1부산가톨릭대학교 간호대학
2이화여자대학교 간호대학
1College of Nursing, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Korea
2College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
© 2025 Korean Society of Nursing Science
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.
Conflicts of Interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Acknowledgements
None.
Funding
This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (No. 2023R1A2C2006838).
Data Sharing Statement
Please contact the corresponding author for data availability.
Supplementary Data
Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.25049.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization or/and Methodology: JK, MKH, ML, SS. Data curation or/and Analysis: JK. Funding acquisition: SS. Investigation: JK, MKH, ML. Project administration or/and Supervision: SS. Visualization: JK. Writing–original draft: JK, MKH. Writing–Review & Editing: JK, MKH, ML, SS. Final approval of the manuscript: all authors.
Characteristic | Value |
---|---|
Gender | |
Women | 260 (94.5) |
Men | 15 (5.5) |
Age (yr) | 37.5±9.45 |
<30 | 58 (21.1) |
30–39 | 121 (44.0) |
40–49 | 59 (21.5) |
50–59 | 33 (12.0) |
≥60 | 4 (1.4) |
Education level | |
Bachelor’s | 156 (56.7) |
Masters in progress | 31 (11.3) |
Master’s | 64 (23.3) |
PhD in progress | 15 (5.5) |
PhD | 9 (3.2) |
Institution | |
Hospital-based | 197 (71.6) |
Tertiary hospital | 99 (36.0) |
General hospital | 93 (33.8) |
Hospital, long-term care hospital | 5 (1.8) |
Community-based | 78 (28.4) |
Community health center | 29 (10.5) |
School | 20 (7.3) |
Senior care facility | 12 (4.4) |
Mental health facility | 6 (2.2) |
Public health organization | 11 (4.0) |
Total nursing experiences (yr) | 12.61±8.86 |
3–<6 | 68 (24.7) |
6–<9 | 52 (18.9) |
9–<12 | 37 (13.5) |
12–<15 | 29 (10.5) |
≥15 | 89 (32.4) |
Variable | No. (%) |
---|---|
Education on work-related lawa) | |
Yes | 208 (75.6) |
Undergraduate education | 165 (79.3) |
Graduate education | 21 (10.1) |
Workplace training | 50 (24.0) |
Continuing education | 28 (13.5) |
Workshop, conference | 2 (1.0) |
No | 67 (24.4) |
Challenges due to limited legal knowledgea) | |
Yes | 89 (32.4) |
Lack of knowledge on nurses’ legal responsibilities | 35 (39.3) |
Ambiguity in scope of practice | 19 (21.3) |
Lack of understanding of legal terminology, interpretation, case law, and amendments or newly enacted regulations | 13 (14.6) |
Difficulties in caregiver education and interaction due to limited legal knowledge | 8 (9.0) |
Limited understanding of working hours and labor regulations | 7 (7.9) |
Unawareness of available legal support | 5 (5.6) |
Difficulties in responding to infectious diseases based on legal grounds | 4 (4.5) |
No | 186 (67.6) |
Intention to participate in work-related law educationa) | |
Yes | 247 (89.8) |
Online recorded lecture | 147 (59.5) |
Online live lecture | 71 (28.7) |
Offline lecture | 86 (34.8) |
Seminar or workshop | 83 (33.6) |
Text-based training | 63 (25.5) |
No | 28 (10.2) |
Law | Hospital nurses (n=197) | Hospital-based nurses (n=78) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | Paired t | Borich needs | LFM priorities | Mean±SD | Paired t | Borich needs | LFM priorities | |||||||||
Practical application | RCL | PCL | RCL-PCL | Value | Rank | Practical application | RCL | PCL | RCL-PCL | Value | Rank | |||||
Labor Standards Act | 3.63 | 4.43 | 2.75 | 1.54±1.33 | 16.28* | 7.45 | 1 | HH | 4.21 | 4.51 | 3.08 | 1.44±1.34 | 9.43* | 6.48 | 2 | HH |
Nursing Act | 3.20 | 4.39 | 2.84 | 1.38±1.14 | 16.94* | 6.77 | 2 | HH | 3.67 | 4.62 | 2.95 | 1.67±1.36 | 10.79* | 7.69 | 1 | HH |
Act on Hospice and Palliative Care and Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End of Life | 3.80 | 4.41 | 2.97 | 0.79±1.20 | 9.26* | 6.33 | 3 | HH | 3.44 | 4.28 | 2.92 | 1.36±1.29 | 9.31* | 5.82 | 11 | |
Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act | 3.78 | 4.46 | 3.08 | 1.12±1.15 | 13.75* | 6.15 | 4 | HH | 4.10 | 4.58 | 3.23 | 1.35±1.11 | 10.67* | 6.16 | 4 | HH |
Blood Management Act | 3.88 | 4.42 | 3.10 | 0.84±1.18 | 10.00* | 5.86 | 5 | HH | 2.95 | 3.92 | 2.87 | 1.05±1.08 | 8.60* | 4.12 | 24 | |
Emergency Medical Service Act | 3.74 | 4.39 | 3.09 | 1.24±1.26 | 13.83* | 5.71 | 6 | HH | 3.94 | 4.53 | 3.22 | 1.31±1.11 | 10.42* | 5.92 | 9 | HH |
Narcotics Control Act | 4.15 | 4.57 | 3.35 | 0.89±1.14 | 11.04* | 5.60 | 7 | HH | 3.64 | 4.44 | 3.09 | 1.35±1.35 | 8.83* | 5.97 | 8 | HH |
Medical Service Act | 3.76 | 4.35 | 3.10 | 1.68±1.35 | 17.43* | 5.40 | 8 | HH | 4.15 | 4.58 | 3.33 | 1.24±1.19 | 9.26* | 5.69 | 12 | |
Patient Safety Act | 3.97 | 4.43 | 3.26 | 1.24±1.36 | 12.84* | 5.17 | 9 | HH | 3.56 | 4.31 | 2.95 | 1.36±1.09 | 10.98* | 5.85 | 10 | |
National Health Insurance Act | 3.50 | 4.15 | 2.91 | 1.09±1.16 | 13.10* | 5.16 | 10 | HH | 3.95 | 4.42 | 3.15 | 1.27±1.26 | 8.93* | 5.61 | 13 | HH |
Equal Employment Opportunity and Work-Family Balance Assistance Act | 3.23 | 4.03 | 2.78 | 1.11±1.13 | 13.73* | 5.01 | 11 | 3.62 | 4.10 | 2.87 | 1.23±1.29 | 8.44* | 5.05 | 21 | ||
Prevention of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Act | 3.33 | 4.10 | 2.90 | 0.74±1.15 | 9.00* | 4.89 | 12 | HH | 2.99 | 4.05 | 2.78 | 1.27±1.11 | 10.07* | 5.14 | 19 | |
Tuberculosis Prevention Act | 3.63 | 4.31 | 3.19 | 1.22±1.22 | 14.06* | 4.83 | 13 | 4.05 | 4.46 | 3.29 | 1.17±1.17 | 8.83* | 5.21 | 17 | ||
Dementia Management Act | 3.02 | 3.93 | 2.78 | 1.04±1.18 | 12.32* | 4.51 | 14 | 3.79 | 4.45 | 3.10 | 1.35±1.28 | 9.31* | 5.99 | 7 | HH | |
Long-Term Care Insurance Act | 3.17 | 3.97 | 2.87 | 0.91±1.10 | 11.61* | 4.40 | 15 | 3.97 | 4.45 | 3.09 | 1.36±1.36 | 8.84* | 6.05 | 5 | HH | |
Welfare of Senior Citizens Act | 3.21 | 4.03 | 2.94 | 0.94±1.17 | 11.33* | 4.37 | 16 | 3.88 | 4.45 | 3.09 | 1.36±1.29 | 9.31* | 6.05 | 5 | HH | |
Mother and Child Health Act | 3.13 | 3.93 | 2.89 | 1.30±1.25 | 14.57* | 4.07 | 17 | 3.60 | 4.18 | 3.08 | 1.10±1.21 | 8.03* | 4.61 | 23 | ||
Act on the Improvement of Mental Health and the Support for Welfare Services for Mental Patients | 3.14 | 3.97 | 2.97 | 1.24±1.33 | 13.13* | 3.99 | 18 | 3.95 | 4.49 | 3.10 | 1.38±1.22 | 10.03* | 6.21 | 3 | HH | |
Occupational Safety and Health Act | 3.18 | 4.03 | 3.09 | 1.01±1.15 | 12.32* | 3.81 | 19 | 3.45 | 4.14 | 2.91 | 1.23±1.12 | 9.74* | 5.10 | 20 | ||
Framework Act on Health and Medical Services | 3.13 | 3.95 | 3.05 | 0.73±1.18 | 8.63* | 3.59 | 20 | 3.82 | 4.36 | 3.09 | 1.27±1.28 | 8.79* | 5.53 | 15 | HH | |
National Health Promotion Act | 3 | 3.84 | 2.95 | 1.15±1.26 | 12.83* | 3.43 | 21 | 4.04 | 4.46 | 3.22 | 1.24±1.12 | 9.82* | 5.55 | 14 | ||
Public Health and Medical Services Act | 3.02 | 3.77 | 2.93 | 0.74±1.19 | 8.70* | 3.18 | 22 | 3.92 | 4.38 | 3.15 | 1.23±1.18 | 9.19* | 5.40 | 16 | ||
Quarantine Act | 2.79 | 3.60 | 2.81 | 1.32±1.20 | 15.53* | 2.85 | 23 | 3.08 | 3.82 | 2.86 | 0.96±1.23 | 6.89* | 3.67 | 26 | ||
Regional Public Health Act | 2.74 | 3.64 | 2.91 | 1.44±1.28 | 15.77* | 2.64 | 24 | 3.87 | 4.36 | 3.17 | 1.19±1.13 | 9.33* | 5.20 | 18 | ||
School Health Act | 2.45 | 3.46 | 2.72 | 1.17±1.19 | 13.77* | 2.54 | 25 | 3.29 | 4.17 | 3 | 1.17±1.10 | 9.38* | 4.86 | 22 | ||
Act on Special Measures for Health and Medical Services in Agricultural and Fishing Villages | 2.45 | 3.35 | 2.61 | 1.19±1.20 | 13.99* | 2.47 | 26 | 3.47 | 4.03 | 3.05 | 0.97±1.22 | 7.07* | 3.92 | 25 |
Category | Law (no. of respondents) | Response (frequency)a) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||
General | Labor Standards Act (49) | Work hours and recess (27) | Labor contracts (22) | Wages (22) |
Nursing Act (104) | Scope of practice (78) | Rights and responsibilities of nurses (41) | Improvement of working conditions for nurses (18) | |
Act on Hospice and Palliative Care and Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End of Life (28) | Implementation of determination to terminate, etc., life-sustaining treatment (23) | Hospice and palliative care (8) | Management system for determination to terminate, etc., life-sustaining treatment (7) | |
Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act (85) | Measures to prevent spread of infectious diseases (36) | General provisions (25) | Reporting (23) | |
Emergency Medical Service Act (31) | Emergency medical institutions (23) | Transport of emergency patients (14) | Finance (6) | |
Narcotics Control Act (44) | Management of narcotics and narcotic handlers (32) | Control of narcotics, person handling narcotics (9) | Penalty provisions (9) | |
Patient Safety Act (27) | Patient safety standards and safety indicators (20) | Reporting of patient safety incidents (7) | Patient safety management activities in healthcare institutions (5) | |
Hospital-based nurses only | Blood Management Act (22) | Blood management work (15) | Evaluation and reporting of blood management services (6) | Identity verification, health examinations, and protection of blood donors (5) |
Medical Service Act (18) | Medical personnel (13) | Medical institutions (7) | Advertisement of medical services (6) | |
National Health Insurance Act (46) | Insurance benefits (40) | Insurance contributions (9) | Applications for objection and requests for judgment (8) | |
Equal Employment Opportunity and Work-Family Balance Assistance Act (31) | Protection of motherhood and assistance for work-family balance (27) | Guarantee of equal opportunities and treatment in employment of men and women (7) | Penalty provisions (3) | |
Community-based nurses only | Dementia Management Act (24) | Dementia research projects (18) | Establishment and execution of comprehensive dementia management plans (5) | General provisions (3) |
Long-Term Care Insurance Act (34) | Types of long-term care benefits (19) | Approval for long-term care (14) | Provision of long-term care benefits (13) | |
Welfare of Senior Citizens Act (40) | Prevention and protection of elder abuse (24) | Establishment and operation of welfare facility for senior citizens (14) | Dispositions of health and welfare (13) | |
Act on the Improvement of Mental Health and the Support for Welfare Services for Mental Patients (28) | Care and medical treatment (15) | Implementation of policies for improvement of mental health (13) | Opening, establishment, and operation of mental health improvement facilities (6) |
Values are presented as number of participants (%) or mean±standard deviation.
a)Multiple choices.
HH, high-high; LFM, Locus for Focus model; PCL, present competence level; RCL, required competence level; SD, standard deviation. *
a)Multiple choices.