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Original Articles
The Effect on Pain of Buzzy® and ShotBlocker® during the Administration of Intramuscular Injections to Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Birsen Sivri Bilgen, Serap Balcı
J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(4):486-494.   Published online January 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.486
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract Purpose

To investigate the effect of Buzzy® and ShotBlocker® on reducing pain induced by intramuscular penicillin injections in children.

Methods

This was a randomized controlled study. A total of 150 Turkish children aged 7~12 years who presented to our pediatric emergency clinic and met the inclusion criteria were recruited. The children were randomly assigned to each group (control=50, Buzzy®=50, ShotBlocker®=50). Data were collected using an information form, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Visual Analog Scale, and Faces Pain Scale-Revised.

Results

The children in the control group had significantly higher pain scores during the penicillin injection than the children in the ShotBlocker® and Buzzy® groups. The children in the Buzzy® group had significantly less pain than the children in both the ShotBlocker® and control groups (p<.001).

Conclusion

Buzzy® was more effective compared with ShotBlocker® in this study.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of BuzzyⓇ and ShotBlockerⓇ on Pain and Anxiety During Immunization in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Dilek Sari, Hatice Erdem Onder, Nihal Taskiran, Figen Yardimci, Seyma Kislali Tas
    Pain Management Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Different Methods for Reducing Pain during Vaccination: A Randomized Study with Placebo and Control Groups
    Zeliha Cengiz, Mürşide Zengin, Emriye Hilal Yayan, Elanur Vicnelioğlu
    Etkili Hemşirelik Dergisi.2025; 18(1): 111.     CrossRef
  • Buzzing Away Pain: Efficacy of Buzzy® in Reducing Pain During Canakinumab Treatment for Familial Mediterranean Fever
    Nebahat Zeynep Özaslan, Betül Öksel, Nihal Sahin, Hafize E Sönmez
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of Buzzy application on pain and comfort level during heel stick in newborns: a randomized controlled study
    Mehmet Bulduk, Nesrullah Ayşin, Veysel Can, Jiyan Tan Ayşin, Yusuf Dilbilir, Emine Kurt Can
    Anatolian Current Medical Journal.2025; 7(2): 170.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness and safety of Buzzy device in needle-related procedures for children under twelve years of age: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Faguang Jin, Xiaofang Wang, Maomao Qi, Wenhua Zhang, Yongfeng Zhang
    Medicine.2024; 103(15): e37522.     CrossRef
  • Effect of the Helfer skin tap technique on pain, anxiety, and fear in children undergoing intramuscular injection: An open-label randomized controlled study
    Aylin Kurt, Fatma Dinç, Betül Akkoç
    Archives de Pédiatrie.2024; 31(2): 148.     CrossRef
  • Utilization of local pressure devices in pain management during injections: scoping review
    Jefferson Wildes da Silva Moura, Aline de Souza Bitencourt, Thiago Lopes Silva, Andréia Cristina Feitosa do Carmo, Luciano Marques dos Santos, Patrícia Kuerten Rocha
    Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of new device on pain and comfort levels in individuals undergoing peripheral intravenous cannula insertion
    Tuba Karabey, Şerife Karagözoğlu
    The Journal of Vascular Access.2024; 25(2): 432.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the effect of intramuscular injection from two different sites on pain and fear in children: a randomized controlled study
    Öznur Tiryaki, Dilek Menekşe, Öner Özdemir, Nursan Çınar, Bahri Elmas
    Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Utilização de dispositivos de pressão local no manejo da dor durante injeções: revisão de escopo
    Jefferson Wildes da Silva Moura, Aline de Souza Bitencourt, Thiago Lopes Silva, Andréia Cristina Feitosa do Carmo, Luciano Marques dos Santos, Patrícia Kuerten Rocha
    Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of ShotBlocker® and the Helfer skin tap technique on pain and fear experienced during intramuscular injection among children aged 6–12 years in pediatric emergency units: A randomized controlled trial
    Duygu Sönmez Düzkaya, Atiye Karakul, İrem Akoy, Senem Andi
    International Emergency Nursing.2024; 76: 101502.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Cold Spray and Ice Application During Intravenous Access on Pain and Fear in Children Aged 7-15 Years in the Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Elif Günal Çelik, Duygu Sönmez Düzkaya
    Journal of Emergency Nursing.2024; 50(2): 264.     CrossRef
  • Temporal Dynamics of Pain: Examining the Relationship Between Intramuscular Injection Duration and Pain Perception: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial
    Yusuf Acarlioglu, Leman Senturan, Saleh Salimi
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of ShotBlocker application on reducing the pain of needle-related procedures in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Zahide İyi, Ayşegül İşler, Zeynep Özer
    Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2024; 78: e438.     CrossRef
  • Shotblocker or Cold Application; Which One is More Effective in Reducing Anxiety and Pain Associated with the Intramuscular Injection in Children?: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Diler AYDIN YILMAZ, Selen ÖZAKAR AKÇA, Havva Nur PELTEK KENDİRCİ
    Bezmialem Science.2024; 12(1): 98.     CrossRef
  • Local anaesthetic to reduce injection pain in patients who are prescribed intramuscular benzathine penicillin G: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Ferruccio Pelone, Bessie Kwok, Sabahat Ahmed, Yakup Kilic, Syed Ahsan Ali, Nida Ahmed, Mahmood Ahmad, Jonathan JH. Bray, Farhad Shokraneh, Miryan Cassandra, David S. Celermajer, Eloi Marijon, Rui Providencia
    eClinicalMedicine.2024; 76: 102817.     CrossRef
  • The effect of buzzy®, DistrACTION® cards on reducing pediatric pain and fear during blood collection in the rheumatology polyclinic: A randomized controlled trial
    B. Bilgen Sivri, Y.S. Feng, C. Michler, J. Kuemmerle-Deschner, C. Mahler
    Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 73: e446.     CrossRef
  • Effects of two different ball types on pain and anxiety during venous blood draw in children: A randomized controlled study
    Zeynep Yurdakul, Figen Işık Esenay
    Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 72: e201.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Virtual Reality and Buzzy on First Insertion Success, Procedure-Related Fear, Anxiety, and Pain in Children during Intravenous Insertion in the Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Büşra Güliz Yıldırım, Gülçin Özalp Gerçeker
    Journal of Emergency Nursing.2023; 49(1): 62.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of pain levels developed during intramuscular injections to laterofemoral and ventrogluteal regions in children: a randomized controlled study
    Serap Balci, Birsen Bilgen Sivri
    Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira.2023; 69(1): 85.     CrossRef
  • Effects of applications manual pressure and shotblocker to reduce needle-related pain and fear in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
    Burcu Aykanat Girgin, İlknur Göl, Duygu Gözen, Fatma Çarikçi, Heves Kirmizibekmez
    Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 73: 84.     CrossRef
  • The Effectiveness of the Buzzy Device in Reducing Pain in Children Undergoing Venipuncture
    Elisa Simoncini, Giulia Stiaccini, Elena Morelli, Elisa Trentini, Diego G. Peroni, Maria Di Cicco
    Pediatric Emergency Care.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Effect of 3 Methods (Buzzy, ShotBlocker, and DistrACTION Cards) Used While Taking Blood Samples From Children with Pain and Anxiety
    Birsen Bilgen Sivri, Serap Balci, Gülümser Dolgun
    Pediatric Emergency Care.2023; 39(8): 600.     CrossRef
  • Medical devices, smart drug delivery, wearables and technology for the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
    Daniel A. Domingo-Lopez, Giulia Lattanzi, Lucien H. J. Schreiber, Eimear J. Wallace, Robert Wylie, Janice O'Sullivan, Eimear B. Dolan, Garry P. Duffy
    Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews.2022; 185: 114280.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of cold spray and shotblocker to reduce intramuscular injection pain: A randomized controlled trial
    Züleyha Gürdap, Zeliha Cengiz
    Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics.2022; 47(8): 1249.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Buzzy Application on Pain Level During Vaccine Injection in Infants
    Özge Şıktaş, Gülzade Uysal
    Journal of Nursing Care Quality.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Two Different Tactile Stimulus Methods on Reducing Pain of Children During Intramuscular Injection: A Randomized Controlled Study
    Mürşide Zengin, Emriye Hilal Yayan
    Journal of Emergency Nursing.2022; 48(2): 167.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Helfer Skin Tap Technique and ShotBlocker Application on Pain in Deltoid Muscle Injection
    Tuba KARABEY, Şerife KARAGÖZOĞLU
    Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2021; 11(4): 721.     CrossRef
  • Minimizing immunization injection pain in children
    Emily Jang, Ekaterina Zhimanov, Bridget Parsh
    Nursing.2021; 51(3): 13.     CrossRef
  • Shotblocker Use in Emergency Care
    Dilek Yildirim, Berna Dinçer
    Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal.2021; 43(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Pain Control
    Janice Selekman, Dawn Lambert
    Journal of Pediatric Surgical Nursing.2020; 9(2): 59.     CrossRef
  • 582 View
  • 30 Download
  • 24 Web of Science
  • 31 Crossref
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The Effects of Guided Imagery on Nursing Students Performing Intramuscular Injections
Min Hyun Suk, Suk Yong Kil, Hye Ja Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(6):784-791.   Published online March 29, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.6.784
AbstractAbstract PDF

PURPOSE: The anxiety and stress of nursing students on performance intramuscular injection diminished nursing skill performance. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the guided imagery program on anxiety, stress and nursing skill performance of nursing students. METHOD: The study design was time series with a nonequivalent control group pretest- posttest study. The Data were collected from the 30th of Oct. to the 6th of Nov. 2001. The objects of this study were 36 sophomores of university(18 for the experimental group, 18 for the control group). The Instruments used in this study were State Trait Anxiety Inventory developed by Spielberger (1972), Visual Analogue Scale for Stress and Nursing skill performance developed by the researcher. The guided imagery was provided through audiotapes to the subjects for 8 minutes. The pretest was given before the therapy to measure variables for both groups and the posttests were performed after intervention. The data were analyzed by the SAS program using t-test and paired t-test. RESULT: The results of this study are as follows. The level of anxiety of students who received the guided imagery were significantly lower than that of control group. the level of stress had a deeling tendency and the nursing skill performance level was significantly higher than that of control group. CONCLUSION: The guided imagery suggested as an effective nursing intervention did reduce the anxiety and promoted nursing skill performance of nursing students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Differential effects of guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation on physical and emotional symptoms in nursing students taking initial clinical training: A randomized clinical trial
    Hossam Alhawatmeh, Raya Albataineh, Sawsan Abuhammad
    Heliyon.2022; 8(10): e11147.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Guided Imagery on Stress, State Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Core Basic Nursing Skill Performance Score of Undergraduate Nursing Students
    Eunyoung Hong, Bo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(1): 16.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Guided imagery on Stress and Anxiety of Women Receiving in Vitro Fertilization
    Choon Hee Bae, Soon Bok Chang, Sue Kim, Inn Soo Kang
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(2): 178.     CrossRef
  • 143 View
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Guided Imagery Types on Stress and Performance of an Intramuscular Injection of Nursing Students
Minhyun Suk, Wonoak Oh, Sukyong Kil
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(6):976-982.   Published online March 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.6.976
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the feeling state guided imagery(FSGI) and end state guided imagery(ESGI) on stress and performance of an intramuscular injection of nursing students.

Method

The design was a time series with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest study. Data was collected from the 23 rd to the 25th of Nov. 2004. The subjects of this study were 40 female sophomores (21 for the ESGI, 19 for the FSGI). The instruments used in this study were the Visual Analogue Scale for Stress and the Nursing Skill Performance Check-list on Intramuscular Injection developed by the researchers(10 items). Guided imagery was provided through audiotapes for 8 minutes. A pretest was given before applying the guided imagery, posttest 1 was performed after the intervention, posttest 2 was performed before the intramuscular injection and then evaluation of the performance of the intramuscular injection was done. Data was analyzed using t-test, and Repeated Measures ANOVA.

Result

The level of stress for those who received the ESGI and FEGI was not significant and the level of the nursing skill performance for those who received the ESGI was significantly higher than that of students who received the FEGI.

Conclusion

The use of ESGI has an effect on learning psychomotor nursing skills and further research is needed on stress.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The use of ultrasonography in education for undergraduate nursing students: A literature review
    Eri Kubo, Miu Nagata, Naoki Yoshinaga
    Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A randomized controlled trial on the effect of music and white noise listening on anxiety and vital signs during intramuscular injection skill learning
    Berna Aksoy, Levent Ozturk
    Teaching and Learning in Nursing.2024; 19(1): e52.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Guided Imagery on Stress, State Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Core Basic Nursing Skill Performance Score of Undergraduate Nursing Students
    Eunyoung Hong, Bo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(1): 16.     CrossRef
  • The effect of music listening on the anxiety of nursing students during their first blood draw experience
    Serpil Ince, Kıvan Çevik
    Nurse Education Today.2017; 52: 10.     CrossRef
  • 124 View
  • 1 Download
  • 4 Crossref
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Prediction of Optimal Gluteal Intramuscular Needle Length by Skinfold Thickness Measurements in Korean Adults
Dong-Won Choi, Kyeong-Yae Sohng, Bum-Soo Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;40(6):844-851.   Published online December 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.6.844
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This study was conducted to assess optimal needle length for gluteal intramuscular injections (IM) via simple skinfold thickness (SFT).

Methods

For this study, 190 healthy adults were recruited and grouped into eight groups according to gender and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2). The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity criteria defines a BMI under 20 as underweight, 20.1-22.9 as normal, 23-24.9 as overweight and over 25 as obese. For each participant, the SFT of dorsoguteal (DG) and ventrogluteal (VG) sites were measured using a caliper. Subcutaneous tissue thickness was acquired through ultrasonic images.

Results

For men in the overweight and obese groups at the DG site, for the obese group at the VG site, and for women in the normal weight, overweight and obese groups at both sites, the mean subcutaneous tissue thickness exceeded 1.84 cm, the minimal length for a 1 inch needle used for IM. At the DG site, optimal intramuscular needle length (OINL) was 1.4 times in women and 1.0 times in men compared to SFT. At the VG site, OINL was 1.3 times in women and 0.9 times in men compared to SFT.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that SFT is a reliable index to determine optimal needle length with minimal effort prior to IM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Adverse effects of dorsogluteal intramuscular injection versus ventrogluteal intramuscular injection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
    María Teresa Roldán‐Chicano, Javier Rodríguez‐Tello, Raquel Cebrián‐López, James Richard Moore, María del Mar García‐López
    Nursing Open.2023; 10(9): 5975.     CrossRef
  • Abdominal skin subcutaneous fat thickness over the gestational period in Korean pregnant women: a descriptive observational study
    Moon Sook Hwang
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2021; 27(4): 318.     CrossRef
  • The Appropriateness of the Length of Insulin Needles Based on Determination of Skin and Subcutaneous Fat Thickness in the Abdomen and Upper Arm in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Kang Hee Sim, Moon Sook Hwang, Sun Young Kim, Hye Mi Lee, Ji Yeun Chang, Moon Kyu Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014; 38(2): 120.     CrossRef
  • The relationship between body mass index, thickness of subcutaneous fat, and the gluteus muscle as the intramuscular injection site
    Sakiko Sakamaki, Yuko Yasuhara, Kazushi Motoki, Kensaku Takase, Tetsuya Tanioka, Rozzano Locsin
    Health.2013; 05(09): 1443.     CrossRef
  • 190 View
  • 0 Download
  • 4 Crossref
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