Jung-Hee Cha; Sun-Hee Lee; Yang-Sook Yoo

doi:10.4040/jkan.2010.40.5.705

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Original Article
Effects of Aromatherapy on Changes in the Autonomic Nervous System, Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity and Aortic Augmentation Index in Patients with Essential Hypertension: Jung-Hee Cha, Sun-Hee Lee, Yang-Sook Yoo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2010;40(5):705-713.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.5.705
Published online: October 31, 2010

¹Director of Nursing, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

²Unit Manager of Inpatient Nursing, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

³Professor, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Yoo, Yang-Sook. College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2258-7411, Fax: 82-2-2258-7772, ysyoo@catholic.ac.kr

• Received: October 1, 2009 • Accepted: October 14, 2010

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the effectiveness of aromatherapy on blood pressure, heart rate variability, aortic pulse wave velocity and the aortic augmentation index of essential hypertensive patients.
Methods
Using a coin toss, 22 participants were assigned to the experimental group and 20 to the control. The experimental group was given a blend of oils of lemon (Citrus limonum), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), and ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) which were prepared in the ratio of 2:2:1, respectively. The control group was given an artificial lemon fragrance of Limonene (35 cc) and Citral (15 cc) mixture. The experiment, inhalation, was conducted for 3 weeks (2 min per inhalation, 2 times per day) to both groups.
Results
There was a noticeable difference in systolic blood pressure between the groups (p=.001), however the difference in diastolic blood pressure between the two groups was not significant. There was a notable difference in sympathetic nerve system activity of heart rate variability (p=.047). However, the differences in aortic pulse wave velocity or the aortic augmentation index were not significant.
Conclusion
Aromatherapy is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure and sympathetic nerve system activity.
Keywords: Aromatherapy; Hypertension; Autonomic nervous system

REFERENCES

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Figure 1

Research design.

Table 1

Homogeneity Test for Characteristics and Research Variables between Groups

^*Fisher's exact test.

BMI=body mass index; RAS antagonists=renin angiotensin system antagonists; CC blockers=Ca channel blockers; HRV=heart rate variability; PWV=pulse wave velocity; AIx=augmentation index.

Etc.: RAS antagonists+β-blocker, RAS antagonists+diuretics, β-blocker+CC blockers, diuretics, RAS antagonists+CC blockers+diuretics; LF norm: sympathetic nerve system activity; HF norm: parasympathetic nerve system activity.

Table 2

Comparisons of Research Variables between Groups before & after Aromatherapy

HRV=heart rate variability; PWV=pulse wave velocity; AIx=augmentation index.

LF norm: sympathetic nerve system activity; HF norm: parasympathetic nerve system activity.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Effects of Aromatherapy on Changes in the Autonomic Nervous System, Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity and Aortic Augmentation Index in Patients with Essential Hypertension

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010;40(5):705-713. Published online October 31, 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.5.705

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Effects of Aromatherapy on Changes in the Autonomic Nervous System, Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity and Aortic Augmentation Index in Patients with Essential Hypertension

Figure 1 Research design.

Figure 1

Effects of Aromatherapy on Changes in the Autonomic Nervous System, Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity and Aortic Augmentation Index in Patients with Essential Hypertension

Table 1

Homogeneity Test for Characteristics and Research Variables between Groups

^*Fisher's exact test.

BMI=body mass index; RAS antagonists=renin angiotensin system antagonists; CC blockers=Ca channel blockers; HRV=heart rate variability; PWV=pulse wave velocity; AIx=augmentation index.

Table 2

Comparisons of Research Variables between Groups before & after Aromatherapy

HRV=heart rate variability; PWV=pulse wave velocity; AIx=augmentation index.

LF norm: sympathetic nerve system activity; HF norm: parasympathetic nerve system activity.

Table 1 Homogeneity Test for Characteristics and Research Variables between Groups

^*Fisher's exact test.

BMI=body mass index; RAS antagonists=renin angiotensin system antagonists; CC blockers=Ca channel blockers; HRV=heart rate variability; PWV=pulse wave velocity; AIx=augmentation index.

Table 2 Comparisons of Research Variables between Groups before & after Aromatherapy

HRV=heart rate variability; PWV=pulse wave velocity; AIx=augmentation index.

LF norm: sympathetic nerve system activity; HF norm: parasympathetic nerve system activity.