Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Papers

Effectiveness of the Eye Care Protocol in the Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Lim, Kyu Won , Ha, Shin Young , Kang, In Soon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(3):432-445. Published online August 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24017

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study investigated the effects of an eye care protocol (ECP) on patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
This study utilized a randomized controlled design. Participants were patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the ICU (36 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group). The experimental group received an ECP, while the control group received standard eye care, starting the day after admission, for a duration of 10 days. The ECP classifies the degree of eyelid obstruction into three stages based on the degree of exposure to the lower eyelid conjunctiva and cornea. The protocol included cleansing with normal saline gauze, administering eye drops, applying silicone and polyurethane films, and recommending consultation with an ophthalmologist if necessary. The effectiveness of ECP was assessed by analyzing tear volume, hyperemia, chemosis, and eye discharge. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0, employing the Mann-Whitney U-test and generalized estimating equations.
Results
On day 5, the experimental group demonstrated a significant increase in tear volume in both eyes compared with the control group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence of hyperemia, chemosis, and eye discharge on days 5 and 10 of the intervention.
Conclusion
The application of the ECP in this study increased tear volume in ICU patients, thereby reducing discomfort caused by dry eyes. It has the potential to prevent complications such as damage to the surface of the eyeball resulting from decreased tear volume.

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Delirium Experience of the Intensive Care Unit Patients: Jung, Jaeyeon , Jang, Sujin , Jo, Seonmi , Lee, Sunhee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(2):134-143. Published online April 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21240

Purpose
The study aimed to understand the delirium experience of intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Methods
We performed a qualitative study using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Eleven patients, who experienced delirium according to the Confusion Assessment Method for ICU, participated after transferring to general wards from the ICU. Individual in-depth semi-structured interviews ranging from 30 minutes to 2 hours in length were conducted between November 2018 and August 2019.
Results
Nine themes and four theme clusters emerged. The four theme clusters were: 1) “Overwhelmed by fear,” which describes the experience of a patient close to death and the feeling of difficulty in understanding disorganized thinking; 2) “Anxious about not understanding the situation,” which means that patients’ sense of time and space were disordered in the ICU; 3) “Being deserted,” which indicates the feeling of being separated from others and yourself; and 4) “Resistance to protect my dignity,” which indicates that the dignity and autonomy of an individual in the patient’s position at the ICU, are ignored.
Conclusion
Nursing interventions are needed that would enable patients to maintain orientation and self-esteem in the ICU. In addition, healthcare providers need to provide information about the unfamiliar environment in the ICU in advance.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Patients' and family members' dyadic experience of post‐operative delirium in the intensive care unit: A qualitative study
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Nursing in Critical Care.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(3): 37. CrossRef
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Item analysis of the Korean version of the Intensive Care Experience Questionnaire: Using the Rasch Model based on Item Response Theory
Jiyeon Kang, Minhui Kim
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(3): 37. CrossRef

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Untact Visit Service Development Based on an Application Reflecting the Circumstances during COVID-19: Focusing on Utilization in the Pediatric Intensive Care Units: Woo, Dahae , Yu, Hanui , Kim, Hyo Jin , Choi, Minyoung , Kim, Dong Hee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(5):573-584. Published online October 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21143

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