Sun Ah Park; Kyung Mi Sung

doi:10.4040/jkan.2014.44.3.339

Articles

Page Path: HOME > J Korean Acad Nurs > Volume 44(3); 2014 > Article

Original Article
Development of a Measurement of Stress for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patient: Sun Ah Park, Kyung Mi Sung; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2014;44(3):339-349.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.3.339
Published online: June 30, 2014

¹Department of Nursing, Suncheon First College, Suncheon, Korea.

²College of Nursing & Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Sung, Kyung Mi. College of Nursing & Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 816-15 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-751, Korea. Tel: +82-55-772-8246, Fax: +82-55-772-8222, sung@gnu.ac.kr

• Received: March 11, 2014 • Revised: April 1, 2014 • Accepted: June 12, 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

194 Views
2 Download
9 Crossref
6 Scopus

Full Article

Download PDF

Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
This study was done to develop a measurement for stress experienced by patients with schizophrenia during hospitalization.
Methods
The preliminary tool was developed through in-depth interviews and a validity verification test of content. For data collection, 15 inpatients with schizophrenia were selected as participants for in-depth interviews and 195 patients admitted to one of eight psychiatric hospitals in four provinces were recruited as participants to test reliability and validity of the preliminary tool.
Results
The questionnaire was developed as a four-point Likert-type scale in a self-report form with 28 items. Factor analysis showed 28 items in six factors. Factors were named 'Unjust human rights infringement', 'Futureless life', 'Alienation from other family members', 'Infringement of basic needs', 'Infringement of personal preference' and 'Inconvenience of shared living'. The six factors explained 63.5% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha for the total items was .93 and for the factors ranged from .65 to .87.
Conclusion
A tool to measure stress in patients hospitalized with schizophrenic was developed based on identified hospitalization stress experiences. Study results indicate that this tool can be used to evaluate hospitalization stress in these patients and will contribute to establishing nursing interventions for relief of hospitalization stress.
Keywords: Measurement; Stress; Hospitalization; Schizophrenia

REFERENCES

1. Seo MK, Kim CN, Rhee MK. Effect of biogenetic causal explanation and familiarity with mental illness on social distance toward persons with mental disorders. Korean J Health Psychol. 2010;15(1):123–141.Article
2. Seo MK. A study on human rights of the mentally ill. J Crit Soc Welf. 2005;20:89–117.
3. Chung IW, Hyun MH, Kim JN, Jang HS, Ra DS, Bae A, et al. Survey on clients and facilities of mental health institutions. Seoul: National Human Rights Commission of Korea; 2009.
4. Lee SW, Ro YJ, Kim TK. Differences in the characteristics of hospital stress between medical and surgical patients. J Nurs Acad Soc. 1989;19(1):99–107.Article PDF
5. Rüsch N, Müller M, Lay B, Corrigan PW, Zahn R, Schönenberger T, et al. Emotional reactions to involuntary psychiatric hospitalization and stigma-related stress among people with mental illness. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014;264(1):35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-013-0412-5Article PubMed PDF
6. Hann YS, Yang IH, Kim CE, Chung YC. The perceived stress in schizophrenic patient. Inje Med J. 1992;13(1):97–104.
7. Lee YY, Kee BS, Lee KH. A correlative analysis between psychosocial stress and depressive trend in psychiatric inpatients. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1990;29(5):1125–1138.
8. Jung JE. The hospital experience of psychiatric patient: A phenomenological approach. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2000;9(2):156–169.Article PDF
9. Nam KA. The seclusion experience of psychiatric patients [dissertation]. Seoul, Yonsei University. 2002.
10. Katsakou C, Rose D, Amos T, Bowers L, McCabe R, Oliver D, et al. Psychiatric patients' views on why their involuntary hospitalisation was right or wrong: A qualitative study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2012;47(7):1169–1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-011-0427-zArticle PubMed PDF
11. Kim GJ, Bae A, Cho NH. A comparative study on the therapeutic setting of the open and the closed ward in mental hospital. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1997;36(4):658–670.
12. Lee BH, Joe SH, Kwak DI. The evaluation of minor stressor in psychiatric patients: For the patient with anxiety or depressive disorder. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1996;35(5):969–981.
13. Topf M, Thompson S. Interactive relationships between hospital patients' noise-induced stress and other stress with sleep. Heart Lung. 2001;30(4):237–243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhl.2001.116592Article PubMed
14. Choi OS. A study of stress factors experienced by the hospitalized patients. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1975;5(1):93–111.Article PDF
15. Ahn JH, Lee JW, Lee KH. A study of relation between psychosocial stress and anxiety in psychiatric inpatient. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1990;29(5):1139–1154.
16. Burke HM, Davis MC, Otte C, Mohr DC. Depression and cortisol responses to psychological stress: A meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005;30(9):846–856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.02.010Article PubMed
17. Karademas EC, Tsagaraki A, Lambrou N. Illness acceptance, hospitalization stress and subjective health in a sample of chronic patients admitted to hospital. J Health Psychol. 2009;14(8):1243–1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105309345169Article PubMed PDF
18. Kim OH. A sense of humor as a moderator of the relationship between stressful life events and depression in psychiatric clients. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 1994;3(1):65–76.Article PDF
19. Lee SW, Hah YS, Park ES. A study on the rank of stressful events related to the experience of hospitalization. J Nurs Acad Soc. 1985;15(1):17–29.Article PDF
20. Kim CK, Lee JY, Song YS, Kim GH, Kim GR, Kim JW, et al. Development of the service satisfaction scale for psychiatric inpatients. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 2006;45(3):238–251.
21. Kwon HJ, Rho ES, Kwon SS, Kim KH, Yeoum SG, Song MS, et al. A grounded theory approach to the experiences of hospitalization. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2003;12(2):172–181.Article PDF
22. Elo S, Kyngäs H. The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs. 2008;62(1):107–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.xArticle PubMed
23. Waltz CF, Bausell BR. Nursing research: Design statistics and computer analysis. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company; 1981.
24. Lee EO, Gu MO, Kwon IG, Kim KS, Kim I, Kim JI, et al. Research evaluation and utilization. Seoul: Koonja; 2007.
25. Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1(3):385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
26. Cho MJ, Kim KH. Diagnostic validity of the CES-D (Korean version) in the assessment of DSM-III-R major depression. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1993;32(3):381–399.
27. Han SS, Lee SC. SPSS nursing and health statistical analysis. Seoul: Hyunmoon; 2006.
28. An SH, Park DS, Lee SM. The clinical application of ICF (International Classistication of Functioning, disability and health) for functional ability analysis of stroke patients. J Korean Acad Occup Ther. 2009;17(4):37–44.
29. Volicer BJ, Bohannon MW. A hospital stress rating scale. Nurs Res. 1975;24(5):352–359.Article PubMed
30. Lee JE, Yeul HM. Burden, self-esteem and hope in the family caregivers of mentally ill persons. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2003;12(3):268–278.Article PDF
31. Kim SH, Jo MW, Lee SI. Psychometric properties of the Korean short form-36 health survey version 2 for assessing the general population. Asian Nurs Res. 2013;7(2):61–66.Article

Table 1

Selected Literature for Development of the Semi-structured Questionnaire for In-depth Interviews

Table 2

Item-Total and Inter-Item Correlation and Reliability for Initial 50 Items (N=195)

Total Cronbach's α=.97; Range of Inter-item correlation: .06<r≤.61.

Table 3

Factor Analysis of the Stress Scale for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patient (N=195)

Table 4

Correlation between Patients' Stress and Depression (N=195)

Table 5

Reliability for Final 28 Items (N=195)

SEM=Standard error of measurement.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Factors that influence hospitalization stress in patients with chronic schizophrenia: A cross‐sectional study in psychiatric hospitals
Sumin Chai, Goun Kim
Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2025; 32(1): 102. CrossRef
Development and Effectiveness of a Foot Care Program for Patients with Schizophrenia Hospitalized During Psychiatric Care: A Mixed-Methods Study
Min Ji Jeong, Hyo Ja An
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2024; 33(4): 393. CrossRef
Development of a Self-Reported Communication Competence Questionnaire for Patients with Schizophrenia
Eun Ju Song, Sook Kyoung Park, Yun Bok Kwak
Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(4): 388. CrossRef
Effects of the Integrated Stress Management Program on Stress and Depression in Psychiatric Inpatients
Ji Eun Kim, Myung Sill Chung, Mi Sook Kwon, Sunah Kang, Jain Ko, Hyeon A Kang, Mi Hui Seo, Young Ok Song, Yoonyoung Nam
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2019; 28(3): 226. CrossRef
An Integrative Literature Review of Quality of Life Intervention Programs for Patients with Schizophrenia
Go-Un Kim, Eun Young Jung
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2018; 27(1): 28. CrossRef
The Effects of an Acceptance-Commitment Therapy Based Stress Management Program on Hospitalization Stress, Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-Being of Inpatients with Schizophrenia
Jae Woon Lee, Jae Hyun Ha
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(4): 443. CrossRef
Schizophrenic Patients' Perception and Nurses' Estimation of the Stress during Hospitalization in Psychiatric Ward
ByungJun Kim, Sookbin Im
Korean Journal of Stress Research.2017; 25(3): 201. CrossRef
Effects on Stress, Problem Solving Ability and Quality of Life of as a Stress Management Program for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patients: Based on the Stress, Appraisal-Coping Model of Lazarus & Folkman
Sun Ah Park, Kyung Mi Sung
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(4): 583. CrossRef
A Study on Stress, Coping Skill, Suicide Risk and Suicidal Ideation according to Treatment Phases of Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia
Jin Hee Ham, Kyung Mi Sung
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2016; 25(4): 338. CrossRef

Cite

CITE: export Copy Download Format; Close

Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:

RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software

Include:

Citation for the content below
Citation and abstract for the content below

Development of a Measurement of Stress for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patient

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2014;44(3):339-349. Published online June 30, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.3.339

XML Download

We recommend

Related articles

Development of a Reward Scale for Hospital Nurses

Development of a Measurement of Stress for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patient

Table 1

Selected Literature for Development of the Semi-structured Questionnaire for In-depth Interviews

Table 2

Item-Total and Inter-Item Correlation and Reliability for Initial 50 Items (N=195)

Total Cronbach's α=.97; Range of Inter-item correlation: .06<r≤.61.

Table 3

Factor Analysis of the Stress Scale for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patient (N=195)

Table 4

Correlation between Patients' Stress and Depression (N=195)

Table 5

Reliability for Final 28 Items (N=195)

SEM=Standard error of measurement.

Table 1 Selected Literature for Development of the Semi-structured Questionnaire for In-depth Interviews

Table 2 Item-Total and Inter-Item Correlation and Reliability for Initial 50 Items (N=195)

Total Cronbach's α=.97; Range of Inter-item correlation: .06<r≤.61.

Table 3 Factor Analysis of the Stress Scale for Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patient (N=195)