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Research Papers
- Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Ischemic Stroke Distress Scale (ISDS)
- Kang, Jaejin , Yoo, Yang-Sook
- J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(1):12-27. Published online February 28, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22090
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Abstract
PDF - Purpose
This study aimed to develop a scale to measure distress in patients with ischemic stroke and verify its validity and reliability.
Methods
Preliminary items were developed from literature review and in-depth interviews. The final preliminary scale was confirmed through a content validity test of eight experts and a preliminary survey of 10 stroke patients. The participants for psychometric testing were 305 stroke patients in the outpatient clinic. Validity and reliability analyses included item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, known-group validity, and internal consistency of the scale.
Results
The final scale consisted of 17 items and 3 factors. The three distinct factors were ‘self-deprecation, worry about future health, and withdrawal from society’ and this structure was validated using a confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was supported by comparison with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (r = .54, p < .001) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (r = .67, p < .001). Known-groups validity was verified by dividing groups according to ‘duration since diagnosis’ (t = 2.65, p = .009), ‘presence of sequela’ (t = 10.16, p < .001), and ‘awareness of distress’ (t = 12.09, p < .001). The internal consistency of the scale using Cronbach’s α for the total items was .93.
Conclusion
The Ischemic Stroke Distress Scale is a valid and reliable tool that reflects stroke distress effectively. It is expected to be used as a basic tool to develop various intervention strategies to reduce distress in ischemic stroke patients.
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- Effects of Second Victim Experiences after Patient Safety Incidents on Nursing Practice Changes in Korean Clinical Nurses: The Mediating Effects of Coping Behaviors
- Jeong, Seohee , Jeong, Seok Hee
- J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(4):489-504. Published online August 31, 2021
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21089
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Abstract
PDF
- Purpose
This study was investigated the mediating effect of coping behaviors in the relationship between the second victim experiences after patient safety incidents and the nursing practice changes.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was performed using structured questionnaires. Participants were 218 clinical nurses in general tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through an online survey and snowball sampling from August 11 to September 6 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program. A mediation analysis was performed using multiple regression and a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval.
Results
The mean scores of second victim experiences was 3.41/5. Approach coping (β = .55, p < .001) and the avoidant coping (β = - .23, p = .001) showed mediation effects in the relationship between second victim experiences and constructive change in nursing practice. Avoidant coping (β = .29, p < .001) showed a mediation effect in the relationship between second victim experiences and defensive change in nursing practice.
Conclusion
Coping behaviors has a mediating effect on the relationship between second victim experiences and nursing practice changes. To ensure that nurses do not experience second victim, medical institutions should have a culture of patient safety that employs a systematic approach rather than blame individuals. They also need to develop strategies that enhance approach coping and reducing avoidant coping to induce nurses’ constructive practice changes in clinical nurses in experiencing second victims due to patient safety incidents. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Factors influencing negative outcomes for nurses who experience patient safety incidents: An integrative review
Hanseulgi Lee, Nam‐Ju Lee, Nari Kim
International Nursing Review.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - How does just culture reduce negative work outcomes through second victim distress and demand for support in clinical nurses? A path analysis
Seohee Jeong, Sunmi Kim, Hyoung Eun Chang, Seok Hee Jeong
BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Changes in Nursing Practice Among Clinical Nurses After Experiencing a Patient Safety Incident: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling
Sunmi Kim, Seohee Jeong, Seok Hee Jeong, Majd Mrayyan
Journal of Nursing Management.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - “Learn from Errors”: Post-traumatic growth among second victims
Huanhuan Huang, Tong Liu, Ying Peng, Xingyao Du, Qi Huang, Qinghua Zhao, Mingzhao Xiao, Yetao Luo, Shuangjiang Zheng
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Nurse Leader Perspectives and Experiences on Caregiver Support Following a Serious Medical Error
Marie M. Prothero, Madeline Sorhus, Katherine Huefner
JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration.2024; 54(12): 664. CrossRef - Prevalence of the second victim phenomenon among intensive care unit nurses and the support provided by their organizations
Maria Kappes, Pilar Delgado‐Hito, Verónica Riquelme Contreras, Marta Romero‐García
Nursing in Critical Care.2023; 28(6): 1022. CrossRef - The mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between second victim experience and professional quality of life among nurses: a cross-sectional study
Xizhao Li, Chong Chin Che, Yamin Li, Ling Wang, Mei Chan Chong
BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Associations among workplace incivility, stress coping, and nursing performance in hospital nurses: A path analysis
Eun Ha Kim, Yeojin Yi
Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2023; 55(4): 834. CrossRef - Influence of Clinical Nurses’ Second-Victim Experience and Second-Victim Support in Relation to Patient Safety Incidents on Their Work-Related Outcomes
Su Jin Jung, Youngjin Lee, Sun Hyoung Bae
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(4): 331. CrossRef - Profiles of second victim symptoms and desired support strategies among Korean nurses: A latent profile analysis
Eun Young Choi, Jeehee Pyo, Minsu Ock, Haeyoung Lee
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2022; 78(9): 2872. CrossRef
- Factors influencing negative outcomes for nurses who experience patient safety incidents: An integrative review
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