Han-Thought is a philosophy unique to the native to Korean culture. From the point of view of etymological analysis, the word "Han" means "Large", "High" or "Whole" Ancient Korean people planted their philosophical roots deep in what has come to be know an Han-Thought. The goal of this study was to explore "Han-Thought" for concepts and principles which may contribute to the building of Korean nursing philosophy, ethic, paradigm, theory and eventfully practice. Ontologily, our ancient people attempted to learn what was most essential and meaningful in life Han-Thought embraces the thought of complete harmony with in wholeness. Han encompasses everything in the universe. A characteristic of Han-Thought is that all things relate each other in harmonic balance, not in conflict. The harmonious balance of all things excludes both disruption and confrontation, marking all things into a large oneness. Thus Han-Thought applied to Holism traditionally embraced by nursing philosophy. The principles of Han-Thought emphasize the love of peace. Extreme individualism and egoism are not allowed in Han-Thought. The Han-Thought provide a humanistic and ethical foundation for nursing philosophy. Han-Thought is a valuable philosophy for Korean nurses to explore toward the development of the discipline in Korea.

PURPOSE: This study was performed to develope a scale of gender role identity in Korean adults based on the Bem's theory of androgyny. Although there were several tools in Korea, they were revealed having some problems of cultural differences, translation biases, and methodological problems. METHODS: A list of 78 items were developed using the existing tools and descriptions from 5 married couples. The items were the typical personality characteristics which were manifested by gender, male or female. And the list contained several items which were the socially desirable personality characteristics. which would be simply used as contextual items. Validity of the 78 items were screened by 18 expert panels with 4 point Likert scale, and 57 items were judged as highly valid from 70% of the experts, which were selected as preliminary items for the tool. Using the preliminary tool which was developed as a 4 point Likert scale, data were collected from 1,127 subjects for item analysis and factor analysis. 53 items were remained, because 4 items whose item-total correlation were lower than 0.2 were excluded by the result of item analysis. Factor analysis was done with the 53 items, and 49 items whose factor loadings were same and higher than 0.4 were remained. 3 factors were identified with eigen value 2.0, and these factors were named as masculinity, femininity, and social desirability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: KGRII(Korean Gender Role Identity Inventory) which contained 45 items was developed, with 15 items for 3 factors. The reliability of the tool was very high. Cronbach alpha of the tool was 0.929, and alpha of the subscales were ranged from 0.841 to 0.922.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Job Satisfaction Differences by Gender Role Identity among Female Firefighters
  Tae-Wan Kim
  Fire Science and Engineering.2021; 35(2): 92.     CrossRef
• Weight control behavior in women college students and factors influencing behavior
  Hyun-Young Yang, Young-Soon Byeon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2012; 19(2): 190.     CrossRef
• A Study on Gender-role Identity and Cyber Delinquency in High School Students.
  Jong Hwa Lee, Kyung Hee Kim, Mi Hye Choi, Hee Young Kim, Geum Sook Oh, Ki Sook Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2010; 19(1): 76.     CrossRef

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Effects of a Multimodal Intervention on Sleep Quality and Duration in Intensive Care Unit Patients
  Jieun Nam, Sukhee Ahn
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2025; 18(1): 70.     CrossRef
• Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in hospitalized children
  Sapna R Kudchadkar, Jessica Berger, Ruchit Patel, Sean Barnes, Claire Twose, Tracie Walker, Riley Mitchell, Jaehyun Song, Blair Anton, Naresh M Punjabi
  Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of earplug/eye mask on sleep and delirium in intensive care patients
  Reva Balci Akpinar, Meyreme Aksoy, Elif Kant
  Nursing in Critical Care.2022; 27(4): 537.     CrossRef
• Effect of Eye Masks on Pain and Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Ghada Shalaby Mahran, Matthew J. Leach, Mostafa Samy Abbas, Ahmed M. Abbas, Ahmed Mohamed Ghoneim
  Critical Care Nurse.2020; 40(1): 27.     CrossRef
• Development and Application of an Intervention for Noise Reduction in Intensive Care Units
  Sun-Hee Yun, Na-Young Kwak, Yang-Sook Yoo
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(6): 584.     CrossRef
• Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in hospitalized children
  Sapna R Kudchadkar, Sean Barnes, Blair Anton, Daniel J Gergen, Naresh M Punjabi
  Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of Foot Reflexology Massage and Foot Bath on the Sleep Quality of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Comparative Study
  Mehdi Naseri, Ali Rahmani, Batool Nerir, Mehdi Salari, Maryam Moshkani Farahani
  Journal of Critical Care Nursing.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of earplugs and eye masks combined with relaxing music on sleep, melatonin and cortisol levels in ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial
  Rong-Fang Hu, Xiao-Ying Jiang, Kathleen M Hegadoren, You-Hua Zhang
  Critical Care.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Comparison of Domestic and International Research (1992-2011): Intensive Care Nursing Studies
  Eun Hee Choi, Eun Hee Jang, Ji Youn Choi, So Jung Lee, Hyo Kuyng Seo, Kyung Sook Park
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2015; 27(4): 384.     CrossRef
• Sleep Quality and Factors affecting Sleep Disturbance among Percutaneous Coronary Angiography Patients in a General Hospital
  
  Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2015; 21(1): 69.     CrossRef
• Sensory environment on health-related outcomes of hospital patients
  Amy Drahota, Derek Ward, Heather Mackenzie, Rebecca Stores, Bernie Higgins, Diane Gal, Taraneh P Dean
  Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2012;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of Environmental Intervention on Sleep, Emotions and Job Satisfaction of Rotating Shift Nurses in Intensive Care Unit
  Hee-Ja Kim
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2012; 24(1): 11.     CrossRef
• Effects of earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep, melatonin and cortisol in a simulated intensive care unit environment
  Rong-fang Hu, Xiao-ying Jiang, Yi-ming Zeng, Xiao-yang Chen, You-hua Zhang
  Critical Care.2010;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Predicting Patient Discomfort after Coronary Angiography
  Ae Ran Park, Ja Yun Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(6): 860.     CrossRef