Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Paper

Secondary Data Analysis on the Factors Influencing Premenstrual Symptoms of Shift Work Nurses: Focused on the Sleep and Occupational Stress: Baek, Jihyun , Choi-Kwon, Smi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):631-640. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19230

Purpose
This study aimed to examine premenstrual symptoms (PMS) of shift nurses and identify the association between PMS, sleep, and occupational stress.
Methods
This study was conducted with a secondary data analysis that used data from the Shift Work Nurse’s Health and Turnover study. The participants were 258 nurses who were working in shifts including night shifts. PMS, sleep patterns (sleep time and sleep time variability), sleep quality, and the occupational stress of each participant were measured using the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, a sleep diary, an actigraph, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and STATA 15.1 to obtain descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) and Baron and Kenny’s mediating analysis.
Results
The average PMS score, average sleep time, average sleep time variability, average sleep quality score, and average occupational stress score of the participants was 53.95 ± 40.45, 7.52 ± 0.89 hours, 32.84 ± 8.43%, 12.34 ± 5.95, and 49.89 ± 8.98, respectively. A multiple linear regression analysis with GEE indicated that sleep time variability (B = 0.86, p = .001), and sleep quality (B = 2.36, p < .001) had negative effects on nurses’ PMS. We also found that sleep quality had a complete mediating effect in the relationship between occupational stress and PMS.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that both sleep time variability and sleep quality are important factors associated with PMS among shift work nurses. To improve shift nurses’ PMS status, strategies are urgently needed to decrease sleep time variability and increase sleep quality.

Citations

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Hospital Nurses’ Professional Quality of Life Model: A Cross‐Sectional Study Based on the Expanded Job Demands‐Resources Model
Younghee Kim, Mi Yu, Jacopo Fiorini
Journal of Nursing Management.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Premenstrual Symptoms Risk Factors Among Newly Graduated Nurses in Shift Work: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Iksoo Huh, Smi Choi-Kwon, Jison Ki, Soyeon Kim, Jihyun Baek
Asian Nursing Research.2024; 18(5): 501. CrossRef
Premenstrual Syndrome’s Impact on Work-Related Quality of Life Among Jordanian Nurses
Yamamah Al-Hmaid, Othman Beni Yonis, Mais Alkhalili, Khalid Kheirallah
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Investigating influencing factors on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among female college students
Su Jeong Yi, Miok Kim, Ina Park
BMC Women's Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and validation of risk prediction model for premenstrual syndrome in nurses: results from the nurses-based the TARGET cohort study
Li Li, Xiaoyan Lv, Yuxin Li, Xinyue Zhang, Mengli Li, Yingjuan Cao
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Shift nurses’ social jetlag, anxiety, and premenstrual symptoms: A cross-sectional study
Taeyeon Kim, Sun Joo Jang
Collegian.2022; 29(4): 477. CrossRef
Depressive symptoms and menstrual distress according to the menstrual phase in nurses: the Korea Nurses’ Health Study
Oksoo Kim, Sue Kim, Hae Ok Jeon, Ahrin Kim, Chiyoung Cha, Bohye Kim
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology.2022; 43(4): 541. CrossRef
Secondary Data Analysis on the Quality of Sleep and Related Factors of Novice and Experienced Shift Work Nurses
Minjeong Yu, Smi Choi-Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(5): 646. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Menstrual Cycle Characteristics and Premenstrual Syndrome Prevalence Based on the Daily Record of Severity of Problems in Korean Young Adult Women: Yae-Ji Kim, Young-Joo Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):147-157. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.147

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

This descriptive study aimed to identify the menstrual cycle characteristics and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) prevalence in Korean young adult women using the retrospective and prospective Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP).

Methods:

In the first stage, participants included 151 nursing students studying in a university located in Seoul. Data were collected from April 20 to June 2, 2017, using the questionnaire on menstrual characteristics, pictorial blood assessment chart, and retrospective DRSP. In the second stage, participants included 17 students with PMS, based on the screening conducted in the first stage. Data were collected using the prospective DRSP from May 29 to 2 September 2, 2017.

Results:

Of the study sample, 104 participants (68.9%) had regular periods. Those with regular periods had 11.97 periods annually with a menstrual cycle of 29.38 days and a period duration of 5.72 days. Fifty-five participants (37.4%) showed menorrhagia. Sixty-four participants (42.4%) were found to have PMS based on their retrospective DRSP. When the ratio of women (52.9%) with PMS shown in the prospective DRSP was used as a positive predictive value, the estimated PMS prevalence was 22.4%.

Conclusion

This study provides clinically significant PMS prevalence among Korean young adult women, positive predictive value of the retrospective DRSP, and valid data to basically understand the menstrual cycle characteristics experienced by these women.

Citations

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The correlation between personality traits, premenstrual syndrome, body perception and eating behaviours in university students: structural equation model
Merve Işık, Sultan Özkan Şat
Current Psychology.2024; 43(45): 34875. CrossRef
Effects of Yoga for Coping with Premenstrual Symptoms in Taiwan—A Cluster Randomized Study
Hsing-Chi Chang, Yi-Chuan Cheng, Chi-Hsuan Yang, Ya-Ling Tzeng, Chung-Hey Chen
Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1193. CrossRef
Effectiveness of a school-based health education program to improve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in high school girls in Ilam
Samira Daneshvar, Fereshteh Ahmadi, Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh, Ashraf Direckvand-Moghadam, Fathollah Mohammadian, Mohsen Jalilian, Zeinab Ghazanfari
Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Daily cortisol awakening response and menstrual symptoms in young females
Tuba Ozgocer, Cihat Ucar, Sedat Yildiz
Stress and Health.2022; 38(1): 57. CrossRef
Depressive symptoms and menstrual distress according to the menstrual phase in nurses: the Korea Nurses’ Health Study
Oksoo Kim, Sue Kim, Hae Ok Jeon, Ahrin Kim, Chiyoung Cha, Bohye Kim
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology.2022; 43(4): 541. CrossRef
Menstrual Cycle Patterns and the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Korean Young Adult Women
Young-Joo Park, Hyunjeong Shin, Songi Jeon, Inhae Cho, Yae-Ji Kim
Healthcare.2021; 9(1): 56. CrossRef
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE PREMENSTRUAL SENDROM PREVELANSI VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Nazife BAKIR, Nezihe KIZILKAYA BEJİ
İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi.2021; 9(1): 264. CrossRef
Are premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea related to the personality structure of women? A descriptive relation‐seeker type study
Rabiye Erenoğlu, Şengül Yaman Sözbir
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2020; 56(4): 979. CrossRef

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A Structural Model for Premenstrual Coping in University Students: Based on Biopsychosocial Model: Myung-Ock Chae, Hae Ok Jeon, Ahrin Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(2):257-266. Published online April 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.2.257

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The aims of this study were to construct a hypothetical structural model which explains premenstrual coping in university students and to test the fitness with collected data.

Methods

Participants were 206 unmarried women university students from 3 universities in A and B cities. Data were collected from March 29 until April 30, 2016 using self-report structured questionnaires and were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 18.0.

Results

Physiological factor was identified as a significant predictor of premenstrual syndrome (t=6.45, p<.001). This model explained 22.1% of the variance in premenstrual syndrome. Psychological factors (t=-2.49, p=.013) and premenstrual syndrome (t=8.17, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of premenstrual coping. Also this model explained 30.9% of the variance in premenstrual coping in university students. A physiological factors directly influenced premenstrual syndrome (β=.41, p=.012). Premenstrual syndrome (β=.55, p=.005) and physiological factor (β=.23, p=.015) had significant total effects on premenstrual coping. Physiological factor did not have a direct influence on premenstrual coping, but indirectly affected it (β=.22, p=.007). Psychological factors did not have an indirect or total effect on premenstrual coping, but directly affected it (β=-.17, p=.036).

Conclusion

These findings suggest that strategies to control physiological factors such as menstrual pain should be helpful to improve premenstrual syndrome symptoms. When developing a program to improve premenstrual coping ability and quality of menstrual related health, it is important to consider psychological factors including perceived stress and menstrual attitude and premenstrual syndrome.

Citations

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Investigation of coping behaviors and premenstrual syndrome among university students
Özlem Akın, Nülüfer Erbil
Current Psychology.2024; 43(2): 1685. CrossRef
Investigating influencing factors on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among female college students
Su Jeong Yi, Miok Kim, Ina Park
BMC Women's Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Sleep Pattern, Stress, Menstrual Attitude, and Behavior That Reduces Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Premenstrual Syndrome in Adolescents
Hye Jin Kim, So Young Choi, Haeyoung Min
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 423. CrossRef

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Relationships Between Sex Role Identity, Health Promoting Behaviors, and Premenstrual Symptoms Among Female University Students: Hae Won Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):1003-1012. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.1003

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The role of sex role identity types and health promoting behaviors in relation to premenstrual symptoms and interrelatedness among the three variables were examined. METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive study was employed with 327 female university students. KSRI, HPLP, and MDQ were used as measurement tools. RESULTS: Four types of sex role identities were classified; undifferentiated(33.7%), androgyny (32.7%), masculinity(16.8%), and femininity(16.8%) in order. Premenstrual symptoms(F=3.11, p= .027) and health promoting behaviors(F=12.74, p= .000) were significantly different by sex role identity types. As determinants of premenstrual symptoms, health promoting behaviors for all subjects, stress coping for the feminine type, and interpersonal relationships for the undifferentiated type were identified. In discriminating between the feminine type and undifferentiated type, premenstrual symptoms and self responsibility were shown as significant factors. CONCLUSION: Interrelatedness among sex role identity, health promoting behaviors and premenstrual symptoms imply the importance of a psychosocial aspect in premenstrual symptoms. Therefore, these three variables should be applied more specifically for nursing assessment and management of women having premenstrual symptoms.

Citations

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Relationship between Life Style, Menstrual Distress and Coping Method in Nursing Students
Yoon-Goo Noh, Young-Sook Lee
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(2): 1118. CrossRef
Types of Gender Role Identity in Nursing Students: A Q Methodological Study
Euna Park, Sung Hee Ko
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 236. CrossRef
Relationships among Premenstrual Syndrome, Perfection and Anxiety among the College Student
Hye Seon Choi, Eun Dong Lee, Hye Young Ahn
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2013; 19(4): 265. CrossRef
Menstrual Attitudes and Maternal Child Rearing Attitudes in Middle School Female Students
Kyoung Ja Hong, Hae Won Kim, Hye Young Ahn
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 748. CrossRef

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The Effect of Self-Foot Reflexology on the Relief of premenstrual Syndrome and Dysmenorrhea in High School Girls: Yi Soon Kim, Min Za Kim, Ihn Sook Jeong; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(5):801-808. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.5.801

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was aimed to identify the effect of self-foot reflexology on the relief of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in high school girls.

Method

Study subjects was 236 women residing in the community, teachers and nurses who were older than 45 were recruited. Data was collected with self administered questionnaires from July 1st to August 31st, 2003 and analysed using SPSS/WIN 10.0 with Xtest, t-test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression at a significant level of =.05.

Result

The breast cancer screening rate was 57.2%, and repeat screening rate was 15.3%. With the multiple logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mammography screening were age and perceived barriers of action, and factors related to the repeat mammography screening were education level and other cancer screening experience.

Conclusion

Based on the results, we recommend the development of an intervention program to decrease the perceived barrier of action, to regard mammography as an essential test in regular check-up, and to giveactive advertisement and education to the public to improve the rates of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.

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Relationships among Menstrual Attitude, Premenstrual Distress, and Premenstrual Coping in Korean College Women
Jee Hee Han, Sue Kim, Sang Hee Kim, Sun Kyung Lee
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2017; 23(1): 11. CrossRef
Effects of Auricular Acupressure Therapy on Back Pain and Lower Abdominal Pain in Female Undergraduate Students during Menstruation

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Effect of Magnetic Field Therapy Applied to Acupuncture Point on Dysmenorrhea Experienced by High School Girls
Hyun-Jung Jang, Jeong-Eon Park
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(11): 7367. CrossRef
The Relationship between Life Style, Menstrual Attitude and Premenstrual Syndrome in Nursing Students
Ju Eun Song, Hyun Ju Chae, Woo Hee Jang, Yeon Hui Park, Kang Eun Lee, Sun Hee Lee, Han A Jang, Ji Hye Jeon, Min Sun Jung
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2013; 19(2): 119. CrossRef
Effects of Heat Therapy Using a Far Infrared Rays Heating Element for Dysmenorrhea in High School Girls
Yeon Ran Hong
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2011; 41(1): 141. CrossRef
The Effects of Foot Reflexology on Sleep, Depression and Skin Temperature of the Female Elderly at Home
Chung Soon Kim, Se Hwa Hong, Se Ryeong Kim, Yeo Jin Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2011; 22(4): 409. CrossRef
Effects of Artemisia A. Smoke(Ssukjahun) on Menstrual Distress, Dysmenorrhea, and Prostaglandin F2α
Kwang Ok Lee, Sue Kim, Soon Bok Chang, Ji Soo Yoo
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2009; 15(2): 150. CrossRef
Prevalence and risk factors of irritable bowel syndrome in Korean adolescent girls: A school-based study
Youn-Jung Son, Eun-Young Jun, Jin Hee Park
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2009; 46(1): 77. CrossRef

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A Structural Equation Modeling on Premenstrual Syndrome in Adolescent Girls: Jung-hee Jeon, Sun-kyung Hwang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(6):660-671. Published online December 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.6.660

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The aims of this study were to construct a hypothetical structural model which explains the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in adolescent girls and to test the fitness with collected data.

Methods

The participants were 1,087 adolescent girls from 3 high schools and 5 middle schools in B city. Data were collected from July 3 to October 15, 2012 using self-reported questionnaires and were analyzed using PASW 18.0 and AMOS 16.0 programs.

Results

The overall fitness indices of hypothetical model were good (χ² =1555, p<.001), χ²/df=4.40, SRMR=.04, GFI=.91, RMSEA=.05, NFI=.90, TLI=.91, CFI=.92, AIC=1717). Out of 16 paths, 12 were statistically significant. Daily hassles had the greatest impact on PMS in the adolescent girls in this model. In addition, PMS in adolescent girls was directly affected by menarche age, Body Mass Index (BMI), amount of menstruation, test anxiety, social support, menstrual attitude and femininity but not by academic stress. This model explained 27% of the variance in PMS in adolescent girls.

Conclusion

The findings from this study suggest that nursing interventions to reduce PMS in adolescent girls should address their daily hassles, test anxiety, menstrual attitude and BMI. Also, social support from their parents, friends, and teachers needs to be increased.

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Premenstrual Sendrom ile Algılanan Stres ve Gece Yeme Sendromu İlişkisi
Rabia Kahvacı, Keziban Amanak
Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi.2024; 2(2): 102. CrossRef
Factors influencing health-related quality of life in adolescent girls: a path analysis using a multi-mediation model
Hyunjeong Shin, Songi Jeon, Inhae Cho
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
According to Some Variables in Girls A High School Determining the Premenstrual Syndrome Violence and Perceped Stress Level
Nuriye ERBAŞ, Nermin ALTUNBAŞ
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The Influence of Female University Students' Life Style, Women's Health Characteristics, and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Menstrual Symptoms
Bo Gyeong Lee, Nam Hee Kim
Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2021; 25(2): 88. CrossRef
Do depression, fatigue, and body esteem influence premenstrual symptoms in nursing students?
Eun Joo Lee, Seung Kyoung Yang
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2020; 26(3): 231. CrossRef
Secondary Data Analysis on the Factors Influencing Premenstrual Symptoms of Shift Work Nurses: Focused on the Sleep and Occupational Stress
Jihyun Baek, Smi Choi-Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(4): 631. CrossRef
Effects of Sleep Pattern, Stress, Menstrual Attitude, and Behavior That Reduces Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Premenstrual Syndrome in Adolescents
Hye Jin Kim, So Young Choi, Haeyoung Min
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 423. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Functional Health of Patients with Chronic Insomnia based on Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms
Eun Kyoung Han, Sunah Kim, In-Young Yoon
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(2): 165. CrossRef
Relationship between Menstrual Distress and Sleep Disturbance in Middle-school Girls
Se Yeong Park, SoMi Park
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2018; 24(4): 392. CrossRef
Development and psychometric validation of the Menstrual Health Instrument (MHI) for adolescents in Korea
Hyunjeong Shin, Young-Joo Park, Inhae Cho
Health Care for Women International.2018; 39(10): 1090. CrossRef
A Structural Model for Premenstrual Coping in University Students: Based on Biopsychosocial Model
Myung-Ock Chae, Hae Ok Jeon, Ahrin Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(2): 257. CrossRef

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A Study on Isoflavones Intake From Soy Foods and Perimenstrual Symptoms: Hae Won Kim, Jin Mo Khil; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(3):276-285. Published online April 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.3.276

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to explore the relationship between isoflavones intake from soy foods and perimenstrual symptoms among women.

Methods

The research design was a cross sectional study. Subjects consisted of 245 women living in Korea, aged 19-49 years. The measurement tools were MDQ and FFQ.

Results

Frequently consumed soy isoflavones foods were rice with soybeans, soybean paste stew, and soy paste with tofu. The amounts of soy isoflavones foods consumed in order from highest to lowest were rice with soybeans, soybean paste stew, seasoned soybean sprouts, and soy paste with tofu. Subjects were divided into three groups by isoflavones intake levels; the small intake group, moderate intake group, and large intake group. There were significant differences in some menstrual symptoms, and postmenstrual symptoms by isoflavones intake levels. In general, the moderate isoflavones intake group showed lower scores in some menstrual symptoms and postmenstrual periods compared to the small and large intake groups.

Conclusions

These results suggest some positive health effects of isoflavones from soy foods on perimenstrual symptoms. More accurate, objective measurement needs to be applied and more investigation of soy isoflavones effects on many aspects of women's health need to be done in a future study.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Secondary Data Analysis on the Factors Influencing Premenstrual Symptoms of Shift Work Nurses: Focused on the Sleep and Occupational Stress
Jihyun Baek, Smi Choi-Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(4): 631. CrossRef
Relationships among Premenstrual Syndrome, Perfection and Anxiety among the College Student
Hye Seon Choi, Eun Dong Lee, Hye Young Ahn
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2013; 19(4): 265. CrossRef
Intake of dietary phytoestrogen and indices of antioxidant and bone metabolism of pre- and post-menopausal Korean women
Jeong-Hee Jang, Ji-Young Yoon, Sung-Hee Cho
Nutrition Research and Practice.2007; 1(4): 305. CrossRef

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The Effects of a PMS Nutritional Education Program for College Students: Hae Won Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(7):1164-1174. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.7.1164

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to identify the effects of a PMS nutritional education program for college nursing students.

Method

Subjects consisted of nursing students(experimental group: 29, control group: 27). The experimental group participated in a PMS nutritional education program for 8 weeks (including group and individual involvement). Data was collected before and after the education, and measurement tools were premenstrual symptoms, PMS knowledge, and self health behavior.

Results

After the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in PMS knowledge(Z=6.32, p=.000) and self health behavior(t=3.00, p=.004) compared to the control group. After the intervention the experimental group showed a significant increase in PMS knowledge(Z=-4.64, p=.000) and self health behavior(t=-3.04, p=.005) than before the intervention.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the short term effects of a PMS nutritional education program for nursing students was proven useful and the program should be applied to PMS nutrition education for PMS clients as well as health professionals.

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Hye Seon Choi, Eun Dong Lee, Hye Young Ahn
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2013; 19(4): 265. CrossRef
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Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2008; 51(6): 517. CrossRef

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