Gaeul Joo; Kyeong-Yae Sohng

doi:10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.424

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Original Article
Accuracy, Precision, and Validity of Fever Detection using Non-invasive Temperature Measurement in Adult Coronary Care Unit Patients with Pulmonary Catheters: Gaeul Joo, Kyeong-Yae Sohng; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2012;42(3):424-433.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.424
Published online: June 29, 2012

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Kyungin Women's College, Incheon, Korea.

²Professor, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Sohng, Kyeong-Yae. College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpodaero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea. Tel: +82-2-2258-7410, Fax: +82-2-2258-7772, sky@catholic.ac.kr

• Received: August 17, 2011 • Accepted: May 29, 2012

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the accuracy, precision and validity of fever detection of tympanic membrane (TM), temporal artery (TA) and axillary temperature (AT) compared with pulmonary artery temperature (PA).
Methods
Repeated-measures design was conducted for one year on 83 adult cardiac care unit patients with pulmonary artery catheters after open heart surgery. Sequential temperature measurements were taken three times at 20-minute intervals. Accuracy, precision, repeatability, and validity of fever detection were analyzed.
Results
Mean pulmonary artery temperature was 37.04℃ (SD 0.70℃). The mean (SD) offsets from PA, with the mean reflecting accuracy and SD reflecting precision, were -1.31℃ (0.75℃) for TA, -0.20℃ (0.24℃) for TM, and -0.97℃ (0.64℃) for AT. Percentage of pairs with differences within ±0.5℃ was 9.6% for TA, 19.7% for AT, and 91.6% for TM. Repeated measurements with all three methods had mean SD values within 0.04℃. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of tympanic measurements were 0.76, 1.0, and 1.0, and 0.90, respectively.
Conclusion
Results show that TM best reflects PA, and is most consistent, accurate, and precise. AT tends to underestimate PA, and TA is least accurate and precise. Therefore tympanic membrane measurement is a reliable alternative to other non-invasive methods of measuring temperatures.
Keywords: Body temperature; Thermometer

This research was supported by a research grant of the Catholic University of Korea in 2009.

REFERENCES

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Figure 1

Bland-Altman plots comparing the difference between pulmonary temperature and temperature measurements from other methods.

Table 1

Comparison of Pulmonary Artery, Temporal Artery, Tympanic Membrane and Axillary Temperatures^* (N=83)

PA=Pulmonary artery temperature; TA=Temporal artery temperature; TM=Tympanic membrane temperature; AT=Axillary temperature.

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 2

Matrix of Pearson Correlation Coefficients among Pulmonary Artery, Temporal Artery, Tympanic Membrane and Axillary Temperatures^* (N=83)

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 3

Variation in Repeated Measurement by Site^*

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 4

Validity of Temporal Artery, Tympanic and Axillary Temperatures to Predict Fever as Compared with Pulmonary Artery Temperature^* (N=83)

PPV=Positive predictive value; NPV=Negative predictive value.

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

Citations

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Accuracy, Precision, and Validity of Fever Detection using Non-invasive Temperature Measurement in Adult Coronary Care Unit Patients with Pulmonary Catheters

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2012;42(3):424-433. Published online June 29, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.424

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Accuracy, Precision, and Validity of Fever Detection using Non-invasive Temperature Measurement in Adult Coronary Care Unit Patients with Pulmonary Catheters

Figure 1 Bland-Altman plots comparing the difference between pulmonary temperature and temperature measurements from other methods.

Figure 1

Accuracy, Precision, and Validity of Fever Detection using Non-invasive Temperature Measurement in Adult Coronary Care Unit Patients with Pulmonary Catheters

Table 1

Comparison of Pulmonary Artery, Temporal Artery, Tympanic Membrane and Axillary Temperatures^* (N=83)

PA=Pulmonary artery temperature; TA=Temporal artery temperature; TM=Tympanic membrane temperature; AT=Axillary temperature.

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 2

Matrix of Pearson Correlation Coefficients among Pulmonary Artery, Temporal Artery, Tympanic Membrane and Axillary Temperatures^* (N=83)

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 3

Variation in Repeated Measurement by Site^*

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 4

Validity of Temporal Artery, Tympanic and Axillary Temperatures to Predict Fever as Compared with Pulmonary Artery Temperature^* (N=83)

PPV=Positive predictive value; NPV=Negative predictive value.

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 1 Comparison of Pulmonary Artery, Temporal Artery, Tympanic Membrane and Axillary Temperatures* (N=83)

PA=Pulmonary artery temperature; TA=Temporal artery temperature; TM=Tympanic membrane temperature; AT=Axillary temperature.

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 2 Matrix of Pearson Correlation Coefficients among Pulmonary Artery, Temporal Artery, Tympanic Membrane and Axillary Temperatures* (N=83)

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 3 Variation in Repeated Measurement by Site*

^*Total of 249 measurements per site.

Table 4 Validity of Temporal Artery, Tympanic and Axillary Temperatures to Predict Fever as Compared with Pulmonary Artery Temperature* (N=83)