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Experience of Becoming a Father of a High Risk Premature Infant
Jeong Eon Park, Byoung Sook Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(2):277-288.   Published online April 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.2.277
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was performed to identify the experience of becoming a father of a high risk premature infant.

Methods

Grounded theory was used for this research. The participants were 12 fathers who had premature infants lighter than 2,500g of birth weight, less than 37 weeks of gestational age and having stayed 2 weeks or longer in a NICU right after birth. Theoretical sampling was done to identify participants and indepth interviews were done for the data collection. For data analysis, the process suggested by Corbin and Strauss was used.

Results

For these participants the core phenomenon of the experience of becoming a father of a high risk premature infant was ‘striving through with belief and patience’. The phenomenon was ‘being frustrated in an unrealistic shock’. Contextual conditions were ‘uncertainty in the health status of the premature baby’ and ‘no one to ask for help’ and intervening conditions were ‘possibility in the health recovery of the premature baby’ and ‘assistance from significant others’. Action/interaction strategies were ‘withstanding with belief in the baby’ and ‘enduring with willpower as head of the family’ and the consequence was ‘becoming a guardian of the family’.

Conclusion

For the participants, the process of becoming the father of a high risk premature infant was striving through the situation with belief in their babies' ability to overcome the crisis and waiting for the babies' recovery with patience.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • An Integrated Review of Transitional Care for Families of Pre-Term Infants
    Jeong Soon Kim, Hae Ran Kim
    Healthcare.2024; 12(22): 2287.     CrossRef
  • The experience of fathers whose infants were hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in South Korea: A scoping review
    Jiyeon Lee, Sunyeob Choi
    Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 72: 36.     CrossRef
  • Perceptions of fatherhood and confidence regarding neonatal care among fathers of high-risk neonates in South Korea: a descriptive study
    Jin Won Lee, Sunhee Lee
    Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(3): 229.     CrossRef
  • Changes in Strauss & Corbin's Grounded Theory
    Ji Eun Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(5): 505.     CrossRef
  • Parenting Experience of Prematurity Parents Based on Grounded Theory
    Jeong Soon Kim
    Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2019; 23(4): 232.     CrossRef
  • Experiences of Mothers of Premature Infants Receiving Rehabilitation Therapy
    Hyun-Ju Kang
    Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 298.     CrossRef
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A Study on the Influences of Stressful Events and Coping Behavior on Mental Health
Pyoung Sook Lee, Hyun Bin Rhim
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1980;10(1):57-64.   Published online April 3, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1980.10.1.57
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of the study was to find out the relationship between experienced stressful events and its coping behavior within mentally wellness and illness, and to define the effective coping method under the stressful situation. By doing so, during the period of April, 1978- to March, 1979 the objects of this study were 100 persons who were under the psychiatric facilities in their first hospitalization, and who were registered in psychiatric out patient department in the form general hospitals located at Seoul selected as a experimental group. As a control group 100 persons who never experienced psychiatric treatmcntd who were not under the current medical treatment, and who were earring appropriate social roles in their community were selected, and in both groups utilized questimaires for Social Readjustment Pating Scale and Coping Scale. This study was tested by X2 examinationand by F-ratio (analysis of variance). Results were as follows : Hypothesis 1 . The actually experienced life events were expected to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group, but they did not show the significant difference between the groups. (p> 0.05) Thus hypothesis 1 was rejected. Hypothesis : 2 . The stress scores were expected to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and also did show the significant difference between the groups (p<0.05) . Therefore hypothesis 2 was supported. Hypothesis 3 . The non-effective coping behavior were expected to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and also did show the significant difference between the two groups(p< 0.001). Also hypothesis 3 was supported. Hypohthesis 4 . The higher stress score groups (above 250 LCU) were expected to utilize non-effective coping method more frefuently than in the lower stress score groups (below 249 LCU), and not only they showed high in utilizing non-effective coping method but also showed high in utilizing effective coping method. Thus hyphothesis 4 was partially supported, (p < 0.001) The following are drawn out based on the result of this study that the stress scores were higher, and more utilized non-effective coping method in the emotionally disturbances than in the emtionally healthies.

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An Analysis of Suicidal Accidents on Psychiatric In-patients
Pyoung Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1975;5(2):11-22.   Published online April 3, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1975.5.2.11
AbstractAbstract PDF

Suicides have been considered to be one of the grave problems of modern societies. According to recent police statistics of Republic of Korea, 28.6 suicides in every 100,000 were reported. Psychiatric patients are believed to be predisposed to suicidal tendencies. This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of suicidal attempts and to analyse the environmental factors involved in the suicidal accidents of patients admitted to psychiatric hospitals. Records of 66 suicidal accidents from three psychiatric hospitals during the period of January 1971 through June 1976 were sampled. Data were analysed by perceritile score. Results are as follows; 1. The age group of 21~30yrs. was revealed to be the highest in frequency of suicidal attempts (50.0%) Among the succesful suicides; the age group of 3l~40 yrs. in men and the age group of 21 -30 yrs. in women revealed to be the highest in frequency, Among the unsuccesful suicides; the age group of 21-30yrs. in both sex revealed to be the highest in frequency. 2. Suicidal accidentsoecurred more frequently to the unmarried(63. 6%). Among the succesful suicides; higher frequency was shown ro unmarried in men and the frequency is contrasted in women. Among the unsuccessful; the unmarried in both sex were revealed to be highest in frequency. 3. Schizophrenia was revealed the highest of suicidal attempts in frequency (81. 8%). 4. Suicides were most frequently attempted in the spring(46. 9%). Among the successful suicides; highest frequencies were shown in men in the winter and in women in the summer sesaon. Among the unsuccessful suicides; highest frequencies were shown in men in the winter and in women in the spring. 5. Suicidal attempts were most frequently occurred in hospital wards (40.9%). In women, unsussesful attempts were found to be the highest on authorized leave at their home. 6. The hanging was revealed to be the most frequently adopted methods for suicidal atte mpts (31. 8%). Among the successful suicides;hanging was the most frequent method adopted in men while in women the drug over-dose. Among the unsuccessful suicides; stabbing by sharp devices while in women drug-overdosage was adopted as well.

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An Experimental Study on the Influences of Nurses' Communication Method upon Psychiatric Patient's Response
Pyoung Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1974;4(2):78-92.   Published online April 3, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1974.4.2.78
AbstractAbstract PDF

It is the purpose of this study to make clear the way in which people can lead a more desirable human life, that is, to ascertain the method of achieving therapeutic change through transaction between nurses and psychiatric patients. The various problems proposed by the above-stated aims of study can be shown, such as: What kind of influences does the method of a nurse's communication have upon the response of psychiatric patiants? 1) What are the general methods of communication used by the nurses? 2! Are there any differences between the control group and experimental group in the patients' "Child" response? 3) Are there any differences between the control group and experimental group in the Patients-"Adult" response? 4) What is the most desirable method of communication for therapeutic change in the patients? In an effort to solve the above questions this study attempted and managed to draw a random sampling of 200 patients being accommodated in the National Mental Hospital by dividing them into two groups, experimental groups and conrol groups, and recording the transactions between nurses and patients. In the course of carrying out this study, the experimental group was interviewed by the nurses specially trained in the P.A.C theory, and the control group interviewed at random by the nurses with no special training in communication. Further, the communication between nurses and patients in a free, relaxed atmosphere was allowed only for 15 minutes, whereupon the nurses were requested to make process-recording according to her memory of nurse- patient transaction. The process-recording which recorded a series of transactions between the nurses and the patients-was analyzed according to Berne and Harris' transactional Analysis Standard. Through this standard, the writer of this study examined the significance of difference to compare the transactions brought forth between the experimental group and the control group. The following is a summary of the study which the writer of this thesis undertook. Hypothesis I. The method of communication which the nurses usually apply to the patients will be higher in "Parent" than in "Adult". The communication which the nurses carried out in the control group turned out fo be not significant between "Adult" and "Parent" Accordingly hypothesis 1. came to be rejected. Hypothesis 2. The patients "Adult" response will be higher in the experimental group than in the control group. According to the result of a CR examination, as the communication showed a significant difference on P<.01 level' hypothesis 2 became affirmative. Hypothesis 3. The patients' "Child" response will be higher in the control group than in the experimental group. Hypothesis 3 proved affirmative since it showed an significant degree on P<.01 level according to the result of a CR examination. Hypothesis 4 "Adult" response of the patient will be higher in frequency by nurses' "Adult" stimulus than nurse's "Parent" stimulus Chi-square examination revealed significant differenne on P<.05 level. H-ypo. 4 is affirmed. The following conclusions are drawn out based on the result of this study. 1) The generally used method of communication stimulus used by nurses for patients proved to be "Adult" and "Parent" in similar proportion. 2) The group in which the nurses could increase pthe atients' "Adult" response proved to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Therefore, the communication (or stimulus) which has been applied in the experimental group can be said to be possible method of achieving therapeutic change. 3) Since the patients' "Child" response were higher in the control group than in the experimental group the communication method used in the control group was suggested as the less agreeable method of achieving therapeutic change than that used in the experimental group. 4) "Adult" response of patient was elicited in significantly greater percentage when the "Adult" stimulus was used by the nurse. Therefore, the most desirable method of - communication to give therapeutic change definitely was shown to be the "Adult" stimulus. Recommendations for further studies are as follows: 1) Studies on nurses' role perception in nurse-patient relationships. 2) Studies on patients' response to the method of cammunication used by nurses according to variables such as sex, social status, educational background, state of health. 3) Application of T.A. method to various groups of patients. 4) Study of various methods to improve student skill in use of process recording.

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A Study of the Ethical Values of Korean Nurses
Young Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1990;20(2):249-270.   Published online March 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1990.20.2.249
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study is to identify whether ethical values of Korean nursed are deontological utilitarian . Nurse's ethical value questionnaire was developed from review of literature and interview of nurses in the clinical settings. Content validity was tested from three nursing faculties and staffs. Ethical problems are categorized into four areas : 1) human life area 2) nurse-patient relationship area 3) nurse-nursing task relationship area 4) nurse-colleague relationship area The data were obtained from the 404 nurses in the clinical settings from Feb. to Mar. in 1990 by ethical value questionnaire. The analysis of data was done by Pearson's correlation coefficient, t-test, anova. 1. The ethical values of human life slightly took up the position of utilitarian. 2. The ethical values of nurse-patient relationships slightly took up deontological position. 3. The ethical values of nurse-nursing task relationships slightly took up deontological position. 4. The ethical values of nurse-colleague relationships greatly took up deontological position. 5. The ethics of nurses related to demographic characteristics of religion, attitude of nursing, ethical standards, education level and post. Those who have religion took up more deontological position than those who have not. Those who have positive attitude of nursing and firm ethical standards took up more deontological position than those who have not. Those who have higher education level and post took up more deontological position than those who have not.

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    Journal of information and communication convergence engineering.2025; 23(1): 48.     CrossRef
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    The Korean Journal of Vision Science.2024; 26(2): 111.     CrossRef
  • Development and Application of Biomedical Ethics Education e-Learning Contents for College Students Based on Scenarios Using Generative Artificial Intelligence
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    Journal of Digital Contents Society.2024; 25(10): 3091.     CrossRef
  • The impact of nursing students’ biomedical and artificial intelligence ethical awareness, ethical values, and professional self-concept on their ethical decision-making confidence
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    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(4): 371.     CrossRef
  • The influence of hospital nurses’ moral sensitivity and ethical values on their biomedical ethics awareness
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  • Trends of the researches related to ethical topic in Korean nursing students
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    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(4): 402.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2020; 27(4): 375.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2019; 25(2): 227.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(4): 282.     CrossRef
  • A Survey on the Awareness of Bioethics Among the Occupational Therapists
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    Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy.2018; 26(3): 69.     CrossRef
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    The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2018; 21(4): 115.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Information Literacy and Perception of Patient Data Privacy on Ethical Values among Hospital Clinical Nurses
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    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(1): 52.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study of Nursing Students Consciousness of Biomedical Ethics and Attitudes toward Human Tissue Donation and Transplantation According to Participation in Anatomy Camp Program
    Min Ji Kim, Seo Yeon Park, Su Jin Park, Ju Yeon Park, Young Hyun Lee, Eun A Choi
    Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology.2017; 30(3): 99.     CrossRef
  • Awareness of Nursing Students’ Biomedical Ethics and Attitudes toward Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
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    Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(3): 292.     CrossRef
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Development of a Measurement Tool of Caring to Evaluate Quality of Nursing Care
Byoung Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1996;26(3):653-667.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1996.26.3.653
AbstractAbstract PDF

It is important to find indicators of quality nursing care to establish the excellence of nursing practice and for the development of nursing as a profession. Caring is one of the indicators which can represent professional nursing care. The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement tool of caring that could be used as an instrument for the evaluation of quality of nursing care. The Target population for the developed tool of caring is the adult patient. The mearsurement tool of caring was developed through the following steps. (1) A list of caring behaviors was made using qualitative researches on caring that has been done in Korea. (2) Caring behaviors in nurses were selected using the list of caring behaviors developed from Watson's 10 factors of caring, (3) Items for the measurement tool of caring were developed using the caring behaviors of nurses (4) Content validity of the developed items was evaluated by an expert panel. (5) The mearsurement tool of caring was developed after a pilot study (6) Internal consistency, and construct validity of the developed tool were verified. (7) The mearsurement tool of caring with the items verified for the internal consistency and construct validity was confirmed. As a result of the study, a mearsurement tool of caring, composed of 27 items with 3 factors, was developed. The Reliability coefficient of the tool was . 9578. The tool is a 5 point Likert scale. The factors of the tool and the number of items for each factor are, 1) accessibility and availablility, 15 items; 2) emotional support and giving information, 8 items; 3) providing a protective environment, 4 items.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A Review of the Korean Nursing Research Literature with Focus on Quantitative Measurement of Caring
    Jeong-Hee Kim, Young Sook Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(2): 155.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Nurse Manager and Peer Group Caring Behaviors as Perceived by Nurses on Intention to Retention
    Moon Yeon Kong, Jeong-Hee Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2017; 23(2): 191.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Suffering Experience, Empathy Ability, Caring Behaviors on Terminal Care Performance of Clinical Nurses
    Kae Hwa Jo, Ae Ran Park, Jin Ju Lee, Su Jung Choi
    The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2015; 18(4): 276.     CrossRef
  • Development of an Instrument to Measure Intra-Operative Caring Behaviors Perceived by Regional Anesthesia Patients
    Mi-Jung Kim, Eun-Nam Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2012; 42(5): 749.     CrossRef
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Concept Analysis of Caring
Byoung Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1996;26(2):337-344.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1996.26.2.337
AbstractAbstract PDF

Caring is being rediscovered as a central and unifying concept of the nursing. Traditionally, nursing profession has emphasized spirit and activities of caring. But there is little efforts to study the caring phenomena scientifically and systematically in nursing, and then the concept of caring is still remained unclear and ambiguous. Changes of social, and health care environment are threatening the philosophy and practice of caring, so it is urgent to identify caring more scientifically and to rediscover the nature of nursing discipline. Knowledge of the caring is essential component for the development of nursing as a science and a profession. The first thing to study a concept is thought to be the analysis of the concept. So in this study, concept analysis of caring was perfomed to clarify the concept of caring as a basis for the study of caring afterward. The approach used for the concept analysis of caring was the approach presented by Walker and Avant. The defining (or critical) attributes of caring identified in this study were (1) a series of activities for helping others, (2) concern and devotion, (3) interpersonal relationship, and (4) scientific and systematic process. The identified antecedents of caring were (1) awareness of other's needs for help, and (2) moral and cognitive motivation for helping others. The identified consequences of caing were (1) healing, (2) satisfaction, and (3) growth. And the consequences of caring were revealed to both of the care giver and the care receiver. The empirical referents of caring could be the behaviors of interpersonal relationship through scientific and systematic process with concern and devotion for others.

Citations

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  • An application of nurses’ professional self-concept and work productivity in one hospital in Padang, Indonesia
    Y Arif, F N Sasmita, S D Anggraini
    Journal of Physics: Conference Series.2020; 1469(1): 012049.     CrossRef
  • A Review of the Korean Nursing Research Literature with Focus on Quantitative Measurement of Caring
    Jeong-Hee Kim, Young Sook Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(2): 155.     CrossRef
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The Effect of Circumvaginal Muscle Exercise on Sexual Function in Married Women
Young Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1996;26(1):148-164.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1996.26.1.148
AbstractAbstract PDF

The effect of circumvaginal muscle (CVM) exercises to improve sexual function in married women has not been investigated by currently acceptable research methods, nor have appropriate instruments and techniques to carry out such investigation been available. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of CVM exercise on sexual function, and of measuring CVM function after CVM exercises. The research tools used were a modified Derogatis Sexual Function Inventory questionnare and a pressure sensitive intravaginal balloon device. This research was conducted in Kwangju-city and Chonnam province, Korea from July, 1994 to July, 1995. The research used a non-equivalent control pre-post test quasi-experimental design. Forty-five healthy married female volunteers, aged 30?8, and were randomly assigned by age using the matching fixed-length blocks to two groups. The experimental group consisted of 21 women who were assigned a 25 -minute per day CVM home exercise program for six weeks. The control group of 24 women did not do the CVM home exercises. The CVM home exercise was developed by Dougherty (1989a) and adopted to Korea by Lee (1993). Data were analyzed by x2-test, Paired t-test, Spearman product-moment correlation using SAS/PC+. The results are summarized as follows: 1. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of the subjects between the exper imental and control groups before the CVM home exercises. 2. Hypothesis 1 that married women who participated in CVM home exercises would have higher mean scores on the sexual function (SF) than in those who did not participate in home exercise was supported. 3. Hypothesis 2 that married women who participated in CVM home exercises would have higher vaginal pressure on SF than in those who did not participate in home exercises was supported (mean maximum pressure, t= -7.338, P<.0001, peak maximum pressure, t=-11.164, P<.0001). 4. Hypothesis 3 that the more often (number of days) and the more frequent (numbers of times per day) that married women do CVM home exercise, the higher their mean scores on SF and vaginal pressures was supported (r =0.233, P<.01; r=0.352, P<.05). A six week CVM home exercise program using a tape recording showed that SF can be improved. Results of this study showed that married women who exercise on a regular basis for six weeks improve their sexual function and increase the mean vaginal pressure and peak maximum pressure (tested by electronic monitor). In conclusion, CVM exercise is effective in increasing SF.

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A Statistical Study on the Key Words in the Titles of Nursing Related Theses
Ok Ja Ko, Sang Hae Kim, Hee Gerl Kim, Kum Jae Lee, Young Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1994;24(1):58-69.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1994.24.1.58
AbstractAbstract PDF

In order to see the development of Nursing related research activities in Korea over the last three decades, abstracts of almost all of the Master and Ph.D theses that appeared from 1961 up to August 1991 were collected. The number of theses was 2354, from which an index of key words has been constructed. Key words were defined as those terms in each thesis title that convey major objectives of the given thesis study and the important nursing concepts dealt with in the thesis. Although all the key words were picked from the thesis title only, full use was made of the abstracts in deciding the principal objectives and essential contents of the thesis studies and their important concepts as well. In total, 539 kinds of key words were identified from the 2354 titles, and the identified words were all found to be in the International Nursing Index. On an average each title has two key words. Which key words were most frequently used, how they have changed with time, what kind of concept is preferably dealt with by each graduate school, and the concepts to which a given key word is likely to be connected were examined. The results are summerized below: 1) For each decade the theses numbers were as follows: 54(2.3%) from the 60's, 413(17.5%) from the 70's, 1523 (64.7%) from the 80's, and 364(15.5%) from the 90's. Master's thesis contributed 96% (2252) of the papers and Ph. D's theses filled the remaining 4% (102). 2) A total of 539 key words were used, averaging about 2 for each thesis. The most frequently used key words were 'Nurse', 'Anxiety', 'Knowledge/Attitude/Practice', 'Stress/Stressor', 'Attitude', 'Job-Satisfaction', 'Mental Disorder', 'Operation', 'Elderly', 'Nursing Role'. 3) Each decades key words can be classified as: the 60's: 'Nursing Education', 'Pulmonary Tuberculosis', 'Mother-Child Health', 'Growth and Development', 'Public Facilities', 'Mental Disorder'; the 70's: 'Nurse', 'Family Planning', 'Attitude'/'Knowledge, Attitude/Practice', 'Curriculum in Nursing Education', 'Clinical Practice in Nursing', 'Analysis of the Work of the Nurse', 'Health Education of School',; the 80's: 'Nurse', 'Anxiety', 'Stress/Stressor', 'Operation', 'Nursing Role', 'Job Satisfaction'; the 90's: 'Nurse', 'Elderly', 'Family-Support', 'Stress/Stressor', 'Home Care'. Key word 'Nurse' appears continuously and most frequently through the years, which indicates that there has been active study of the characteristics of nurses and related fields. The concept 'Anxiety' has been studied steadly from the 80's and it shows that interest in health and disease are increasing which comes as a result of society changing to an industrial and informational community. 4) Looking into each graduate school's study area: key words 'Anxiety', 'Nurse', 'Mental Disorder', 'Stress/Stressor', 'Operation', 'Attitude', 'Hemodialysis', were studied in the regular graduate school: 'Family Planning/Contraception', 'Knowledge/Attitude/Practice', 'Physical Health-State/Physical Health Examination', 'Nurse', 'Using Clinical Facilities', 'Health Education of School', were studied in the Graduate School of Public Health'; 'Nurse', 'Anxiety', 'Stress/Stressor', 'Job-Satisfaction', 'Clinical Practice Education', 'Nursing Education', were studied in the Graduate School of Education; 'Nurse', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Nursing Role', 'Administration-Employmet/Employment Management', 'Leadership', 'Personnel Profile', 'Nursing Manpower/Changing Working Place', were studied in the Graduate School of Public Administration. 5) The Connection between key words were: 'Nurse <=> Job Satisfaction', 'Stress/Stressor <=> Coping/Ajustment', 'Nurse <=> Nursing Role', 'Anxiety <=> Giving Information', 'Nurse <=> Stress/Stressor', 'Anxiety <=> Operation', 'Nurse <=> Burnout', 'Knowledge, Attitude, Practice <=> Family Planning', 'Nurse Administration <=> Employment', 'Anxiety <=> Muscle Relaxation Technic', 'Anxiety <=> Mental Disorder'. From the above it can be noted that many nursing concepts were handled in the thesis titles. But there were more than enough papers on the characteristics of the nurse. It is suggested that in depth research be made on 'Nursing Accidents', 'Ethics', 'Nurse-Patient Interactions', 'Spritual Care', 'Dying', 'Hospice', 'Resident Helper' and that thre should be in depth research relating to the physical and mental development of youth and in particular physical concepts like 'Drug-Abuse', 'Child -Abuse and Teaching'.

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  • An Investigation of Marine Taxa Referenced in Thesis Titles and Abstracts as a Collection Development Tool
    Geoffrey P. Timms
    Science & Technology Libraries.2019; 38(2): 184.     CrossRef
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A Study on Nurses' and Patients' Perceptions of Psychotropic Medication
Pyoung Sook Lee
Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1994;24(1):47-57.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1994.24.1.47
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to examine nurses' perceptions of medication treatment for psychiatric patients and to compare these perceptions with the perceptions held by the patients. The methodology used in this study was a descriptive design with semi-structured and open-ended interviews. This study used a convenience sample of 112 nurses who worked in, and 209 patients who were under psychiatric treatment, in four hospitals attached to a university and one national mental hospital in the city of Seoul. The collected data were analyzed by SAS, using percentages for descriptive purposes, and t-test or x2 for comparing the variables. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant differences between nurses' and patients' perceptions on the extent to which patients complied with their medication treatment. Generally speaking, the mean compliance scores for both nurses and patients was high (nurse: x=3.70, Patient: x=3.76). 2. There was a significant difference in nurses' and patients' perceptions on the reasons why patients do not take medication. The nurse group indicated that the patients did not take medication because of the "worry about side effects or habitu-ation(49.53%)", "boredom from long-term use of medication(26.17%)" and "distrust toward medical staff (12.15%)", but the patient group indicated that they "did not want to be dependent on medication (25%)", "forgot to take medication(19.7%) and "worried about side effects or habituation( 15.91%). 3. As for the necessity of medication, both groups showed some different responses. Even though both groups were aware of the necessity of taking medication, the patient group(21.53%) showed a more negative response. As for the effects of medication, both groups (nurses and patients) showed positive responses. However, the nurse group showed a higher positive response(91.07%) than the patient group(74.16%). 5. Both the patient and nurse group indicated that the most helpful element for the patient's life under psychiatric treatment was interviews and conversations with therapists and nurses. However, the nurse group showed a higher response (70.15%) than the patients group(47.15%). According to the patient group, family support for the patient was another important factor for psychiatric treatment and daily struggles. In conclusion, as there were differences between the perception of nurses and patients, the nurse must consider the patients' subjective perceptions first. They should also revaluate their false belief and prejudice concerning the patients' perceptions. Such information can provide a base to be applied by the nurses in devloping effective mutual relationships with patients which can in turn help in compliance with medication regimen. As it was confirmed that medication was the most important factor in the patients' recovery, a thorough education program on the therapeutic effect of medication and the necessity of their continued use after discharge is also needed.

Citations

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  • The Effects of Group Motivational Interviewing Compliance Therapy on Drug Attitude, Medicine Application Self-efficacy and Medicine Application in Psychiatric Patients
    Dawoon Lee, Sungjae Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2017; 26(4): 391.     CrossRef
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A Study on the Relationships among the Influential Variables on Stage of Change of Exercise in the Elderly
Sung Ok Chang, Pyoung Sook Lee, Eun Young Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):609-623.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.609
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among variables of transtheoretical model for exercise in the elderly. METHOD: A hypothetical model explaining the stage of change was constructed based on a transtheoretical model. Empirical data for testing the hypothetical model was collected from 246 old adults over 65 years old in a community settings in Seoul, Korea in June and July, 2000. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlational analysis using pc-SAS program. The Linear Structural Modeling(LISREL) 8.0 program was used to find the best fit model which explain causal relationship of variables. RESULT: The fitness of modified model to the data was X2= 96.75(df=49, p=.00005), GFI= .98, NFI=.99, AGFI=.95, NNFI=.99. The the predictable variables of stage of change explained 64% of stage of change for exercise. CONCLUSION: Results are consistent with the studies of application of the transtheoretical model, which has been used to understand how people change health behaviors. The findings of this study give useful informations to construct exercise intervention program for the elderly about relationships among variables influencing to the stage of change of exercise.

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  • Factors Influencing Exercise Behavior of the Male Manual Worker and Office Worker based on Health Promotion Model
    SeungKyoung Yang, Yeongmi Ha, Mi-Ra Jung
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(3): 235.     CrossRef
  • Influence of exercise self efficacy and perceived health status according to the stage of change for exercise behaviors in older adults
    Woo-Cheol Kim
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    Hyun Ju Hwang, Eun Nam Lee, Eun Jung Choi
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    Nam-Hee Kim, Hyoung-Sook Park, Myunghan Choi
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2013; 30(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • Factors Associated with Stages of Exercise Behavior Change of Residents in a Community
    Kyung-Shin Paek
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2012; 23(3): 316.     CrossRef
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Evaluation of Government Assisted Visiting Nursing Services of Health Center in 2000
Il Sun Ko, Cho Ja Kim, Tae Wha Lee, Kyung Ja Lee, Eui Sook Kim, Heek Young Ma, Young Sook Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(3):344-354.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.3.344
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study is a fact-finding research to understand the status of visiting nursing services operated by health centers in Korea and it aims to provide basic information for policy development on operation and management of visiting nursing services in health centers. METHOD: This study investigates the results of visiting nursing services in 242 health centers from Jan. 10 through Dec. 30, 2000, where 3,106 visiting nurses were employed by the public work program. RESULT: In 2000, 129,401 new household as service recipients was identified and that was 0.9% of Koreas total households (15,137,000), and 5.8% of low income households (2,242,000). The highest high risk group was dementia patients(aver. 55.2/1,000 person). Average number of households visited by visiting nurse were 4.5 households per day and the first-visited houses per visiting nurse were 1.1 households per day. The re-visiting rate was 71.3%. Total 4,059,130 service items were provided and assessment ranked the highest with 33.7%. The satisfaction level of clients on the nurses was an average of 3.17 points in the scale of 4 and the nursing service was a 2.60 points in a scale of 3. CONCLUSION: Visiting nursing service should continue to provide comprehensive healthcare services in cost-effective ways while cooperating with others.

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  • Effectiveness of Community-based Case Management for Patients with Hypertension
    Soon-Nyoung Yun, In-Sook Lee, Jin Hyun Kim, Young Ko
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(3): 159.     CrossRef
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    Hyun-Ju Lim, Eun-Kyoung Lee
    Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2013; 13(4): 693.     CrossRef
  • The Correlation between Nursing Professional Values and Job Satisfaction Depending on the Types of Visiting Nurses' Personality
    Hae In Park, Kyung Min Park, Kyung Hee Lee
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  • A Cost Benefit Analysis of Individual Home Visiting Health Care
    Jinhyun Kim, Taejin Lee, Jinhee Lee, Sangjin Shin, Eunhee Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2010; 21(3): 362.     CrossRef
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    Sook Nam Kim, Soon Ock Choi, Young Jae Kim, So Ra Lee
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    Young Ran Han
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Nursing Need of Patients with Chronic Illness: A Primary Study for Development for the Nursing Center of Chronic Illness
Pyoung Sook Lee, So In Kim, Soon Yong Kim, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Young Joo Park, Ho Shin Rhu, Sung Ok Chang, Kuem Sun Han, Min Hyun Suk
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(2):165-175.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.2.165
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the nursing needs of patients with chronic illness. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 636 patients with chronic illness, 323 general nurses, and 106 public health nurses. The instruments used for this study were questionnaires including perceived functions of nursing from the center for chronic illness, preference to placement, intention to use, needs to receive services from the center for chronic illness, strategies management for nursing, and nursing needs of chronically ill patients. RESULTS: The mean of perceived functions for nursing from the center were 3.1(0.5) in public health nurses, 2.9 (0.59) in general nurses, and 2.4(1.33) in chronically ill patients. Regards of needs to receive on services of the nursing centers were, the regularly physical examination, for health educational services which was perceived highest request amongst chronically ill patients. We found the means of each specific need as 2.2(0.6), for physical health, 2.1(0.7), for psychosocial health, and 1.8(0.6) for spiritual health. CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, it is suggested that establishing a nursing center for chronically ill patients consider physical, psychosocial, for spiritual health needs of chronically ill patients. It is also a consideration that direct care for symptom management and health education in the nursing center be implemented.

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    Seonyoung Yun, Jiyeon Kang
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Construct a Structural Model for Health Promoting Behavior of Chronic Illness
Sook Ja Lee, So In Kim, Pyoung Sook Lee, Soon Yong Khim, Eun Sook Park, Young Joo Park, Ho Shin Ryu, Sung Ok Chang, Kuem Sun Han
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(1):62-76.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.1.62
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was designed to construct a structural model for health promoting behavior of patients with chronic disease. The hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review and Pender's health promotion model.
METHOD
Data was collected by questionnaires from 1748 patients with chronic disease in General Hospital from December 1999 to July 2000 in Seoul. The disease of subject were cardiac disease included hypertension peptic ulcer, pulmonary disease included COPD and asthma, DM, and chronic kidney disease. Data analysis was done with SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL 8.13 Program for Covariance structural analysis.
RESULTS
1. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, it was modified by excluding 4 path and including free parameters to it. The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data (x2=591.83, p<.0001, GFI=0.97, AGFI= 0.94, NNFI=0.95, RMSR=0.01, RMSEA=0.05). 2. The perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the plan for action were found to have significant direct effect on health promoting behavior of chronic disease. 3. The health concept, health perception, emotional state, social support were found to have indirect effects on health promoting behavior of chronic disease.
CONCLUSION
The derived model in this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting health promoting behavior of patients with chronic disease. Therefore, it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested implication in nursing practice.

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    So-Hong Shin, Hyun-Sil Kim
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    Geun-Teak Ryu, Hun Choi
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    Young Mi Park, Gisoo Shin, Jiyoung Kim
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    Mi Suk Jeon, Hyeon-Ok Kim
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    Kyung Rim Shin, Younhee Kang, Hyo Jung Park, Myoung Ok Cho, Margaret Heitkemper
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    International Journal of Nursing Studies.2006; 43(1): 3.     CrossRef
  • Test of the health promotion model as a causal model of commitment to a plan for exercise among Korean adults with chronic disease
    YunHee Shin, SangKyun Yun, Nola J. Pender, HeeJung Jang
    Research in Nursing & Health.2005; 28(2): 117.     CrossRef
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The Study on the Effect of Stage Based Exercise Motivational Intervention Program for the Elderly
Pyoung Sook Lee, Sung Ok Chang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(5):818-834.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.5.818
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study aims at confirming exercise effects on obesity, mobility, self-efficacy, process of change, and decisional component by stage based exercise motivational intervention program for the elderly. The stage based exercise intervention program was constructed based on Transtheoretical Model.
METHODS
The design of this study is nonequivalent control group with repeated measuring by quasi-experimental study. The subjects of this study, composing of experimental group of 32 and control group of 28 were selected at one institution for the aged in Seoul.
RESULTS
1) The body fat (weight, BMI and circumference of waist), of the intervention group was significantly decreased than the control group. 2) The mobility of the intervention group was not significantly increased than control group. 3) The self-efficacy, Pros, Process of Change for exercise of the intervention group was not significantly increased than the control group. 4) The Cons for exercise of intervention group was not significantly decreased than the control group.
CONCLUSION
The above result have informed us that a stage-based exercise motivational intervention program for the elderly has the effect of decreasing old persons' body fat and has value as an effective means of nursing for the elderly.

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A Structural Model for Health Promoting Behaviors in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Disease
Young Joo Park, So In Kim, Pyoung Sook Lee, Soon Yong Khim, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Ho Shin Ryu, Sung Ok Chang, Kuem Sun Han
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(3):477-491.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.3.477
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was designed to construct a structural model for health promoting behavior in patients with chronic respiratory disease. A hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review. METHOD: Data was collected by questionnaires from 235 patients with chronic respiratory disease in a General Hospital in Seoul. Data analysis was done using SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and the PC-LISREL 8.13 Program for Covariance Structural Analysis. RESULT: The results are as follows : 1. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate. It was modified by excluding 2 path and including free parameters and 3 path to it. The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data(X2=80.20, P=0.05, GFI=0.95, AGFI=0.88, NNFI=0.95, NFI=0.96, RMSR=0.01, RMSEA =0.06). 2. The perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and a plan of action were found to have significant direct effects on the health promoting behavior in patients with chronic respiratory disease. 3. The health perception, self-esteem, and activity related to affect were found to have indirect effects on the health promoting behavior in patients with chronic respiratory disease. CONCLUSION: The modified model of this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting health promoting behavior in patients with chronic respiratory disease. Therefore, it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested direction in nursing practice.

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  • A Predictive Model of Health Promotion Behavior in Obese School-Age Children
    Mi Suk Jeon, Hyeon-Ok Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2010; 40(2): 264.     CrossRef
  • Exercise self-efficacy, exercise benefits and barriers, and commitment to a plan for exercise among Korean women with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis
    Yun Hee Shin, Hea Kung Hur, Nola J. Pender, Hee Jung Jang, Moon-Sil Kim
    International Journal of Nursing Studies.2006; 43(1): 3.     CrossRef
  • Test of the health promotion model as a causal model of commitment to a plan for exercise among Korean adults with chronic disease
    YunHee Shin, SangKyun Yun, Nola J. Pender, HeeJung Jang
    Research in Nursing & Health.2005; 28(2): 117.     CrossRef
  • Using methodological triangulation for cultural verification of commitment to a plan for exercise scale among Korean adults with chronic diseases
    YunHee Shin, Nola J. Pender, SangKyun Yun
    Research in Nursing & Health.2003; 26(4): 312.     CrossRef
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Influencing Factors on Social Adaptation of Chronic Mental Illness
Pyoung Sook Lee, Kuem Sun Han
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(2):340-340.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.2.340
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing social adaptation of chronic mental illness. The subjects of this study were 190 patients, over the age of 20 with chronic mental illness diagnosed by a physician, and living in Seoul, Korea during May, 2000 to December 2000. The instruments for this study were the social adaptation scale by Wallace (1979), the self-esteem scale by Rogenberg (1965), social support scale by ParkJiWon (1985), coping behavior scale by Shirley Zeitlin (1978), self efficacy scale by Sherer et. al (1982), and Rand mental health inventory(1979). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The level of social adaptation showed moderate (M=3.43). 2. The social adaptation showed significant positive correlation with self-esteem (r=0.39, p=0.00), self-efficacy (r=0.31, p=0.00), social support (r=0.47, p=0.00), self-productive coping (r=0.14, p=0.05), self-flexible coping (r=0.22, p=0.00), environment-active coping (r=0.21, p=0.00), and environment-flexible coping (r=0.14, p=0.04). The social adaptation showed significant negative correlation with anxiety (r=-0.16, p=0.02), and emotional problems (r=-0.18, p=-0.00). 3. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of social adaptation was social support (21%). A combination of social support, depression, behavioral controllability, self-efficacy, and environmental coping behavior accounted for 39% of the variance in social adaptation in chronic mental illness. From the results of this study, it is suggested to develop and apply a social adaptation training program for chronic mental illness.

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    Jeong-Suk Reu, Myung-Hee Kim, Chu-Young Jeong
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A Structural Model Based on Pender's Model for Quality of Life of Chronic Gastric Disease
Eun Sook Park, So In Kim, Pyoung Sook Lee, Soon Yong Khim, Sook Ja Lee, Young Joo Park, Ho Shin Ryu, Sung Ok Chang, Kuem Sun Han
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(1):107-125.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.1.107
AbstractAbstract PDF

This study was designed to construct a structural model for quality of life of chronic gastric disease. The hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review and Pender's health promotion model. Data were collected by questionnaires from 459 patients with chronic gastric disease in a General Hospital from July 1999 to August 2000 in Seoul. Data analysis was done with SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL 8.13 Program for Covariance structural analysis. The results are as follows : 1. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, thus it was modified by excluding 1 path and including free parameters and 2 path to it. The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data (Chi2=934.87, p<.0001, GFI=0.88, AGFI=0.83, NNFI=0.86, RMSR =0.02, RMSEA=0.07). 2. The perceived barrier, health promoting behavior, self-efficacy, and self-esteem were found to have significant direct effects on the quality of life. 3. The health concept, health perception, emotional state, and social support were found to have indirect effects on quality of life of chronic gastric disease. In conclusion, the derived model in this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting quality of life of chronic gastric disease. Therefore it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested direction in nursing practice.

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    Yun Hee Shin, Hea Kung Hur, Nola J. Pender, Hee Jung Jang, Moon-Sil Kim
    International Journal of Nursing Studies.2006; 43(1): 3.     CrossRef
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    Kuem Sun Han, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Young-Joo Park, Kang Hyun Cheol
    Nursing Research.2005; 54(2): 85???96.     CrossRef
  • Test of the health promotion model as a causal model of commitment to a plan for exercise among Korean adults with chronic disease
    YunHee Shin, SangKyun Yun, Nola J. Pender, HeeJung Jang
    Research in Nursing & Health.2005; 28(2): 117.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Quality of Life in People with Chronic Illness in Korea
    KuemSun Han, PyoungSook Lee, SookJa Lee, EunSook Park
    Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2003; 35(2): 139.     CrossRef
  • Using methodological triangulation for cultural verification of commitment to a plan for exercise scale among Korean adults with chronic diseases
    YunHee Shin, Nola J. Pender, SangKyun Yun
    Research in Nursing & Health.2003; 26(4): 312.     CrossRef
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Influencing Factors on Symptoms of Stress of Middle Aged Women
Kuem Sun Han, Pyoung Sook Lee, Yong Mi Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(6):1427-1436.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.6.1427
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factor on Symptoms of Stress of Middle Aged Women. The subjects of this study were 35 middle aged women who lives in Seattle, Washington in U.S, and 74 middle aged women who lives in Seoul. Data collection was performed at the University of Washington and Seoul from Oct. 1998 to May. 1999. Data collected through 4 types of questionnaires : SOS, Ways of Coping, Mood Status, Perceived Stress. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The stress symptoms showed positive correlation with emotion-oriented coping, mood status, and perceives stress. 2. Stepwised multiple regression analysis revealed that most powerful predictor of Stress Symptoms was mood status. A combination of perceived stress, mood status and ways of coping account for 64% of the variance in Symptoms of stress in Middle aged women. From the results of the study, the following recommendations are presented as follow: 1. It is necessary to replicate this study with a larger sample. 2. It is necessary to develop a stress management program focused on ways of coping, mood status, perceived stress for middle aged women.

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    Jihyun Oh, Sunghee Kim
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    Hae-Mi Kim
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    Eon Sook Lee, Ho Cheol Shin, Jun Hyung Lee, Yun Jun Yang, Jung Jin Cho, Gwiyeoroo Ahn, Yeong Sook Yoon, Eunju Sung
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A Prediction Model for Stage of Change of Exercise In the Korean Elderly: Based on the Transtheoretical Model
Soon Yong Kim, So In Kim, Young Ja Chun, Pyoung Sook Lee, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Sung Ok Chang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(2):366-379.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.2.366
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to identify causal relationships among variables of transtheoretical model for exercise in the elderly. A predictivel model explaining the stage of change was constructed based on a transtheoretical model. Empirical data for testing the hypothetical model was collected from 198 old adults over 60 years old in a community setting in Seoul, Korea in April and May,1999. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlational analysis using pc-SAS program. The Linear Structural Modeling (LISREL) 8.0 program was used to find the best fit model which predicts causal relationship of variables. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was X2=132.85. (df=22, p=.000). GFI=.88, NNFI=.35, NFI=.77, AGFI=.59 which was not favorable but the fit of modified model to the data was X2=46.90. (df=27, p=.01).GFI= .95, NNFI=.91, NFI=.92, AGFI=.87) which was more than moderate. The predictable variables of stage of change for exercise of the Korean elderly were helping relationship, self cognitive determination, conversion of negative condition in process of change and efficacy for exercise . These variables explained 68% of stage of change for exercise of the Korean elderly.

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  • Factors Associated with Stages of Exercise Behavior Change of Residents in a Community
    Kyung-Shin Paek
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2012; 23(3): 316.     CrossRef
  • Mediating Effects of Self-Efficacy in the Transtheoretical Model Among Adolescent Male Smokers in Korea
    Ok Kyung Ham, Jae Bok Yoo
    Asian Nursing Research.2009; 3(1): 15.     CrossRef
  • Korean adolescents' exercise behavior and its relationship with psychological variables based on stages of change model
    Y KIM
    Journal of Adolescent Health.2004; 34(6): 523.     CrossRef
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Process of Change Corresponding to the Stage of Change of Exercise in Elderly
Young Ja Chun, So In Kim, Pyoung Sook Lee, Soon Yong Kim, Sook Ja Lee, Eun Sook Park, Sung Ok Chang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(2):354-365.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.2.354
AbstractAbstract PDF

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the factors that change exercise behave. This study will also classify and identify the characteristics of excercise stages to which the elderly belong Also, to identify the processes of change which influence on the changes in exercise performed by the elderly.
Methods
Convenient samples of 198 subjects over the age 60 in Seoul Korea(mean age=70) were selected from elderly communities and were all mentally conpetant older adults. The data were collected from April 1,1999 to May 30, 1999. The research instruments were measured the change in exercise (Marcus et al., 1992b), such as Stage of Change measure(Marcus et al,1992a). The data were analyzed by SAS Program.
Results
1. According to the measure of change without missing data, 191 subjects were distributed each stage of change for exercise: 50 subjects (26.1%), 7 subjects (3.6%), 52 subjects (27.2%), 4 subjects (2%), and 78 (40.8%) belonged to the precontemplation stage, the contemplation stage, the preparation stage, the action stage and the maintenace stage. 2. According to the factor analysis, 6 factors of change were identified as appropriate processes of change and were named by the researchers. The names were; 'Supportive helping relationship', 'Self cognitive determination', 'Environmental reinforcement', Consciousness raising', Reinforcement of negative condition and 'Conversion of negative condition'. 3. According to the stage of change, there were significant mean differences in the 'Supportive helping relationship(F=22.04, p=.0001)', 'Self cognitive determination (F=50.87, p=.0001)', 'Reinforcement of negative condition(F=7.84,p=.0006)'. 4. Through the discriminant analysis, it was found that Self cognitive determination is the most influential variable as one of the processes of change which can discrimiate the three stages of change (precontemplation, preparation, and maintenance). Also the next significant variable was Reinforcement of negative condition.
Conclusion
The process of the dey change is one of concepts of The transtheoretical model known as strategies and the techniques people use as they go through the different stages of change. Even though this study is cross- sectional not longitudinal study, the finding of this study gives useful information for exercise intervention, by using this strategy of exercise for elderly in different stages of change in exercise.

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  • Influence of exercise self efficacy and perceived health status according to the stage of change for exercise behaviors in older adults
    Woo-Cheol Kim
    Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(11): 549.     CrossRef
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Theoretical Bases and Technical Application of Breathing Therapy in Stress Management
Pyoung Sook Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(6):1304-1313.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.6.1304
AbstractAbstract PDF

Breathing is essential for life and at the same time takes a role as a antidote for stress. In the Orient, it was recognized early that respiration, mind, and body have a relation that is inseparable and therefore proper breathing is so important. However, since the mechanism of therapeutic effect by breathing have not been verified, the treatment has been continued till recent years. From that which originated in the Orient, several techniques in the west have been developed to regulate breathing, and have been applying to the clinical situation and to studies, however scientific studies are still lacking. Recently, relaxed breathing has been used as an efficient strategy for breathing therapy as it has an effect on reducing physiological tension and arousal, and, therefore can be used as a basic technique to control or manage stress. In this study, in order to provide basic information and guidelines for clinical application, which will aid in the application of the theoretical basics of breathing therapy and its technique, a review of the literative was conducted. The findings are as follows: 1. Since proper breathing not only has, physically, the important function in supplying oxygen to the body but also gives a good emotional, or pleasant state of mind, it is the first step in controlling physical and mental health. 2. The basic types of breathing can be classified into two types; 'diaphragmatic breathing(relaxed breathing)' and 'chest breathing(stress breathing)'. In yoga type breathing, there are four kinds of breathing, 'upper breathing', 'mid breathing', 'down breathing', and 'complete breathing'. 3. The theoretical explanation of the positive thera peutic effect of breathing therapy techniques exemplifies good brain function, sufficient air flow through the nasal passages, diaphragmatic movement, light vagal stimulation, CO2 changes and cognitive diversion but in most studies, the hypothesis of CO2 is supported. 4. The technique of breathing is designated with many names according to the muscles and techniques used for breathing, and for control of stress, diaphragmatic breathing(relaxed breathing) is explained as a basic technique best used to manage of stress. 5. The relaxed-breathing includes slow diaphragmatic breathing, breath meditation, nasal breathing, yogic abdominal breathing, Benson's relaxed response, and quiet response.

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    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2009; 15(1): 32.     CrossRef
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A Study on the Burdens and Depressive Reactions on Families who Cared for Patients Suffering from Senile Dementia
Young Ja Kim, Pyoung Sook Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(4):766-779.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.4.766
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burdent on families who live with an elderly person suffering from senile dementia, and the degree of their depression. There were 400 participants in this study, staying in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas from August, 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Among the group, 100 participants took care of their patients at home, and another 300 participants left 100 patients at a day-care center, 100 sanatorium for senile dementia(asylum for helpless elderly people), 100 an infirmary for elderly people. Eventually 242 subjects out of the 400 were selected for the data analysis. The Zarit(1980) tool was employed to measure the degree of burden and Zung's(1965) "Self-Rating Depression Scale" was employed for the data analysis. The data was analyzed, and the percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were calculated. The results are as follows. 1. The average degree of burden that care-giving families felt was 49.13, which is somewhat high. 2. The average degree of depression that-giving families felt was 51.95, which is relatively high. 3. The degree of burden was directly affected by the relation with the patient(F=2.48, P<.05), and the socio-economic status of the family(F=5.17, P<.05). It's also affected by the patient's educational status(F=2.17, P<.05). 4. The degree of depression of the family was significantly dependent on sex(t=-2.05, P<.05), age(F=2.99, P<.05), the relationship with the patient(F=3.65, P<.01), socio-economic status(F=7.74, P<.001), occupation(t=2.82, P<.01), health status(F=4.42, P<.01), and the place of residence(F=4.30, P<.01). The patient characteristics was significantly dependent on his/her educational status(F=3.85, P<.01), the period of suffering from senile dementia(F=2.47, P<.05), and smoking habit(F=6.17, P<.001). 5. The relationship between the degree of burden and that of depression reads r=0.43, which is statistically positive correlation in the high significant level. Upon analyzing the entire summation, most care-giver for elderly patients suffering from senile dementia lack time in caring for themselves. They also experience chronic fatigue and mental discomfort caused by the isolation from society, curtailment of certain activities, a sense of responsibility of certain activities, a sense of responsibility for their patients, and limits of their endurance in taking care of their patients over time. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the necessity for the following propositions : 1. In order to measure the degree of burden that Korean care-giving families undergo, a new tool must be developed on the basis of Korean culture. 2. An educational program based on the demands that care-giving families undergo must e developed, and its clinical effect also has to be examined.

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    Hwasoon Kim
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A Study of Factors Influencing Health Promoting Behavior and Quality of life in the Elderly
Eun Sook Park, Soon Ja Kim, So In Kim, Young Ja Chun, Pyoung Sook Lee, Haeng Ja Kim, Kuem Sun Han
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1998;28(3):638-649.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1998.28.3.638
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health promoting behavior and quality of life in the elderly, to provide the basic data for health promoting intervention in order to improve quality of life. The subjects of this study were 51 elderly person over the age of 65, living in Seoul, Korea, during the period from November, 1997 to January, 1998. The instruments for this study were the health promoting behavior scale developed by Walker et (1987), the quality of life scale by RoyouJa(1988), the health concept scale by Laffrey(1986), the perceived health states scale by Lawston et al. (1992), the health value scale by Walston et al.(1978), the self esteem scale by Rogenberg(1965) and self efficacy scale by Sherer(1982). The instruments of this using descriptive statistics, t-test, Person correlation coefficients ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The health promoting behavior showed significant positive correlation with health concept perception of health status, self esteem, internal health locus of control, self efficacy and quality of life in the elderly. 2. The quality of life showed significant positive correlation with health concept, perception of health status, self esteem, internal health locus of control, self efficacy in the elderly. 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting behavior was quality of life. A combination of quality of life, health concept, perceived health status, self esteem, internal health locus of control, and self esteem, internal health locus, and self efficacy accounted for 46% of the variance in health promoting behavior in the elderly. 4. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of quality of life in the elderly was self esteem. A combination of self esteem. health concept, perceived health status, health promoting behavior and self efficacy account for 56% of the variance in quality of life in the elderly. From the results of the study, the following recommendations are presented as follow : 1. Development of a health promoting program to improve quality of life in the elderly. 2. In developing the health promoting, the above major influencing factors be considered. 3. It is suggested that an education specialist in practice in the community be include in the program development.

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    Angela Guarino, Cristina Polini, Giuseppe Forte, Francesca Favieri, Ilaria Boncompagni, Maria Casagrande
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    Min Kyung Nam, Doo In Lee, Oh Jung Kwon
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    Han-Na Kim, In-Young Ku, Seon-Jeong Moon
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    Hye-Ryoung Kim, Kasil Oh, Kyong-Ok Oh, Sun-Ock Lee, Sook-Ja Lee, Jeong-Ah Kim, Hoa-Yun Jun, Jung-Hee Kang
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(5): 694.     CrossRef
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    Sook‐Young Kim, Eun‐Young Jeon, Sohyune R. Sok, Kwuy‐Bun Kim
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    KuemSun Han, PyoungSook Lee, SookJa Lee, EunSook Park
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  • HEALTH-PROMOTING BEHAVIORS OF Older Adults Compared to Young and Middle-Aged Adults in Korea
    Mee Ock Gu, Young Eun
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Effects of a Postpartum Back Pain Relief Program for Korean Women
Hyun Ei Oh, Young Sook Lee, Mi Jung Shim, Jin Sun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(2):163-170.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.2.163
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Despite the high prevalence of back pain and its subsequent effects in post-partum women, intervention programs are scarce. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of a back-pain-reducing program on post-partum women who experienced low-back pain during pregnancy.

Methods

A non-equivalent control-group pretest-posttest design was used. Pregnant women who attended a hospital for prenatal check-ups and experienced back pain participated in an intervention program (n=27), and the results were compared with women in a control group from another hospital (n=25).

Results

At 8 weeks post-partum, the pain intensity, functional limitations were lower in the intervention group than in the control group. However, differences in mean change of the pain intensity and functional limitations between 36 and 39 weeks of gestation and at 8 weeks post-partum were not statistically significant between the groups. Moreover, the flexibility, post-partum functional status, and post-partum depression did not differ significantly between the groups.

Conclusions

A back-pain-relief program in this study was not effective to reduce the back-pain intensity in post-partum women and to decrease the associated functional limitations. The implications for nursing practice and directions for future research are discussed.

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    Francesca Wuytack, Maggie O’Donovan
    Chiropractic & Manual Therapies.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jeong-Hee Kang, Kyung-Sook Bang, Sung-Hee Ko
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2009; 15(1): 120.     CrossRef
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Influencing Factors on File-up Stress of Family Caregivers with a Family Member having a Chronic Mental Illness
Kuem Sun Han, Pyoung Sook Lee, Eun Sook Park, Young Joo Park, Ho Shin Rhyu, Hyun Chul Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(3):586-594.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.3.586
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing file-up family stress in the family with a family member having a chronic mental illness.

Method

Data was collected by questionnaires from 365 families with a member having a chronic mental illness, in an outpatient clinic of a General Hospital and Government Psychiatric Hospital in Seoul. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression.

Result

The score of file-up stress showed a significantly negative correlation with the score of level of hardiness (r=-.31, p=.00), family support (r=-.13, p=.00), family cohesion (r=-.25, p=.00), and sense of coherence (r=-.26, p=.00). The most powerful predictor of file-up stress was family hardiness and the variance was 11.1%. A combination of hardiness, family support, and sense of coherence account for 14.8 % of the variance in file-up stress of the family with a member having a chronic mental illness.

Conclusion

This study suggests that family support, hardiness, cohesion, and sense of coherence are significant influencing factors on file-up stress inthe family with a member having a chronic mental illness.

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The Relationship of Stress, Social Support and Depression in the Elderly
Pyoung Sook Lee, Yong Mi Lee, Ji Young Lim, Ra IL Hwang, Eun Young Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(3):477-484.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.3.477
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was to identify the relationship between stress, social support and depression in the elderly.

Method

The subjects were 283 elderly adults over 60 in Seoul. Data was collected by questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling. The instruments used in this study are the ELSI developed by Aldwin(1990), the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List developed by Cohen & Hoberman (1983), and the Geriatric Depression Scale by Yesavage & Brink(1982). Data was analyzed by the SAS program, using descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and progressed Multiple Regression.

Result

The relationship between stress and depression had a positive correlation (r= 0.33), but the relationship between stress and social support had no significant correlations. The relationship between social support and depression had a negative correlation (r= -0.38). The most powerful predictor of depression was the economic status and then a combination of stress, and social support account for 39% of the variance in depression in the elderly.

Conclusion

These results suggested that stress and social support deficits can be potential risk factors in old age depression. Therefore, these findings give useful information for constructing an intervention program focused on depression in the elderly.

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Correlational Study among Anger, Perceived Stress and Mental Health Status in Middle Aged Women
Pyoung Sook Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(6):856-864.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.6.856
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was to identify the relationships of trait anger, mode of anger expression, and perceived stress to mental health status in middle aged women.

Method

The subjects were 157 middle aged women from 40s to 60s who lived in Seoul. Data was collected by questionnaire surveys using the convenience sampling. The instruments used for this study were Spielberger's trait anger scale and anger expression scale, Cohen, Kamarck, and Mermelstein's perceived stress and Derogatis's SCL-90-R. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression with SAS/PC.

Result

The trait anger of middle aged women indicated a significantly positive correlation to perceived stress(r=.180, p=.023) and mental health status(r.=021, p=.014). Anger-in(r=.237, p<.05), and perceived stress(p=.461, p<.01) showed significantly positive correlation to mental health status. The most significant predictor influencing health status of middle aged women was perceived stress, and anger-in and the variance explained was 27%.

Conclusion

These results suggested that middle aged women with high degree of trait anger is likely to be high in stress perception. Perceived stress and anger-in are major factors influencing mental health status.

Citations

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Experience of Spiritual Conflict in Hospice Nurses: A Phenomenological Study
Byoung Sook Lee, Su Young Kwak
J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(1):98-109.   Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.1.98
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This aim of this phenomenological study was to describe and understand the experience of spiritual conflict in hospice nurses by identifying the meanings and structures of the experience.

Methods

Participants were 12 nurses working for one year or more at hospice units of general hospitals in a metropolitan city and experiencing of spiritual conflict as hospice nurses. Over six months data were collected using individual in-depth interviews and analyzed with the method suggested by Colaizzi.

Results

The experience of spiritual conflict in participants was organized into three categories, six theme-clusters, and 13 themes. The participants felt existential anxiety on death and a fear of death which is out of human control and skepticism for real facts of human beings facing death. They also experienced agitation of fundamental beliefs about life with agitation of the philosophy of life guiding themselves and mental distress due to fundamental questions that are difficult to answer. Also they had distress about poor spiritual care with guilty feelings from neglecting patients' spiritual needs and difficulties in spiritual care due to lack of practical competencies.

Conclusion

Findings indicate the experience of spiritual conflict in hospice nurses is mainly associated with frequent experience of death in hospice patients. The experience of spiritual conflict consisted of existential anxiety, agitation of fundamental beliefs and distress over poor spiritual care. So, programs to help relieve anxiety, agitation and distress are necessary to prevent spiritual conflict and then spiritual burnout in hospice nurses.

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Effects of an Integrated Internet Addiction Prevention Program on Elementary Students' Self-regulation and Internet Addiction
So Youn Mun, Byoung Sook Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(2):251-261.   Published online April 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.251
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated internet addiction prevention program and test its effects on the self-regulation and internet addiction of elementary students who are at risk for internet addiction.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were assigned to the experimental group (n=28) or control group (n=28). Contents of the program developed in this study included provision of information about internet addiction, interventions for empowerment and methods of behavioral modification. A pre-test and two post-tests were done to identify the effects of the program and their continuity. Effects were testified using Repeated measures ANOVA, simple effect analysis, and Time Contrast.

Results

The self-regulation of the experimental group after the program was significantly higher than the control group. The score for internet addiction self-diagnosis and the internet use time in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group.

Conclusion

The effects of the integrated internet addiction prevention program for preventing internet addiction in elementary students at risk for internet addiction were validated.

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