Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Paper

Factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students: an ecological model: a descriptive study: Jeong Soon Yu, Myung Soon Kwon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2025;55(1):64-80. Published online February 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24092

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose
This study investigated the factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students using an ecological model and descriptive research.
Methods
Data were collected from 482 students at 13 universities in the six regions in South Korea from October 20, 2020, to March 25, 2021. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression.
Results
The significant ecological factors influencing smartphone overdependence included self-awareness of smartphone overdependence (β=.33, p<.001), autonomy (β=–.25, p<.001), average daily smartphone usage time (β=.18, p<.001), gender (β=.15, p=.001), college year (β=.15, p=.020), forming relationships with others as a motivation for smartphone use (β=–.15, p=.008), friend support (β=.14, p=.006), and age (β=–.12, p=.047). The model explained 34.9% of the variance.
Conclusion
The study emphasized the role of personal and interpersonal factors, in smartphone overdependence among university students. Tailored intervention strategies are necessary to address smartphone overdependence, considering the unique characteristics of students’ environments. A significant aspect of this study is that it provides an explanation of the multidimensional factors contributing to smartphone overdependence among university students, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental influences.

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Original Articles

Development and Effect of a Smartphone Overdependence Prevention Program for University Students Based on Self-Determination Theory: Myung Soon Kwon, Jeong Soon Yu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):116-131. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.116

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

This study aimed to develop a smartphone overdependence prevention program for college students based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and evaluate its effectiveness.

Methods:

A non-equivalent control group repeated measures design was used for the study. Participants were 64 university freshmen (experimental group: 29, control group: 35). The developed program consists of eight sessions conducted twice a week. The program was designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness the three elements of the basic psychological needs of self-determination theory. The participants were assessed before the program, immediately after, and 1 and 3 months after the program. Data were collected from April 23 to September 14, 2018 and analyzed by performing a Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 23.0.

Results:

This study showed improvement in the basic psychological needs (F=3.90, p=.010) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, competence (F=2.93, p=.035), relatedness (F=2.89, p=.045), and self-regulatory ability (F=3.11, p=.028) improved significantly.

Conclusion

Study findings indicate that the smartphone overdependence prevention program based on the Self-determination theory could be an effective intervention for improving basic psychological needs and self-regulation ability. Therefore, this program could be an efficient strategy for smartphone overdependence prevention in university students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students: an ecological model: a descriptive study
Jeong Soon Yu, Myung Soon Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 64. CrossRef
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Experience of Role Adaptation from Nurse to Member of the Nursing Faculty: Kwang-Ok Park, Jong Kyung Kim, Mi Yu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(2):168-182. Published online April 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.168

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate the experience of role adaptation from nurse to member of the nursing faculty.

Methods

Data were collected from 13 members of a nursing faculty through in-depth interviews. The main question asked was "Could you describe your experience from being a nurse to becoming a member of the nursing faculty?" Qualitative data from the field and transcribed notes were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology.

Results

The core experiential category of role adaptation from nurse to member of the nursing faculty was 'striving for survival from culture shock'. The participants used the following three interactional strategies: 'recognizing everything and entering the school environment', 'self-reflection on being a professor and integration of experiences', and 'finding a way of adapting'.

Conclusion

The participants tried to adapt to life as a professor and reflected on and integrated their experiences into their new life on the faculty. College faculty need to understand the impact of changes and challenges faced by new professors during role adaptation and to support this adaptation through mentorship and organized orientation programs.

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A Study on Sexual Behavior, and Correlation between Knowledge of Contraception and Attitude of Contraception among University Students: Myung Haeng Hur, Hye Young Ahn, Eun Ah Kwak, Kyung Mi Kim, Ji Young Park, Jea Ill Ra Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(3):267-275. Published online April 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.3.267

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to describe sexual behavior and understand the correlation between knowledge and attitude of contraception and provide preliminary data to develop a sex education program.

Method

The subjects of this study were 400 university students. Data was collected from November 14 to 20,2005 by using structured questionnaires.

Result

The percent of subjects that experienced sexual intercourse was 32%. The respondents' score of knowledge of contraception was a mean score of 15.33 on a scale of 20 and there were significant differences in major departments, existence or nonexistence of sexual intercourse and sexual knowledge. The respondents' score of attitude of contraception was a mean score of 40.98 on a scale of 60 and there were significant differences in sex. There was no significant correlation between knowledge and attitude of contraception.

Conclusion

A sex education program that uses practical knowledge and attitude of contraception to prevent conception should be developed rather than the present sex education that only attaches schoolbook knowledge.

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