The Purpose of this study is to examine closely the causes influenced upon the comfort, and recovery of the woman delivered of a child in the hospital, at the same time, to understand environmental status of hospitals in order to promote mother's health recovery, and to improve hospital environment by emphasizing the meaning of environment and health before the medical staff and hospital administrative authority. In the method of survery of the research, 165 post partum patients have been randomly selected who were accomodated and delivered their babies at OB( obstetric ) & GY (Gynecologic) unit the 7 general hospitals for the period of 6 December 1976through 17 December 1976 As for the survey, it has been used of questionnaire where we have 65 items in the res pect of personal environment in the hospital such as trusting nurse, ability, reliability, kindness and etignette of nurse and the character of nurse, the relationhsip with patients, the other respectof physical environment included of temperature, moisture, airventilation, lightening noise, cleanness, facilities, and the third realm being of mother's harch ground, to have the following conclusion. 1. The feature of the collected personnel they are from OB or GY section,from OB unit of the other 5 hospitals except the two general hospitals of the college or school Otherwise, the rate of the patients to nurses would be 9 :I . As for the nurses' ground, it would be appeared of 20-25 years of age as the 76%, either 3 year course or 4 year course in the education would be each 50% and less than 2 year experience case would record as of 60%. In the respect of hospital physical environmental status, there we have two hospitals without any thermometers,on the other hand nowhere there's hygrometer, otherwise, the lightening is normal or over than normal. As for the structure of noise protection, the corridors' re, generally speaking worse than rooms, nevertheless, there's no ventilating system in the hospitals. The rooms're painted in white and yellow, light green, white, or green color. The patient' s clothings were in green, pink, blue, light green or in white color. There're not anything special in both decoration and equipments. Most of them used tall beds except in one hospital. 2. To the extent of perception of patient's hatch ground and hospital environment, it is presented that they perceived nurse's ability in highest in total human variable, though perceived kindness or etiquette in the lowest, otherise, comparatively high in total average. 3. In the respect of physical environment it is highest perceived of lightening terms, othe rwise, lowest perceived of air ventilation, and total average became lowest than the one of the original record 4. To ages, in the respect of hatch groun4 rather old aged mother than the younger one has perceived that nurse would be trusting, in good service character, able, at the same time, liable. Otherwise, in physical environment, regardless of age, they perceived lightening in high and remarkably lower in ventilation As a result of the examination of the difference in hospital environment to each age, it is appeared of statistical difference at 5 % level of ability in the personal environment, otherwise little difference as for physical environment, 5. In the respect of perceiving level to educational standard it is highly perceived of personal environment for higher ranking group rather than lower group in the educational standard In case of physical environment, it is highly perceived for lower level group rather than higher level group in educational background The variables which haue statistical sighificance at 5 % level are from trusting, kindness, etiquette and total kindness, etipuette and total al significance at 5 % level are from trusting, kindness, etiquette and total human enuironment variable in personal environment, otherwise, there's little difference in the physical environment. 6. The perceiving level due to times of admission and accomodation at the hospital would be cleared out as gradual higher perception both physical and personal environment in the hospital At 5 % siguificant level of the ventilation condition in physical environmental variable it is presented of meaningful difference otherwise, there we have little difference both in personal variable and other one. 7. In accordance with living standard, the perception degree of personal environment in tee hospital would be inclined to increase to higher living standard, on the other hand, in case of the physical environment, the perception level wonid increase to lower living standard. At 5 % level, the trustuariable and total scores in the personal eicuironmectal variable there appeared a meaningful/ significant difference otherwise, there presented little difference both in physical environmental and other variable to the living standard. 8. Pertaining to family unit, the mother of an independant family unit perceived highly in all respect of the personal and the physical environment in the hospital rather than the woman of succeeding family unit. At 5 % level, there appeared a difference in the respect of kindness and etiquette both in personal environment variable, on the other hand, there hardly marked a difference between other variable and physical environmental one. 9. The degree of perception to comforting level has little connection with a statistical difference the age, educational level, hospital admitting times, living standard or family unit. 10. The most effective variable to mother's comforting level will be nurse's ability, reliability, trusting manner, and total physical environment variable in order.

Necessity and purpose of this study; In a large nurnbar of countries it has been founded that children's domestic accidents are at great risk year by year, In the United States, they publish detailed accident statistics at regular intervals. In Korea, there hava been just a few studies on Accidents-At-Home of preschool children. But it can not be said that there have been any systematic statistics about this area, and any study accounting for the relations of home accidents and preschool children in detail. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was focused on the inquire of these relations 30 a3 to make a little contribution to Korean preschool children's health and security measures. So, the detail-purposes are to study following questions and to testify following hypothesis. Prob. 1. What the types of accidents of preschool children, where the place accidents occurred? Prob. 2. What the cause of accidents and, the main factors of the cause? Prob. 3. How about the number of their children, the disparity of age among their children, and mother's ags in each case of accidents? hypothesis 1. There will be differences in the density of protection of parents according to the-number of their children. hypothesis 2. There will be differences in accident-types and first-aid methods according to-parents socio- ecnomic background. Method; This study employed the interviewing survey method, in which 130 preschool children were random- sampled, who visit hospital to have medical care. These children (from 1 to 6 years olds) were selected at the emergency room of fiva hospitals in Seoul (Hosp; Severance, Woosok, Medical Center, Hanyang Medical College Hos pital and Seoul Medical Collage Hospital during study-period(from Aug. to Oct. 1973). Four head nurses in above Hospitals were employed as accident memsers for this study. Concerning research analysis, the method of hypothesis verifying is used. Conclusion; As two American experts on this subject, Dr. Raymond Neutra and Mr. Ross Me Farland have drawn attention to "minor epidemics of accidents" that could be avoided by fairly simple measures, preschool children's accidents could be avoided by parents' fair attentions. In orther words, one of the most common causes of preschool children's accidents derived from their parent's inattention. Therefore, one important task on this subjct is to instruct the parents fairly about the children's accidents. Many accidents could be avoided by the exercise of a little self-discipline. Also, as much the prevention of accidents is important, as the first-aid is important and necessary at the case of the accidents. So, the methods of proper first-aid treatment must be emphasized, and must be taught in school, especially in girls school. And there could be other msans available for prevention of firstly, the public authorities can take legal measures. More stringent safety standards can be made enforceable by law, Building materials and equipment for domsstic use ought to meet. minimum safety criteria at all times. Next the public itself has t0 understand the seriousness of the problem, and here the dissemination of information is of great importance. All mass media should be brought into play to promote greater public awareness of the question. At last, it will be needed to obtain ''more detailed epidemiological data through additional surveys and statistics after this study.

In this article, the writer attempted to study the followings: (1) mother's knowledge of milk feeding (including method of sterilization, formula and feeding) (2) reasons of artificial feeding (3) how much mothers are concerned about their artificial feeding infants (4) condition of growth and development of artificial feeding infants. As the object of study, 98 mothers with artificial feeding infants, who had consulted dep't, of pediatrics of two Hospitals in Seoul (Korea Hospital and Med. College Woo Suk Hospital, Korea Uni.) and well baby clinic of the two Health Centers (Sung Dong and Dongdaemoon), were randomly sampled. The data were treated by the statistic method of chi-square and percentage, and come to the following conclusion. 1. Knowledge of milk feeding Sterilization: 70 percentages of mothers know about the milk sterilization (inclu- ding bottle, nipple and instrument), but 55 percentages of them do not know the nipple sterilization correctly. Formula: 69 percentages of mothers follow the indicator or in accordance with doctor's directions, but 31 percentages do at their option by reasons that the baby often coughs up the milk, the baby is too small, the baby often has digestive troubles, or the baby grow fleshy heavily etc, except family econo- mic problems. Feeding: only half of mothers know the correct feeding method, especially they do not know how to determine the heat degree of milk and how to bubble up the baby correctly. They just do feeding according to the accepted usages. 2. Reasons of artificial feeding Of the reasons of artificial feeding, 18 percentages were caused by infants and 82 percentages by mothers. Most of the reasons are mainly due to the lack of breast milk and sufficient supply of nourishments rather than mother's def- iciency or mother's abnormality. 3. Mother's concern for artificial feeding infants Mothers who are sharply concerned for their artificial feeding baby's growth and development: 63%, mothers who made the baby (artificial feeding infant) routine vaccinated: 81%. mothers who prepare the milk for baby themselves: 81%, mothers who ear anxious about the baby's future personality forming : 68%, mothers who care about the baby's condition of nourishment; 60%, mothers who are anxious about the selection of baby's food; 54%. 4. The growth and development of artificial feeding infants compared with Korean average infants. The artificial feeding infants are above the Korean average infants in stature by 1.21 centimeters and in weight by 0.3 kilograms. Conclusion: It has been said that there is no better food for infant than the breast milk. However, the artificial feeding has been used for the supplement of nourish- ments and as substitute food for the breast milk. And this artificial feeding could give the married women the chance to act in society and more opportunity to develop themselves and to work for others at home and other fields. Considering these advantages, artificial feeding should not be exclusive, but preferably should be more improved and inquired positively. And even in artificial feeding, what is most important is that mothers should recognize the requirement and need of artificial feeding clearly and correctly, and they should be accustomed to the correct knowledge and skills of artificial feeding in order to practice it appropriately. In some degree, they should be properly trained in school education process.