Hyung-Jun Kim; Kang-Hyun Leem; Myoung-Hee Kim

doi:10.4040/jkan.2010.40.6.765

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Original Article
Correlation between Subjective and Objective Measurement of Climacteric Women's Hot Flashes: Hyung-Jun Kim, Kang-Hyun Leem, Myoung-Hee Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2010;40(6):765-774.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.6.765
Published online: December 31, 2010

¹Associate Professor, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea.

²Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Kim, Myoung-Hee. Department of Nursing, Semyung University, 579 Sinwol-dong, Jecheon 390-711, Korea. Tel: 82-43-649-1352, Fax: 82-43-649-1785, mh1352@semyung.ac.kr

• Received: July 22, 2010 • Accepted: December 28, 2010

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
The purposes of this study were to explain the phenomena of hot flashes in climacteric women by using Mexameter, Skin Thermometer, Corneometer, and Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager (LDPI) objectively and to identify the interrelation between the subjective and objective measurements of hot flashes by comparing the two as reported in retrospective questionnaires.
Methods
The participants were one hundred women (45-60 yr) who were not currently on hormone therapy, and had reached hot flash scores of 10 or higher. Hot flashes were measured in a temperature and humidity controlled room for 7 hr from 10 am to 5 pm. Hot flashes were measured subjectively and recorded via the Hot Flash Diary Report. When participants felt the hot flashes, they were measured objectively by Mexameter, Skin Thermometer, Corneometer, and LDPI.
Results
The frequency of hot flashes in participants ranged from 1 to 7 times. When hot flashes occurred in participants, the erythema, skin temperature, skin hydration, and blood perfusion showed statistically significant changes in all measurements. But, the subjective and objective measurements of hot flashes showed only weak correlations.
Conclusion
Results indicate a need for future research with subjective and objective measuring instruments chosen depending variations identified for the study.
Keywords: Climacteric; Hot flashes; Instrumentation

This study was supported by a grant of the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (B08-0042).

REFERENCES

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Figure 1

Differences in redness, skin temperature, skin hydration, and blood perfusion between baseline and hot flashes.

^*p<.001.

AU=Arbitrary unit.

Table 1

General Characteristics of Participants (N=100)

BMI=body mass index.

Table 2

The Frequency of Hot Flashes of Participants (N=100)

^*Measure in a temperature and humidity-controlled laboratory room for 7 hours from 10 am to 5 pm.

Table 3

Descriptive Statistics of Subjective and Objective Measures (N=100)

^*Visual Analogue Scale; ^†Retrospective measure; ^‡Measure in a temperature and humidity-controlled laboratory room; ^§Arbitrary unit.

Table 4

The Correlations between Subjective Measures and Objective Measures (N=100)

VAS=Visual analogue scale.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Correlation between Subjective and Objective Measurement of Climacteric Women's Hot Flashes

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010;40(6):765-774. Published online December 31, 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.6.765

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Figure

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Correlation between Subjective and Objective Measurement of Climacteric Women's Hot Flashes

Figure 1 Differences in redness, skin temperature, skin hydration, and blood perfusion between baseline and hot flashes. *p<.001. AU=Arbitrary unit.

Figure 1

Correlation between Subjective and Objective Measurement of Climacteric Women's Hot Flashes

Table 1

General Characteristics of Participants (N=100)

BMI=body mass index.

Table 2

The Frequency of Hot Flashes of Participants (N=100)

^*Measure in a temperature and humidity-controlled laboratory room for 7 hours from 10 am to 5 pm.

Table 3

Descriptive Statistics of Subjective and Objective Measures (N=100)

^*Visual Analogue Scale; ^†Retrospective measure; ^‡Measure in a temperature and humidity-controlled laboratory room; ^§Arbitrary unit.

Table 4

The Correlations between Subjective Measures and Objective Measures (N=100)

VAS=Visual analogue scale.

Table 1 General Characteristics of Participants (N=100)

BMI=body mass index.

Table 2 The Frequency of Hot Flashes of Participants (N=100)

^*Measure in a temperature and humidity-controlled laboratory room for 7 hours from 10 am to 5 pm.

Table 3 Descriptive Statistics of Subjective and Objective Measures (N=100)

^*Visual Analogue Scale; ^†Retrospective measure; ^‡Measure in a temperature and humidity-controlled laboratory room; ^§Arbitrary unit.

Table 4 The Correlations between Subjective Measures and Objective Measures (N=100)