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Patterns of Drinking Behaviors and Predictors of Class Membership among Adolescents in the Republic of Korea: A Latent Class Analysis
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Haein Lee, Sunhee Park
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(6):701-712. Published online January 17, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.6.701
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Abstract
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- Abstract
Purpose:
Despite the high drinking rates and the complexity of drinking behaviors in adolescents, insufficient attention has been paid to their drinking patterns. Therefore, we aimed to identify patterns of adolescent drinking behaviors and factors predicting the distinct subgroups of adolescent drinking behaviors.
Methods:
We analyzed nationally representative secondary data obtained in 2017. Our final sample included 24,417 Korean adolescents who had consumed at least one glass of alcohol in their lifetime. To investigate patterns of drinking behaviors, we conducted a latent class analysis using nine alcohol-related characteristics, including alcohol consumption levels, solitary drinking, timing of drinking initiation, and negative consequences of drinking. Furthermore, we investigated differences in demographics, mental health status, and characteristics of substance use across the latent classes identified in our study. To do so, we used the PROC LCA with COVARIATES statement in the SAS software.
Results:
We identified three latent classes of drinking behaviors: current non-drinkers (CND), binge drinkers (BD), and problem drinkers (PD). Compared to the CND class, both BD and PD classes were strongly associated with higher academic year, lower academic performance, higher levels of stress, suicidal ideation, lifetime conventional or electronic cigarette use, and lifetime use of other drugs.
Conclusion:
Health professionals should develop and implement intervention strategies targeting individual subgroups of drinking behaviors to obtain better outcomes. In particular, health professionals should consider different characteristics across subgroups of adolescent drinking behaviors when developing the interventions, such as poor mental health status and other substance use among binge and problem drinkers.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Examining suicidality and substance use among Korean adolescents: a latent class analysis study
Serim Lee, Jinyung Kim Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development.2025; : 1. CrossRef - Associations between binge drinking experience, depressive mood, and suicidality in adolescents: Based on the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey
Mi-Sun Lee, Hooyeon Lee Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 323: 386. CrossRef
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Smoking Behavior and Predictors of Smoking Initiation in Childhood and Early Adolescence
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Sunhee Park
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(3):376-385. Published online June 29, 2009
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.3.376
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Abstract
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Purpose
The purposes of this study were (a) to identify smoking behavior by following a cohort representative of the population of 4th grade elementary schoolers in South Korea over a four-year period (2004-2007), and (b) to explore predictors of smoking initiation among non-smokers in Wave 1.
Methods
Secondary data, the Korea Youth Panel Study, was analyzed in this study. First, frequencies or percentages were calculated to identify smoking behavior (i.e., smoking initiation, smoking intensity, and smoking duration). Second, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to examine significant factors related to smoking initiation.
Results
Smoking initiation and daily smoking were more pronounced when the participants entered middle school. In bivariate analysis, statistically significant predictors of smoking initiation were loneliness at school, self-control, delinquent behavior, depressive symptoms, and stress. However, after controlling for other factors, only a high level of risk-taking tendency and a greater number of delinquent behaviors remained statistically significant.
Conclusion
Based on greater involvement in smoking among first-year middle schoolers, smoking prevention strategies should be provided to elementary schoolers rather than middle schoolers. A risk-taking tendency and delinquent behaviors should be considered as proxy measures to detect the high-risk group for smoking initiation.
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Citations
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- Health-Related Behavior and Psychosocial Characteristics of Adolescent Female Smokers in Korea, Compared with Adolescent Male Smokers
Yong-Sook Eo, Yeon-Hee Lee, Myo-Sung Kim Healthcare.2023; 11(12): 1707. CrossRef - The Effect of Neighborhood Characteristics and Friends' Smoking Status on the Habitual Smoking Onset in Adolescents
You-Jung Choi, Gwang Suk Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(1): 54. CrossRef - The Association of Smoking Exposure at Home with Attempts to Quit Smoking and Cessation Success: A Survey of South Korean Adolescents Who Smoke
Wonjeong Jeong, Yun Kyung Kim, Jae Hong Joo, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(11): 4129. CrossRef - Sex Differences in Multilevel Factors of Smoking Experimentation and Age of Initiation in Korean Adolescents
Eun-Mi Kim, Eunhee Park, Heejung Kim The Journal of School Nursing.2020; 36(5): 348. CrossRef - Cohort effects of tobacco control policy: evidence to support a tobacco-free norm through smoke-free policy
Heewon Kang, Sung-il Cho Tobacco Control.2020; 29(1): 96. CrossRef - Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Early Initiation of Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Sexual Behavior Among Korean Adolescents
Mei Lin C. Valencia, Binh Thang Tran, Min Kyung Lim, Kui Son Choi, Jin-Kyoung Oh Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2019; 31(5): 443. CrossRef - Associations between optimism, tobacco smoking and substanceabuse among Iranian high school students
Soudabeh Marin, Esmaeil Heshmatian, Haidar Nadrian, Ali Fakhari, Asghar Mohammadpourasl Health Promotion Perspectives.2019; 9(4): 279. CrossRef - The Role of Optimism in Predicting Tobacco Smoking and Illicit Drug Use Among High School Students in Southeast of Iran, 2018
Hossein Ansari, Mohammad Khammarnia, Hasan Okati, Saeed Fakhrrahimi, Neda Mahdavifar, Maryam Mohammadian, Ali Yousefzadeh, Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi, Younes Mohammadi, Kourosh Tirgarfakheri Health Scope.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - School-related factors affecting smoking intention among Korean middle school students
Jin Suk Ra, Mi Sook Jung Applied Nursing Research.2018; 39: 34. CrossRef - Socioeconomic Disparities in Smoking Behavior and Early Smoking Initiation Among Men in Malawi
Sanni Yaya, Ghose Bishwajit, Vaibhav Shah, Michael Ekholuenetale Tobacco Use Insights.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Factors Associated with Early Smoking Initiation among Korean Adolescents
Eun Sun So, Ji Young Yeo Asian Nursing Research.2015; 9(2): 115. CrossRef - Influence of Experiences of Witnessing Tobacco Advertising and Preferences of Tobacco Companies' Social Responsibility on Current and Future Smoking Intentions in Adolescents
Sung Rae Shin, Sun Hwa Shin, Bok Keun Lee, Jin Hee Yang Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(1): 33. CrossRef - Risk Factors for Smoking Behaviors Among Adolescents
Sung Suk Chung, Kyoung Hwa Joung The Journal of School Nursing.2014; 30(4): 262. CrossRef - The Relationship between Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Parenting Behavior Perceived by Adolescents
Yun Ho Roh, Eun Joo Kim Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2013; 30(2): 71. CrossRef - The Influence of Personal Characteristics, Family Environment and Mental Health on Adolescents' Smoking
Young-Suk Park, Cheol-Hwan Kim Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2013; 4(1): 28. CrossRef - Effect of a Smoking Cessation Motivational Program for Adolescents.
Sung Rae Shin, Chung Ok Lee, Goo Churl Jeong Child Health Nursing Research.2013; 19(2): 130. CrossRef - Tobacco Dependence Treatment for Korean Americans: Preliminary Findings
Sun S. Kim, Seong-Ho Kim, Douglas Ziedonis Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health.2012; 14(3): 395. CrossRef - Alcohol and tobacco use among South Korean adolescents: An ecological review of the literature
Jun Sung Hong, Na Youn Lee, Andrew Grogan-Kaylor, Hui Huang Children and Youth Services Review.2011; 33(7): 1120. CrossRef - Influences of Demographic, Smoking, and Smoking Cessation Factors on Smoking Cessation Success in Adolescent Smokers
Yeo-Jin Yi, Kun-Ja Lee, Young-Sook Kim The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2011; 11(4): 303. CrossRef - Relationship of Knowledge and Practical Will to Practice of Cancer Prevention Lifestyle by Late School-aged Children
Mi Hye Cho, In Soo Kwon Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2010; 16(4): 259. CrossRef - Survey on Adolescents' Knowledge and Attitudes as related to Temptation toward Cigarette Smoking
Hye Young Ahn, Joohyun Lee Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2009; 15(4): 367. CrossRef
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Development of a Multimedia Learning DM Diet Education Program using Standardized Patients and Analysis of Its Effects on Clinical Competency and Learning Satisfaction for Nursing Students
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Kyung Sun Hyun, Hyun Sook Kang, Won Ock Kim, Sunhee Park, Jia Lee, Sohyune Sok
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(2):249-258. Published online April 28, 2009
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.2.249
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Abstract
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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop a multimedia learning program for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) diet education using standardized patients and to examine the effects of the program on educational skills, communication skills, DM diet knowledge and learning satisfaction.
Methods
The study employed a randomized control posttest non-synchronized design. The participants were 108 third year nursing students (52 experimental group, 56 control group) at K university in Seoul, Korea. The experimental group had regular lectures and the multimedia learning program for DM diet education using standardized patients while the control group had regular lectures only. The DM educational skills were measured by trained research assistants.
Results
The students who received the multimedia learning program scored higher for DM diet educational skills, communication skills and DM diet knowledge compared to the control group. Learning satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than the control group, but statistically insignificant.
Conclusion
Clinical competency was improved for students receiving the multimedia learning program for DM diet education using standardized patients, but there was no statistically significant effect on learning satisfaction. In the nursing education system there is a need to develop and apply more multimedia materials for education and to use standardized patients effectively.
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Jin Lee, Pok Ja Oh The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(4): 427. CrossRef - Experience of nursing students with standardized patients in simulation-based learning: Q-methodology study
Eun-Ho Ha Nurse Education Today.2018; 66: 123. CrossRef - Utilizing Video vs Simulation Practice for Handoff Education of Nursing Students in Pediatric Nursing
Sun-Nam Park, Young Soon Im Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(1): 27. CrossRef - Effectiveness of Education Program Using Video Recording and Feedback on Skill Competency for Students of Majors in Health Care: A Meta-Analysis
Yun Hee Shin, Sun Kyung Kim, Hyunjoo Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2018; 25(2): 120. CrossRef - Reliability and Validity of the Assessment Tool for Measuring Communication Skills in Nursing Simulation Education
Hee Mo Yang, Seon Young Hwang Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2016; 28(1): 95. CrossRef - The Effects of Preclinical Clinical Performance Examination on Nursing Students' Confidence in Nursing Skills and Critical Thinking Competence
Jeong Sook Park, Mi Jung Choi, Soon Yang Jang The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2015; 21(1): 75. CrossRef - The effects of simulation-based learning using standardized patients in nursing students: A meta-analysis
Pok-Ja Oh, Kyeong Deok Jeon, Myung Suk Koh Nurse Education Today.2015; 35(5): e6. CrossRef - Approaches to Convergence Curriculum for Healthcare-Affiliated Students with Clinical Competence Assessment Program
Eun-Hee Park, Hae-Ryoung Park, Hye-Suk Kim Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2015; 6(3): 79. CrossRef - The effect of Simulation-based learning scenario using standardized repiratory patients on learning satisfaction, clinical skill competency and self-efficacy in Health-related department students
Hye-Young Cho Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(3): 2100. CrossRef - Development and evaluation of simulation-based fever management module for children with febrile convulsion
Shin-Jeong Kim, Jina Oh, Kyung-Ah Kang, SungHee Kim Nurse Education Today.2014; 34(6): 1005. CrossRef - Systematic Review of Korean Studies on Simulation within Nursing Education
Jung-Hee Kim, In-Hee Park, Sujin Shin The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2013; 19(3): 307. CrossRef - The Effects of Simulation Training With Hybrid Model for Nursing Students on Nursing Performance Ability and Self Confidence
Suk Jeong Lee, Young Mi Park, Sang Mi Noh Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2013; 25(2): 170. CrossRef - The effects of two educational interventions on knowledge and competence of nurses with regard to conveying gastroscopy‐related information to patients
Shu‐Hua Kao, Li‐Ling Hsu, Suh‐Ing Hsieh, Tzu‐Hsin Huang Journal of Advanced Nursing.2013; 69(4): 793. CrossRef - Effects of using Standardized Patients on Nursing Competence, Communication Skills, and Learning Satisfaction in Health Assessment
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Associations between Smoking and Depression in Adolescence: An Integrative Review
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Sunhee Park, Dan Romer
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(2):227-241. Published online March 28, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.2.227
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Abstract
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Background
Although research has established the existence of an association between smoking and depression among adolescents, researchers have not reached consensus on the nature of the association.
Objectives
The purpose of this paper is to review the literature, to examine the nature of the relationship between smoking and depression in adolescence, and to suggest future research directions.
Method
A literature search was conducted from the following six databases: (a) Ovid MEDLINE, (b) CINAHL, (c) PubMed Unrestricted, (d) PsycINFO, (e) ERIC, and (f) Sociological Abstracts. The combinations of the words, “depression,” “smoking,” “tobacco,” “adolescent,” and “teen” were used for keyword searches to find relevant articles.
Results
In 47 of 57 studies, significant associations between smoking and depression were found. However, these significant relationships may either be spurious or unrelated to depression because a substantial number of studies did not adjust for confounders or did not use validated instruments to measure depression. Additionally, if the relationship is causal, its direction remains controversial. Five relationships have been suggested: (a) Depression causes smoking, (b) smoking causes depression, (c) there is a bidirectional relationship between smoking and depression, (d) smoking and depression occur due to confounders, and (e) subgroups with different relationships between the two conditions exist.
Conclusions
It is necessary to further explore the relationship between smoking and depression. Future research should consider the need for: (a) longitudinal research designs, (b) more accurate measurement of depression, and (c) the control of confounders between smoking and depression.
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Reshmi Sengupta SSRN Electronic Journal.2016;[Epub] CrossRef - Smoking, heavy drinking, and depression among U.S. middle-aged and older adults
Ruopeng An, Xiaoling Xiang Preventive Medicine.2015; 81: 295. CrossRef - The association between smoking and depression from adolescence to adulthood
Tore Tjora, Jørn Hetland, Leif Edvard Aarø, Bente Wold, Nora Wiium, Simon Øverland Addiction.2014; 109(6): 1022. CrossRef - Does Smoking Initiation in Adolescence Increase Risk for Depression Across the Lifespan?
Sunhee Park, Daniel Romer, Sungwon Lim Journal of Addictions Nursing.2013; 24(3): 142. CrossRef - Is depression associated with health risk-related behaviour clusters in adults?
P. Verger, C. Lions, B. Ventelou The European Journal of Public Health.2009; 19(6): 618. CrossRef - The Causal Association Between Smoking and Depression Among South Korean Adolescents
Sunhee Park Journal of Addictions Nursing.2009; 20(2): 93. CrossRef - Predictors of the Transition From Experimental to Daily Smoking Among Adolescents in the United States
Sunhee Park, Terri E. Weaver, Daniel Romer Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing.2009; 14(2): 102. CrossRef - La dépression co-morbide favorise-t-elle certains comportements à risque chez les personnes ayant des problèmes de poids?
Pierre Verger, Sophie Dizière, Aurélie Bocquier, Bruno Ventelou Revue française des affaires sociales.2008; (1): 49. CrossRef
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The Importance of Smoking Definitions for the Study of Adolescent Smoking Behavior
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Sunhee Park, Kyung Ja June
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(4):612-620. Published online March 28, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.4.612
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Abstract
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Purpose
Smoking is the leading cause of death and smoking initiation rarely occurs after adolescence. Thus research on adolescent smoking is crucial. A consistent definition of smoking is important because inconsistent definitions make comparisons across studies an arduous task. Thus, the aim of the study was to suggest future research directions for smoking definitions after examining pitfalls in the literature.
Methods
In this study the literature on adolescent smoking in the U.S. and South Korea was examined, and three types of smoking definitions were identified. Limitations in the studies are identified and future research directions are suggested.
Results
In the U.S. literature, smoking definitions can be categorized into three groups: definitions based on stage models, smoking trajectories, and definitions derived from specific data. In the South Korean literature, various levels of smoking have not been differentiated.
Conclusions
While the literature does not provide a definitive answer regarding the definition of smoking, it suggests three issues to consider for future research. First, multiple measures of smoking are more desirable than a one-time measure. Second, theory- or trajectory-based smoking definitions are more desirable than definitions derived from available data. Finally, regularity and amount of cigarette use should be incorporated in defining smoking behavior.
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