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Research Paper
Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of Assessment of Health Literacy in Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening
Shin, Hye Sook , Chi, Eunlim , Han, Hae-Ra
J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(6):769-781.   Published online December 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21108
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
Health literacy is a significant determinant of health and health behaviors such as cancer screening. Despite its significance, there are limited instruments available to assess health literacy targeting Koreans. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of Korean translation of a validated health literacy instrument in cancer screening—Korean version of assessment of health literacy in breast and cervical cancer screening (K-AHL-C).
Methods
A total of 555 women aged 20~65 participated in the online survey study. Of 52 items addressing five domains included in the original version, we focused on 36 items addressing three key domains closely associated with cancer screening: familiarity, health navigation, and comprehension.
Results
During content validation, two items from the health navigation domain were removed, yielding 34 items. Using Rasch analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, we found the evidence of construct validity of K-AHL-C. The Korean version was also significantly correlated with measures of Functional Health Literacy scale, cancer prevention behaviors, and subjective health status, suggesting convergent validities respectively. Finally, K-AHL-C had acceptable reliability coefficients (α) ranging from 0.71 to 0.92 for each domain and the total scale.
Conclusion
These psychometric properties support the K-AHL-C is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring Koreans’ health literacy in cancer screening. Also it is expected to use the instrument to detect breast and cervical cancer early and improve the screening rate, and ultimately to contribute to the promotion of women's health and women's health nursing practice.

Citations

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  • Associations and gender differences between OHI-seeking behaviors and eHealth literacy among Chinese university students
    Jie Chen, Hua Tian
    Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Health Information Seeking Pathways and Factors Influencing Health Literacy Among Cancer Patients: Based on Data from the 2nd Korean Health Panel 2021
    Yun-La Hur, Eun-Jeong Hong
    Asian Oncology Nursing.2024; 24(3): 155.     CrossRef
  • A Psychometric Validation of the Korean Version of Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale for Nursing Students
    Sung Hae Kim
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(4): 2804.     CrossRef
  • Health literacy measures in South Korea: A scoping review
    Heeran Chun, Su Hyun Kim, Eunja Park
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2022; 39(4): 39.     CrossRef
  • Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Climate, Health, and Nursing Tool
    Da Woon Jeong, Gwang Suk Kim, Min Kyung Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(2): 173.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Assessing Decisional Balance toward Mammography Screening in Korean Women
Young Joo Park, Sung Ok Chang, Hyun Cheol Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(7):1174-1180.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.7.1174
AbstractAbstract PDF

This cross-sectional survey was carried out to assess the decisional balance of Korean women toward mammography screening. A sample of 1, 903 naturally postmenopausal women was selected from the community-based social groups in town or city hall auxiliaries in seven metropolitan areas and six provinces in Korea. The classification of women according to the stage of adoption of mammography was 54.9% in pre-contemplation, 31.9% in contemplation, 7.8% in action, and 5.5% in maintenance. The mean differences of pros, cons, and the decisional balance by the stage of mammography adoption were statistically significant. There were significant mean differences between the stages of adoption according to a woman's experience with and intention for mammography and the pros score, the cons score, and the decisional balance score. Results provide the empirical evidence for the Transtheoretical model. An association between stages of mammography adoption and decisional balance exists.

Citations

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  • Analyzing paths from online health information seeking to colorectal cancer screening using health literacy skills frame and cognitive mediation model
    Seok Won Jin, Yeonggeul Lee, David A. Dia
    Patient Education and Counseling.2019; 102(3): 416.     CrossRef
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A study of the Stage of Change and Decisional balance: Exercise Acquisition, Smoking Cessation, Mammography Screening and Kegel's Exercise Acquisition in Korea
Sung Ok Chang, Young Joo Park, Chang Seung Park, Yeo Jin Lim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(5):1265-1278.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.5.1265
AbstractAbstract PDF

This study was carried out to assess the perception of decisional balance of Korean subjects about 4 health behaviors and to identify the influencing factor of decisional balance for exercise acquisition, smoking cessation, mammography screening and Kegel's exercise acquisition. All are representative health behaviors nurses can intervene in Korea based on the Transtheoretical model. Convenient samples of 2,484 subjects (191; exercise, 169; smoking cessation, 1903; mammography screening and 221; Kegel's exercise) were selected from cities and counties over 9 provinces throughout Korea, and the data was collected from January 1, 1999 to February 29, 2000. The research instrument were the Decisional Balance Measure for Exercise (Marcus & Owen., 1992), Smoking Cessation (Velicer et al., 1985), Mammography Screening (Rakowski et al.,1992) and Kegel Exercise (Lim, 1999) and Stage of Change Measure for Exercise (Marcus et al, 1992), Smoking Cessation (DiClemente et al., 1991), Mammography Screening (Rakowski et al.,1992) and Kegel's Exercise (Lim, 1999). The data was analyzed by the SAS Program. The results are as follows; 1. According to the stage of change measure, 2,484 subjects were distributed in each stage of change for four health behaviors: 1,233 subjects (49.8%), 745 subjects (30.2%), 113 subjects (4.7%), 156 subjects (6.5%), and 216 (8.7%) belonged to the pre- contemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage. They were all series of stages of change in their efforts to do health behavior. 2. Factor analysis identified 3 factors (1 of Pros, 2 of Cons) for the exercise, 4 factors for smoking cessation (2 of Pros, 2 of Cons), 2 factors (1 of Pros, 1 of Cons) for the mammogram screening and 2 factors (1 of Pros, 1 of Cons) for Kegel's exercise of decisional balance. 3. The analysis of variance and multiple comparison analysis showed that for all 4 samples, the Cons of changing the problem behaviors outweighed the Pros for subjects who were in the pre- contemplation stage, The opposite was true for subjects in action and maintenance stage. 4. Through the discriminant analysis, it was found that one factor of Pros for exercise, one factor of Cons for smoking cessation, 1 factor of Cons for mammogram screening and one factor of Cons for Kegel's exercise were the more influencing factors, than others in discriminating the stages of change.
Results
are consistent with the applications of the Transtheoretical model, which have been used to understand how people change health behaviors. This results provide some evidence that subject's report of his/her health behavior corresponds to beliefs about usefulness of related health behaviors. The results of this study have implications for patients' health education and health intervention strategies. The findings of this study give useful information for nursing educators for 4 health behaviors, especially the factors relating to decision making in the different stages of change.

Citations

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  • Effects of a Smoking Cessation Program using Self-regulated Learning Strategy for Middle School Boys
    Young-Ju Jee, Haejung Lee, Yeonjung Lim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2011; 20(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Application of the Transtheoretical Model to Identify Aspects Influencing Condom Use Among Korean College Students
    Young Mi Kwon, Eun Ja Yeun, Hee Young Kim, Mi Sun Youn, Ju Yeon Cho, Hee Joo Lee
    Western Journal of Nursing Research.2008; 30(8): 991.     CrossRef
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Factors related to Continuous Participation in the Pap Smear Screening among Korean Women: using a Structural Model
So Mi Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(1):160-170.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.1.160
AbstractAbstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to develop an explanatory model to predict factors related to continuous participation in the Pap smear screening among Korean women. A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of Health Belief Model and extensive review of literature on the Pap smear screening. Exogeneous variables included in this model were knowledge, perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, negative and positive emotional responses and professional support from physicians and nurses. Endogeneous variables were threat to cervical cancer, perceived benefit of the Pap smear screening, perceived barrier, and the final outcome variable was continuous participation in the Pap smear screening. The hypothetical model was tested with an empirical study. The data was collected from 623 married women whose age range was 24 - 83 using a self-reported survey questionnaire which was developed by the researcher. It's Cronbach's alpha score ranged from .6478 to .9118. Data was collected at different locations in Seoul; a university hospital, a local health center, and apartment complexes. Data analysis was done using SPSS 7.5 WIN Program for descriptive statistics and LISREL 8.12a WIN Program for covariance structural analysis. In conclusion, threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, positive emotion and professional support had a significant direct effect on continuous participation in the Pap smear screening among Korean women. The
results
of this study also showed that perceived barrier had the most significant direct effect on continuous participation in the Pap smear screening while negative emotional response had the most significant direct effect on perceived barrier. It can be suggested that decreasing perceived barrier by reducing negative emotional responses may be the most effective strategies for increasing continuous participation in the Pap smear screening among married Korean women.

Citations

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  • Health behaviors related to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the associated factors of adolescent Korean girls
    SoMi Park, ChaeWeon Chung
    Women & Health.2018; 58(8): 915.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge Level of Human Papillomavirus, Cervical Cancer and Vaccination Status among Mothers with Daughters in High School
    Myung-Sook Yoo
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2014; 20(1): 105.     CrossRef
  • Predictors Associated with Repeated Papanicolaou Smear for Cervical Cancer Screening
    Eun-Joo Lee, Jeong-Sook Park
    Asian Oncology Nursing.2013; 13(1): 28.     CrossRef
  • Pap Smear Screening Participation Behavior and Related Factors in Married Immigrant Women
    So Young Kim, So Young Choi
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2010; 16(3): 255.     CrossRef
  • Identifying barriers to Papanicolaou smear screening in Korean women: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005
    Su Jeong Park, Woong-Sub Park
    Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2010; 21(2): 81.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a Cognition‐Emotion 
Focused Program to Increase 
Public Participation in 
Papanicolaou Smear Screening
    SoMi Park, SoonBok Chang, ChaeWeon Chung
    Public Health Nursing.2005; 22(4): 289.     CrossRef
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Korean Immigrant Women's Meanings of Breast, Breast Cancer, and Breast Cancer Screenings
Eunyoung Eunice Suh
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(4):604-611.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.4.604
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Koreans are one of the fastest growing Asian populations in the U.S. since 1960s. In Korean immigrant women (KIW), breast cancer was reported as the most frequently diagnosed cancer. However, their screening rates for breast cancer are lower than national guidelines; it is assumed that underlying cultural schemas of breast, breast cancer, and its screening modalities exist and need to be studied. This study was aimed to investigate cultural meanings of breast, breast cancer, and breast cancer screenings in KIW.

Methods

Using cultural models theory from cognitive anthropology, naturalistic qualitative methodology was utilized. Three focus group interviews with fifteen KIW were conducted. Thematic analysis with constant comparison technique was performed eliciting units of meaning, categories, and themes.

Results

The cultural schema of the meaning of breast is “mother who is breast-feeding her baby,” with two themes of “balance in size,” and “shyness.” Regarding breast cancer, three themes, i.e., “indifference,” “fear,” and “uncertainty” are emerged. “Lack of information about screening modalities” is the overarching schema with reference to breast cancer screenings.

Conclusions

The findings of this study demonstrate unique cultural models of KIW related to breast cancer and its screenings, which are critical to understand and penetrate their barriers to breast cancer screening.

Citations

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  • The Lived Experience of Body Alteration and Body Image with Regard to Immediate Breast Reconstruction among Women with Breast Cancer
    Jeonghee Ahn, Eunyoung E Suh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(2): 245.     CrossRef
  • Understanding breast cancer screening behaviors of Korean American women in sociocultural contexts
    Ga-Young Choi, Eun Koh, Sam Choi, Ji-Young Cho
    Social Work in Health Care.2017; 56(1): 45.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of an Ongoing, Community-Based Breast Cancer Prevention Program for Korean American Women
    Eun Koh, Ga-Young Choi, Ji Young Cho
    Health & Social Work.2016; 41(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Cultural Competence in Qualitative Interview Methods with Asian Immigrants
    Eunyoung E. Suh, Sarah Kagan, Neville Strumpf
    Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2009; 20(2): 194.     CrossRef
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Development of an Interaction Behaviors Checklist for Early Detection of Autistic Children
Sook Bin Im
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(1):5-15.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.1.5
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to develop a behavioral checklist to predict an autistic disorder and to identify the earliest detecting time.

Method

One hundred and fifty eight children including normal, autistic, institutionalized normal, and retarded were assessed using critical interaction behavioral markers from literature review. Data was collected by semi-structured mother-child interaction by videotape recording and analyzed by factor analysis, Cronbach α, Kappa, χ2, and Duncan.

Result

Ten behavioral markers were sorted into 2 factors; joint-attention and synchronized behavior. Autistic children were impaired in pretend play, prodeclarative pointing, proimperative pointing, gaze-monitoring, referential looking, showing, joint-attention, rhythmical vocal exchange, and synchronized laughing. The sychronized behavior was also a critical marker to predict the autistic disorder. However, it was difficult to differentiate autistic disorder from mental retardation. In addition, the appropriate detecting time was around 18 months after birth.

Conclusion

This checklist should be behavior markers to predict autistic disorder and could be useful as educational material at children's clinics, parents class, and for caregivers in the health center. In addition, early detection should lead to treatment being started as soon after 18 months of age as possible.

Citations

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  • Development & Validation of a Checklist for Infant and Child Developmental Screening
    Hyeon-Ok Ju, Nae-Young Lee, In-Sook Park, Sun-Ok Lee, So-Hee Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2009; 15(1): 34.     CrossRef
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Breast Cancer Screening and Repeat Screening
Sung Hee Kim, Ihn Sook Jeong, Jung Soon Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(5):791-800.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.5.791
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was to investigate the characteristics and related factors of breast cancer screening and repeat screening, and to propose nursing interventions to increase the rate of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.

Method

Study subjects was 236 women residing in the community, teachers and nurses who were older than 45 were recruited. Data was collected with self administered questionnaires from July 1st to August 31st, 2003 and analysed using SPSS/WIN 10.0 with X2test, t-test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression at a significant level of =.05.

Result

The breast cancer screening rate was 57.2%, and repeat screening rate was 15.3%. With the multiple logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mammography screening were age and perceived barriers of action, and factors related to the repeat mammography screening were education level and other cancer screening experience.

Conclusion

Based on the results, we recommend the development of anintervention program to decrease the perceived barrier of action, to regard mammography as an essential test in regular check-up, and to give active advertisement and education to the public to improve the rates of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.

Citations

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  • Factors related to the Performance of Mammography Screening among Women with a Family History of Breast Cancer in Korea
    Jina Oh, Taehyun Kim, Youngok Park
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(5): 439.     CrossRef
  • Mammography Use and Its Demographic Correlates Among Women in South Korea
    Eunyoung E. Suh, Sunhee Park
    Asian Nursing Research.2009; 3(2): 71.     CrossRef
  • Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Among Older Korean American Women
    Young Eun, Eunice E. Lee, Mi Ja Kim, Louis Fogg
    Journal of Gerontological Nursing.2009; 35(9): 40.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of mammography uptake in Korean women aged 40 years and over
    Eunjung Ryu, Okhee Ahn, Sun‐Sook Baek, Mi‐Soon Jeon, Seung‐Eui Han, Young‐Rye Park, Mi‐Young Ham
    Journal of Advanced Nursing.2008; 64(2): 168.     CrossRef
  • Implications of Systematic Review for Breast Cancer Prediction
    Sun-Mi Lee, Jin-Hee Park, Han-Jong Park
    Cancer Nursing.2008; 31(5): E40.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of Perceived Barriers to Mammography in Korean Women
    Jung-Hee Kim, Oksoo Kim
    Asian Nursing Research.2008; 2(2): 74.     CrossRef
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Cervical Cancer Screening in Korean American Women: Findings from Focus Group Interviews
Hooja Kim, Kyung Ja Lee, Sun Ock Lee, Sungjae Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(4):617-624.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.4.617
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Korean American women have twice the rate of cervical cancer than white women and demonstrate low rates in participation in cervical cancer screening. This study was to describe the perceptions about cervical cancer and factors related to cervical cancer screening among Korean American women.

Method

Focus group methods.

Results

Five themes emerged. First, knowledge about cervical cancer; misconceptions about cervical cancer, its causes, reproductive anatomy and the treatment Second, perceived meanings of having cervical cancer; most of the women felt that cervical cancer represented a loss of femininity and existential value of womanhood. Third, knowledge about cervical cancer screening ; regular medical check-ups were necessary for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Forth, experiences and perceived meanings of cervical cancer screening; the participants expressed their feelings; embarrassment, fear, shame and shyness. Fifth, practices of cervical cancer screening; various intervals in participating in cervical cancer screening. But they mentioned several deterrents, language, insurance, time constraint, embarrassment, fear of the screening results, misbelief about susceptibility, lack of health prevention behavior, and lack of information written in Korean.

Conclusion

Results emphasize the critical need for culturally appropriate health education to encourage participation of Korean American women in cervical cancer screening.

Citations

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  • Interventions for cancer screening among Chinese Americans: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Fang Lei, Ying Zheng, Eunice Lee, Hyunseok Kang
    PLOS ONE.2022; 17(3): e0265201.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of Cervical Cancer Screening Awareness and Literacy Among Korean-American Women
    Y. Joon Choi, Hee Yun Lee, Soonok An, Young Ji Yoon, Jennifer Oh
    Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities.2020; 7(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Racial Disparities in Cervical Cancer Screening: Implications for Relieving Cervical Cancer Burden in Asian American Pacific Islander Women
    Hee Yun Lee, Raiza Beltran, Nam Keol Kim, Do Kyung Lee
    Cancer Nursing.2019; 42(6): 458.     CrossRef
  • Predicting Behavioral Intentions Related to Cervical Cancer Screening Using a Three-Level Model for the TPB and SCT in Nanjing, China
    Jianxin Zhang, Zimo Sha, Yuzhou Gu, Yanzhang Li, Qinlan Yang, Yuxuan Zhu, Yuan He
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(19): 3575.     CrossRef
  • Development and Evaluation of Culturally and Linguistically Tailored Mobile App to Promote Breast Cancer Screening
    Hee Yun Lee, Mi Hwa Lee, Zan Gao, Karim Sadak
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2018; 7(8): 181.     CrossRef
  • Addressing multilevel barriers to cervical cancer screening in Korean American women: A randomized trial of a community‐based intervention
    Carolyn Y. Fang, Grace X. Ma, Elizabeth A. Handorf, Ziding Feng, Yin Tan, Joanne Rhee, Suzanne M. Miller, Charles Kim, Han Seung Koh
    Cancer.2017; 123(6): 1018.     CrossRef
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    Majid Monemzadeh, Mehdi Dehghani, Salman Abarghouei Nejad
    International Journal of Theoretical Physics.2017; 56(6): 1793.     CrossRef
  • Barriers and Facilitating Factors Perceived in Turkish Women's Behaviors Towards Early Cervical Cancer Detection: A Qualitative Approach
    Fatma Ersin, Zuhal Bahar
    Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(9): 4977.     CrossRef
  • Korean Americans' Beliefs about Colorectal Cancer Screening
    Shin-Young Lee, Eunice E. Lee
    Asian Nursing Research.2013; 7(2): 45.     CrossRef
  • Age-Related Differences in Health Beliefs Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Among Korean American Women
    Eunice E. Lee, Young Eun, Shin-Young Lee, Karabi Nandy
    Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2012; 23(3): 237.     CrossRef
  • Psychometric Evaluation of Uterine Cervical Cancer Screening Embarrassment Questionnaire among Korean Women: Complementary Use of Rasch Model
    Eun-Jung Cho, Bok-Yae Chung, Kwan Lee, Nathan S. Consedine, Won-Kee Lee
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(5): 463.     CrossRef
  • Korean American Women's Beliefs About Breast and Cervical Cancer and Associated Symbolic Meanings
    Eunice E. Lee, Toni Tripp-Reimer, Arlene M. Miller, Georgia R. Sadler, Shin-Young Lee
    Oncology Nursing Forum.2007; 34(3): 713.     CrossRef
  • A Multifaceted Intervention to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening among Underserved Korean Women
    Carolyn Y. Fang, Grace X. Ma, Yin Tan, Nungja Chi
    Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2007; 16(6): 1298.     CrossRef
  • Context of barriers to Pap testing in Korean women
    SoMi Park, SoonBok Chang, ChaeWeon Chung
    Applied Nursing Research.2006; 19(4): 177.     CrossRef
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The Effect of Handwashing Improving Program and MRSA Carrier Screening Program on the MRSA Infection Rates in an Intensive Care Unit
Young Hae Kim, Seong Sook Jeon, Ihn Sook Jeong, Chul Hoon Chang, Jeung Hwa Kim, Jeong Ae Huh
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(6):686-692.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.6.686
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

To assess the effect of handwashing improving program and MRSA carrier detection program on MRSA(methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infection rate in a intensive care unit.

Method

The intervention was Nosocomial Infection(NI) control program consisted of hand washing improving program and identification and treatment of MRSA carrier. Data on the NI and MRSA infections were collected by an infection control nurse based on the definition of CDC. MRSA infection rates were calculated by the number of MRSA infection per 100 admissions or 1,000 patients-days. The difference of MRSA infection rates between pre and post intervention was tested by Chi-square at =.05.

Result

MRSA infection rates 3.0% or 3.2 per 1,000 patient-days at the pre, 4.6% or 3.7 per 1,000 patient-days at the post, and the differences were not statistically significant (p=.411, p=.769 respectively).

Conclusion

The handwashing improving program and MRSA carrier detection program was not effective in reducing the Nosocomial Infection(NI) or MRSA infection rates. It is recommended further studies with a longer intervention and follow-up period.

Citations

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  • Knowledge and Beliefs about Hand Hygiene among Hospital Nurses
    Sun Young Jeong, Oksoo Kim
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(3): 198.     CrossRef
  • Hospital Nurses' Knowledge and Compliance on Multidrug-resistant Organism Infection Control Guideline
    Jiyeon Kang, Jinwan Cho, Yujung Kim, Dong-Hee Kim, Jiyoung Lee, Hey-Kyung Park, Sung-Hee Jung, Eun-Nam Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(2): 186.     CrossRef
  • A Nationwide Survey on the Hand Washing Behavior and Awareness
    Jae Sim Jeong, Jun Kil Choi, Ihn Sook Jeong, Kyong Ran Paek, Hye-Kyung In, Ki Dong Park
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2007; 40(3): 197.     CrossRef
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Development of Korean Intensive Care Delirium Screening Tool (KICDST)
Ae-Ri-Na Nam, Jee-Won Park
J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(1):149-158.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.1.149
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was done to develop of the Korean intensive care delirium screening tool (KICDST).

Methods

The KICDST was developed in 5 steps: Configuration of conceptual frame, development of preliminary tool, pilot study, reliability and validity test, development of final KICDST. Reliability tests were done using degree of agreement between evaluators and internal consistency. For validity tests, CVI (Content Validity Index), ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) analysis, known group technique and factor analysis were used.

Results

In the reliability test, the degree of agreement between evaluators showed .80~1.00 and the internal consistency was KR-20=.84. The CVI was .83~1.00. In ROC analysis, the AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve) was .98. Assessment score was 4 points. The values for sensitivity, specificity, correct classification rate, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were found to be 95.0%, 93.7%, 94.4%, 95.0% and 93.7%, respectively. In the known group technique, the average delirium screening tool score of the non-delirium group was 1.25±0.99 while that of delirium group was 5.07±1.89 (t= - 16.33, p <.001). The factors were classified into 3 factors (cognitive change, symptom fluctuation, psychomotor retardation), which explained 67.4% of total variance.

Conclusion

Findings show that the KICDST has high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, this screening tool is recommended for early identification of delirium in intensive care patients.

Citations

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  • Comparison of the Validity of the PRE-DELIRIC model and the E-PRE-DELIRIC model for Predicting Delirium in patients after Cardiac Surgery
    Eun Ju Cho, Myoung Soo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(3): 275.     CrossRef
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Cross-cultural Validation of Instruments Measuring Health Beliefs about Colorectal Cancer Screening among Korean Americans
Shin-Young Lee, Eunice E. Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(1):129-138.   Published online February 27, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.1.129
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to report the instrument modification and validation processes to make existing health belief model scales culturally appropriate for Korean Americans (KAs) regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening utilization.

Methods

Instrument translation, individual interviews using cognitive interviewing, and expert reviews were conducted during the instrument modification phase, and a pilot test and a cross-sectional survey were conducted during the instrument validation phase. Data analyses of the cross-sectional survey included internal consistency and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

The main issues identified during the instrument modification phase were (a) cultural and linguistic translation issues and (b) newly developed items reflecting Korean cultural barriers. Cross-sectional survey analyses during the instrument validation phase revealed that all scales demonstrate good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=.72~.88). Exploratory factor analysis showed that susceptibility and severity loaded on the same factor, which may indicate a threat variable. Items with low factor loadings in the confirmatory factor analysis may relate to (a) lack of knowledge about fecal occult blood testing and (b) multiple dimensions of the subscales.

Conclusion

Methodological, sequential processes of instrument modification and validation, including translation, individual interviews, expert reviews, pilot testing and a cross-sectional survey, were provided in this study. The findings indicate that existing instruments need to be examined for CRC screening research involving KAs.

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  • Predictive factors based on the health belief model on cancer screening behaviour in first degree relatives of patients with Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer
    Jiaojiao Gu, Shumin Jia, Huaxiang Chao, Tinglan Chen, Xiaodan Wu
    International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2023; 10(2): 251.     CrossRef
  • Perceived barriers and benefits in the participation in faecal occult blood test colorectal cancer screening programme
    Martín Menéndez Rodríguez, Natalia García-Morales, Teresa Seoane Pillado, Jorge Garau Ramírez, Alba Traver Salvador, Yésica Hervás Jiménez, Noel Pin Vieito, Luis Menéndez Rodríguez, Joaquín Cubiella
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Review Article
Dysphagia Screening Measures for Use in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review
Yeon-Hwan Park, Hwal Lan Bang, Hae-Ra Han, Hee-Kyung Chang
J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(1):1-13.   Published online February 27, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.1.1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric quality and feasibility of measurements for screening dysphagia in older adults to identify the 'right tool' for nurses to use in nursing homes.

Methods

A systematic review was done. Electronic databases were searched for studies related to dysphagia screening measurements. A checklist was used to evaluate the psychometric quality and applicability. Tools were evaluated for feasible incorporation into routine care by nurses.

Results

29 tools from 31 studies were identified. Dysphagia screening tools with an acceptable validity and reliability had sensitivity between 68% and 100% and specificity between 52% and 100%. The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) and the Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) were the tools with high psychometric quality, especially with high sensitivity, that nurses could perform feasibly to identify the risk and to grade the severity of dysphagia and aspiration of nursing home residents.

Conclusion

Results show that GUSS and SSA are reliable and sensitive tools for screening dysphagia which nurses can use in nursing homes. Further research is needed to examine feasibility of screening with identified tools, and also, to establish effective and standardized protocols for these tools so they can be effectively incorporated into routine care.

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Original Articles
A Path Analysis on Factors Influencing Second Primary Cancer Screening Practices in Stomach, Colon, and Breast Cancer Survivors
Young Hee Yang
J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(2):139-148.   Published online April 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.2.139
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to identify the factors influencing second primary cancer (SPC) screening practice by examining the relationships of physical symptoms, knowledge and attitudes regarding SPC screening, perceived risk, primary cancer type, and demographic factors of cancer survivors.

Methods

Participants were 308 survivors of stomach, colon, or breast cancer recruited from 2 university hospitals in Korea. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 18.0.

Results

The proportion of participants taking all cancer screenings according to national guidelines was 40%. They had moderate knowledge and a relatively positive attitude regarding SPC screening and high cancer risk perception. The participants had taken fewer SPC screenings after than before cancer diagnosis. The factors influencing cancer risk perception were age, physical symptoms, knowledge regarding SPC and primary cancer type (stomach). The factors influencing SPC screening practice were age, gender, economic status, knowledge regarding SPC screening, and primary cancer types (colon).

Conclusion

It is important for clinical professionals to recognize that survivors of cancer are susceptible to another cancer. Education on SPC screening for these survivors should focus on communicating with and encouraging them to have regular cancer screenings.

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Development and validation of the Korean Nursing Delirium Scale
Kyoung-Nam Kim, Cheol-Ho Kim, Kwang-Il Kim, Hyun-Jung Yoo, Si-Young Park, Yeon-Hwan Park
J Korean Acad Nurs 2012;42(3):414-423.   Published online June 29, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.414
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The aims of this study were to develop and test the validity of the Korean Nursing Delirium Scale (Nu-DESC) for older patients in hospital.

Methods

The Korean Nu-DESC was developed based on the Nu-DESC (Gaudreau, 2005), and revised according to nursing records related to signs and symptoms of older patients with delirium (n=361) and the results of a pilot study (n=42) in one general hospital. To test the validity of the Korean Nu-DESC, 75 older patients whom nurses suspected of delirium from 731 older patients from 12 nursing units were assessed by bedside nurses using the Korean Nu-DESC. A Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve of the Korean Nu-DESC was constructed with an accompanying Area Under the Curve (AUC).

Results

Specific examples such as irritable, kidding, sleeping tendency, which were observed by bedside nurses in Korea, were identified in the five features of signs and symptoms of delirium in the instrument. The Korean Nu-DESC was psycho-metrically valid and had a sensitivity and specificity of .81-.76 and .97-.73, respectively. The AUC were .89, .74.

Conclusion

Results of this study indicate that the Korean Nu-DESC is well-suited for widespread clinical use in busy inpatients settings and shows promise as a research instrument.

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