PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to analyze the functional status of low income elderly living at home according to their socio-economic factors, sensory function, health status, medical service utilization, commodity and types of chronic disease.
METHOD
Functional status was defined by the level of mobility, ADL and IADL categorized as independently functional, mildly impaired, moderately disabled, and severely disabled. The data was collected by home-visit interviews with 567 community dwelling adults who were 65 years of age or more with low a income status subsidized by government in ChonAn.
RESULTS
9.9% of community dwelling older adults were severely disabled, and 44.4% were moderately disabled in their functional status. There were significant differences in the functional status by age, education, religion, and types of family structure. The older adults with hearing impairment or dental problems had a significantly higher rate of severe disability. Self-rated health status and medical service utilization were also significant factors to the differences in functional status. The functional status of older adults was also significantly related to the presence of chronic health problems such as chronic back pain, stroke, and Alzheimer-dementia.
CONCLUSION
The results confirmed that community dwelling older adults with low income status were more functionally disabled in comparison to general older adults at national level, while the relating factors to their functional status seemed similar to other studies on older adults. Further studies were suggested to look into functional status longitudinally and focus on the changes of functional status by managing modifiable influencing factors.

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• Effects of Case Management using Resident Assessment Instrument-Home Care (RAI-HC) in Home Health Services for Older People
  Kyung Ja June, Ji Yun Lee, Jong Lull Yoon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 366.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: To find the experience about clients with hypertension and to help them to care for themselves in the community.
METHOD
All data was collected from August 1999 to October 1999, through in-depth interviews, observation, and telephone interview with 7 participants who have been diagnosed with hypertension for 1 to 10 years. According to Strauss and Corbin's Methodology, the data was continuously coded into concepts and categories, and then new data was analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method.
RESULTS
There are 171 concepts, and then they were grouped into 34 the lower categories and 15 to the upper categories. The course of the coping of fear in hypertensive client consisted of 6 processes. The awareness of seriousness was context, and the fear was core phenomenon about the coping experience. We also found that hypertensive clients have 3 patterns, depending on the awareness degree of seriousness and the fear about hypertension.
CONCLUSION
Our nurses should recognize the importance of effective management and seriousness about hypertension, offer clients the importance of family support and the information of etiology, symptoms and signs of hypertension, and provide the correct information on hypertensive medication. We should be able to guide their fear about hypertension to positive self-management, so that they may manage their disease thoroughly and effectively.

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• The Development of a Specific Quality of Life Scale for Hypertensive Patients: Methodological Study
  Ho Jin Kim, Gab Sun Song
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(6): 523.     CrossRef
• Health-Related Quality of Life Based on Comorbidities Among Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
  Jieun Cha, Dallong Han
  Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2020; 11(4): 194.     CrossRef
• Effects of Community-based Case Management Program for Clients with Hypertension
  Ae-Young So, Yun-Mi Kim, Eun-Young Kim, Chang-Yup Kim, Cheol-Hwan Kim, Hee-Gerl Kim, Eun-Young Shin, Weon-Seob Yoo, Ggod-Me Yi, Kyung-Ja June
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(6): 822.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: This quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of back massage with Lavender essence oil on the stress response of the ICU nurses.
METHOD
Twenty nurses were selected as an experimental group and twenty nurses were in the control group. Lavender essence oil mixed with Jojova carrier oil was used to massage the neck, shoulder, back, and low back. Massage was done three times a week for 20 minutes for 2 weeks by the massage therapist. The stress response was measured with a subjective stress score, Cortisol and IgA level in saliva. The cortisol level in saliva was analyzed by an radioimmunoassay before and after back massage. The level of IgA in saliva was analyzed by an immunoturbidimeter assay and subjective stress scores was measured by Visual Analogue Scale. The data was analyzed using SPSS 8.0 and the hypotheses were tested by ANCOVA and the Pearson coefficient correlation.
RESULT
1) Score of subjective stress decreased significantly after the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil. 2) Level of Cortisol in saliva did not change significantly after the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil. 3) Level of IgA in saliva increased significantly after the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil. 4) After the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil, there was significant negative correlation between subjective stress and level of IgA in saliva.
CONCLUSION
Back massage with Lavender essence oil is an effective intervention to reduce the stress response in the ICU nurses.

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• Effects of Emotional Development Therapy (EDT) on Stress, Fatigue, Sleep, and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in Nurses
  Mi-Young Jeong, Nam-Sook Seo
  Korean Journal of Stress Research.2018; 26(1): 60.     CrossRef
• Exploring Subjective Stress, Sleep and Diurnal Variation of Salivary Cortisol in Korean Female Adults
  Sunock Lee, Minhee Suh
  Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2016; 18(1): 9.     CrossRef
• Analysis of Stress Relief Effect by Use of Aroma-Therapeutic Textiles
  Sunidhi Mehta, Maureen S. MacGillivray
  AATCC Journal of Research.2016; 3(5): 38.     CrossRef
• Effects of Lavandula angustifolia Aroma on Electroencephalograms in Female Adults with Sleep Disorders
  Han-Na Jung, Hyun-Ju Choi
  Journal of Life Science.2012; 22(2): 192.     CrossRef
• Effect of Environmental Intervention on Sleep, Emotions and Job Satisfaction of Rotating Shift Nurses in Intensive Care Unit
  Hee-Ja Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2012; 24(1): 11.     CrossRef
• Effects of Self-Foot Reflexology on Stress, Fatigue, Skin Temperature and Immune Response in Female Undergraduate Students
  Young-Mee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2011; 41(1): 110.     CrossRef
• A Comparison between Effects of Aroma Massage and Meridian Massage on Constipation and Stress in Women College Students
  Miyoung Chung, Euysoon Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2011; 41(1): 26.     CrossRef

Professional nurse Autonomy is an essential attribute of a discipline striving for full professional status. PURPOSE: This study was to clarify the concept of professional nurse autonomy to provide basic data needed for development of professional autonomy enhancing strategies. METHOD: This study use the process of Walker & Avante's concept analysis based on Wade's research (1999), and field data of 21 nurses. RESULTS: Professional nurse autonomy is defined as competency and creative performance of the professional nurse in practice, to decide independently or interdependently nursing activities and to be had accountable for results of decisions, that reflect advocacy and caring. It was identified that critical attributes include responsible discretionary decision making, collegial interdependence, initiative, creativity, and caring, advocacy, cooperative relationship with clients, receptive capacity to others, activeness, self confidence, and devotion and responsibility to their profession. Antecedents include personal characteristics, educational background, experience and structural characteristics that enhance professional nurse autonomy. Consequences of professional nurse autonomy are feelings of self-efficacy, empowerment, job satisfaction, reduction of intention to leave their job. CONCLUSION: According to these results, it is recommended that the curriculum provides an environment for learning professional nurse autonomy, and that is used as basic data to develope strategies to enhance professional autonomy of nurse in practice and it's effects.

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• The Effects of Professional Autonomy, Job Satisfaction, and Perceived Patient-Safety Culture on Nurses' Patient-Safety Management Activities: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Bokja Koak, Junglim Seo, Eunji Song, Haneul Shin, Jaehee Jeon
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(2): 117.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Role Conflict and Professional Autonomy on the Role Performance of Patient Safety Coordinators in Small and Medium-Sized Hospitals in Korea
  Kyo-Yeon Park, Kyoungrim Kang
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(15): 9392.     CrossRef
• Nurses’ Experiences of the COVID-19 Crisis
  Jung-Hoon Lee, Yeoungsuk Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(6): 689.     CrossRef
• Effects of Professional Autonomy and Teamwork on Clinical Performance of Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals
  Sooin Hyun, Taewha Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(5): 301.     CrossRef
• Effects of Relational Bonds and Professional Authority in the Organizational Commitment of Intensive Care Unit Nurses
  Naeyoung Lee, Young Soon Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(2): 151.     CrossRef
• Effects of Head Nurses' Managerial Competencies and Professional Nurse Autonomy in Nursing Performance
  Young Soon Kim, Yong Sook Eo, Nae Young Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2014; 20(4): 437.     CrossRef
• Impact of Professional Autonomy and Nursing Work Environment on Clinical Decision Making of Clinical Nurses
  Yongsoon Lee, Moonhee Gang, Mi Sook Jung
  Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(4): 285.     CrossRef
• Contingent Nurses' Burnout and Influencing Factors
  Won Ock Kim, Sook Ja Moon, Sang Sook Han
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2010; 40(6): 882.     CrossRef
• A Study on Participation in Clinical Decision Making by Home Healthcare Nurses
  Se Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2010; 40(6): 892.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: To identify nursing interventions performed by Chosunjok nurses in Yanbian using NIC.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 36 nurses working in 2 hospitals. The Nursing Interventions Use Questionnaire developed by the Iowa Intervention Project team was used for data collection. The instrument was translated to Korean using the method of back-translation.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight interventions were performed at least daily. Interventions in the Physiological: Basic domain were most frequently used at least daily. The most frequently used interventions was Positioning, followed by the interventions Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Intravenous (IV) Therapy, Hypothermia Treatment and Intravenous (IV) Insertion. The least frequently used interventions was Electronic Fetal Monitoring: Antepartum. Nurses working in special medical care units performed interventions most often, while nurses working in general surgical units performed them least. Nurses working in general medical, special medical and other care units performed interventions in the Physiological domain more often than the nurses working in general surgical units.
CONCLUSION
Chosunjok nurses in Yanbian performed physiological interventions frequently. Further studies will be needed to compare interventions performed by nurses in two countries.

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• Analysis on Military Hospital Nursing Records by NANDA, NIC, NOC System
  Myung Ja Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2010; 16(1): 73.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: To survey the present status of the gerontological nursing course at three year diploma programs, baccalaureate degree programs (BSN), and graduate programs in Korea, and to analyze the contents of the syllabus and gerontological nursing textbooks to provide the basic data in developing a standard model for gerontological nursing curriculum. METHOD: Data was collected from all the nursing programs in Korea from Nov. 2000 to Feb. 2001 by mail and fax. RESULT: The gerontological nursing courses has been offered 36 diploma program, 40 BSN, and 17 graduate programs. And the credits of the gerontological nursing course offered by the program were as follows : one credit (10 diploma and 8 BSN), two credits (22 diploma and 29 BSN), and three credits (1 BSN). The contents of curriculum were analyzed by comparing the core curriculum of NGNA. The majority of the schools included Gerontological Nursing in General, Theory of Aging, Aging Processes, Care Plan Options, and Common Health Problems. The subjects which very few school cover are Legal/ Ethical Issues, Evaluation, Regulatory & Reimbursement Issues, Education Issues, Nursing Research in Gerontology, and Environmental Issues of Older Adults. There were some differences in these results among diploma courses, BSNs, and graduate schools. The gerontological nursing textbooks contained similar contents to those of the diploma and the baccalaureate programs.

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• Baccalaureate Competencies and Curriculum in Gerontological Nursing
  Sung-Hee Baik, Dong-Soo Shin, Sung Ok Chang, Gwi-Ryung Hong, Suhye Kwon, Mi So Kim, Su-Jin Kim, Hye-Ryoung Kim, Chun-Gill Kim, Kyongok Park, Myonghwa Park, Eun Kyoung Suh, Mi-Ra Sung, Min-Sun Song, Jun-Ah Song, Yong-Soon Shin, Hye-Ah Yeom, Eunmi Oh, Kyung
  Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2018; 20(2): 76.     CrossRef
• Review of educational strategies to facilitate desirable attitudes toward gerontological nursing
  Hyun-E Yeom
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(1): 561.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: This study aims at confirming exercise effects on obesity, mobility, self-efficacy, process of change, and decisional component by stage based exercise motivational intervention program for the elderly. The stage based exercise intervention program was constructed based on Transtheoretical Model.
METHODS
The design of this study is nonequivalent control group with repeated measuring by quasi-experimental study. The subjects of this study, composing of experimental group of 32 and control group of 28 were selected at one institution for the aged in Seoul.
RESULTS
1) The body fat (weight, BMI and circumference of waist), of the intervention group was significantly decreased than the control group. 2) The mobility of the intervention group was not significantly increased than control group. 3) The self-efficacy, Pros, Process of Change for exercise of the intervention group was not significantly increased than the control group. 4) The Cons for exercise of intervention group was not significantly decreased than the control group.
CONCLUSION
The above result have informed us that a stage-based exercise motivational intervention program for the elderly has the effect of decreasing old persons' body fat and has value as an effective means of nursing for the elderly.

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  Frontiers in Digital Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  Felicia Clara Jun Hui Tan, Prawira Oka, Hajira Dambha-Miller, Ngiap Chuan Tan
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• Effect of Exercise Stage-Matched Intervention for Elderly Women with Chronic Back Pain in the Contemplation and Preparation Stage
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• Effects of Obesity Management Program Provided by Occupational Health Nurse in Worksite
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• Development and Effects of Combined Exercise Program for Older Adults with Sarcopenia Based on Transtheoretical Model
  Seoyoun Park, Mee Ock Gu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(6): 656.     CrossRef
• Affecting Factors of Physical Activity among Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
  Eun-Ju LEE
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2017; 29(5): 1331.     CrossRef
• Factors Associated With Medication Adherence Among Medical-Aid Beneficiaries With Hypertension
  Yang Heui Ahn, Ok Kyung Ham
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2016; 38(10): 1298.     CrossRef
• Sports injuries and the changes in physical activity, perceived health state and exercise self-efficacy according to the sports injuries of the elderly who participate in physical activities
  Kyung Hee Seo, Young Eun, Mi Yang Jeon
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• Converged Influencing Factors on the Stages of Change of Exercise in Middle Aged Women
  Hyea-Kyung Lee, Eun-Hee Shin, Yeon-Kyung Kim
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  Public Health Nursing.2015; 32(5): 430.     CrossRef
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  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(1): 138.     CrossRef
• Factors Related to Stages of Exercise Behavior Change among University Students Based on the Transtheoretical Model
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PURPOSE: This study was to identify the relationship between personality type, college admission SAT scores and GPA scores of student nurses.
METHOD
The data was collected from 270 student nurses enrolled in a baccaleaureate program in Seoul. MBTI was used to identify students' personality and SAT score and GPA score were collected over 4 years. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS Win. package.
RESULT
1. There were slightly more extrovert (E) type (54.4%) students than the introvert (I) type; more sensing (S) type (71.1%) than the intuitive (N) type. 2. The introvert type students had significantly higher SAT scores than those of the extrovert type (p=.002). 3. The judging type students had significantly higher GPA scores throughout their college years than the perceiving type. 4. There was no statistically significant relationship between SAT and GPA scores. SAT scores did not accurately predict students' academic achievement in college in this sample.
CONCLUSION
The distribution of the personality types in the sample was different from the general population which may suggest that college admission criteria is biased toward certain personality type. Since different personality types process information and cope with the outside world differently, effective teaching strategies need to be considered for each class.

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• Experience of Turnover in New Nurses
  Sun Ae Kim, Hye Won Jeon
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(3): 644.     CrossRef
• Nursing Student Academic Achievement depending on College Entrance System-related Factors
  Mi Won Kim, Han Ju Lee, Yoon Ju Lee
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2014; 20(4): 596.     CrossRef
• Difference Analysis of Study Achievement in Course Related to Anatomy by Personality Type
  Hyo Hyun Yoo
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• Differences in Non‐Cognitive Factors Influencing the Academic Achievement of Medical and Nursing Students: Focusing on Achievement Goal Orientation and Self‐Regulated Learning
  Eun A Park, Kyung Hee Chun
  Korean Medical Education Review.2014; 16(1): 32.     CrossRef
• The Influential Factors for the Attitude of Health-Care University Students on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
  Geum-Sook Jung, Hyun-Mi Oh, Seon-Young Jeong
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PURPOSE: This study was conducted to study on 1) What is nursing students' experience of ethical problems involving nursing practice? 2) What is nursing students' experience of using ethical decision-making models?
METHOD
In order to answer these two questions, we selected 97 senior baccalaureate nursing students from two Korean universities using a conceptual framework and method of content analysis.
RESULT
From 97 ethical problems emerged five content categories, the largest being ethical problems involving health professionals (69%); the basic nature of the nursing students' experience of ethical problems consisted of conflict, resolution, and rationale; 94% of the students stated that using an ethical decision-making model was helpful.
CONCLUSION
Although additional research is needed, these findings have important implications for nursing ethics education and practice.

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• Experiences of Ethical Issues and Needs for Ethics Education in Clinical Nurses
  Ja Hyun Shin, Seok Hee Jeong, Myung Ha Lee, Youngran Yang
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• The Effects of Debate Classes based on an Ethical Decision-Making Model on Ethical Knowledge, Class Satisfaction, and Ethical Values
  Chang-Hee Kim, Sun-Young Jeong
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• A Study of Moral Judgment and Ethical Decision Making and Ethical Dilemmas Experienced in Practice by Nursing Students
  Yoon Goo Noh, Myun Sook Jung
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• Hospital Nurses' Experience of Do-Not-Resuscitate in Korea
  Myungsun Yi, Sang Eun Oh, Eun Ok Choi, In Gak Kwon, Sungbok Kwon, Kyung-mi Cho, Youngah Kang, Jeonghui Ok
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(2): 298.     CrossRef
• Korean Nursing Students’ Ethical Problems and Ethical Decision Making
  Hyeoun-Ae Park, Miriam E Cameron, Sung-Suk Han, Sung-Hee Ahn, Hyo-Sook Oh, Kyeong-Uoon Kim
  Nursing Ethics.2003; 10(6): 638.     CrossRef
• Legal and ethical issues: our best ethical and spiritual values
  Miriam E Cameron
  Journal of Professional Nursing.2003; 19(3): 117.     CrossRef

This study was to compare changes in health behaviors, motivational factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and functional status (SIP) after implementing the 6-month motivation-enhancing program to institutionalized elderly women.
METHODS
Sixty-four elderly women participated. Face to face interviews with blood sampling and anthropometric assessment were conducted at the pretest, 10 weeks and 6 months during the program.
RESULTS
1. The program participants showed significantly better health behaviors over 6 months. The mean motivational level was also significantly improved, especially for perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and emotional salience. 2. The mean of cardiovascular risk factors for the participants was 21.8 at the level of low to moderate risk. After completing the program, total risk score was significantly decreased to 18.7 at 10 weeks, and further to 17.7 at 6 months. A significant reduction was also found in HDL and LDL-cholesterol levels, blood pressure, obesity, inactivity, and stress. 3. The functional status (SIP) was 11% at the baseline and significantly changed in positive direction at 10 weeks (M=9.3) and at 6 month (M=6.3). The significant improvement was also found in physical and psychosocial dimensions and sleep/rest dimension.
CONCLUSION
The motivation enhancing program was effective to reduce cardiovascular risks and to improve the functional status of institutionalized elderly women by motivating them to perform better health behaviors.

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  Yoongi Chung, Hyerine Shin, Hyejin Kim, Ji-Su Kim
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• Validation of the cardiac health behavior scale for Korean adults with cardiovascular risks or diseases
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• A structural model of health behavior modification among patients with cardiovascular disease
  Hwasoo Goong, Seungmi Ryu, Lijuan Xu
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• The Relationship between Health Belief and Exercise Compliance among Elderly Adults at Senior Centers
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  Min-Jae Kang, Jung-Sook Seo, Eun-Mi Kim, Mi-Sun Park, Mi-Hye Woo, Dal-Lae Ju, Gyung-Ah Wie, Song-Mi Lee, Jin-A Cha, Cheong-Min Sohn
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  Haejung LEE, Myoung‐Soo KIM, Kyung‐Yeon PARK, Hyoung‐Sook PARK, In‐Joo KIM
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• Health Literacy and Health Status of Korean-Chinese Elderly People Living in Yanbian, China
  Chun Yu Li, Ogcheol Lee, Gi Soo Shin, Xian Wen Li
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• Effects of Nutrition Education and Exercise Programs on Perceived Dietary Behaviors, Food Intake and Serum Lipid Profiles in Elderly Korean Women Living in Residential Homes
  Hee-Seon Kim, Kyung-Ja June, Rhayun Song
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• Effects of a health-promotion program on cardiovascular risk factors, health behaviors, and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly women
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PURPOSE: this study was to investigate the perception gap on nursing service between consumers and providers.
METHOD
the questionnaire founded on the SERVQUAL was developed and distributed to 300 patients and 210 nurses at the three subjected general hospitals in three provincial city, Korea during February to March, 2001. For data analysis, Cronbachs' Alpha, frequency, t-test, and paired t-test were used.
RESULT
1. In the gap analysis on the 20 properties constituting nursing service, providers almost all perceived higher than consumer in quality. Among them, the number of properties being statistically significant was 7 in the expectation, 18 in the important and 7 in the performance. 2. In the comparison analysis of the perception gap on the expectation-performance and the important-performance, it turned out that the subjected hospitals had to improve their equipment and facilities immediately. It was suggested a good strategy to strengthen the responsiveness factor and the assurance factor of nursing service.
CONCLUSION
it could be concluded that nurses have to recognize the blind spot of their perception and endeavor to take away the perception gap between consumers and providers.

Citations

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• Nursing Intensive‐Care Satisfaction Scale [NICSS]: Development and validation of a patient‐centred instrument
  Marta Romero‐García, Laura de la Cueva‐Ariza, Llucia Benito‐Aracil, Teresa Lluch‐Canut, Joan Trujols‐Albet, Maria Antonia Martínez‐Momblan, Maria‐Eulàlia Juvé‐Udina, Pilar Delgado‐Hito
  Journal of Advanced Nursing.2018; 74(6): 1423.     CrossRef
• Person-centered Care and Nursing Service Quality of Nurses in Long-term Care Hospitals
  Hae Sagong, Ga Eon Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(4): 309.     CrossRef
• A comparative study of patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of the quality of nursing services, satisfaction and intent to revisit the hospital: A questionnaire survey
  Mi Aie Lee, Young-Hee Yom
  International Journal of Nursing Studies.2007; 44(4): 545.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the rate of recovery from the consciousness impairment from two sessions of comprehensive consciousness stimulation program. Which was developed for this study, was higher than the one which was obtained naturally with only conventional care.
METHOD
The subjects were selected among the patients who were admitted in the Intensive Care Unit or in the Sub-Intensive Care Unit in one of the university hospital, located in Inchon. For the treatment of the deterioration of his/her consciousness level resulting from neurological causes.
RESULTS
The effect of the first intervention on consciousness state began to appear two weeks the intervention initiation and to disappear two weeks after the end of the intervention. The significant effect of the second session of the consciousness stimulation program also began to appear two weeks the second intervention initiation and persisted until 4 months after intervention was terminated.
CONCLUSION
It appeared that the first intervention effect had gradual onset and gradual decay, while the second intervention effect had gradual onset and permanent duration.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to compare home care nursing intervention activities analyzed by the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) system for hospice and general patients.
METHOD
For the descriptive survey study, data was collected by reviewing charts of 151 hospice patients and 421 general patients who registered in the department of home health care nursing at K Hospital.
RESULTS
According to the NIC system application, there were 2380 total nursing interventions used for the hospice patients and 8725 for the general home care patients. For both sets of patients (hospice vs. general), the most frequently used nursing intervention in level 1 was the Physiological: Complex domain (40.13 vs. 31.06 percent), followed by the Safety domain; in level 2, the Risk Management class (28.4 vs. 27.70 percent), followed by Tissue Perfusion Management; and in level 3, Vital Sign Monitoring (6.18 vs. 4.84 percent), followed by Health Screening.
CONCLUSION
The study showed that there was a lack of specialized hospice nursing interventions such as emotional, family and spiritual support, and care for dying hospice patients.

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• Nurses’ perceptions of spiritual care and attitudes toward the principles of dying with dignity: A sample from Turkey
  Eylem Pasli Gurdogan, Duygu Kurt, Berna Aksoy, Ezgi Kınıcı, Ayla Şen
  Death Studies.2017; 41(3): 180.     CrossRef
• Home-Based Hospice Care Provided by a Free-Standing Hospice Center: Patients’ Characteristics and Service Conditions
  Hyoung Suk Kim, Kyung Ja June, Young Sun Son
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2016; 19(2): 145.     CrossRef
• Korean hospice nursing interventions using the Nursing Interventions Classification system: A comparison with the USA
  Sung‐Jung Hong, Eunjoo Lee
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2014; 16(4): 434.     CrossRef
• Current and Future of Hospice and Palliative Care in South Korea
  Boon Han Kim
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2011; 14(4): 191.     CrossRef
• Nursing interventions to promote dignified dying in South Korea
  Kae-Hwa Jo, Ki-Wol Sung, Ardith Z Doorenbos, Elizabeth Hong, Tessa Rue, Amy Coenen
  International Journal of Palliative Nursing.2011; 17(8): 392.     CrossRef
• Cognition and Needs for Hospice Care among Parents of Children with Cancer
  Hyun Young Koo, Sun Hee Choi, Ho Ran Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2009; 15(3): 325.     CrossRef
• Hospice and Hospice Care in Korea: Evolution, Current Status, and Challenges
  Bok Yae Chung, Yu Xu, Chanyeong Kwak
  Home Health Care Management & Practice.2005; 18(1): 73.     CrossRef
• Development of a Clinical Protocol for Home Hospice Care for Koreans
  Won-Hee Lee, Chang-geol Lee
  Yonsei Medical Journal.2005; 46(1): 8.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation that exists between quality of life and self-efficacy of schizophrenic patients, focusing on the influence of related factors on these varables. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 151 schizophrenic patients. The data were collected using questionnaires. The instruments used for this study were the general self-efficacy scale developed by Sherer & Maddex (1982), the specific self-efficacy scale modified and complemented by these co-researchers on the basis of the past studies and modified SIP by Voruganti (1996). The period of data collection was from July. 2000 to Jan. 2001. Data analysis was done by SPSS, t-test, ANOVA and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. RESULT: 1. The level of self-efficacy showed a mean score of 60.0 and the level of quality of life, a mean score of 47.0. 2. The general characteristics affecting the self-efficacy of schizophrenic patients were staying with family (p=0.05) and employment (p=0.00). 3. The general characteristics affecting the quality of life of schizophrenic patients were staying with family (p=0.04), employment (p=0.05) and duration of illness (0.03). 4. A positive correlation was identified between self-efficacy and quality of life (r=-0.469, p=0.000). CONCLUSION: The study suggests that nursing intervention strategy should be worked out to develop a psychiatric rehabilitation program that can promote self-efficacy and thus enhance the quality of life of schizophrenic patients.

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• Development and Evaluation of an Integrated Health Management Program for Psychiatric Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
  Yun Bock Kwak, Ji Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(3): 261.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Quality of Life in People with Mental Disabilities using Mental Health Centers
  Eun Kyung Byun, Seong-Sook Jun
  Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2011; 20(2): 157.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Psychosocial Rehabilitation Programs on the Levels of Self-Efficacy for Mentally Disabled Persons
  Hyun Sook Park, Sung-Woo Bae, Yi Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 704.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of pregnancy, abortion, delivery and contraceptive use and the relationship between the related factors and the early coitus among Korean teenagers.
METHOD
The subjects of this study were 12,733 teenagers age 13-19 years in 7 major cities and 9 provinces in Korea. Data was collected from 2 Oct., to 28 Oct., 2000 and analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 Program.
RESULTS
The results showed pregnancy rate 4.5%, delivery rate 0.5%, abortion rate 0.4%. Adolescent girls who experienced coitus relatively went to vocational school, coeduaction school, night school in the general characteristics (p=0.000). Adolescent girls who experienced coitus tend to go to video room (18.5%), go the singing room (60.7%), the bar (54.8%), petting with the partner during the dates. There were overlapping juvenile delinquencies such as drinking (89.2%), pornography (65.3%), bond inhalation (2.7%), leaving homes (43.7%), smoking (14.5%), cyber sex (70.8%), phone sex (12.9%). Adolescent girls who experienced coitus were more suffering from Wangtta (26.1%) than who had not. They showed significant positive attitudes toward coitus; such as feeling of excitement (6.6%), nature (37.9%), beauty (8.7%). On the other hand, they had more guilty (2.8%) than the inexperienced (p=0.000). The main factors relating to early coitus were 'to confirm love' (46.9%), 'afraid of rejection' (32.2%). They think the benefits of coitus were 'more intimacy with boyfriends' (20.6%), 'satisfaction of curiosity' (16.8%). The losses on coitus were 'worry about pregnancy' (73.7%) and 'unability to refuse sexual contacts' (28.7%)
CONCLUSION
It could be concluded that it is necessary to plan different sex education programs according to general characteristics and delinquency behaviors of teenage girls in Korea.

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• Predictors of the Timing of Sexual Intercourse Initiation among Adolescents in South Korea
  Jung Hee Yeo, Hyunjeong Park, Eun-Young Kim
  Journal of Community Health.2019; 44(3): 580.     CrossRef
• Effects of Drinking, Smoking and Drug Use Experience on Adolescents’ Sexual Intercourse: Using the Data of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey from 2010 to 2014
  Eunyoung Pyo, Jiyeon An, Jinok Jeong, Yunjeong Yi
  Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2016; 29(3): 299.     CrossRef
• Correlation between History of Exposure to Obscene Material, Sexual Attitudes and Intercourse Experience among University Students
  Eun Man Kim, Su Jeong Yu, Mi Ryeong Song
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2013; 20(1): 18.     CrossRef
• Differences in Sexual Knowledge, Attitudes and Perspectives of Sexual Value of Female Students as Related to Sexual Characteristics
  Myung-Suk Koh, Jung-Won Suk
  Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2011; 17(3): 153.     CrossRef
• SEM Analysis of Sexual Development and Potential Delinquency in Youth
  Mi Sihn, Mee-Sook Yoo
  Korean Journal of Child Studies.2011; 32(3): 91.     CrossRef
• Relationship between Sex Role Identity Type, Sexual Consciousness, Sexual Behaviors and Sexual Impulse of University Students
  Mi-Hae Sung
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2009; 15(1): 73.     CrossRef
• Predictors of Sexual Intercourse Among Korean Adolescents
  Eunjung Ryu, Kyunghee Kim, Hyejin Kwon
  Journal of School Health.2007; 77(9): 615.     CrossRef
• Postnatal Depression: A Korean Perspective
  Jihyeon Kim, Anne Buist
  Australasian Psychiatry.2005; 13(1): 68.     CrossRef

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was 1) analyze the current state of Sanhojoriwon; and 2) to suggest the new model for the community based mother infants health care delivery system: strategies of TMIC are related to Public Health policy, cost-effectiveness, mother infant care provision of medical professionalism, and so on.
METHOD
Forty-seven workers from seventeen Sanhojoriwon participated to analyze several aspects of Sanhojoriwon. Using a questionnaire developed at Korean Sanhojori Research Forum (KSARF), such as the traditional and medical concept of the Sanhojori, postpartum care, Korean traditional postpartum care, job description on women and infant care at Sanhojoriwon, professional management, health care policy and the educational need.
RESULTS
Based on the descriptive study results, the TMIC, the community based transitional mother infants care center was suggested as a new model for the cyclic public health care system related on the reproductive health, using an already existing related center, Sanhojoriwon. Also, several strategies were presented on the TMIC.

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  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5332.     CrossRef
• The Review and Future Perspectives of the Postpartum Care Service System for the Improvement of the Private-Postpartum Care Center’s Publicity
  Hee-Sun Kim, Jae Hee Lee, Jeong Rim Lee, Ji-Won Eom, Ja Yeun Koo, Byoung Lok Park, Hyun Soo Park, In Sook Sohn
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• Efficacy of a footbath for post‐partum fatigue in South Korea: A quasi‐experimental study
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• Effects of Laughter Therapy on Immune Responses in Postpartum Women
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  The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.2015; 21(12): 781.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Newborn Care Education Program using infant model
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• Effect of Intervention Programs for Improving Maternal Adaptation in Korea: Systematic Review
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  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2013; 19(3): 129.     CrossRef
• A Comparative Study of Postpartum Stress, Postpartum Depression, Postpartum Discomfort and Postpartum Activity, Between Women who Used and those Women did not Used Sanhujori Facilities
  김민아, Choi so young
  JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH.2013; 17(2): 184.     CrossRef
• The Changing Pattern of Physical and Psychological Health, and Maternal Adjustment Between Primiparas Who Used and Those Who did Not Use Sanhujori Facilities
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  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2010; 40(4): 503.     CrossRef
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  Yonsei Medical Journal.2008; 49(4): 530.     CrossRef