Moon-Jong Choi; Chang-Sik Son; Jinsu Kim; Yeongmi Ha

doi:10.4040/jkan.2016.46.1.69

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Original Article
Development of a Wellness Index for Workers: Moon-Jong Choi, Chang-Sik Son, Jinsu Kim, Yeongmi Ha; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2016;46(1):69-78.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.1.69
Published online: February 29, 2016

¹Medical Device Development Center, DGMIF, Daegu, Korea.

²Wellness Convergence Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.

³College of Business Administration, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.

⁴College of Nursing·Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Ha, Yeongmi. College of Nursing·Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 816 beon-gil 15, Jinju-daero, Jinju 52727, Korea. Tel: +82-55-772-8253, Fax: +82-55-772-8222, yha@gnu.ac.kr

• Received: January 21, 2015 • Revised: February 6, 2015 • Accepted: October 17, 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop a wellness index for workers (WIW) and examine the validity and reliability of the WIW for assessing workers' wellness.
Methods
The developmental process for the instrument included construction of a conceptual framework based on a wellness model, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, preliminary study, extraction of final items, and psychometric testing. Content validity was verified by 4 experts from occupational health nursing and wellness disciplines. The construct validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity were examined with confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability was examined with Cronbach's alpha. The participants were 494 workers from two workplaces.
Results
Eighteen items were selected for the final scale, and the results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported a five-factor model of wellness with acceptable model fit, and factors named as physical · emotional · social · intellectual · occupational wellness. The convergent and discriminant validity were also supported. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .91.
Conclusion
The results indicate that the WIW is a valid and reliable instrument to comprehensively assess workers' wellness, and to provide basic directions for developing workplace wellness program.
Keywords: Health status; Worker; Validity

This work was supported by the R&D Program of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of Korea (Program of Advanced Technology Development for Future Industry, 10044353).

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

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Table 1

General Characteristics of Participants (N =494)

Table 2

Goodness of Fit Indices for Wellness Index using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

CMIN/DF=Chi-square minimum/degree of freedom; GFI=Goodness of fit index; NFI=Normal fit index; CFI=Comparative fit index; TLI=Turker-Lewis index; RMSEA=Root mean square error of approximation.

Table 3

Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Final Items for WIW

AVE=Average variance extracted; CR=Composite reliability; WIW=Wellness index for workers.

Table 4

Correlations between the Five Dimensions of Wellness

AVE=Average variance extracted.

Table 5

Reliability of Five Dimensions of Wellness

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Development of a Wellness Index for Workers

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2016;46(1):69-78. Published online February 29, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.1.69

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Development of a Wellness Index for Workers

Table 1

General Characteristics of Participants (N =494)

Table 2

Goodness of Fit Indices for Wellness Index using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

CMIN/DF=Chi-square minimum/degree of freedom; GFI=Goodness of fit index; NFI=Normal fit index; CFI=Comparative fit index; TLI=Turker-Lewis index; RMSEA=Root mean square error of approximation.

Table 3

Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Final Items for WIW

AVE=Average variance extracted; CR=Composite reliability; WIW=Wellness index for workers.

Table 4

Correlations between the Five Dimensions of Wellness

AVE=Average variance extracted.

Table 5

Reliability of Five Dimensions of Wellness

Table 1 General Characteristics of Participants (N =494)

Table 2 Goodness of Fit Indices for Wellness Index using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

CMIN/DF=Chi-square minimum/degree of freedom; GFI=Goodness of fit index; NFI=Normal fit index; CFI=Comparative fit index; TLI=Turker-Lewis index; RMSEA=Root mean square error of approximation.

Table 3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Final Items for WIW

AVE=Average variance extracted; CR=Composite reliability; WIW=Wellness index for workers.