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Review Paper
Factors Related to Emotional Leadership in Nurses Manager: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jang, Se Young , Park, Chan Mi , Yang, Eun Hee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(2):119-138.   Published online May 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24026
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to identify research trends related to emotional leadership among nurse managers by conducting a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. This study sought to derive insights that could contribute to improving emotional leadership in nursing practice.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Databases including PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Web of Science, Research Information Sharing Service, Koreanstudies Information Service System, Korean Medical Database, KoreaMed, ScienceON, and DBpia were searched to obtain papers published in English and Korean. Literature searches and screenings were conducted for the period December 1, 2023 to December 17, 2023. The effect size correlation (ESr) was calculated for each variable and the meta-analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS 29.0, R 4.3.1.
Results
Twenty-five (four personal, six job, and fifteen organizational) relevant variables were identified through the systematic review. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the total overall effect size was ESr = .33. Job satisfaction (ESr = .40) and leader-member exchange (ESr = .75) had the largest effect size among the job and organizational-related factors.
Conclusion
Emotional leadership helps promote positive changes within organizations, improves organizational effectiveness, and increases member engagement and satisfaction. Therefore, it is considered an important strategic factor in improving organizational performance.
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Research Papers
Emotional Intelligence, Academic Motivation, and Achievement among Health Science Students in Saudi Arabia: A Self-Deterministic Approach
Mahrous, Rasha Mohammed , Bugis, Bussma Ahmed , Sayed, Samiha Hamdi
J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(6):571-583.   Published online December 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23028
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study used a self-deterministic approach to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), academic motivation (AM), and achievement among health science students.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities of Saudi Arabia (Dammam, Riyadh, and Jeddah). A convenience sample of 450 students was incorporated using the multistage cluster sampling technique. The online survey contained three sections: students' basic data and academic achievement level, the modified Schutte self-report inventory, and the Academic Motivation Scale lowercase.
Results
This study revealed moderate overall scores for EI (57.1%), AM (55.6%), and grade point average (GPA) (57.6%). The overall EI score, its domains, and GPA had significant positive correlations with overall AM and intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (p < .01). Amotivation had an insignificant correlation with GPA (p < .05), but it was negatively correlated with EI and its domains (p < .01). Multiple regression analysis proved that EI domains predicted 5.0% of GPA variance; emotions appraisal and expression (β = .02, p = .024), regulation (β = .11, p = .032), and utilization (β = .24, p < .01). EI domains also predicted 26.0% of AM variance; emotions appraisal and expression (β = .11, p = .04), regulation (β = .33, p < .01), and utilization (β = .23, p < .01). Moreover, AM predicted 4.0% of the variance in GPA; intrinsic (β = .25, p = .004) and extrinsic (β = .11, p = .022) motivation. AM also predicted 25.0% of the variance in EI: intrinsic (β = .34, p < .01) and extrinsic motivation (β = .26, p = .026).
Conclusion
EI and AM have a bidirectional influence on each other, significantly shaping the GPA of health sciences students in Saudi Arabia, where intrinsic motivation has a predominant role. Thus, promoting students' AM and EI is recommended to foster their academic achievement.

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  • How to select candidates for an undergraduate degree in psychology? Combining high-school GPA and admission test score
    Angela Sorgente, Giada Pietrabissa, Alessandro Antonietti, Andrea Bonanomi, Gianluca Castelnuovo, Margherita Lanz, Semira Tagliabue, Daniela Traficante
    Asia Pacific Education Review.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 1 Web of Science
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Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction of Pediatric Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Communication Skills and Pediatric Nurse-Parent Partnership
Lee, Da Gyeon , Choi, Mi-Young
J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(5):514-524.   Published online October 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23044
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of communication skills and pediatric nurse-parent partnership on the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among pediatric nurses.
Methods
A survey was administered to 205 pediatric nurses working in children’s, general, and tertiary hospitals situated in Chungcheong province and Seoul. Data were collected in August and September 2022. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 26.0 along with the PROCESS macro program.
Results
Emotional intelligence had a significant effect, and was a critical factor affecting the job satisfaction of pediatric nurses. Furthermore, communication skills and nurse-parent partnership had a serial double mediating effect.
Conclusion
These findings underscore the significance of conducting job satisfaction improvement programs, including strategies for augmenting emotional intelligence, bolstering communication skills, and fostering nurse-parent partnership.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors influencing partnerships between care workers and families in nursing homes in South Korea
    Eun-Yeong Jung, Hye-Young Jang
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 666 View
  • 61 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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The Effects of the Combined Biofeedback and Brief Emotion Regulation Nursing Intervention Based on the Gross Model for Sexually Abused Adolescents
Kim, Jieun , Park, Wanju
J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(6):608-623.   Published online December 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22088
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a combined biofeedback and brief emotion regulation (C-BABER) program for sexually abused adolescents.
Methods
This study employed a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants included 26 sexually abused adolescents from eight Sunflower Centers of South Korea–with 13 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The experimental group received four sessions of the individual C-BABER program, each lasting 60 minutes.
Results
Compared with the control group, sexually abused adolescents in the experimental group exhibited significant score differences in traumatic symptoms, including depression (Z = - 2.24, p = .025), dissociation (Z = - 2.21, p = .027), anxiety (Z = - 2.02, p = .044), and posttraumatic stress (Z = - 2.01 p = .045); and impulsivity, including positive urgency (Z = - 3.35, p = .001) and negative urgency (Z = - 2.28, v = .023). Additionally, the experimental group exhibited significant score differences in meta-mood, including emotional attention (Z = - 2.45, p = .014), emotional clarity (Z = - 2.30, p = .021), and emotional repair (Z = - 2.28, p = .022); and emotional regulation modes, including emotional suppression (Z = - 2.65,p = .008) and cognitive reappraisal (Z = - 1.98, p = .047). Regarding bio-attention, significant changes were identified in the experimental group for the bio-attention rate and attention maintenance time in the posttest compared to the pretest (p = .001).
Conclusion
The C-BABER program for sexually abused adolescents is effective in decreasing traumatic symptoms and impulsivity, and in improving meta-mood, emotional regulation mode, and bio-attention. Therefore, we recommend providing sexually abused adolescents the C-BABER program to help them regulate their emotions and effectively adapt to their lives.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Effect of Biofeedback Training on Attention, Affect Balance, Academic Delay Behavior, and Problem-Solving Ability of Korean College Students
    Jungmin Lee, Youngkyoung Kim, Wanju Park
    Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2024; 38(2): 150.     CrossRef
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Effects of Electroencephalogram Biofeedback on Emotion Regulation and Brain Homeostasis of Late Adolescents in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Park, Wanju , Cho, Mina , Park, Shinjeong
J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(1):36-51.   Published online February 28, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21155
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback training for emotion regulation and brain homeostasis on anxiety about COVID-19 infection, impulsivity, anger rumination, meta-mood, and self-regulation ability of late adolescents in the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic situation.
Methods
A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The participants included 55 late adolescents in the experimental and control groups. The variables were evaluated using quantitative EEG at pre-post time points in the experimental group. The experimental groups received 10 sessions using the three-band protocol for five weeks. The collected data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, t-test and paired t-test using the SAS 9.3 program. The collected EEG data used a frequency series power spectrum analysis method through fast Fourier transform.
Results
Significant differences in emotion regulation between the two groups were observed in the anxiety about COVID-19 infection (W = 585.50, p = .002), mood repair of meta-mood (W = 889.50, p = .024), self-regulation ability (t = - 5.02, p < .001), self-regulation mode (t = - 4.74, p < .001), and volitional inhibition mode (t = - 2.61, p = .012). Neurofeedback training for brain homeostasis was effected on enhanced sensory-motor rhythm (S = 177.00, p < .001) and inhibited theta (S = - 166.00, p < .001).
Conclusion
The results demonstrate the potential of EEG biofeedback training as an independent nursing intervention that can markedly improve anxiety, mood-repair, and self-regulation ability for emotional distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Citations

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  • From Neural Networks to Emotional Networks: A Systematic Review of EEG-Based Emotion Recognition in Cognitive Neuroscience and Real-World Applications
    Evgenia Gkintoni, Anthimos Aroutzidis, Hera Antonopoulou, Constantinos Halkiopoulos
    Brain Sciences.2025; 15(3): 220.     CrossRef
  • Augmenting self-guided virtual-reality exposure therapy for social anxiety with biofeedback: a randomised controlled trial
    Preethi Premkumar, Nadja Heym, James A. C. Myers, Phoebe Formby, Steven Battersby, Alexander Luke Sumich, David Joseph Brown
    Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Infection Anxiety and Coping Strategies Among Individuals With Schizophrenia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mediating Effects of Protection Motivation
    Jeawon Joung, Dug Ja Choi
    Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services.2023; 61(11): 43.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Integrated Neurofeedback and Salutogenesis Nursing Intervention to Relieve Post-COVID-19 Symptoms in Late Adolescents
    Youngkyung Cho, Wanju Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(4): 402.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Brain Attention Biofeedback Self-regulation Training Nursing Intervention on Attention, Multidimensional Impulsivity, Emotional Response Intensity, and Self-regulated Learning Ability of School-aged Children in the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation
    Youngkyung Cho, Wanju Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2022; 31(2): 111.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of QEEG Findings before and after Onset of Post-COVID-19 Brain Fog Symptoms
    Marta Kopańska, Danuta Ochojska, Renata Muchacka, Agnieszka Dejnowicz-Velitchkov, Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk, Jacek Szczygielski
    Sensors.2022; 22(17): 6606.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
The Reliability and Validity of Korean Version of Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (K-WLEIS)
Jeong, Harim , Choi, Heejung , Park, Myungsook
J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):611-620.   Published online August 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20109
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (K-WLEIS). Methods: Data were collected from 360 nursing students using a self reported questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test construct validity. Convergence validity was identified by correlation with communication competency. Item convergent and discriminant validity were also analyzed. Reliability was evaluated internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the eigen values ranged from 1.34 to 5.86 and 73.2% of the total explained variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate model fit indices (χ 2 /df 1.89, RMSEA .07, GFI .89, CFI .95, and TLI .93) and standardized factor loadings (.48 to .87). The average extracted variances (.71 to .79) and composite reliability (.80 to .87) validated convergence and discriminant validity of the items. Test-retest reliability of intra-class correlation coefficient was .90 and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .88. Conclusion: The K-WLEIS is an appropriate scale for measuring the emotional intelligence of Korean nursing students. Therefore, it is expected that the K-WLEIS will be used for nursing education programs to improve nursing students’ emotional intelligence.

Citations

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  • Emotional Intelligence and Its Effect on Person-Centered Care: A Qualitative Study of Nursing Professionals in Jordan
    Abdul-Monim Batiha
    The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing.2025; 56(3): 119.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Emotional Intelligence, Caring Efficacy, and Social Support on Clinical Competency of Nursing Students
    Jaewoo Park, Vasuki Rajaguru, Jeoungmi Kim
    The Open Nursing Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Hospital Nurses’ Workplace Bullying Experiences Focusing on Meritocracy Belief, Emotional Intelligence, and Organizational Culture: A Cross‐Sectional Study
    Insil Jang, Sun Joo Jang, Sun Ju Chang, Miyuki Takase
    Journal of Nursing Management.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Emotional Touch Nursing Competencies Model of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Instrument Validation Study
    Sun-Young Jung, Ji-Hyeon Lee
    Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal.2024; 8: e67928.     CrossRef
  • Concept Analysis of Social Intelligence of Nurses Using Hybrid Model
    Kyung Ran Lee, Na Kyoung Lee, Hee Oh, Kyoung Ae Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 459.     CrossRef
  • The Reliability and Validity of a Korean version of the Quality of Life in Life Threatening Illness - Family Carer Version 3: Focused on the families of patients with terminal cancers
    Kyung-Ah Kang, Hyun Sook Kim, Myung-Nam Lee
    Asian Oncology Nursing.2023; 23(3): 102.     CrossRef
  • A study on the effects of health behavior and sports participation on female college students' body mass index and healthy promoting lifestyle
    Xiangyun Lin, Hao Liu
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Nursing Professionalism on the Nursing Performance in Intensive Care Unit Nurses
    Sunyoung Jung, Hyojung Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 451.     CrossRef
  • Cross-Cultural Validation of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire-Revised (MQOL-R), Korean Version; A Focus on People at the End of Life
    Kyung-Ah Kang, Myung-Nam Lee
    The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2022; 25(3): 110.     CrossRef
  • Reliability and Construct Validity Assessment of Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale and Satisfaction With Life Scale in the Indian Hospitality Industry
    Shruti Traymbak, Ashok Sharma, Mili Dutta
    Annals of Neurosciences.2022; 29(2-3): 121.     CrossRef
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Effect of Emotional Coaching Program for Clinical Nurses on Resilience, Emotional Labor, and Self-efficacy
Ryu, Kyung , Kim, Jong Kyung
J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(3):419-430.   Published online June 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.19194
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the effect of the emotional coaching program for hospital nurses.
Methods
The study used anon-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and participants included 60 nurses (30 in the experimental group and 30 in thecontrol group) who worked at a general hospital. The experimental group attended four sessions, one per week, with each session lastingtwo and a half hours. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, x2 test, t-test, paired t-test, and repeatedmeasures ANOVA using SPSS WIN 23.0 program.
Results
Significant differences were shown between the experimental and the controlgroups regarding emotional labor (F=68.40, p<.001), resilience (F=48.77, p<.001), and self-efficacy (F=15.31, p<.001).
Conclusion
Theemotional coaching program for nurses is useful for enhancing nurses’ emotional labor management, resilience, and self-efficacy. In addition,this program may serve as a basis for providing emotional coaching to nurses in the future.

Citations

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  • The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Resilience Among Pediatric Nurses in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
    Bushra Bawazier, Hebah Almulla, Mansour Mansour, Sama Hammad, Rana Alameri, Latifa Aldossary, Tahani AlShammari
    Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2025; Volume 18: 739.     CrossRef
  • The Moderating Effect of Nursing Organizational Culture on the Relationship between Resilience and Clinical Competence of New Graduate Nurses
    Hanna Lee, Eun-Jun Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(5): 483.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Emotional Labor and Positive Psychological Capital on the Turnover Intention of Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19: A Descriptive Survey Study
    Mira Kwon, Yeoungsuk Song, Majd T. Mrayyan
    Journal of Nursing Management.2024; 2024: 1.     CrossRef
  • Mentorship in nursing: A review of approaches to defining the concept in international and Russian publications
    K. V. Kuzmin, L. E. Petrova, V. S. Kharchenko
    Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin.2024; 31(4): 89.     CrossRef
  • Effects of grit, calling, and resilience on the retention intention of general hospital nurses
    Gi Ran Lee, Imsun Lee, Mihee Chung, Jiyeon Ha
    International Nursing Review.2024; 71(4): 766.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Transition Shock on Intention to Stay in Newly Graduated Nurses : The Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital
    Hyuna Kam, Chanhee Kim, Yeonok Yoon, Heeyoung Shin, Junghwa Lee, Myoungohk Kim
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(3): 25.     CrossRef
  • Psychological Intervention to Promote Resilience in Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Suk-Jung Han, Young-Ran Yeun
    Healthcare.2023; 12(1): 73.     CrossRef
  • The relationship between secondary traumatic stress and burnout in critical care nurses: The mediating effect of resilience
    Yun Jeong Jeong, Sujin Shin
    Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2023; 74: 103327.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the Resilience of Nurses in Long-Term Care Hospitals during on Job Stress COVID-19 Pandemic: Mediating Effects of Nursing Professionalism
    Bom-Mi Park, Jiyeon Jung
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(19): 10327.     CrossRef
  • 445 View
  • 17 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
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The Mediating Effects of Learning Motivation on the Association between Perceived Stress and Positive-Deactivating Academic Emotions in Nursing Students Undergoing Skills Training
Wei Wang, Huiying Xu, Bingmei Wang, Enzhi Zhu
J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(4):495-504.   Published online January 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.495
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

Nursing students experience a high degree of perceived stress during skills training. The resulting academic sentiment is worthy of research. This study examined the learning motivation as a mediator in the association between perceived stress and positive deactivating academic emotions in nursing students undergoing skills training.

Methods

A survey was conducted on 386 third-year undergraduate nursing students at a university in Changchun, China, in 2017. The survey included the items on perceived stress, learning motivation during nursing skill training, and general academic emotion. There were 381 valid responses (response rate=98.7%). Based on the results of partial correlation and stepwise multiple regression equations, the study examined the mediation model between perceived stress, learning motivation and positive-deactivating academic emotions using process 2.16 (a plug-in specifically used to test mediation or moderation effect in SPSS).

Results

There was a significant negative correlation between students’ perceived stress and learning motivation during nursing skills training and positive-deactivating academic emotions. Nervousness, loss of control, and interest in developing reputation had significant predictive effects on positive-deactivating academic emotions. The mediating model was well supported.

Conclusion

Learning motivation during nursing skills training lessened the damage of perceived stress on positive-deactivating academic emotions. Improving students’ motivation to learn could reduce their perceived stress and build more positive emotions. Positive emotions during learning played an important role in helping nursing students improve skills and enhance their nursing competence.

Citations

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  • The effects of academic emotions on learning outcomes: A three-level meta-analysis of research conducted between 2000 and 2024
    Jianling Xie, Kit W. Cho, Tianlan Wei, Jianzhong Xu, Min Fan
    Learning and Motivation.2025; 90: 102109.     CrossRef
  • Correlation of academic emotion and hardiness personality of undergraduate nursing students
    Lili Guo, Danfeng Yan, Junping Yan, Rui Jiao
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The mediating effect of coping on perceived stress and professional identity among nursing interns: a cross-sectional study conducted in a medical university in China
    Haixia Tu, Jing Liu, Fengzhen Li, Tingting Lin, Pinpin Jin, Ping Li, Jufang Li
    BMC Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of laughter yoga on stress and anxiety of nursing students: A systematic review
    Amir Mohamad Nazari, Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari, Amir Emami Zeydi, Akbar Zare-Kaseb
    Teaching and Learning in Nursing.2024; 19(3): e477.     CrossRef
  • Emotional intelligence evaluation tools used in allied health students: A scoping review
    Debra Lee, Tracy Burrows, Daphne James, Ross Wilkinson, Yolanda Surjan
    Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The mediating role of learning motivation in the relationship among perceived stress and emotional regulation among Saudi nursing students in clinical practice
    Bander Saad Albagawi, Yasir S. Alsalamah, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan, Rakan Mansuor AL Rawili, Lisa A. Babkair, Sara A. Alkharji, Thamer Alslamah, Mirna Fawaz
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Stress, mental health, and protective factors in nursing students: An observational study
    Ma Eugenia Visier-Alfonso, Carmen Sarabia-Cobo, Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca, Marta Nieto-López, Rigoberto López-Honrubia, Raquel Bartolomé-Gutiérrez, Ana Rosa Alconero-Camarero, José Rafael González-López
    Nurse Education Today.2024; 139: 106258.     CrossRef
  • Investigating The Level of State Anxiety Among Newly Enrolled Undergraduate Female Nursing Students in Karachi, Pakistan
    Farhan Ahmed, Yasir Ali, Anwar Ali Malik, Rubina, Ameer Ullah Khan
    Indus Journal of Bioscience Research.2024; 2(2): 1267.     CrossRef
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    Alba Torné-Ruiz, Mercedes Reguant, Judith Roca
    Nurse Education in Practice.2023; 66: 103533.     CrossRef
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    Gunnur Karakurt, Pranaya Katta, Sarah Apte, Jason Choi, Chi Doan, Sarin Gole, Sara Jordan
    Journal of Systemic Therapies.2023; 42(1): 74.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a false-positive result in newborn congenital hypothyroidism screening on parents in Guangxi, China
    Si-Jing Tu, Yu-Jia Wei, Bu-Tong Chen, Xiao-Fei Zhang, Chao Luo, Bai-Qing Dong
    Frontiers in Pediatrics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Moral courage, burnout, professional competence, and compassion fatigue among nurses
    Mohammed Hamdan Alshammari, Mohammad Alboliteeh
    Nursing Ethics.2023; 30(7-8): 1068.     CrossRef
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    Daniel Joseph E. Berdida
    Nurse Education in Practice.2023; 69: 103639.     CrossRef
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    Martina Rahe, Petra Jansen
    Frontiers in Education.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Zhang Yuhuan, Zheng Pengyue, Chen Dong, Niu Qichao, Pang Dong, Song Anqi, Jiang Hongbo, Di Zhixin
    BMC Medical Education.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Emine Iyigun, Emine Arici Parlak, Hatice Ayhan
    Teaching and Learning in Nursing.2022; 17(3): 296.     CrossRef
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    Chenxin Xu, Qing Wang
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    Liling Xu, Huahua Wang, Jiaxin Chen, Yiwen Zhang, Zhiqi Huang, Chengfu Yu
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(23): 15819.     CrossRef
  • Influence of psychological stress and coping styles in the professional identity of undergraduate nursing students after the outbreak of COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional study in China
    Yanyan Zhao, Qiang Zhou, Jie Li, Jiage Luan, Bingfei Wang, Yan Zhao, Xinru Mu, Haiying Chen
    Nursing Open.2021; 8(6): 3527.     CrossRef
  • Anxiety, perceived stress and coping strategies in nursing students: a cross-sectional, correlational, descriptive study
    María Dolores Onieva-Zafra, Juan José Fernández-Muñoz, Elia Fernández-Martínez, Francisco José García-Sánchez, Ana Abreu-Sánchez, María Laura Parra-Fernández
    BMC Medical Education.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 19 Web of Science
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Psychosocial Well-Being of Clinical Nurses Performing Emotional Labor: A Path Analytic Model Approach
Yoonjeong Lee, Hyunli Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(3):307-316.   Published online January 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.307
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of emotional expressivity, emotional intelligence, affectivity, job autonomy, social support, and emotional labor on clinical nurses’ individual well-being and to provide guidelines for interventions and strategies for its improvement.

Methods

The sample consisted of 207 nurses recruited from a general hospital in Korea. The participants completed a structured self-report questionnaire comprising measures of emotional expressivity, emotional intelligence, positive affectivity, negative affectivity, job autonomy, supervisor support, coworker support, deep acting, surface acting, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics 22.0 and AMOS 22.0.

Results

The final model was a good fit for the data based on the model fit indices. In the path analysis, surface acting, negative affectivity, supervisor support, and coworker support had statistically significant effects on emotional exhaustion, explaining 29.0% of the variance. Deep acting, emotional exhaustion, positive affectivity, and emotional intelligence had statistically significant effects on job satisfaction, explaining 43.0% of the variance.

Conclusion

Effective strategies to improve clinical nurses’ individual well-being should focus on surface acting, deep acting, affectivity, social support, and emotional intelligence. The results of this study can be utilized as base data to manage emotional labor and improve clinical nurses’ individual well-being.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Validity and Reliability of the Korean version of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale for Nurses
    Hye-Ja Park, Soyoung Yu
    Sage Open.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 186 View
  • 0 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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The Effect of Nurse's Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention: Mediation Effect of Burnout and Moderated Mediation Effect of Authentic Leadership
Soo Yang Na, Hanjong Park
J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(3):286-297.   Published online January 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.286
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

To investigate the effect of nurses’ emotional labor on their turnover intention that was mediated by burnout and to examine the moderated mediation effect of authentic leadership.

Methods

A total of 227 nurses working at two general hospitals in Seoul were recruited from March 21 to May 6 in 2016. Emotional labor including surface acting and deep acting; burnout factors such as emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment; and turnover intention were assessed. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro.

Results

Surface acting significantly increased emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment. Deep acting significantly increased personal accomplishment. Emotional exhaustion significantly increased turnover intention. Conversely, personal accomplishment significantly reduced turnover intention. Surface acting had an indirect effect on turnover intention that was mediated by emotional exhaustion. Deep acting had an indirect effect on turnover intention that was mediated by personal accomplishment. Authentic leadership had a moderated mediation effect on the relationship between surface acting and turnover intention that was mediated by emotional exhaustion.

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that the establishment of strong authentic leadership by head nurses would help nurses reduce their burnout and turnover intention. Conducting intervention studies would be also important to promote better work environments that would enable nurses to fortify the positive aspect of emotional labor and to reduce their burnout levels.

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    Shu-Chen Susan Chang, Anyi Chung, Shu Yu Chen, Chu Yen Lin, I-Heng Chen
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  • Turnover intention and its related factors of clinical research coordinator in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study
    Juan Li, JinHua Li, ZhengDi She, LiWen Guo, ShanZhi Gu, Wen Lu
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  • How surface acting affects turnover intention among family doctors in rural China: the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of occupational commitment
    Anqi Wang, Changhai Tang, Lifang Zhou, Haiyuan Lv, Jia Song, Zhongming Chen, Wenqiang Yin
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  • Authentic leadership in nurses’ professional practice: an integrative review
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  • The effect of burnout and its dimensions on turnover intention among nurses: A meta‐analytic review
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Effects of Group Counseling Program Based on Goal Attainment Theory for Middle School Students with Emotional and Behavioral Problems
In Ju Jeong, Soo Jin Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(2):199-210.   Published online April 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.2.199
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a group counseling program based on goal attainment theory on self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and school adjustment of middle school students with emotional and behavioral problems.

Methods

Forty-four middle school students with emotional and behavioral problems (22 in the experimental group and 22 in the control group) from G city participated in this study. Data were collected from July 30 to September 24, 2015. The experimental group received the 8-session program, scheduled once a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes. Outcome variables included self-esteem, interpersonal relationship, and school adjustment.

Results

There were significant increases for self-esteem (t=3.69, p=.001), interpersonal relationship (t=8.88, p<.001), and school adjustment (t=4.92, p<.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the group counseling program based on goal attainment theory is very effective in increasing self-esteem, interpersonal relationship, and school adjustment for middle school students with emotional and behavioral problems. Therefore, it is recommended that the group counseling program based on goal attainment theory be used as an effective psychiatric nursing intervention for mental health promotion and the prevention of mental illness in adolescents.

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  • DEVELOPMENT OF GROUP COUNSELING GUIDE WITH RELAXATION, SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION, AND FLOODING TECHNIQUES TO REDUCE INTERACTION ANXIETY
    Eva Kartika Wulan Sari, Leny Latifah
    Counsenesia Indonesian Journal Of Guidance and Counseling.2023; 4(2): 148.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Nurse-Led Intervention Programs Based on Goal Attainment Theory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Bom-Mi Park
    Healthcare.2021; 9(6): 699.     CrossRef
  • Essential Role of Theory in Nursing Research for Advancement of Nursing Science
    Soyoung Yu, Ju-Eun Song
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(4): 391.     CrossRef
  • Development and Effect of a Fall Prevention Program Based on King’s Theory of Goal Attainment in Long-Term Care Hospitals: An Experimental Study
    Bom-Mi Park
    Healthcare.2021; 9(6): 715.     CrossRef
  • Development and Effect of a Fall Prevention Program Based on the King's Goal Attainment Theory for Fall High-Risk Elderly Patients in Long-Term Care Hospital
    Bom Mi Park, Ho Sihn Ryu, Kyeung Eun Kwon, Chun Young Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(2): 203.     CrossRef
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A Phenomenological Study on Psychosocial Nursing Care in Korea
Myung Sun Yi
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1994;24(2):226-240.   Published online March 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1994.24.2.226
AbstractAbstract PDF

No abstract available.

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Effects of Hand Reflexology on Physiological Emotional Responses and Immunity in the Patients with Chronic illness; Chronic renal failure patients and Cancer patients
Chung Hee Lee, Sei Young Oh, Ok Soon Park, In Gak Kwon, Mi A Jeong, Eun A Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):716-726.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.716
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of hand reflexology on the physiological?emotional responses and immunity of the patients with chronic illness. This study looked specifically at patients with chronic renal failure(CRF) and cancer patients. METHOD: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre and post test. Subjects were 54 patients who received dialysis and chemotherapy in one hospital. Thirty-one patients were assigned to the experimental group and 23 to the control group. The hand reflexology was applied to both hands of the experiment group for ten minutes each time, 5 times during three days. For data collection, physiological lab levels, immune cells of blood and questionnaires for emotional responses were measured before and after the program. RESULT: BT of the experiment group was decreased significantly on both of the 1st and the 5th application. PR and BP were decreased significantly on the 1st times, but not 5th times. Hb levels of the experimental group were significantly increased. And emotional responses, vigor and mood scores of the experiment group were significantly increased. B cell and CD19 were increased significantly on the experiment group. Suppressor T cell and NK cell showed significant decrease after the program, but no significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: We have found that the hand reflexology helps the chronic patients to improve physiological emotional responses and the immune reaction. Through this result, the hand reflexology is effective as a intervention of psychoneuroimmunologic function.

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  • The Effect of Reflexology Applied to Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Dyspnea and Fatigue
    Hatice Polat, Seher Ergüney
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    Gülistan Özdemir, Nimet Ovayolu, Özlem Ovayolu
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2013; 19(3): 265.     CrossRef
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A Subjectivity Study on Type of Emotional Response of Stroke Patient
Soo Yeon Ahn
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(3):584-594.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.3.584
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to identify emotional responses, of stroke patients using Q analysis. From the data analysis, five types of emotional responses in stroke patients were classified as follows. 1. Acceptance and Overcoming : They attached to life strongly and had self-confidence of recovery. They were striving against their situation through using anything else good for their recovery. 2. Anger Type : They recognized a labile feeling and were angered easily. They had a self-confident and self-esteemed personality before they had a stroke. 3. Conflict Type : They wanted interaction with others. This individual recognized that no one knows their agonies. They were thankful to god or their family, while they could not control their minds. Their family supports were low. 4. Deficiency of self-esteem Type : They had a self-confidence of recovery, but they were in fear of interaction with others. Especially, they were ashamed of themselves. They have a high sense of responsibility and nigh self-esteem for themselves before they had a stroke. 5. Despair Type. : They were sorry to trouble their family. They felt depression, anxiety, darkness, uselessness of themselves, and they wanted to die. They recognized financial burden. for their family. The characteristics of the five types of stroke patient identified in this study will be used to assess emotional nursing needs for stroke patients. The findings of this study will provide practical guidelines for developing nursing interventions for stroke patients based on the characteristics of subjectivity types.

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Narrative Analysis on Survivor's Experience of Daegu Subway Fire Disaster: The Hypothetical Suggestions for Disaster Nursing Practice
Namhee Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(2):407-418.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.2.407
AbstractAbstract PDF

Some fifty survivors participated in the narrative therapy sessions from March 2003 to December 2004, and thirty cases were analyzed using the transcripts. Each participant's surviving story was summarized, and then interpreted and reinterpreted by the survivors themselves in collaboration with the researcher. Thetwo main principles in narrative analysis were hermeneutical distanciation and hermeneutical circulation.

Result and Conclusion

First, nursing involvement should play active roles from the early stages of disaster incidents. Specifically, emergency nursing and flexible coping plans are to be available according to the specific properties of each case. Secondly, it is necessary to try to understand the extreme emotional experiences of disaster survival. The horror and pain people feel at an incident cannot simply be generalized, and it requires that each case be approached individually to help stop social alienation. Thirdly, more constant and long-term studies are required to set up nursing strategies for disaster survivors. Forming a trustingrelationship with survivors is basic, and formally registering as participants is necessary for continuous interventions. Fourthly, we should deeply appreciate the danger and complexity of modern society and understand the complex nature of disaster. Fifthly, interdisciplinary activities and studies are necessary in combination with various other fields to establish a framework of total nursing care for disaster incidents. Lastly, it is urgently necessary to educate families and friends of the survivors and the society as a whole about life after a disaster.

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  • Disaster nursing training for intern nurses: A narrative approach
    Tao YI, Xuemei LUO, Yu ZHUO, Xiancui JIA
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    Eun-Young Kim, Seung-Woo Han
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    Ogcheol Lee
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The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Cognitive Function, Emotion, and Aggressive Behavior of Elderly with Demenita
Sun Young Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(2):303-312.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.2.303
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was to develop an aromatherapy hand massage program, and to evaluate the effects of lavender aromatherapy on cognitive function, emotion, and aggressive behavior of elderly with dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

Methods

The Research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasiexperimental study. Lavender aromatherapy was administrated to experimental group I for 2 weeks, jojoba oil massage was administrated to experimental group II for 2 weeks, and no treatment was administrated to the control group for 2 weeks. Data was analyzed using the chi-square-test, ANOVA, repeated measures of ANCOVA and ANCOVA in the SPSS program package.

Result

1. Experimental group I did not show significant differences in cognitive function in relation to the experimental group II and control group. 2. Experimental group I showed significant differences in emotion and aggressive behavior in relation to the experimental group II and control group.

Conclusion

A Lavender aromatherapy hand massage program is effective on emotions and aggressive behavior of elderly with dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

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  • Nursing strategies for enhancing calm in older Arabs with dementia: integrating Snoezelen methods, aromatherapy, and personal items to reduce agitation
    Abeer Nuwayfi Alruwaili, Majed Mowanes Alruwaili, Osama Mohamed Elsayed Ramadan, Sayed Ibrahim Ali, Mostafa Shaban
    Geriatric Nursing.2024; 59: 379.     CrossRef
  • Aromatherapy in Nursing and Midwifery Practice: A Scoping Review of Published Studies Since 2005
    Wendy Maddocks
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  • Effectiveness and Safety of Aromatherapy in Managing Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
    Becky Siu Yin Li, Carmen Wing Han Chan, Minjie Li, Irene Kit Yee Wong, Yvonne Hoi Un Yu
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Association between Emotional Labor, Emotional Dissonance, Burnout and Turnover Intention in Clinical Nurses: A Multiple-Group Path Analysis across Job Satisfaction
Chi-Yun Back, Dae-Sung Hyun, Sei-Jin Chang
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(6):770-780.   Published online January 15, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.6.770
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of emotional labor, emotional dissonance, and burnout on nurse's turnover intention and examine the effect of job satisfaction on the relationships among emotional labor, emotional dissonance, burnout, and turnover intention.

Methods

The sample consisted of 350 nurses recruited from 6 general hospitals in 2 cities in Korea. A multiple-group analysis was utilized. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics 23 and AMOS 20.

Results

In the path analysis, turnover intention was directly related to burnout in clinical nurses who had a high job satisfaction (b=.24, p=.003), while it was indirectly related to emotional dissonance (b=.13, p=.002). In the multiple-group path analysis, turnover intention was directly related to emotional dissonance (b=.18, p=.033) and burnout (b=.26, p=.002) for nurses with low job satisfaction.

Conclusion

These results indicate that manuals and guidelines to alleviate the negative effects of emotional labor, emotional dissonance, and burnout, and to increase job satisfaction are strongly required to reduce turnover intention in nurses at the organizational level as well as at the individual level.

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    Eunhee Jo, Soon-Jung Hwang, Hyang-Suk Kwon
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2024; 36(3): 241.     CrossRef
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    Yi-wei Xu, Ling Fan
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    Jee-Seon Yi, Eungyung Kim, Hyeoneui Kim
    Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2021; 33(8): 880.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Hospital Characteristics on Employment Rate, Working Period and Retirement of Ward Nurses in Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on HIRAS Data
    Hee-Jung Seo, Gi Yon Kim, Sei-Jin Chang
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(6): 837.     CrossRef
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  • Emotional Labor Strategies, Stress, and Burnout Among Hospital Nurses: A Path Analysis
    Ji‐Soo Kim
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  • Nursing stress factors affecting turnover intention among hospital nurses
    Eun‐Kyoung Lee, Ji‐Soo Kim
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of the Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale
    Sook Kyoung Park, Ya Ki Yang, Eunju Song
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    Youngsoo Kim, Sun Joo Jang
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A Prediction Model of Drug Misuse Behaviors in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Se Hwa Hong, Kwang Soo Yoo
J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(5):630-641.   Published online October 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.5.630
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was designed to construct a model which explains drug misuse behaviors in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

The design of this research is a cross-sectional study using structure equation modeling. The hypothetical model consisted of two types of variables: the exogenous variables of health status, cognitive ability, and negative emotion, and the endogenous variables of number of drugs, and drug misuse behaviors. The data collection was conducted from September 2 to September 21, 2013 through self-report questionnaires. Participants were 320 community-dwelling adults over the age of 65 living in J city. Data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0 program and Amos 18.0 program.

Results

The results of the model fitness analysis were satisfied. The predictor variables for the hypothetical model explained 62.3% of variance regarding drug misuse behaviors. Drug misuse behaviors were directly affected by health status, cognitive ability, negative emotion and number of drugs and indirectly affected by health status, and negative emotion through number of drugs.

Conclusion

These findings indicate factors that should be used in developing effective nursing interventions for safe and proper drug use and the prevention of drug misuse behaviors in community-dwelling older adults.

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    Yeo Ju Lee, Jun-Ah Song
    Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2025; 27(1): 45.     CrossRef
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Influences of Hospital Nurses' perceived reciprocity and Emotional Labor on Quality of Nursing Service and Intent to Leave
Mi-Aie Lee, Eunjeong Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(3):364-374.   Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.364
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was performed to investigate the relationship among reciprocity, emotional labor, nursing service quality and intent to leave, and to identify factors influencing nursing service quality and intent to leave.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional survey. Participants were 300 nurses working at five general hospitals in two provincial cities in Gyeongsang Province, Korea. From May 1 to June 30, 2014, data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS/PC ver 20.0 programs.

Results

There were relationships between reciprocity and nursing service quality, and intent to leave, and between emotional labor and intent to leave. Participants' general characteristics, reciprocity and emotional labor explained 48.4% of variance in nursing service quality and participants' general characteristics and these two independent variables explained 31.9% of intent to leave.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that from the perception of hospital nurses, reciprocity and emotional labor are both very important factors to improve the quality of nursing service and decrease the intent to leave. So nursing managers should try to develop various personnel management programs focused on human emotions, and create a mutual respectable organizational culture and work environment.

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    Dluha Mafula, Hidayat Arifin, Ruey Chen, Chien-Mei Sung, Chiu-Kuei Lee, Kai-Jo Chiang, Kondwani Joseph Banda, Kuei-Ru Chou
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  • Does emotional labor affect nurses suffering from workplace violence? A moderated mediation model
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  • Effect of Nursing Practice Environment on Intent to Leave in Hospital Nurses: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Reciprocity
    So Young Lee, Mi-Aie Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(3): 201.     CrossRef
  • Negative emotional status and influencing factors among young employees in center of disease control and prevention
    Lu Han, Qiyu Li, Yu Zhang, Tuo Liu, Ran Niu, Qi Wang, Lina Zhao
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sustainability.2021; 13(21): 11634.     CrossRef
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    Youngsoo Kim, Sun Joo Jang
    Nursing & Health Sciences.2019; 21(2): 223.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Nurse's Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention: Mediation Effect of Burnout and Moderated Mediation Effect of Authentic Leadership
    Soo Yang Na, Hanjong Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(3): 286.     CrossRef
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    Eun-Yi Yeom, Kawoun Seo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(5): 445.     CrossRef
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Development and Effects of Emotional Intelligence Program for Undergraduate Nursing Students: Mixed Methods Research
Oi Sun Lee, Mee Ock Gu
J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(6):682-696.   Published online December 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.6.682
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to develop and test the effects of an emotional intelligence program for undergraduate nursing students.

Methods

The study design was a mixed method research. Participants were 36 nursing students (intervention group: 17, control group: 19). The emotional intelligence program was provided for 4 weeks (8 sessions, 20 hours). Data were collected between August 6 and October 4, 2013. Quantitative data were analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and paired t-test with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results

Quantitative results showed that emotional intelligence, communication skills, resilience, stress coping strategy, and clinical competence were significantly better in the experimental group compared to the control group. According to the qualitative results, the nursing students experienced improvement in emotional intelligence, interpersonal relationships, and empowerment, as well as a reduction in clinical practice stress after participation in the emotional intelligence program.

Conclusion

Study findings indicate that the emotional intelligence program for undergraduate nursing students is effective and can be recommended as an intervention for improving the clinical competence of undergraduate students in a nursing curriculum.

Citations

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Development and Effectiveness of Expressive Writing Program for Women with Breast Cancer in Korea
Eun Young Park, Mungsun Yi
J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(2):269-279.   Published online April 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.2.269
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

To develop a expressive writing program for women with breast cancer and to identify its effects on stress physical symptom, cancer symptom, anxiety, depression, and QOL.

Methods

A non-equivalent control pre-post design was used. Participants were recruited from self-help groups in six hospitals and were assigned to the experimental group (29) or control group (29). Data were collected before, after, and at four weeks after the intervention program. Changes in the variables were evaluated to test effects of the developed program, using χ2-test, Fisher's exact test, repeated measures ANOVA, and paired t-test.

Results

The expressive writing program was developed for women with breast cancer based on Pennebaker's expressive writing. Significant differences were found between the two groups for stress related to physical symptoms (p<.00) and quality of life (p=.024). No significant differences were found in cancer symptoms, anxiety, or depression between the two groups.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the expressive writing program designed to express cancer-related deep thoughts and emotions helps in decreasing physical symptoms and improving QOL. Further studies are needed to identify the effect on emotions such as anxiety and depression for women with breast cancer with above average levels of anxiety and depression.

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Gender Difference in Risk Factors for Depression in Community-dwelling Elders
Chul-Gyu Kim, Seungmi Park
J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(1):136-147.   Published online February 29, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.1.136
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to compare the degree of depression between men and women and to identify factors influencing their depression.

Methods

Participants in this cross-sectional descriptive study were 263 persons over 65 years old (men: 103, women: 160). Data were collected through face to face interviews using questionnaires and were done in two urban areas in 2010. Research instruments utilized in this study were SGDS, MMSE-K, SRH, FILE, sleep pattern scale, family and friend support scale, and social support scale. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing depression in elders.

Results

The proportions of participants with depression were significantly different between men and women (52.4% vs. 67.5%). Regression model for depression in elderly men significantly accounted for 54%; disease stress (32%), economic stress (10%), perceived health status (4%), and family support, educational level, age, and hypertension. Regression model for depression in elderly women significantly accounted for 47%; disease stress (25%), perceived social loneliness (8%), friend support (5%), family stress (4%), and sleep satisfaction, and family support.

Conclusion

Results demonstrate that depression is an important health problem for elders, and show gender differences for factors influencing depression. These results could be used in the developing depression prevention programs.

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Development and Testing of an Instrument to Measure Family’s Emotional Response toward Physically Restrained Patients
Eun-Nam Lee, Su-Jin Ha, Ji-Yeon Kang
J Korean Acad Nurs 2008;38(4):629-638.   Published online August 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.4.629
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This was a methodological research to develop an instrument to assess the emotional response of family members of physically restrained patients.

Methods

A primary instrument with 68 questions was developed based on literature review and semi-structured interviews with family members. A group of experts revised individual questions and removed 4 irrelevant questions. This secondary instrument, then, was tested with 199 family members of physically restrained patients in intensive care units of a university hospital. The validity and reliability of the instrument were tested by factor analysis.

Results

After item analysis, 3 questions with a correlation coefficient under .30 were discarded and the questions with a factor loading under .45 on Varimax Rotation were also removed. After factor analysis on the final 37 questions, 7 factors were identified; avoidance, shock, helplessness, grudge, depression, anxiousness, and acceptance. The total variance explained was 55.63%. The reliability of this instrument was 0.93 of Cronbach's alpha.

Conclusion

This instrument was statistically reliable and valid to measure family’s emotional response to physical restraints of the patients. This instrument can be useful in assessing the effects of nursing interventions for family members of restrained patients.

Citations

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  • Families' Perception and Attitude toward Applied Physical Restraints in General Neurological Wards
    So-Yeon Ha, Yi-Kyung Ha, Myung-Hee Kim
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Factors Influencing the Emotional State of Patients with Lymphedema
Hyang Mi Jung, Myung Ok Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(5):845-852.   Published online August 31, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.5.845
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the emotional state and related factors in patients with lymphedema.

Methods

The subjects of this study consisted of 95 patients with lymphedema at 8 hospitals in Busan and Seoul. Data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire between March 2001 to December 2001. Data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS Win 12.0.

Results

The mean score of the emotional state of the subjects was 3.06; of their physical symptoms, 1.84; of their Activities of Daily Living(ADLs), 2.30; and of their social activities, 3.67. The emotional states of lymphedema patients correlated with their physical symptoms, their ADLs, and their social activities. The Factor influencing the emotional state of the subjects was social activities.

Conclusion

These results suggest that a negative emotional state is very common in patients with lymphedema, to which appropriate attention should be given. Rehabilitation programs must be implemented to improve lymphedema patients' emotional state, physical symptoms, ADLs, and social activities.

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