Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Papers

An Analysis of Tasks of Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19 in a Nationally-Designated Inpatient Treatment Unit: Jung, Minho , Kim, Moon-Sook , Lee, Joo-Yeon , Lee, Kyung Yi , Park, Yeon-Hwan; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(4):391-406. Published online August 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22056

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to provide foundational knowledge on nursing tasks performed on patients with COVID-19 in a nationally-designated inpatient treatment unit.
Methods
This study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative method investigated the content and frequency of nursing tasks for 460 patients (age ≥ 18y, 57.4% men) from January 20, 2020, to September 30, 2021, by analyzing hospital information system records. Qualitative data were collected via focus group interviews. The study involved interviews with three focus groups comprising 18 nurses overall to assess their experiences and perspectives on nursing care during the pandemic from February 3, 2022, to February 15, 2022. The data were examined with thematic analysis.
Results
Overall, 49 different areas of nursing tasks (n = 130,687) were identified based on the Korean Patient Classification System for nurses during the study period. Among the performed tasks, monitoring of oxygen saturation and measuring of vital signs were considered high-priority. From the focus group interview, three main themes and eleven sub-themes were generated. The three main themes are “Experiencing eventfulness in isolated settings,” “All-around player,” and “Reflections for solutions.” Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to ensure adequate staffing levels, compensation, and educational support for nurses. The study further propose improving guidelines for emerging infectious diseases and patient classification systems to improve the overall quality of patient care.

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Exploring Nursing Care for Patients With COVID-19 Using International Classification for Nursing Practice–Based Nursing Records
Sumi Sung, Hyesil Jung, Youlim Kim
CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2024; 42(2): 127. CrossRef
Burnout among Nurses in COVID-19 Designated Units Compared with Those in General Units Caring for Both COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Patients
Kyung Ah Woo, Eun Kyoung Yun, JiSun Choi, Hye Min Byun
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 374. CrossRef
A Systematic Review of the Functional Ingredients and Physiological Activities of Taraxacum coreanum Nakai
In-Seo Yoo, Ae-Jung Kim
Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology.2023; 21(4): 719. CrossRef

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Job Analysis of Nurse Care Coordinators for Chronic Illness Management in Primary Care Settings: Using Developing a Curriculum Process: Hwang, Ju-Hee , Choi, Yong-Jun , Kim, Mi-Sook , Yi, Seng-Eun , Park, Yong-Soon , Kim, Ji-Hyang , Yoon, Ju-Young , Shin, Dong-Soo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(6):758-768. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21065

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to conduct a job analysis of nurse carecoordinators and to identify the frequency, importance and difficulty of each task of their job.
Methods
A committee for developing a curriculum (DACUM) was formed and members of the committee defined nurse care coordinators’ jobs and enumerated the duties, tasks and task elements by applying the DACUM technique. Then nurse care coordinators enrolled in the pilot project evaluated the frequency, importance and difficulty of each task.
Results
From the job descriptions of nurse care coordinators, we identified 12 duties and 42 tasks. Each task comprised 1~5 task elements. Among tasks, ‘assess the patient’s general health status’ was carried out most frequently. Nurse care coordinators perceived that ‘check vital signs’ and ‘strengthen patient competence to promote health behaviors’ were more important than all other tasks. The most difficult task was ‘develop professionalism as a nurse care coordinator’.
Conclusion
The nurse care coordinators' roles developed in this study will serve as the key guidelines for human resource management of care coordinators. Further, job specifications for nurse care coordinators need to be developed, which is necessary for designing education and training programs. We also need to integrate primary health care as an essential component in nursing education.

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Job Analysis of Nurses Working at Dementia Care Centers Using DACUM
Yong-Sun Shin, Jong-Eun Lee
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2025; 36: 21. CrossRef
Job analysis of vaccination health workers at public health centers and sub‐centers
No‐Yai Park, Chung‐Min Cho, Eun‐Hyun Lee, Jeong‐Mo Park, Young‐Ran Lee, Jeong‐Ik Hong, Geun‐Yong Kwon
Public Health Nursing.2024; 41(4): 723. CrossRef
Development and Analysis of the Job Description for Dementia Care Center Nurses in Korea Using Developing a Curriculum (DACUM)
Hana Ko, SuJung Jung
Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2023; 49(10): 29. CrossRef
Analysis of flow rate and pressure in syringe-based wound irrigation using Bernoulli's equation
Hanna Lee, Ye-kyung Lee, Ji-Yun Park, Jeong-won Han
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Preliminary Study for the Curriculum Development of Community Care Coordinators: Educational Needs Analysis
Han Nah Park, Ju Young Yoon, Soong-Nang Jang, Hye Jin Nam
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(2): 153. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Prediction Model for Nursing Work Outcome of Nurses - Focused on Positive Psychological Capital: Soon Neum Lee, Jung A Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):1-13. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.1

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model on nursing work outcomes based on Youssef and Luthans’ positive psychological capital and integrated conceptual framework of work performance.

Methods:

This study used a structured questionnaire administered to 340 nurses. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results:

Positive psychological capital showed indirect and direct effects on job satisfaction, retention intention, organizational citizenship behavior, and nursing performance. While, the nursing work environment had direct and indirect effects on job satisfaction and nursing performance, it only had indirect effects on intention to work and organizational citizenship behavior. Additionally, a mediating effect on retention intention and organizational citizenship behavior was found between job satisfaction and nursing performance variables.

Conclusion:

The nursing organization needs to build a supportive work environment and reinforce positive psychological capital to improve nursing performance. Additionally, it needs to actively manage the necessary parameters involved in the stages of job satisfaction, retention intention, nursing performance, and organizational citizenship behavior of nurses. The findings propose the continuous management of nursing personnel based on nurses’ attitude outcome, behavioral intention, behavioral outcome, and stage of role performance.

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Social Support and Psychological Capital Mediate the Effect of Personalities on the Mental Health of Professional Staff in China During COVID-19 Pandemic
Yongcheng Yao, Jie Tang, Zhenzhen Li, Shuyan Chen, Haixia Du, Lingeng Lu
Psychology Research and Behavior Management.2024; Volume 17: 3443. CrossRef
Individual‐level positive psychological capital that enhances managers' transformational leadership effectiveness on nurse career success
Sujin Jung, Kihye Han, Kyeongsug Kim
International Nursing Review.2024; 71(4): 977. CrossRef
Effect of Transition Shock on Intention to Stay in Newly Graduated Nurses : The Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital
Hyuna Kam, Chanhee Kim, Yeonok Yoon, Heeyoung Shin, Junghwa Lee, Myoungohk Kim
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(3): 25. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Nursing Performance of Intensive Care Unit Nurses: Role of Clinical Reasoning Competence, Positive Psychological Capital, and Nursing Work Environment
MiRim Heo, Haena Jang
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(2): 83. CrossRef
Effect of positive psychological capital on burnout in public hospital nurses: Mediating effect of compassion fatigue is greater than compassion satisfaction
Sin Ah Kim, Sung Reul Kim, Hye Young Kim
Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior among nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic: mediation of organizational commitment
Li Zeng, Fen Feng, Man Jin, Wanqing Xie, Xin Li, Lan Li, Yihang Peng, Jialin Wang
BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of Nurses’ Workplace Bullying, Social Interaction Anxiety and Positive Psychological Capital on Nursing Performance
Hyang Mi Kim, Sun Hee Jang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(3): 331. CrossRef
BİLİNÇLİ FARKINDALIK VE ÇALIŞAN İYİ OLUŞU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: HEMŞİRELER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Emrehan KÜÇÜK, Selin METİN CAMGÖZ
Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Moderating Effect of Organizational Justice on the Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Nursing Performance in Clinical Nurses
Ju-Ra Kim, Yukyung Ko, Youngjin Lee, Chun-Ja Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(5): 511. CrossRef
Effects of Positive Psychological Capital, Job Crafting and Job Satisfaction on Intention of Retention in Hospital Nurses
Eun-Ah Lee, Yeongmi Ha
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(5): 586. CrossRef
Investigation of the relationship between psychological resilience and job performance in Turkish nurses during the Covid‐19 pandemic in terms of descriptive characteristics
Haydar Hoşgör, Mevlüt Yaman
Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(1): 44. CrossRef
How Nurses Perceived Their Work-Environments and Its Related Nursing Management Perspectives during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Investigatory Study
Elsa Vitale
Psych.2022; 4(4): 747. CrossRef
Influence of gender role conflict, resilience, and nursing organizational culture on nursing work performance among clinical nurses
Ji Eon Han, Nam Hee Park, Jeonghyun Cho
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(3): 248. CrossRef
Influences of Type D Personality, Positive Psychological Capital, and Emotional Labor on the Burnout of Psychiatric Nurses
Seung Mi Park, Myung Ha Lee, Ji Young Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2020; 29(2): 133. CrossRef

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Development of a Task Performance Evaluation Instrument for Clinical Nurses: Hyun Ok Paik, Sang Sook Han, Sang Chul Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(1):95-103. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.1.95

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument of task performance evaluation for clinical nurses, thus testing the validity and the reliability of the scale.

Method

Data was collected from 84 Head Nurses and 255 General Nurses. A conceptual framework, composed of 4 factors of meaning in task performance evaluation, was identified through review of the relevant literature. A total of 78 items were developed and were used on a five-point likert scale. Through factor analysis, items whose factor loading was below 0.50 were deleted, thus 35 items remained. To test the validity and reliability of the instrument, the SPSS 11.0 windows program was used.

Result

The results of the factor analysis indicated that 4 factors were classified and the cumulative percent of variance was 67.54%. The results of the reliability test indicated that Cronbach's coefficient of the total 35 items was over 0.9176. The results of the factor analysis indicated that factor loadings of all items was over 0.50. Conclusively, the validity and the reliability of the scale were proven.

Conclusion

This study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

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Relationship between hospital ethical climate, critical thinking disposition, and nursing task performance
Seul-Ki Park, Yeo-Won Jeong
BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Mediating Effect of Humanism on the Relationship between Task Performance Competence and Holistic Nursing Competence for Clinical Nurses
Junghee Yu, Taehui Kim, Hyesun Kim
Healthcare.2023; 11(13): 1953. CrossRef
Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Holistic Nursing Competence Scale
Kawoun Seo, Taejeong Jang, Taehui Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(12): 7244. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Nursing Performance for Patients after Attempted Suicide among Clinical Nurses
Young Hee Kang, Yujeong Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 441. CrossRef
Effects on Triage Competency Based on Nursing Task Performance and Self-Efficacy of Nurses in Regional Emergency Medical Institutions
Su Jin Kim, Su Ol Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2022; 34(3): 304. CrossRef
Development of Program Outcome Self-Assessment Tool in Korean Nursing Baccalaureate Education
Hyun-Kyoung Kim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2015; 21(2): 215. CrossRef

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Influence of Nurses' Self-leadership on Individual and Team Members' Work Role Performance: Se Young Kim, Eun-Kyung Kim, Byungsoo Kim, Eunpyo Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(3):338-348. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.338

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine correlations between nurses' self-leadership and individual work role performance and correlations between self-leadership in nursing units and team members' work role performance.

Methods

Participants were 202 conveniently selected general nurses from 5 general hospitals in Korea. The study was carried out on 35 nursing units. Data were collected during February 2015 with self-report questionnaires.

Results

For factors affecting individual work role performance, self-expectation, self-goal setting, constructive thought, clinical career in the present nursing unit and marital status accounted for 44.0% of proficiency, while self-expectation, self-goal setting, constructive thought, and marital status accounted for 42.3% of adaptivity. Self-expectation, self-goal setting, constructive thought, self-reward, clinical career in the present nursing unit and position accounted for 26.4% of proactivity. In terms of team members' work role performance, self-reward and self-expectation in nursing units explained 29.0% of team members' proficiency. Self-reward and self-expectation in nursing units explained 31.6% of team members' adaptivity, and self-reward in nursing units explained 16.8% of team members' proactivity.

Conclusion

The results confirm that nurses' self-leadership affects not only individual self-leadership but also team members' work role performance. Accordingly, to improve nurses' work role performance in nursing units of nursing organizations, improvement in nursing environment based on self-leadership education is necessary and nurses' tasks rearranged so they can appreciate work-autonomy and challenges of work.

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Conghuan Zhao, Yuan Wang
Studies in Higher Education.2025; 50(3): 615. CrossRef
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Evan A. Reichard, Daniel J. Smith, Rebecca J. Reichard, Jeffery D. Houghton
Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies.2025; 32(2): 149. CrossRef
Effects of Preceptors’ Clinical Teaching Behavior on the Field Adaptation of New Graduate Nurses: Mediating Effects of Self-Leadership and Resilience
Eunjung Kim, Eungyung Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 577. CrossRef
RETRACTED: Association of Self-Leadership With Acute Stress Responses and Acute Stress Disorders in Chinese Medics During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Rongjian Ji, Lan Zhang, Yanbo Ji, Guangzhao Li, Renxiu Wang, Cuiping Xu
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Nompumelelo Ntshingila, Charlene Downing, Marie Hastings‐Tolsma
Nursing Forum.2021; 56(2): 404. CrossRef
Impact of self‐efficacy on the self‐leadership of nursing preceptors: The mediating effect of job embeddedness
Hyunju Kim, Kisook Kim
Journal of Nursing Management.2019; 27(8): 1756. CrossRef
Factors related to Self-leadership of Korean Clinical Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Kyoung-Hee Yu, Hyunyoung Park, Keum-Seong Jang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2018; 24(5): 410. CrossRef

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Current Status of Home Visit Programs: Activities and Barriers of Home Care Nursing Services: Eui Geum Oh, Hyun Joo Lee, Yukyung Kim, Ji Hyun Sung, Young-Su Park, Jae Yong Yoo, Soohee Woo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(5):742-751. Published online October 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.5.742

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the current status of home care nursing services provided by community health nurses and to identify barriers to the services.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted with three types of community health care nurses. Participants were 257 nurses, 46 of whom were hospital based home care nurses, 176 were community based visiting nurses, and 35 were long term care insurance based visiting nurses. A structured questionnaire on 7 domains of home care nursing services with a 4-point Likert scale was used to measure activities and barriers to care. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 21.0 program.

Results

Hospital based home care nurses showed a high level of service performance activity in the domain of clinical laboratory tests, medications and injections, therapeutic nursing, and education. Community based visiting nurses had a high level of service performance in the reference domain. Long term care insurance based visiting nurses showed a high level of performance in the service domains of fundamental nursing and counseling.

Conclusion

The results show that although health care service provided by the three types of community health nurse overlapped, the focus of the service is differentiated. Therefore, these results suggest that existing home care services will need to be utilized efficiently in the development of a new nursing care service for patients living in the community after hospital discharge.

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Baosheng Zhao, Xiaoman Zhang, Rendong Huang, Mo Yi, Xiaofei Dong, Zhenxiang Li
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PLOS ONE.2021; 16(3): e0248474. CrossRef
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Moon-Sook Hwang, Hak Young Park, Soo Jung Chang
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(2): 143. CrossRef
Perceptions of Adequacy and Job Performance of Nurse Assistant Nursing Jobs according to Registered Nurses and Nurse Assistants in Geriatric Hospitals, and Caregivers
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(4): 384. CrossRef

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Development and Application of a Performance Prediction Model for Home Care Nursing Based on a Balanced Scorecard using the Bayesian Belief Network: Wonjung Noh, GyeongAe Seomun; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(3):429-438. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.3.429

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for home care nursing (HCN) based on a balanced scorecard, and to construct a performance prediction model of strategic objectives using the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN).

Methods

This methodological study included four steps: establishment of KPIs, performance prediction modeling, development of a performance prediction model using BBN, and simulation of a suggested nursing management strategy. An HCN expert group and a staff group participated. The content validity index was analyzed using STATA 13.0, and BBN was analyzed using HUGIN 8.0.

Results

We generated a list of KPIs composed of 4 perspectives, 10 strategic objectives, and 31 KPIs. In the validity test of the performance prediction model, the factor with the greatest variance for increasing profit was maximum cost reduction of HCN services. The factor with the smallest variance for increasing profit was a minimum image improvement for HCN. During sensitivity analysis, the probability of the expert group did not affect the sensitivity. Furthermore, simulation of a 10% image improvement predicted the most effective way to increase profit.

Conclusion

KPIs of HCN can estimate financial and non-financial performance. The performance prediction model for HCN will be useful to improve performance.

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