Amongst varieties of clinical nursing role, the administration of medication is often highlighted as of prime importance. In order to attain data for the improvement of teaching strategies of medication, diagnostic evaluation of the knowledge level is a necessity. This study was performed from August through December 1975. 449 registered nurses, randomly sampled from general hospitals;16 of Seoul and 7 of Taegu and Pusan, were tested through 54 test questionaires based on 4 practical dimensions of administration of medication. Results are as follows; 1. Status of respondents; Length of clinical experiences;the average length revealed to be 2 years and 7 months. 72% revealed to have had less than 3 years of experience;38.6%-less than 1 year, 19 .2%-over 1 year and less than 2 years, and 14. 2%-over 2 years and less than 3 years. Type of Nursing education received;9.4% revealed to have graduated technical high school of nursing, 67.5% the 3 year diploma school and 21.7% the baccalaureate degree program. The knowledge Level; Degree of self-satisfaction on knowledge level revealed that;27. 4% responded to "more or less satisfied", 48.8% to "more or less un-satisfied" and 19.8% to "not satisfied". The average level of basic knowledge revealed to be moderate by 66.95 points. The level of knowledge of 4 questionaire categories revealed that;drug action category by average of 66. 5 points, methodology category by 65. 4 points, safety measure category by 71.4 points and terminology and concepts category by 64.6 points. Questionaire items which revealed high points are of;6 of drug action category, 4 of methodology, 4 of safety measure, and 3 of terminology. The items of low points are;8of drug action, 3 of methodology, 3 of safety measure and 5 of terminolology categories. 3. The type of nursing education revealed to have no significant influence on the level of knowledge on the administration of medication. 4. The length of clinical experience revealed to have no significant influence on the level of knowledge. 5. 75.1% responded that the actual practice of medication modes are similar to that included in the fundamentals of nursing course. 6. In-service education on medication; 54.0% revealed to have some incidental in-service education on medication while 34.0% receive programmed in-service education. 61.8% revealed to have expressed the need of systemic in-service education as one of the means for improvement of medication. 32.7% revealed to obtain information concerning medicine by reading commercial publications on drug package, while only 20.9% by reading specific information channel.

Nursing as it is practiced and taught, historically has been viewed as natural science. There are new movements to create a paradigm of nursing in the human sciences. A natural science methodologies elicit quantitative data from observable phenomena and reveal is the study of Unitary Man's participative experience in a situation, the simultaneity paradigm. In a theory of nursing rooted in human science assumptions about man and health are synthesized, and the practice of nursing is continuously expanded through research. To find independent nursing interventions especially cognitive nursing intervention models it has been necessary to consult a multitude of journals and text sources for references, and no one nursing textbook can be used in help patients achieve nursing goals. The goals of nursing in the simultaneity paradigm focus on the quality of life from the person's perspective. Cognitive interventions based on the person's perspective were selected from those that colleagues deemed appropriate to nursing and those that were identified in the nursing literature. They were supportive nursing care, reminiscence, meditation, relaxation and imagery. Nurses have been reluctant to make diagnoses, implement actions, and assume responsibility for this actions and this is of concern but can be understood because nurses have had little exposure to action and lack an intervention armamentarium from with which to choose actions to achieve nursing goals. Efforts in nursing education and nursing service are required to remedy this problem. Nurses must be convinced of the challenge and excitement associated with autonomous functioning. It is a characteristic of the true professional. Traditionally, nursing has prescribed on method for handling a situation. Fundamental nursing texts usually only present one way to handle a situation, because alternative interventions to achieve a client goal may be available. Considerably more research is necessary before these can be prescribed. However, unless a first step is taken, progress will not be made. The quality of health care or nursing care is enhanced when nurses transform dilemmas into committed action. This is apparent from widespread experiences of nurses.

This study investigated the effect of supportive nursing care including modified guided imagery on the discomfort, self-esteem, erythrocyte semdimentation rate(ESR) and quality of life(O.L.) in persons with rheumatoid arthritis(R.A.). The purpose was to contribute to the development of theoretical nursing care to enhance the Q.L. of persons with chronic illness. From Nov. 22, 1990 to May 2, 1991, 49 patients registered at a rheumatic clinic at one general hospital in Seoul, were accepted according to the research criteria as subjects for this study. Among these, 26 were selected for an experimental group to be treated with an interpersonal interview and modified guided imagery, the, other 23 became the control group not treated for the purpose of measuring and comparing the effect of the treatment. Statistical analysis was done by a SAS program for X2-test, unpaired t-test, Person correlation coefficients and factor analysis. The results were as follows : 1. The pre-experimental discomfort level of the total subject group averaged 25.42 (S.D.=8.77), and the difference between the pre/post experimental discomfort levels of the two groups was not statistically significant. 2. The pre-experimental self-esteem scores of the total subject group averaged 27.48 (S.D.=3.95), and the difference between the pre/post experimental self-esteem scores of the two group was not statistically significant. 3. The pre-experimental Q.L. scores of the total subject group averaged 28.70 (S.D.=5.99), and the difference between the pre/post experimental Q.L. score of the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.1748, df=47, p=.0347). 4. The pre-experimental mean of the ESR of the total subject group was 34.48 S.D.=19.50)mm, and the difference between the pre/post experimental ESR scores of the two groups was not statistically significant. 5. The Family support scores of the total subject group averaged 41.28(S.D.=10.27). 6. The total subject group Q.L. score was correlated with self-esteem score(r=.3984, p=.0046). In this study, supportive nursing care including modified guided imagery increased the quality of life scores for this group of persons with R.A. significantly. So the concept of supportive nursing care of this study may be effective in enhancing the quality of life persons with chronic illness. Further investigations related to the methodology and with other groups of clients was recommended.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the vital sign as an instrument of stress reaction measurement. From July to August 1986, stress reaction was evaluated by the difference of endoscopic vital sign on 93 G-I troubled out-patients who underwent end-oscopy for the first time and did not have any evidence of cardiovascular disease. The data were analysed by .x(2)-test, Paired. t-test, ANCOVA and Multiple Comparison Test. The result of study were as follows; 1. The frequency of gastric disease was differed by the family type, and the mobility of gastritis and gastric cancer were more increased in nuclear family than in large family (p=0.019). 2. In a comparison of before with after 5 minutes endoscopic vital sign, and a pulse rate (p=0. 0001), respiration rate (p=0. 0001), systolic blood pressure (p=0. 0002) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.006) were significantly increased after 5minutes by end-oscony in contrast with before 5minutes. 3. The control of before 5 minutes of endoscopic vital sign, after 5 minutes of endoscopic systolic (p=0. 024) and diastolic bluud pressure (p=0. 0146) were more elevated in biopsyed group than in non-biopsyed group. And after 5minutes of endoscopic respiration rate was more increased in gastric cancer than in gastritis (p=0.0406) or gastric ulcer (p= 0. 0073). And after 5 minutes of endoscopic systolic blood pressure was elevated over 50years old men (p=0. 0238). fa short, the increase of a pulse rate af ter 5 minutes of endoscopy was not influenced by general characteristics of samples in this experiment. And systolic blood pressure over 50years old men must be considered of physiological hypertension.

With the occurrence of cancer, most cancer patients experience various emotional changes such as anxiety, depression, and emotional shock. Especially in our country, cancer has been recognized as an incurable disease resulting in death. The number of cancer patients increases daily. But as the survival rate of cancer patients is also increasing, there is a need to find the better methods of nursing care for cancer patients. The purposes of this paper are as follows : 1) To understand family support and hope and quality of life for the cancer patient both during hospitalization and at home. 2) To determine the relationship between family support, hope and quality of life. To examine the problems, we used a questionnaire and obtained data form the records of 45 home care and 94 hospitalized(in 3 university hospitals) Patients in Taegu area from the period of June 15 to August 15, 1996. SPSS /PC was used for the data analysis and the statistical methods used were the T-test and ANOVA. The results of this paper are as follow : 1 ) In the aspect of family support, there is no difference between hospitalized and home care cancer patients(t=1.63, P>0.01 ). 2) In the aspect of hope, hospitalized cancer patients have a higher score than home care cancer patients (t=3.08, P>0.01 ) 3) In the aspect of quality of life, hospitalized cancer patients have a higher score than home care patients(t=2.96, P<.01). 4) There is a correlation between quality of life and hope with a correlation coefficient r=0.5199 and P=0.000. In addition. the correlation coefficient between quality of life and family support is 4179 with P =0.000. 5) The family support of the cancer patient is influenced by sex(F=9.1863, P<0.01), education(F=4.3641, P<0.01) and the level of life (F=5.5002, P<0.01 ). 6) The hope of cancer patients is influenced by the number of hospitalizations (F=3.6413, P<.05), education(F=B.01 13, P<.01 ) and the level of life (F=5.0649, P <.01 ). 7) The quality of life of cancer patients is influenced by the number of hospitalization( F=5.1167, P<0.05), education( F=3.1590, P<0.01 ) and the level of life (F=5.6942, P<1.01 ).

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• The Influences of Family Support on the Meaning of Life in Cancer Patients
  Min Jung Kim, Min Sung Kim
  Journal of Families and Better Life.2023; 41(2): 19.     CrossRef
• Needs of Hospice Care and Quality of Life for Cancer Patients
  In Sun Suh, Mi Hwa Shin, Se Hwa Hong
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2010; 13(2): 89.     CrossRef

The study was to examine the relationships among health promoting lifestyle, level of anxiety, and perceived health status and to reveal those variables affecting health promoting lifestyle in Korean immigrants in the United States. The subjects were 425 adults chosen from Korean religious and social organizations located in New York from April 25th through July 5th, 1996. Data analyses were conducted by using pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows : Health promoting lifestyle was significantly different according to age, religion, occupation, and the length of residence in the US. Those insured and those with no chronic conditions revealed a significantly higher score in health promoting lifestyle. Significant differences in the level of anxiety were found according to education, marital status, occupation, family income, and the length of residence. Those with no chronic conditions experienced a significantly lower level of anxiety. In the subscales of the health promoting lifestyle profile, self-actualization and interpersonal relationship revealed higher scores, whereas the scores of stress management, health responsibility, and exercise were lower. Those subjects whose perceived health status was very good, showed the lowest level of anxiety and the highest score on the health promoting lifestyle profile. Negative correlations were observed between the health promoting lifestyle profile and the level of anxiety, and between the perceived health status and the level of anxiety. Health promoting lifestyle was significantly predicted by the level of anxiety(22.0%), age(2.0%), health insurance(1.1%), respectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Effects of yoga exercise on maximum oxygen uptake, cortisol level, and creatine kinase myocardial bond activity in female patients with skeletal muscle pain syndrome
  Min-Sung Ha, Yeong-Ho Baek, Jong-Won Kim, Do-Yeon Kim
  Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2015; 27(5): 1451.     CrossRef

In This study was carried out to describe and analyze experimental studies conducted in graduates nursing degree. Of 170 experimental studies conducted during the past three decades between 1962 and August 1991, 150 studies were available, including 124 master's and 26 doctoral theses. This study examined their general characteristics and detailed research methods using percentiles. The results were as follows: 1. Most of the studies adopted a quasi-experimental design. 2. The subjects of the studies were chosen by convenience sampling except for two studies whose subjects were drawn by randomization. Studies comparing experimental and control groups were in the highest proportion and the most frequent sample sizes of each group were 21 to 30 for both experimental and control groups. 3. As to measurement, physiological measures were most frequent followed by psychsociological measures and active report questionnaires. Each study, on average, adopted two kind of measurement tools. Studies in which the data collection period was of 1~2 months were in the highest proportion. 4. All doctoral theses and 67.0% of master's theses examined specific research hypotheses. Of these studies, the results of 92.5% supported the hypotheses. 5. Parametric statistics were the major analytical methods. In particular, t-test was used most frequently followed by Chi square, F test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficients. 6. Patients were the most frequent study subjects. Frequent nursing interventions were information and education followed by support, distraction, and nursing treatments. 7. With regards to the dependent variables, "feelings" such as anxiety, pain, and depression were most frequent. In addition, "exchanging" such as restoring, metabolism, cardiopulmonary function, infection and vital signs were adopted as the dependent variables in 29.1% of the studies examined, while 12.3% of the studies selected "choosing" such as stress, health behavior, or role performance.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to compare home care nursing intervention activities analyzed by the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) system for hospice and general patients.
METHOD
For the descriptive survey study, data was collected by reviewing charts of 151 hospice patients and 421 general patients who registered in the department of home health care nursing at K Hospital.
RESULTS
According to the NIC system application, there were 2380 total nursing interventions used for the hospice patients and 8725 for the general home care patients. For both sets of patients (hospice vs. general), the most frequently used nursing intervention in level 1 was the Physiological: Complex domain (40.13 vs. 31.06 percent), followed by the Safety domain; in level 2, the Risk Management class (28.4 vs. 27.70 percent), followed by Tissue Perfusion Management; and in level 3, Vital Sign Monitoring (6.18 vs. 4.84 percent), followed by Health Screening.
CONCLUSION
The study showed that there was a lack of specialized hospice nursing interventions such as emotional, family and spiritual support, and care for dying hospice patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Nurses’ perceptions of spiritual care and attitudes toward the principles of dying with dignity: A sample from Turkey
  Eylem Pasli Gurdogan, Duygu Kurt, Berna Aksoy, Ezgi Kınıcı, Ayla Şen
  Death Studies.2017; 41(3): 180.     CrossRef
• Home-Based Hospice Care Provided by a Free-Standing Hospice Center: Patients’ Characteristics and Service Conditions
  Hyoung Suk Kim, Kyung Ja June, Young Sun Son
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2016; 19(2): 145.     CrossRef
• Korean hospice nursing interventions using the Nursing Interventions Classification system: A comparison with the USA
  Sung‐Jung Hong, Eunjoo Lee
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2014; 16(4): 434.     CrossRef
• Current and Future of Hospice and Palliative Care in South Korea
  Boon Han Kim
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2011; 14(4): 191.     CrossRef
• Nursing interventions to promote dignified dying in South Korea
  Kae-Hwa Jo, Ki-Wol Sung, Ardith Z Doorenbos, Elizabeth Hong, Tessa Rue, Amy Coenen
  International Journal of Palliative Nursing.2011; 17(8): 392.     CrossRef
• Cognition and Needs for Hospice Care among Parents of Children with Cancer
  Hyun Young Koo, Sun Hee Choi, Ho Ran Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing.2009; 15(3): 325.     CrossRef
• Hospice and Hospice Care in Korea: Evolution, Current Status, and Challenges
  Bok Yae Chung, Yu Xu, Chanyeong Kwak
  Home Health Care Management & Practice.2005; 18(1): 73.     CrossRef
• Development of a Clinical Protocol for Home Hospice Care for Koreans
  Won-Hee Lee, Chang-geol Lee
  Yonsei Medical Journal.2005; 46(1): 8.     CrossRef

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• The effect of socioeconomic status, depression, and diabetes symptoms severity on diabetes patient’s life satisfaction in India
  Shubham Ranjan, Ramna Thakur
  Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of Manual Therapy combining Aromatherapy and Music Therapy on Autonomic Nervous System, Muscle Tone, Muscle Stiffness, and Pain in Young Male Adults with Chronic Neck Pain
  Mingyun Ko, Jinho Yu
  Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science.2024; 13(4): 553.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Inhaler Aromatherapy on Pain and Anxiety in Patients undergoing Shock Wave Lithotripsy
  Barış SAYLAM, Ozan EFESOY, Erdem AKBAY, Erim ERDEM
  Düzce Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2021; 23(3): 318.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of neurobic exercise program on memory and depression among elderly residing at old age home
  Divya Raj, Subramaniam Santhi, G. J. Sara Sapharina
  Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Combination of 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality and Hands-On Aromatherapy in Improving Institutionalized Older Adults’ Psychological Health: Quasi-Experimental Study
  Vivian Ya-Wen Cheng, Chiu-Mieh Huang, Jung-Yu Liao, Hsiao-Pei Hsu, Shih-Wen Wang, Su-Fei Huang, Jong-Long Guo
  Journal of Medical Internet Research.2020; 22(7): e17096.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essence on Depression and Headache Disability in Migraine Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
  A Jafari-Koulaee, F Khenarinezhad, A Sharifi Razavi, M Bagheri-Nesami
  Journal of Medicinal Plants.2019; 2(70): 162.     CrossRef
• Effect of aromatherapy on post-partum complications: A systematic review
  Khadije Rezaie-Keikhaie, Marie Hastings-Tolsma, Salehoddin Bouya, Fahime Shojaei Shad, Mahdieh Sari, Maryam Shoorvazi, Zeinab Younes Barani, Abbas Balouchi
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2019; 35: 290.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of the effect of aromatherapy in management of knee osteoarthritis patients
  Emad N Zikri
  International Journal of Complementary & Alternative Medicine.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Inhalation of Roman chamomile essential oil attenuates depressive-like behaviors in Wistar Kyoto rats
  Yingying Kong, Ting Wang, Rong Wang, Yichuan Ma, Shanshan Song, Juan Liu, Weiwei Hu, Shengtian Li
  Science China Life Sciences.2017; 60(6): 647.     CrossRef
• Aromatherapy Nursing Intervention for Pain Relief A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
  Rin Kang, GyeongAe Seomun
  Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(6): 271.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Hand Massage Combined with Analgesics on Pain Control in Patients with Terminal Cancer
  Yunmi Lee, Hosoon Yoon, Sungwoon Lee, Young Mi Kim
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2016; 19(4): 296.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Self-Aromatherapy Massage on Depression and Satisfaction with Life in Depressed College Students
  Hye-Kyung Lee
  Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2014; 31(3): 63.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Aroma Inhalation Method with Roll-on in Occupation Stress, Depression and Sleep in Female Manufacture Shift Workers
  Hyun-Mi Oh, Geum-Sook Jung, Ja Ok Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(5): 2903.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Aroma Foot Reflex Massage on Mood States and Brain Waves in Women Elderly with Osteoarthritis
  In Sook Kim, Hee Jeong Yang, Eun Seon Im, Hee Young Kang
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2013; 25(6): 644.     CrossRef
• Effects of Thermotherapy Combined with Aromatherapy on Pain, Flexibility, Sleep, and Depression in Elderly Women with Osteoarthritis
  Jin-Hee Hwang, Sun-Ok Lee, Yeong-Kyeong Kim
  Journal of muscle and joint health.2011; 18(2): 192.     CrossRef
• Effect of Jang-Gu Program and Self-help Management Program on Depression, Stress, Pain and Body Discomfort in Women with Osteoarthritis
  Yeong-Hee Jeong, Jong-Im Kim, Sun-Ae Kim, Keum-Ok Lim
  Journal of muscle and joint health.2010; 17(2): 212.     CrossRef
• Depression, Powerlessness, Social Support, and Socioeconomic Status in Middle Aged Community Residents
  Mi-Kyoung Choi, Young Hee Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2010; 19(2): 196.     CrossRef
• Effects of Aromatherapy on Pain and Inflammatory Responses in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
  Seon-Hee Han, Eun-Sook Nam, Dong-Choon Uhm, Keum-Soon Kim, Seung-In Paik, Sung-Hwan Park
  Journal of muscle and joint health.2010; 17(1): 25.     CrossRef
• Effects of Aroma Hand Massage on Pain, State Anxiety and Depression in Hospice Patients with Terminal Cancer
  So Young Chang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(4): 493.     CrossRef

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Characteristics and risk factors of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis
  Hongxia Zhuang, Xueqi Wang, Hao Xu, Xiaolei Jing, Jiajia Yue
  Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery.2021; 209: 106885.     CrossRef