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Original Article
Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy
Kyeong-Sook Cha, Ok-Hee Cho, So-Yeon Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2010;40(2):298-305.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.2.298
Published online: April 30, 2010

1Registered Nurse, Department of Infection Control, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea.

2Full-time Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Hyechon University, Daejeon, Korea.

3Unit Manager, Department of Infection Control, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea

Address reprint requests to: Yoo, So-Yeon. Department of Infection Control, St. Vincent's Hospital, 93-6 Ji-dong, Paldal-gu, Suwon 442-723, Korea. Tel: 82-31-249-7858, Fax: 82-31-249-7838, icpyou@hanmail.net
• Received: February 4, 2010   • Revised: February 5, 2010   • Accepted: April 16, 2010

Copyright © 2010 Korean Society of Nursing Science

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  • Purpose
    The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) after craniotomy.
  • Methods
    This study was a retrospective case-control study of 103 patients who had craniotomies between March 2007 and December 2008. A retrospective review of prospectively collected databases of consecutive patients who underwent craniotomy was done. SSIs were defined by using the Centers for Disease Control criteria. Twenty-six cases (infection) and 77 controls (no infection) were matched for age, gender and time of surgery. Descriptive analysis, t-test, χ2-test and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis.
  • Results
    The statistical difference between cases and controls was significant for hospital length of stay (>14 days), intensive care unit stay more than 15 days, Glasgrow Coma Scale (GCS) score (≤7 days), extra-ventricular drainage and coexistent infection. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression and included hospital length of stay of more than 14 days (odds ratio [OR]=23.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.53-216.11) and GCS score (≤7 scores) (OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.64-13.50).
  • Conclusion
    The results of this study show that patients are at high risk for infection when they have a low level of consciousness or their length hospital stay is long term. Nurses have to take an active and continuous approach to infection control to help with patients having these risk factors.
  • Keywords: Craniotomy; Risk factors; Health care-associated infections
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Table 1
General Characteristics of the Patients
jkan-40-298-i001.jpg

ICU=intensive care unit; GCS=glasgow coma scale.

Table 2
Comparison of Surgical Site Infections Associated Variables between Infection and Non-infection Group
jkan-40-298-i002.jpg

ASA=American society of anesthesiologists; NNIS risk index=national nosocomial infection surveillance risk index; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

Table 3
Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Univariate Analysis
jkan-40-298-i003.jpg

OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; GCS=glasgow coma scale; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

Table 4
Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Stepwise Logistic Regression
jkan-40-298-i004.jpg

OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; GCS=glasgow coma scale; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

Figure & Data

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        Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy
        J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010;40(2):298-305.   Published online April 30, 2010
        DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.2.298
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      We recommend
      Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy
      Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy

      General Characteristics of the Patients

      ICU=intensive care unit; GCS=glasgow coma scale.

      Comparison of Surgical Site Infections Associated Variables between Infection and Non-infection Group

      ASA=American society of anesthesiologists; NNIS risk index=national nosocomial infection surveillance risk index; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

      Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Univariate Analysis

      OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; GCS=glasgow coma scale; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

      Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Stepwise Logistic Regression

      OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; GCS=glasgow coma scale; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.
      Table 1 General Characteristics of the Patients

      ICU=intensive care unit; GCS=glasgow coma scale.

      Table 2 Comparison of Surgical Site Infections Associated Variables between Infection and Non-infection Group

      ASA=American society of anesthesiologists; NNIS risk index=national nosocomial infection surveillance risk index; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

      Table 3 Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Univariate Analysis

      OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; GCS=glasgow coma scale; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

      Table 4 Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Stepwise Logistic Regression

      OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; GCS=glasgow coma scale; EVD=extra-ventricular drainage.

      Table 1

      Table 2

      Table 3

      Table 4

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