Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Papers

Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction of Pediatric Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Communication Skills and Pediatric Nurse-Parent Partnership: Lee, Da Gyeon , Choi, Mi-Young; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(5):514-524. Published online October 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23044

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of communication skills and pediatric nurse-parent partnership on the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among pediatric nurses.
Methods
A survey was administered to 205 pediatric nurses working in children’s, general, and tertiary hospitals situated in Chungcheong province and Seoul. Data were collected in August and September 2022. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 26.0 along with the PROCESS macro program.
Results
Emotional intelligence had a significant effect, and was a critical factor affecting the job satisfaction of pediatric nurses. Furthermore, communication skills and nurse-parent partnership had a serial double mediating effect.
Conclusion
These findings underscore the significance of conducting job satisfaction improvement programs, including strategies for augmenting emotional intelligence, bolstering communication skills, and fostering nurse-parent partnership.

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Factors influencing partnerships between care workers and families in nursing homes in South Korea
Eun-Yeong Jung, Hye-Young Jang
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Factors Influencing the COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions in Parents for Their Children Aged 5~11: Korea, April 2022: Choi, In Suk , Kim, Eun A; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(2):208-221. Published online April 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22096

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 vaccination intentions in Korean parents for their children aged 5 to 11 years and the factors influencing them.
Methods
A cross-sectional online survey of 363 parents of children aged 5 to 11 years was conducted in Korea in April 2022. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, χ2-test, Fisher’s exact test, and hierarchical logistic regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 26.0 and MedCalc software version 20.113.
Results
Of 363 Korean parents with children aged 5 to 11, 42.4% intended to vaccinate their children. Significant factors influencing vaccination intention were the second or third birth order of children (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.45~8.21), vaccine hesitancy-confidence (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.51~2.65), vaccine hesitancy-collective responsibility (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.10~2.25), and COVID-19 anxiety-avoidance (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.13~2.11).
Conclusion
Findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccine campaigns based on reliable information and evidence from health authorities are needed to increase COVID-19 vaccination. Well-designed health communications for the target population may help to increase parental vaccine acceptance.

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Effective Vaccination and Education Strategies for Emerging Infectious Diseases Such as COVID-19
Seong-Heon Wie, Jaehun Jung, Woo Joo Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Review Article

Parental Factors Associated with Smartphone Overuse in Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Lee, Gumhee , Kim, Sungjae , Yu, Heajin; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):349-368. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19186

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to identify parental factors associated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers.
Methods
A systematic reviewwas conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 2009 to June 2019 were identifiedthrough systematic search in 10 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, Web of Science, NDSL, KISS, KMbase,KoreaMed, and RISS). Standardized effect sizes were calculated to quantify the associations of parental factors with smartphoneoveruse in preschoolers using meta-analysis.
Results
A total of 30 cross-sectional studies involving 7,943 participants met the inclusioncriteria. The following were negatively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers: mother’s parenting self-efficacy (r =-.35),mother-child attachment (r =-.28), mother’s positive parenting behavior (r =-.28), mother’s positive parenting attitude (r =-.25), and father’sparenting involvement (r =-.15). Further, maternal factors such as smartphone addiction tendency (r =.41), parenting stress (r =.40), negativeparenting behavior (r =.35), negative parenting attitude (r =.14), smartphone usage time (r =.26), employment status (r =.18), and age(r =.12) were positively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers.
Conclusion
Several parental factors influence smartphoneoveruse in preschoolers. These findings emphasize the need to assess and enhance the parental factors identified in this study to preventsmartphone overuse in preschoolers. Accordingly, we recommend the development of preventive interventions to strengthen parent-relatedprotective factors and mitigate risk factors.

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FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SMARTPHONE OVERDEPENDENCE IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND ITS EFFECT ON SOCIAL BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS
Leyla Çakmak, Fikriye Aksoy Boğanak, Nurettin Menteş, Mustafa Volkan
Sağlık ve Sosyal Refah Araştırmaları Dergisi.2025; 7(1): 43. CrossRef
Empowering Parents: The Impact of a Parenting Practice-Based Care Module on Preventing Internet Gaming Disorder in Elementary School Children
Nur Hidaayah, Esti Yunitasari, Hanik Endang Nihayati
Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research.2025; 30(2): 211. CrossRef
Effects of digitalization in preschool education on the creative and cognitive development of children
Yiyi Chen, Zihe Ding
Education and Information Technologies.2024; 29(16): 21567. CrossRef
Sequential Dual Mediating Effects of Smartphone Dependence and Aggression on the Relationship Between Negative Parenting Attitudes and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents
Jihun Na, Sungkyu Lee, Hyeyeon Sung, Jinho Jhone
Child & Family Social Work.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical Manifestations’ Spectrum of Smartphone Addiction: Moving from an Addiction toward a Clinical Syndrome
Mudar Alwazzeh, Muhdammad Harfouch, Manal Ahmed Hasan, Safi Alqatari, Abir Hamad AlSaid, Marwan Jabr Alwazzeh
Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The experiences of counselors caring for children and adolescents with problematic smartphone use
Jaewon Joung, Eunhee Oh, Eun Jee Lee
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of emotion coaching group programme for mothers of preschool children with smart device overdependence: a mixed methods study
Gumhee Lee, Sungjae Kim
BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence, determinants and consequences of problematic smartphone use among preschoolers (3–5 years) from Dhaka, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional investigation
Faruq Abdulla, Md. Moyazzem Hossain, Mohammed Nazmul Huq, Abdul Hai, Azizur Rahman, Russell Kabir, Farhana Jahan Peya, Sinigdha Islam, Hafiz T.A. Khan
Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 329: 413. CrossRef
Factors related to the organizational silence of Korean nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Kyungja Kang, Jeong-Hee Kim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(3): 302. CrossRef
What Do Mothers Consider When Choosing Screen Media Programs for Their Infants?
Yoon Kyung Kim, Dongmee Lee, Ju Hee Park
Family and Environment Research.2022; 60(1): 115. CrossRef
Relationship between Mother’s emotional intelligence, negative parenting behaviour, Preschooler’s attachment instability, and smart device overdependence
Gumhee Lee, Sungjae Kim
BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors Related to Smartphone Overdependence in Mothers of Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Gumhee Lee, Eunjin Yang
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.2022; 60(3): 40. CrossRef
Mediating Effects of Online-Based Leisure Between Parenting Attitudes and Children’s Smartphone Dependency
Yoonju Cho
Korean Journal of Child Studies.2021; 42(6): 695. CrossRef
Pathway from Maternal Parenting Efficacy, Inappropriate Motives for Allowing Smart Devices, and Smart Device Dependency to Preschoolers’ Ability to Understand Minds
Yun Mi Park, Min Ju Kang
Korean Journal of Child Studies.2020; 41(6): 9. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Impact of Parents’ Problem Drinking on Suicidal Ideation of Their University Student Children : The Multiple Mediating Effects of Childhood Trauma, Experiential Avoidance and Depression: Eun Sook Lee, Eun Ju Bong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):565-577. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.565

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to construct and test a hypothetical model about impact of parents’ problem drinking on suicidal ideation of their children who are university students and the multiple mediating effects of childhood trauma, experiential avoidance, and depression based on stress-vulnerability model.

Methods

A purposive sample of 400 university students was recruited from three universities in provincial areas and the data were collected between October and November 2016. The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. Multiple mediating effects analysis using phantom variable and bootstrapping were implemented to verify the mediating effect of the research model.

Results

We found no significant direct effect on depression and suicidal ideation of parents’ problem drinking, but multiple mediating effects of childhood trauma and experiential avoidance between parents’ problem drinking and depression (B=.38, p=.001). The path from parents’ problem drinking to suicidal ideation was significantly mediated by childhood trauma and depression (B=.02, p=.016) and by childhood trauma, experiential avoidance, and depression (B=.05, p=.011), but experiential avoidance did not have a significant direct effect on suicidal ideation (B=.02, p=.616). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested that in order to decrease depression and prevent suicide of university students, considering of parents’ problem drinking and childhood trauma, intervention methods that decreased chronic use of experiential avoidance and strengthen acceptance should be developed and made available to them.

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Psychological Trauma Predicts Obesity in Welsh Secure Mental Health Inpatients
Joseph Lloyd Davies, Daniel Lawrence, Ruth Bagshaw, Andrew Watt, Shane Mills, Catherine Heidi Seage
International Journal of Forensic Mental Health.2024; 23(3): 241. CrossRef
Associations between Suicidal Ideation and Relatives’ Physical and Mental Health among Community Residents: Differences between Family Members and Lineal Consanguinity
Caifeng Li, Zhen Wei, Yifan Wang, Long Sun
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(23): 15997. CrossRef

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A Phenomenological Study on Orphans' Lived Experience of Their Parents: Yang Sook Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(2):452-462. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.2.452

Abstract PDF

There are currently 214 orphanages in Korea which house approximately 13,873 orphans aged between 3 and 18; this accounts for about 0.12% of all children in the same age range. Some have lost their parents, but most have come after their parents divorced or broke up. This means majority of the children in Child Care Centers have parents. Traditional virtue of obedience to parents (Hyo) was regarded as one of the highest value in Korea. Also the interaction between parents and their children was regarded as basic human nature that parents look after, both physically and spiritually, their children until they become one of the matured social member. Raised without having a chance to realize their filial duty and not having been cared for by their parents, most orphans feel that they lack something in their lives when compared with friends. In the end, they live their lives longing for their parents and go through mental discord about their parents. This paper is focused on understanding orphans' experience and views on parents. I approached the issue by applying van Manen's Hermeneutic Phenomenological Approach. The interviews, along with other reference material were phenomenologically reflected to draw essential themes as follows; 1. Orphans of pre-school age hazily long for parents without having any practical image of their parents. 2. They occasionally dream meeting their parents with image that can only last in their dreams, and this continues up through middle school. 3. At the age of elementary school, they crave the image of parents as they see their friends with their parents. 4. They start to despise their parents for having abandoned them when they reach puberty. 5. Meanwhile, as their vague image of parents fade away, they attempt to give up their thoughts toward their parents. 6. Highteens start to think in terms of fate. 7. They don't long for their parents anymore as they used to, but still wishes to meet them at least once. However, they don't want to start any kind of a relationship with them. 8. They fear that they will also fail in raising families of their own, and making their children orphans too, just like their parents have. They simply don't want to follow their footsteps. 9. Thinking that they were abandoned by their parents, they are reluctant to believe other people.

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Effects of Group Rehabilitation Gymnastics for Stroke Patients
Sun-Houng Kim, Nam-Eun Moon, Mi-Yang Jeon, Hyeon-Cheol Jeong
Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science.2022; 11(2): 207. CrossRef
Expanding the concept of birthparent loss to orphans: Exploratory findings from adolescents in institutional care in South Korea
Hollee A. McGinnis
New Ideas in Psychology.2021; 63: 100892. CrossRef

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Peer and Parental Influences on Adolescent Smoking: Eunyoung Lee, Youngran Tak; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(4):694-700. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.4.694

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between peer and parental factors and smoking behavior of adolescents in urban cities and to investigate whether there are gender differences.

Methods

A stratified and random cluster sampling design was used to obtain a cross-sectional sample of high school students in two urban cities. The sample consisted of 512 Korean adolescents (256 boys and 256 girls) aged 15 to 18 (mean age 16.7±.58). Self-reported questionnaire consisted of adolescent smoking behavior, peer smoking and alcohol use, parental smoking and alcohol use, father-mother-peer relationships and perceived social support from peers and parents. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the hypothesized model.

Results

The findings showed that peer and parental factors accounted for 30.3% of the variance in adolescent smoking and peer smoking was most strongly associated with adolescent smoking behavior (OR=10.18). In addition, peer smoking (OR=4.71), peer alcohol use (OR=4.21), and peer relationships (OR=1.03) were significantly associated with boys' smoking behavior. In girls, peer smoking (OR=26.50) and parent smoking (OR=5.48) were significantly associated with smoking behavior.

Conclusions

Consistent with previous findings, peer smoking is a significant factor on adolescent smoking. Specifically, boys would be more influenced from peers than girls. Therefore, smoking prevention programs for adolescents might be focused on the social context such as, resisting to peer pressure and enhancing the self-efficacy to control.

Citations

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Smoking of Parents and Best Friend--Independent and Combined Effects on Adolescent Smoking and Intention to Initiate and Quit Smoking
K.-K. Mak, S.-Y. Ho, J. R. Day
Nicotine & Tobacco Research.2012; 14(9): 1057. CrossRef
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Adolescents Smoking: Difference Between Korean and Korean-Chinese
SoonBok E. Park, Soon-Nyung Yoon, Yunjeong Yi, Wenying Cui, Bora Nam
Asian Nursing Research.2011; 5(3): 189. CrossRef

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Factors Affecting Early School-Age Children's Subjective Happiness: Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model of Parental Variables: Kinoh Kang, Jungho Kim, Jungmin Kim, Hyoeun Jeong, Jeongwon Han; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(6):854-863. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.6.854

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study of cause-and-effect relationship, which used the 7^th year data of the Panel Study on Korean Children, to investigate the effects of parenting stress, depression, and family interactions of the parents of early school-age children on children's subjective happiness.

Methods

The present study included data of 1419 pairs of parents who participated in the mother and father survey of the Panel Study on Korean Children. The effects of parenting stress, depression, and parental family interactions on children's subjective happiness were analyzed as actor and partner effects using path analysis.

Results

Parenting stress had an actor effect on depression; maternal parenting stress (b=-.21, p<.001) and depression (b=-.30, p<.001) had an actor effect on maternal family interaction; and paternal parenting stress (b=-.18, p<.001) and depression (b=-.17, p<.001) had a partner effect on maternal family interaction. Paternal parenting stress was found to have an actor effect on paternal family interaction (b=-.30, p<.001), and parental depression was found to have actor effect (b=-.23, p<.001) and maternal depression had a partner effect on paternal family interactions (b=-.22, p<.001). Children's subjective happiness was found to have a statistically significant relationship with maternal family interaction (b=.40, p<.001).

Conclusion

The significance of the study is in its provision of basic data for adjusting parents’ family interactions that are closely related to the growth and development of children by confirming the effect of parents’ parenting stress, depression, and family interaction on children's subjective happiness.

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Does your child think you’re happy? Exploring the associations between children’s happiness and parenting styles
Alexandra Maftei, Andrei-Corneliu Holman, Elena-Roxana Cârlig
Children and Youth Services Review.2020; 115: 105074. CrossRef

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Adaptation in Families of Children with Down Syndrome: A Mixed-methods Design: Hyunkyung Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(4):501-512. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.501

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study, which was guided by the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment, and Adaptation, was twofold: (a) to explore family and parental adaptation and factors influencing family adaptation in Korean families of children with Down syndrome (DS) through a quantitative methodology and (b) to understand the life with a Korean child with DS through a qualitative method.

Methods

A mixed-methods design was adopted. A total of 147 parents of children with DS completed a package of questionnaires, and 19 parents participated in the in-depth interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression and content analysis respectively.

Results

According to the quantitative data, the overall family adaptation scores indicated average family functioning. Financial status was an important variable in understanding both family and parental adaptation. Family adaptation was best explained by family problem solving and coping communication, condition management ability, and family hardiness. Family strains and family hardiness were the family factors with the most influence on parental adaption. Qualitative data analysis showed that family life with a child with DS encompassed both positive and negative aspects and was expressed with 5 themes, 10 categories, and 16 sub-categories.

Conclusion

Results of this study expand our limited knowledge and understanding concerning families of children with DS in Korea and can be used to develop effective interventions to improve the adaptation of family as a unit as well as parental adaptation.

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Perceived stress and family adaptability in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy: the chain-mediated effect of social support and family resilience
Xiaoru Li, Yu Zhu, Hongwei Wan
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Family adaptation in families of individuals with Down syndrome from 12 countries
Marcia Van Riper, George J. Knafl, Kathleen A. Knafl, Maria do Céu Barbieri‐Figueiredo, Sivia Barnoy, Maria Caples, Hyunkyung Choi, Beth Cosgrove, Elysângela Dittz Duarte, Junko Honda, Elena Marta, Supapak Phetrasuwan, Sara Alfieri, Margareth Angelo, Wann
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
ADAPTATION OF THE FAMILY HARDINESS INDEX (FHI) INSTRUMENT FOR INDONESIAN ADOLESCENTS
Luisa Erica, Sri Redatin Retno Pudjiati
Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen.2024; 17(2): 120. CrossRef
Adaptation at the Family Level in Families of Individuals With Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review
Marcia Van Riper, Bethany Cosgrove, Louise Fleming
Journal of Family Nursing.2023; 29(4): 324. CrossRef
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Patricia West, Emily J. Jensen, Sarah N. Douglas, Gwen Wyatt, Lorraine Robbins, Charles Given
Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 71: e46. CrossRef
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Joung Woo Joung
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2022; 13(4): 298. CrossRef
Perceived Experiences of Korean Immigrant Mothers Raising Children With Disabilities in the United States
Anna Lee, Vicky J.-H. Yeh, Kathleen A. Knafl, Marcia Van Riper
Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2022; 33(2): 219. CrossRef
A Predictive Model of Resilience in Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities
Youyoung Cho, Hyeonok Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(4): 407. CrossRef
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Kathleen A. Knafl, Janet A. Deatrick, Agatha M. Gallo, Beth Skelton
Journal of Family Nursing.2021; 27(2): 87. CrossRef
Measurement of Family Management in Families of Individuals With Down Syndrome: A Cross-Cultural Investigation
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Journal of Family Nursing.2021; 27(1): 8. CrossRef
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Ji-Hee Sung, Soo Hyun Kim, Sir-yeon Hong, Chi-Son Chang, Yejin Kim, Jungeun Jeon, Hyea Park, Soo-young Oh
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Construct Validity of the Life Transition Scale for Parents of Children with Autism: Ae Ran Lee, Sun Woo Hong, Se Jin Ju; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(5):563-572. Published online October 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.5.563

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The study was done to identify the construct validity and reliability of the life transition scale (LTS) for parents who have children with autism.

Methods

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmative factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to identify the most adequate measurement model for structural validity. Convergent validity and discriminant validity were also conducted for structural validity. Data were collected from 208 parents through self-reported questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS/WIN 15.0 and AMOS 20.0 version.

Results

A four factor-structure was validated (χ²=541.23, p<.001, GFI=.82, RMSEA=.07, IFI=.89, CFI=.89, PNFI=.73, Q (χ²/df)=2.20) at the 3rd order of EFA and CFA, and factors were named as denying, wandering, despairing, and accepting. Both convergent and determinant validity for LTS were 100%. Cronbach's alphas for the reliability of each structure were .77-.90 and .83 for total structure.

Conclusion

The four structures, 24-item instrument showed satisfactory reliability and validity. LTS has the potential to be appropriate for assessing the transition process of life for parents who have children with autism and provides basic directions for differentiated support and care at each stage.

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An Integrated Review of The Factors Influencing Aggression in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Miran Jung, Yeong Seon Hong
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2022; 31(2): 125. CrossRef
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Pilar Maria Gamarra Choque, Edith Gissela Rivera Arellano, Enaidy Reynosa Navarro, Juan Méndez Vergaray, Yolanda Josefina Huayta-Franco, Melissa Fatima Muñante Toledo
Journal of Medicine and Life.2022; 15(1): 43. CrossRef
Validity and Reliability of the Life Transition Scale in Parents of Disabled Children Across the Life Transition Process
Sun Woo Hong, JinShil Kim, Hwal Lan Bang
Child Health Nursing Research.2020; 26(3): 338. CrossRef
Life Transition Process Effects on Depressive Symptoms in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Sun Woo Hong, JinShil Kim, Ae Ran Lee, Jeong Sil Choi
Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 337. CrossRef
Differences in Life Transition Process of Parents Caring for Children with Autism: Based on the Socio-Demographic Characteristics
Ae Ran Lee, Sun Woo Hong
Child Health Nursing Research.2015; 21(4): 331. CrossRef

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Factors Affecting Social Competence in School-aged Children according to Alcohol Consumption by Parents': Jin-A Lee, Young-Ran Kweon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(5):495-503. Published online October 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.5.495

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the social competence of school-aged children according alcohol consumption by their parents.

Methods

The participants were 558 5th grade elementary school students. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from September 17 to October 2 2013, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ²-test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis with the SPSS PC+ 21.0 program.

Results

Participants were classified into three groups according to alcohol use; Non-use parent group (52.7%), social use parent group (31.0%), and problem use parent group (16.3%). Participants whose parents were problem users had significantly lower scores on emotional awareness and expression (F=14.45, p<.001), social support (F=5.82, p=.003), and social competence (F=16.33, p<.001) compared to students in the other two groups. In school-aged children with parents who were alcohol abusers, the variables that predicted social competence was friend support (66.0%).

Conclusion

These results emphasize the importance of focusing on the crucial role of peer support in the development of social competence in school-aged children of parents who abuse alcohol. Further, for these children, interventions aimed at improving social support and children's emotional awareness and expression may be most beneficial.

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A Review on the Use of Effect Size in Nursing Research
Hyuncheol Kang, Kyupil Yeon, Sang-Tae Han
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(5): 641. CrossRef

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Types of Child Rearing Behavior of Parents during Early Childhood: Q-Methodological Approach: Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(4):486-496. Published online August 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.4.486

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the awareness of child rearing among parents of children in early childhood and to provide fundamental data for parent education programs according to child rearing type.

Methods

Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Forty Q items which were derived from a literature review and interviews with nurturing mothers were classified into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using the QUANAL PC Program.

Results

Four types of parents' child rearing were identified. Type I was named 'affection-respect type', type II, 'concern-rule compliant type', type III, 'solicitude-model type', and type IV, 'geniality-encouragement type'.

Conclusion

For proper growth and development during early childhood, parents should have rational information and awareness of their child rearing type. Results of this study can be used as essential data to develop child rearing education programs according to parents' child rearing attitude.

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Motherhood Ideology and Parenting Stress according to Parenting Behavior Patterns of Married Immigrant Women with Young Children
So-Hyun Moon, Miok Kim, Hyeun Na
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(4): 449. CrossRef
Development of a Measurement Instrument for Parenting Behavior of Primary Caregivers in Early Childhood
Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(5): 650. CrossRef
A study on the types of gender role identity in middle-aged men using Q methodology
Sung-Hee Ko, Myung-Ae Kim, Euna Park
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(7): 4361. CrossRef

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Development and Testing of a Pediatric Nurse Parent Partnership Scale: Mi Young Choi, Kyung-Sook Bang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(2):194-202. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.2.194

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to develop and test a scale to measure the partnership between pediatric nurses and hospitalized children's parents.

Methods

Instrument development process included construct identification based on concept analysis using the hybrid model of Shuwartz-Barcott and Kim (2000), a process which generated 42 initial items. This number was reduced to 35 items through content validity tests by 5 experts and face validity tests by 5 pediatric nurses and 5 parents of hospitalized children. The preliminary Pediatric Nurse Parent Partnership Scale (PNPPS) was administered to 186 pediatric nurses and 163 parents at eleven children's wards in four hospitals. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha.

Results

Thirty-four items were selected for the final scale. Seven factors evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 68.4% of the total variance. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha was .96 and reliability of the subscales ranged from .66 to .93.

Conclusion

The PNPPS demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the partnership of pediatric nurses and parents in practice and research.

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Development of a Scale to Measure Life Transition Process in Parents of Children with Autism: Ae Ran Lee, Sun Woo Hong, Se Jin Ju; J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(6):861-869. Published online December 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.6.861

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this research was to develop a scale to measure the life transition process of parents of children with autism, against the backdrop of a lack of research on this topic.

Methods

Seventy preliminary items were drawn from previous qualitative research, and content validity was tested by three professors as well as three parents of children with autism. A questionnaire survey was also done between August 2011 and February 2012. Data were collected from 207 parents of children with autism and analyzed using descriptive statistics, item analysis, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson correlation coefficients, and factor analysis with the SPSS Win 15.0 program.

Results

Twenty-nine items were selected to constitute the appropriate measuring scale and categorized into 5 factors explaining 63.2% of the total variance. The 5 factors were named; stages of denial (5 items), wandering (6 items), devotion (7 items), frustration (3 items), and finally acceptance (8 items). Cronbach's alpha for the 29 items was .80.

Conclusion

The results of this study not only suggest assessment criteria for the life transition process of parents who have children with autism but also provide basic directions for program development to provide differentiated support and care at each stage.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Construct Validity of the Life Transition Scale for Parents of Children with Autism
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