Mi Young Kim; Seong Sook Jun

doi:10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.349

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Original Article
Development and Effects of a Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Based Program in Reducing Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia: Mi Young Kim, Seong Sook Jun; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2016;46(3):349-363.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.349
Published online: June 30, 2016

¹Department of Nursing, Kaya University, Gimhae, Korea.

²College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Jun, Seong Sook. College of Nursing, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea. Tel: +82-51-510-8359, Fax: +82-51-510-8308, jss@pusan.ac.kr

• Received: June 19, 2015 • Revised: October 8, 2015 • Accepted: January 25, 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
This study was done to develop a internalized stigma reducing program based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and appropriate for patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate its effectiveness.
Methods
The study design was a mixed method research. Qualitative study, 13 patients with schizophrenia who had experience in overcoming stigma were purposively chosen for interviews and data were analyzed using Giorgi method. Quantitative study, 64 patients with schizophrenia (experimental group=32, control group=32) were recruited. The cognitive-behavioral therapy-based program for reducing internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia was provided for 8 weeks (12 sessions). Data were collected from June. 20, 2013 to Feb. 14, 2014. Quantitative data were analyzed using χ²-test, t-test, repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS program.
Results
Qualitative results, from the experience of coping with stigma in patients with schizophrenia seventeen themes and five themes-clusters were drawn up. Quantitative results showed that internalized stigma, self-esteem, mental health recovery and quality of life were significantly better in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Conclusion
Study findings indicate that this program for reducing internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia is effective and can be recommended as a rehabilitation program intervention to help patients with schizophrenia to cope with internalized stigma.
Keywords: Schizophrenia; Cognitive therapy; Behavioral therapy; Social stigma; Stereotyping

This manuscript is based on a part of the first author's doctoral dissertation from Pusan National University.

The authors declared no conflict of interest

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Table 1

Description of Mixed Method Study

Table 2

Description of Intervention

Table 3

Homogeneity of General Characteristics and Function (N=64)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; GAF=Global Assessment of Function; PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Table 4

Changes in Outcome Variables from Baseline to 16-week Follow-up (N=64)

^*by one-way repeated measured ANOVA; ^†by mixed ANOVA; Exp.=Experimental group (n=32); Cont.=Control group (n=32).

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Development and Effects of a Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Based Program in Reducing Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2016;46(3):349-363. Published online June 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.3.349

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Development and Effects of a Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Based Program in Reducing Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia

Table 1

Description of Mixed Method Study

Table 2

Description of Intervention

Table 3

Homogeneity of General Characteristics and Function (N=64)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; GAF=Global Assessment of Function; PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Table 4

Changes in Outcome Variables from Baseline to 16-week Follow-up (N=64)

^*by one-way repeated measured ANOVA; ^†by mixed ANOVA; Exp.=Experimental group (n=32); Cont.=Control group (n=32).

Table 1 Description of Mixed Method Study

Table 2 Description of Intervention

Table 3 Homogeneity of General Characteristics and Function (N=64)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; GAF=Global Assessment of Function; PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Table 4 Changes in Outcome Variables from Baseline to 16-week Follow-up (N=64)

^*by one-way repeated measured ANOVA; ^†by mixed ANOVA; Exp.=Experimental group (n=32); Cont.=Control group (n=32).