Jeong-Hee Kim; Moon Yeon Kong; Yun Hee Oh

doi:10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.431

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Original Article
Validity and Reliability of the Peer Group Caring Interaction Scale-Korean Version: Jeong-Hee Kim, Moon Yeon Kong, Yun Hee Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2016;46(3):431-442.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.431
Published online: June 30, 2016

¹College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.

²Department of Nursing, Jeju Halla University, Jeju, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Kim, Jeong-Hee. College of Nursing, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 63243, Korea. Tel: +82-64-754-3884, Fax: +82-64-702-2686, snukjh@jejunu.ac.kr

• Received: October 26, 2015 • Revised: January 20, 2016 • Accepted: March 30, 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
This paper was conducted to validate the Korean version of the Peer Group Caring Interaction Scale (PGCIS-K) that measures caring behaviors as experienced by nursing students.
Methods
Translation of the PGCIS-K was validated through forward-backward translation methods. Survey data were collected from 218 nursing students in a nursing school. Construct validity and criterion-related validity were evaluated. Internal consistency and the Guttman split-half coefficient were calculated to assess reliability.
Results
The PGIS-K showed reliability except for 4 items (Cronbach's α=.91, Guttman split-half coefficient=.85), which were low (<.30) or negatively correlated with the total scale. A 12-item reduced form of the PGCIS-K was developed by item-analysis and construct validity evidence. Factor loading for the 12 items on 2 factors ranged from .47~.82, which explained 58.4% of the total variance. Two factors were named 'modeling and assistance (Cronbach's α=.87)' and 'communication and sharing (Cronbach's α=.82)'. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion validity were supported according to the correlation coefficients of the 2 factors with other measure.
Conclusion
The findings suggest preliminary evidence that the 12-item PGCIS-K can be used to measure nursing students' peer group caring interactions in Korea. Additional studies are recommended to continue the psychometric evaluation of this scale. Also, it can be extended to measure graduate nursing students or staff nurses' peer group caring interaction.
Keywords: Psychometrics; Nursing care; Empathy; Peer group; Nursing students

This research was supported by the 2015 scientific promotion program funded by Jeju National University.

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

REFERENCES

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Table 1

General Characteristics of the Participants (N=218)

^*Friends, senior, or junior.

Table 2

Item-CVI, Means, and Item Analysis of the PGCIS-K (N=218)

^*Most items began with 'Students at this school'; ^†Reverse scored items; ^‡Mean of total; I-CVI=item-level content validity index; Scale-level CVI, averaging method (S-CVI/Ave)=.97; The 16-item PGCIS' M±SD of items=3.85±0.51, the 12-item PGCIS' M±SD of items=3.98±0.64; Numbers in bold style=four items were low (<.30) or negative correlations with the total scale; Range of skewness of items=-0.82~0.31; Kurtosis of items=-0.70~1.64; Range of ceiling effects of items=0.5~5.0%; Floor effects of items=0.9~8.3%.

Table 3

Final Descriptive Statistics and Reliability Estimates of the 12-item PGCIS-K (N=218)

^*Deleted item 5, 6, 11, & 16 from the 16-item PGCIS-K; FA1=Modeling & assistance; FA2=Communication & sharing.

Table 4

Factor Loadings ≥.40 from the Rotated Pattern Matrix for the 12-item PGCIS-K (N=218)

^*Most items began with "Students at this school"; FA1=Modeling & Assistance; FA2=Communication & Sharing; Numbers in bold style=loaded well on both factors with a split loading of>.40 for FA1 and FA2.

Table 5

Correlations between the 12-item PGCIS-K and OCCQ (N=218)

^*Correlation coefficient between FA1 & FA2, r (p)=.72 (<.001); ^†M±SD=3.45±0.55; FA1=Modeling & Assistance; FA2=Communication & Sharing; O_m=Modeling; O_dia=Dialogue; O_pra=Practice; O_con=Confirmation; O_un=Uncaring behaviors.

Figure & Data

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Validity and Reliability of the Peer Group Caring Interaction Scale-Korean Version

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2016;46(3):431-442. Published online June 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.431

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Validity and Reliability of the Peer Group Caring Interaction Scale-Korean Version

Table 1

General Characteristics of the Participants (N=218)

^*Friends, senior, or junior.

Table 2

Item-CVI, Means, and Item Analysis of the PGCIS-K (N=218)

Table 3

Final Descriptive Statistics and Reliability Estimates of the 12-item PGCIS-K (N=218)

^*Deleted item 5, 6, 11, & 16 from the 16-item PGCIS-K; FA1=Modeling & assistance; FA2=Communication & sharing.

Table 4

Factor Loadings ≥.40 from the Rotated Pattern Matrix for the 12-item PGCIS-K (N=218)

Table 5

Correlations between the 12-item PGCIS-K and OCCQ (N=218)

Table 1 General Characteristics of the Participants (N=218)

^*Friends, senior, or junior.

Table 2 Item-CVI, Means, and Item Analysis of the PGCIS-K (N=218)

Table 3 Final Descriptive Statistics and Reliability Estimates of the 12-item PGCIS-K (N=218)

^*Deleted item 5, 6, 11, & 16 from the 16-item PGCIS-K; FA1=Modeling & assistance; FA2=Communication & sharing.

Table 4 Factor Loadings ≥.40 from the Rotated Pattern Matrix for the 12-item PGCIS-K (N=218)