nursing performance evaluation | ||||
Debriefing | • Reflection and feedback | 40 |
Variables | Categories | Exp. (n = 20) |
Cont. (n = 20) |
t or χ2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or M ± SD | |||||
General characteristics | |||||
Age (yr) | 21.4 ± 1.23 | 21.5 ± 1.10 | – 0.41 | .686 | |
Gender | Woman | 18 (90.0) | 19 (95.0) | < .999 |
|
Man | 2 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |||
Religion | Yes | 6 (30.0) | 4 (20.0) | 0.53 | .465 |
No | 14 (70.0) | 16 (80.0) | |||
Previous semester grade | ≥ 3.5 | 9 (45.0) | 12 (60.0) | 0.90 | .342 |
< 3.5 | 11 (55.0) | 8 (40.0) | |||
Experience of healthcare service | Have | 3 (15.0) | 3 (15.0) | < .999 |
|
Haven’t | 17 (85.0) | 17 (85.0) | |||
Satisfaction of major | Above high | 12 (60.0) | 15 (75.0) | 1.03 | .311 |
Middle or less | 8 (40.0) | 5 (25.0) | |||
Satisfaction of clinical practice | Above high | 11 (55.0) | 10 (50.0) | 0.10 | .752 |
Middle or less | 9 (45.0) | 10 (50.0) | |||
Reasons for entering nursing college | Easy employment | 11 (55.0) | 10 (50.0) | 2.56 | .333 |
Aptitude | 5 (25.0) | 2 (10.0) | |||
Recommendation | 4 (20.0) | 8 (40.0) | |||
Type of apply for a job | Hospitals | 18 (90.0) | 19 (95.0) | 0.36 | .548 |
Other than hospitals | 2 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |||
Medication safety competence | 119.70 ± 10.68 | 120.05 ± 11.79 | – 0.10 | .922 | |
Communication self-efficacy | 86.55 ± 11.86 | 83.80 ± 11.96 | 0.73 | .470 | |
Learning self-efficacy | 56.90 ± 5.71 | 57.10 ± 4.23 | – 0.13 | .901 | |
Problem-solving ability | 108.75 ± 14.41 | 112.00 ± 11.13 | – 0.80 | .430 |
Variables | Pre-test |
Post-test |
Difference |
t | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exp. (n = 20) | Cont. (n = 20) | Exp. (n = 20) | Cont. (n = 20) | Exp. (n = 20) | Cont. (n = 20) | |||
Medication safety competence | 119.70 ± 10.68 | 120.05 ± 11.79 | 144.90 ± 10.47 | 132.55 ± 10.96 | 25.20 ± 10.05 | 12.50 ± 8.56 | 4.30 | < .001 |
Communication self-efficacy | 86.55 ± 11.86 | 83.80 ± 11.96 | 99.80 ± 10.28 | 87.35 ± 12.23 | 13.25 ± 7.44 | 3.55 ± 7.50 | 4.11 | < .001 |
Learning self-efficacy | 56.90 ± 5.71 | 57.10 ± 4.23 | 77.40 ± 4.45 | 72.78 ± 4.97 | 20.50 ± 4.37 | 15.68 ± 4.65 | 3.01 | .005 |
Problem-solving ability | 108.75 ± 14.41 | 112.00 ± 11.13 | 124.40 ± 12.48 | 114.00 ± 9.49 | 15.65 ± 7.60 | 2.00 ± 5.42 | 6.54 | < .001 |
CT = Computed tomography; ID = Identification.
SBAR = Situation, background, assessment, recommendation; SP = Simulated patient.
Fisher’s exact test. Cont. = Control group; Exp. = Experimental group; M = Mean; SD = Standard deviation.
Cont. = Control group; Exp. = Experimental group.