Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Volume 48(5); October 2018

Original Articles

Improving Empathy in Nursing Students: A Comparative Longitudinal Study of Two Curricula: Celale Tangul Ozcan, Emine Öksüz, Fahriye Oflaz; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):497-505. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.497

Purpose

This study aimed to examine changes of empathy levels of nursing student in two different curricula structures, one called “traditional” and the other called “integrated” curricula. The study was a longitudinal design to follow a cohort of nursing students to examine the magnitude of changes in empathy in their education years.

Methods

The study was conducted in a public school of nursing giving a baccalaureate degree, which had a fundamental change in their curricula. In all, 81 students from the traditional curricula and 66 students from the integrated curricula completed the study, and data from a total of 147 students were analyzed between 2003 and 2008. The Empathic Communication Skills Scale and the Empathic Tendency Scale were given to the students in the beginning of their freshman year and at the end of the fourth year just before graduation.

Results

Although both of the curricula were seemed effective at improving empathic skills of students, especially the scores of students who completed the integrated curricula were higher than the scores of the other group attending the traditional curricula (p<.05). However, the empathic tendency scores of students in both curricula decreased at the end of fourth year.

Conclusion

Although undergraduate nursing curricula either traditional or integrated improved empathic skills, it seemed that integrated curricula were more effective than traditional curricula in increasing empathic skills. The more hours and more experiential methods contributed to improved empathy. The decrease in empathic tendency requires further attention of educators and nurse managers.

Citations

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Empathy Scores and Curriculum Integration at Two Different Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study of Final-Year Medical and Dental Students
Amna Faisal, Saira Akhlaq, Naveed Bhatti
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An Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation Scenario to Improve Empathy in Nursing Students
Rosemary Collier, Rosa Darling, Karen Browne
CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Divergent perspectives: A cross-sectional study unveiling disparities in cancer patients' and oncology nurses' perceptions on communication and empathy
Che-Ming Chang, Jhen-Jhen Li, In-Fun Li, Yun-Hsiang Lee
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2025; 76: 102877. CrossRef
Empathy in Nursing Students: A Scoping Review
Juniarta, Ni Gusti Ayu Eka, Yenni Ferawati Sitanggang
Journal of Holistic Nursing.2024; 42(2_suppl): S59. CrossRef
Nursing Students' Experiences of Empathy in a Virtual Reality Simulation Game
Katri Mattsson, Elina Haavisto, Satu Jumisko-Pyykkö, Jaana-Maija Koivisto
CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2024; 42(7): 537. CrossRef
Scale of self-perceived listening, empathy, and presence (LEP) abilities in associate degree nursing students for aging care
Li Chen Weng, Ya-Lie Ku
Geriatric Nursing.2024; 60: 265. CrossRef
Levels and predictors of empathy, self-awareness, and perceived stress among nursing students: a cross sectional study
Shaher H. Hamaideh, Sawsan Abuhammad, Abdallah Abu Khait, Hanan Al-Modallal, Ayman M Hamdan-Mansour, Rami Masa’deh, Saleem Alrjoub
BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Rapid Scoping Review: Empathy in Health Sciences Curriculum
Renee Robinson, Kelleen Meluski, Tracy Hellem, Travis Hedwig, Natalie Hansen, Jennifer Adams, Mary Nies, Krista Salazar
Healthcare.2023; 11(10): 1429. CrossRef
A stenography of empathy: Toward a consensual model of the empathic process
J.A. Nasello, J.-M. Triffaux
L'Encéphale.2023; 49(4): 399. CrossRef
Empathy levels among health professional students at a large midwestern public university - a cross-sectional study
Kelsey Wenger, Lauren Reist, Andrea Achenbach, Kimberly Dukes, Michelle Fravel, Laura Knockel, Francis Kuehnle, Jeffrey Reist, Manish Suneja, Chandler Pendleton, Xian Jin Xie, Leonardo Marchini
BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness of Debriefing for Meaningful Learning (DML) Combined with Empathy Map on Prelicensure Nursing Students’ Competency: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Cheng-Yi Huang, Chiu-Hsiang Lee, Pin-Hsi Lin, Wei-Ju Lu, Ruei-Jnen Lin, Ching-Yen Hung, Pei-Ching LI, Chu-Hua Chung
Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2023; 81: 101427. CrossRef
The effect of affective learning on alexithymia, empathy, and attitude toward disabled persons in nursing students: A randomized controlled study
Berna Dincer, Demet Inangil
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2022; 58(2): 813. CrossRef
Humanistic caring ability of midwifery students in China and its associated factors: A multi-centre cross-sectional study
Yarui Wang, Xi Zhang, Qinqin Xie, Hua Zhou, Li Cheng
Nurse Education Today.2022; 111: 105276. CrossRef
Teaching empathy in healthcare: an integrative review
José Antonio Cordero da Silva, Cristiane Guerreiro Pereira Abdul Massih, Daniele Azevedo Valente, Danielle Ferreira de Souza, Magda Regiane Lima de Carvalho Monteiro, Raiza Morais Rodrigues
Revista Bioética.2022; 30(4): 715. CrossRef
Enseñar empatía en salud: una revisión integradora
José Antonio Cordero da Silva, Cristiane Guerreiro Pereira Abdul Massih, Daniele Azevedo Valente, Danielle Ferreira de Souza, Magda Regiane Lima de Carvalho Monteiro, Raiza Morais Rodrigues
Revista Bioética.2022; 30(4): 715. CrossRef
Ensino da empatia em saúde: revisão integrativa
José Antonio Cordero da Silva, Cristiane Guerreiro Pereira Abdul Massih, Daniele Azevedo Valente, Danielle Ferreira de Souza, Magda Regiane Lima de Carvalho Monteiro, Raiza Morais Rodrigues
Revista Bioética.2022; 30(4): 715. CrossRef
Turkish adaptation of the Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale: A validity and reliability study
Nuray Turan, Hanife Durgun, Hatice Kaya, Türkinaz Aştı
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2021; 57(2): 455. CrossRef
Determining the effect of an intercultural nursing course on empathic skill and intercultural sensitivity levels: An intervention study
Nurhan Çingöl, Mehmet Karakaş, Ebru Çelebi, Seher Zengin
Nurse Education Today.2021; 99: 104782. CrossRef
A Multidisciplinary Scoping Review of Literature Focused on Compassion, Empathy, Emotional Intelligence, or Mindfulness Behaviors and Working with the Public
JJ Pionke, Rebecca Graham
Journal of Library Administration.2021; 61(2): 147. CrossRef
The Effect of Nursing Communication Training on Empathy and Communication Skills of Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Ayfer ÖZTÜRK
OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Empathy amongst dental students: An institutional cross‐sectional survey in Poland and Croatia
Ivana Brekalo Prso, Katarzyna Mocny‐Pachońska, Agata Trzcionka, Sonja Pezelj‐Ribaric, Ema Paljevic, Marta Tanasiewicz, Romana Persic Bukmir
European Journal of Dental Education.2020; 24(4): 687. CrossRef
The effect of structured empathy education on empathy competency of undergraduate nursing interns: A quasi-experimental study
Chao Yang, Ya-Li Zhu, Bi-Ying Xia, Ya-Wei Li, Jun Zhang
Nurse Education Today.2020; 85: 104296. CrossRef

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Comparison of Effects of Oral Health Program and Walking Exercise Program on Health Outcomes for Pregnant Women: Hae-jin Park, Haejung Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):506-520. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.506

Abstract PDF

Purpose

To compare the effects of the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB)-based oral health program (OHP) and walking exercise program (WEP) on oral health behaviors, periodontal disease, physical activity, and psychological indicators (depression, stress, and quality of life) in pregnant women.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was adopted to compare the effects of a 12-week OHP and WEP on pregnant women (n=65). Pregnant women were randomly assigned to the oral health group (OHG; n=23), walking exercise group (WEG; n=21), or control group (CG; n=21). Data were analyzed by the χ²-test, Fisher's exact test, Scheffe test, and repeated measures ANOVA, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (version 21.0).

Results

The OHG and WEG showed significant improvements in oral health behaviors, periodontal disease, and psychological indicators as compared to the CG. The WEG showed significant improvement in physical activity as compared to the OHG and CG.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that the IMCHB-based OHP and WEP were effective in improving periodontal disease, physical activity, and psychological indicators. However, further studies are needed to identify the positive effects of the OHP and WEP on birth outcomes.

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Physical Activity as a Mediatior in the Relationship Between Oral Health Status and Prevalence of Diabetes in Older Adults
Min-Jun Kim, Taewan Kim, Youngyun Jin, Donghyun Kim
Exercise Science.2025; 34(1): 35. CrossRef
Twenty-first century knowledge mapping on oral diseases and physical activity/exercise, trends, gaps, and future perspectives: a bibliometric review
Thamires Campos Gomes, José Lucas Gomes Moura, Daiane Claydes Baia-da-Silva, Rafael Rodrigues Lima, Patrícia de Almeida Rodrigues
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Review of domestic and international intervention studies to improve oral health in pregnant women
Jun-Yeong Kwon, Hyoung-Joo Kim, Hanna Gu, Hee-Jung Lim
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2024; 48(3): 155. CrossRef
Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: The effect of a nursing intervention using Cox's interaction model of client health behaviour
Qianqian Shen, Pingping He, Min Wen, Juping Yu, Yeshi Chen, Junyi Li, Xinping Ouyang
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2021; 77(10): 4104. CrossRef
Theoretical evaluation of Cox’s interaction model of client health behavior for health promotion in adult women
Youlim Kim, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Gi Wook Ryu
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2020; 26(2): 120. CrossRef

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Testing a Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness: A Validation for Korean Adult Patients with Severe Hypertension: Eunha Gil, Heeyoung Oh; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):521-533. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.521

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The aims of this study are to provide a theoretical framework for improving the self-care of adults with severe hypertension and to examine the practical suitability of a middle-range theory of self-care for chronic illness by validating the structural model.

Methods

Data were collected at a university hospital in D metropolitan city from July 1 to August 14, 2015. A total of 224 Korean adult patients with severe hypertension were recruited. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0.

Results

The results show that the fit index of the hypothetical model meets the recommended level; 7 out of 8 hypothetical model paths were statistically significant. Motivation, self-efficacy, support from others, and accessibility to care showed statistical significance and explained 67.3% of the self-care process. The self-care process explained 45.3%, 63.6%, and 26.5% of quality of life, health, and illness stability, respectively.

Conclusion

This model can be used as a theoretical framework for improving self-care among adult Korean patients with severe hypertension. Moreover, the practical suitability and validity of the middle-range theory of self-care for chronic illness is secured.

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Effectiveness of Self Care Education on Knowledge and Behavior Among Android-based Hypertension Patients at Yogyakarta Health Center
Tatik Pujiastuti, Musheer A. Aljaberi, Tukimin Sansuwito, Bibi Florina Abdullah, Ruma Poddar
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2023; 19(s9): 1. CrossRef
Linking Health Literacy to Self-Care in Hypertensive Patients with Physical Disabilities: A Path Analysis Using a Multi-Mediation Model
Hye Jin Nam, Ju Young Yoon
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(7): 3363. CrossRef
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Bo Eun Kim, Ju-Eun Song
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Self-care Efficacy and Health-related Quality of Life among Patients on Primary Treatment for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: The Mediating Effects of Self-Care Performance
Hyun Ju Lee, Jiyoung Park
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(3): 305. CrossRef

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Prediction Modeling on Family Life Satisfaction of Old Adults Living at Home: Young Mi Huh, Sohyune Sok; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):534-544. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.534

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to construct and test a structural model on family life satisfaction of aged individuals living at home. The conceptual model was based on Bandura's self-efficacy and social cognitive theories (1977; 1986) and Bowen's (1976) family systems theory.

Methods

From January 25 to March 5, 2016, 227 older adults living at home completed a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed to calculate the direct and indirect effects of factors affecting family life satisfaction. SPSS WIN 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 were used.

Results

The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were χ²=78.05, χ²/df=1.35, RMSR=.02, GFI=.98, AGFI=.96, NFI=.94, CFI=.98, and RMSEA=. 05. Family life satisfaction was positively affected by perceived collective family efficacy, status of physical health, family communication, and family support. Depression resulted in a significant negative effect. Family differentiation had a significant indirect effect on family life satisfaction. The model explained 76% of variance in family life satisfaction.

Conclusion

Perceived collective family efficacy, status of physical health, depression, family differentiation, family communication, and family support were significant factors explaining family life satisfaction among older adults staying at home. Further research should be conducted to seek intervention strategies to improve family life satisfaction among older adults living at home by focusing on the respective contributing factors.

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The Effect of Pain Catastrophizing on Depression among Older Korean Adults with Chronic Pain: The Mediating Role of Chronic Pain Interference and Sleep Quality
Kyoung-eun Lee, Hyunju Ryu, Sun Ju Chang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(23): 8716. CrossRef

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Psychosocial Adjustment in Korean Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Hyejin Sun, Jia Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):545-553. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.545

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The increasing survival rate of colorectal cancer demands various nursing interventions and continuous care for patients to adapt to their psychosocial daily lives. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with psychosocial adjustment in colorectal cancer survivors.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study with face-to-face interviews was conducted of 156 colorectal cancer survivors after surgery visiting an outpatient cancer clinic at a tertiary hospital in S city, Korea. Posttraumatic growth, health-promoting behavior, length of treatment, difficulty in activities of daily living, and having a stoma were entered into the linear regression model.

Results

The strongest factor influencing the level of psychosocial adjustment was health-promoting behavior (β=.33, p<.001), followed by difficulty in activities of daily living (β=-.24, p=.001), posttraumatic growth (β=.20, p=.004), and having a stoma (β=-.19, p=.004).

Conclusion

Nursing interventions for psychosocial adjustment in colorectal cancer survivors need to include the contents for posttraumatic growth, as well as health-promoting behavior, and activities of daily living.

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Elif Budak Ertürk, Hacer Ari, Çiğdem Üstündağ, Esra Yilmaz, Ülkü Topdemir
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Chen Yuan, Jingyue Xie, Lu Cui, Qianqian Du, Xinxin Li, Xiaoxuan Wang, Jianfei Liu, Xiaodan Wu, Meifen Zhang
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2025; 75: 102818. CrossRef
Correlated factors of posttraumatic growth in patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dingyuan Wei, Xue Wang, Mengxing Wang, Jiayan Wang, Fangping Chen, Luyang Jin, Xuemei Xian
International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2025; 12(1): 96. CrossRef
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Carol Stott, Julia Kittscha, Lisa Graaf, Ian Whiteley, Colleen Mendes, Deb Day, Brenda Christiansen, Jill Fairhall, Jenny Duggan, Joan Walsh, Karen Cole, Mark Murtagh, Greg Fairbrother
Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing.2025; 52(2): 126. CrossRef
Predictors of psychosocial adjustment and its subdomains in young adults with hematologic malignancy: A cross-sectional study
Seul Gi Lee, Sung Reul Kim
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2024; 70: 102571. CrossRef
The Relationship Between Stress, Disability Acceptance, and Quality of Life of People With Physical Disabilities in South Korea: Focused on the Psychosocial Adaptation Model
Hyun-Ju Ju, Uibin Lee, Yein Kim, Debra A. Harley
Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling.2024; 55(2): 143. CrossRef
‘That gave me a lot of comfort, that he would ask my opinion about how we wanted to talk about this’: A qualitative analysis of clinical communication experiences of ostomy patients
Braidyn S Lazenby, Ashley Guidry, Erin E Donovan, René Dailey, Srinivas Joga Ivatury
BMJ Open.2024; 14(2): e079362. CrossRef
Relationships between stigma, coping styles, self-care and post-traumatic growth among colorectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy: A cross-sectional study
Meida Zhang, Yiming Li
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Social isolation profiles and conditional process analysis among postoperative enterostomy patients with colorectal cancer
Yuan Liao, Xuelan Liu, Xinyu Wu, Chun Li, Yu Li
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Cristian-David Useche-Guerrero, María-de-los-Ángeles Merino-Godoy, Eva-María Barroso-Márquez, Emilia Isabel Martins Teixeira da Costa, Rafaela Camacho Bejarano, Francisco-Javier Gago-Valiente, Rizal Angelo Grande
Journal of Nursing Management.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Posttraumatic growth in colorectal cancer survivors: A systematic review
Zhiming Wang, Xuan Chen, Junrui Zhou, Alice Yuen Loke, Qiuping Li
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Adjustment to an Ostomy
Julia Kittscha, Greg Fairbrother, Vida Bliokas, Val Wilson
Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing.2022; 49(5): 439. CrossRef
Effects of the Advanced Practice Nurse-Led Psychoeducational Program for Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Hye Kyung Kim, Yang-Sook Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(3): 245. CrossRef
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Wenjie Zou, Yiheng Zhang, Lizhen Gong, Meng Zhang, Xiaoyu Wu, Jingyue Xie, Meifen Zhang
Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing.2022; 9(6): 100057. CrossRef
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Hyerang Kim, Heesook Son
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Health promoting lifestyle behaviors and associated predictors among clinical nurses in China: a cross-sectional study
Wen Zeng, Shaomei Shang, Qian Fang, Shan He, Juan Li, Yuanrong Yao
BMC Nursing.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Development and Analysis of System Dynamics Model for Predicting on the Effect of Patient Transfer Counseling with Nurses: Hye Min Byun, Eun Kyoung Yun; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):554-564. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.554

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to construct a management model for patient transfer in a multilevel healthcare system and to predict the effect of counseling with nurses on the patient transfer process.
Methods
Data were collected from the electronic medical records of 20,400 patients using the referral system in a tertiary hospital in Seoul from May 2015 to April 2017. The data were analyzed using system dynamics methodology.
Results
The rates of patients who were referred to a tertiary hospital, continued treatment, and were terminated treatment at a tertiary hospital were affected by the management fee and nursing staffing in a referral center that provided patient transfer counseling. Nursing staffing in a referral center had direct influence on the range of increase or decrease in the rates, whereas the management fee had direct influence on time. They were nonlinear relations that converged the value within a certain period.
Conclusion
The management fee and nursing staffing in a referral center affect patient transfer counseling, and can improve the patient transfer process. Our findings suggest that nurses play an important role in ensuring smooth transitions between clinics and hospitals.

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Impact of Parents’ Problem Drinking on Suicidal Ideation of Their University Student Children : The Multiple Mediating Effects of Childhood Trauma, Experiential Avoidance and Depression: Eun Sook Lee, Eun Ju Bong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):565-577. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.565

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to construct and test a hypothetical model about impact of parents’ problem drinking on suicidal ideation of their children who are university students and the multiple mediating effects of childhood trauma, experiential avoidance, and depression based on stress-vulnerability model.

Methods

A purposive sample of 400 university students was recruited from three universities in provincial areas and the data were collected between October and November 2016. The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. Multiple mediating effects analysis using phantom variable and bootstrapping were implemented to verify the mediating effect of the research model.

Results

We found no significant direct effect on depression and suicidal ideation of parents’ problem drinking, but multiple mediating effects of childhood trauma and experiential avoidance between parents’ problem drinking and depression (B=.38, p=.001). The path from parents’ problem drinking to suicidal ideation was significantly mediated by childhood trauma and depression (B=.02, p=.016) and by childhood trauma, experiential avoidance, and depression (B=.05, p=.011), but experiential avoidance did not have a significant direct effect on suicidal ideation (B=.02, p=.616). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested that in order to decrease depression and prevent suicide of university students, considering of parents’ problem drinking and childhood trauma, intervention methods that decreased chronic use of experiential avoidance and strengthen acceptance should be developed and made available to them.

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Joseph Lloyd Davies, Daniel Lawrence, Ruth Bagshaw, Andrew Watt, Shane Mills, Catherine Heidi Seage
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Family Surrogates' Decision Regret and Psychological Stress about End-of-Life Cancer Treatments: Path Analysis: Su Hyun Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):578-587. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.578

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to understand the mechanisms of decision regret and stress of family surrogates' end-of-life decision making using an exploratory path model. In particular, the research identified the direct effects of perceptions of uncertainty and effective decisions on decision regret and stress, and examined the indirect effects of being informed, having clear values, and being supported for decision regret and the stress of end-of-life decision making through the mediating variables of perceptions of uncertainty and effective decisions.

Methods

Data were collected from 102 family surrogates who had participated in end-of-life decision making for patients with terminal cancer in a tertiary hospital.

Results

Perception of effective decisions was a significant direct predictor of decision regret, and uncertainty was a significant predictor of stress among the participants. Being informed, having clear values, and being supported had a significant indirect influence on decision regret through the perception of effective decisions among family surrogates. However, only having clear values had a significant indirect influence on stress through the perception of uncertainty. The model explained 63.0% of decision regret and 20.0% of stress among the participants and showed a good fit with the data, χ²=12.40 (df=8, p=.134), TLI=.97, and RMSEA=.07.

Conclusion

Nurses can support family surrogates in end-oflife decision-making processes to decrease their decision regret by providing information about end-of-life care choices, clarifying personal values, and supporting the decision-making process, and to relieve their stress by facilitating the clarification of personal values.

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A Structural Model on the Nursing Competencies of Nursing Simulation Learners: Soo Jin Park, Eun Sun Ji; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):588-600. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.588

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to test a model of nursing competencies of nursing simulation learners. The conceptual model was based on the theory of Jeffries's simulaton theory.

Methods

Data collection was conducted in October 2017 for 310 students from two nursing universities in Kyungbuk area for 20 days. Data analysis methods were covariance structure analysis using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical programs.

Results

The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were comparative fit index=.97, normed fit index=.94, Tucker-Lewis Index=.97, root mean square error of approximation=.44, and standardized root mean square residual=.04. Teacher factors were directly related to simulation design characteristics, and it was confirmed that the curriculum, classroom operation and teaching method of the instructors were important factors. Learner factors were found to have a direct effect on nursing competence, self-confidence, and clinical performance that belong to nursing capacity. In particular, the results of this study indicate that the simulation design characteristics have a partial mediating effect on learner factors and clinical performance, and a complete mediating effect on learner factors and clinical judgment ability.

Conclusion

In order to improve the learner's clinical performance and clinical judgment ability, it is necessary to conduct practical training through nursing simulation besides preparing the learner and the educator.

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Shifting of Centricity: Qualitative Meta Synthetic Approach on Caring Experience of Family Members of Patients with Dementia: Young Mi Ryu, Mi Yu, Seieun Oh, Haeyoung Lee, Haejin Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):601-621. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.601

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aimed to synthesize the caring experiences of Korean family members of patients with dementia through a qualitative meta-synthesis method.

Methods

By searching through nine Korean and English databases, we compared 37 qualitative studies on caring experiences of family members of patients with dementia. The selected studies were synthesized through meta-synthesis, proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso (2007).

Results

The meta-synthesis elicited four themes: tough life due to care for patients, changes in relationships, adaptation to caregiver's roles, and new perspectives of life through personal growth. Caregivers were shocked when a sudden diagnosis of dementia was made prior to any preparation on their part. They were tied to their patients all the time and their mind and body got exhausted. Their relationship with patients began to change and they looked at them differently. They experienced conflicts with the other non-caring family members and were alienated from them. They were also socially isolated. However, by building their own care strategies and utilizing social resources, they gradually adapted to their caregiver roles. Finally, they experienced personal growth and acquired a new perspective toward life by accepting their roles and finding meaning in their lives. Shifting the caregiver's centricity from themselves to the patient was the process of becoming human beings who actively constructed their realities while giving meaning to their painful lives and interacting with the environment.

Conclusion

The results of the study can be useful for nurses in understanding the experiences of caregivers of the patients with dementia and in providing them with practical interventions.

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A qualitative meta-synthesis of the essence of patient experiences of dialysis
Soyoung Jang, Eunyoung E. Suh, Yoonhee Seok
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 119. CrossRef
Self-care experiences of male spouses of people with dementia: a descriptive phenomenological study
Sua Jung, Jun-Ah Song
Aging & Mental Health.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Time Usage and Satisfaction Based on Occupational Area Between Weekdays and Weekends of Family Caregivers and Non-family Caregivers of Dementia Patients
Woo-Hyuk Jang, Jong-Hwi Park
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Health and medical experience of migrant workers: qualitative meta-synthesis
Hyun-Jin Cho, Kyoungrim Kang, Kyo-Yeon Park
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Time usage analysis according to occupational area and satisfaction level in family caregivers of dementia patients
Woo-Hyuk Jang, Jong-Sik Jang, Jong-Hwi Park
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Factors related to depression in primary caregivers of older adults with dementia in the COVID-19 pandemic era: A cross-sectional descriptive study
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Zequan Wang, Christine Tocchi
Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2023; 38(2): E40. CrossRef
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Jin-Hee Lee, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(3): 257. CrossRef
Korean Family Caregivers' Experiences With Managing Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: Keeping Harmony in Daily Life
Jiyeon Kim, Jun-Ah Song, Sua Jung, Hongjin Cheon, Jiyeon Kim
Research in Gerontological Nursing.2022; 15(3): 141. CrossRef
Family Caregiver Suffering in Caring for Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Korea
Juyeon Oh, Jung-A Kim, Min Sun Chu
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(9): 4937. CrossRef
Relationship between Caring Burden and Caring Behavior among Family Caregivers of Elderly with Dementia in Community-Dwelling: Mediating Effects of Caring Self-Efficacy and Social Support
Young Ju Oh, Myung Ha Lee, Hee Sun Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(2): 186. CrossRef
Family Members’ Experience in Caring for Elderly with Dementia in Long-Term Care Hospitals
Eun Kyoung Suh, Hye Ryoung Kim
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2020; 22(4): 335. CrossRef
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European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2020; 19(6): 473. CrossRef
Influencing Factors on Care Burden among Family Caregivers for Elders with Dementia: Focusing on Family Caregivers using a Support Center for Dementia
Kyung Choon Lim
Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2019; 25(1): 136. CrossRef

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Structural Equation Model for Sleep Quality of Female Shift Work Nurses: Ji Yeong Jeong, Mee Ock Gu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):622-635. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.622

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for sleep quality in female shift work nurses. The hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of Spielman's 3P model of insomnia and previous research related to the sleep quality of shift nurses.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used structural equation modeling and recruited 285 female shift work nurses from four general and university hospitals with over 300 beds located in C and J cities in Gyeongsangnamdo. Data were collected from September 27 to October 20, 2016, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and structural equation modeling. The study used SPSS/Win 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 in processing the data.

Results

The final model showed good fit to the empirical data: χ²/df=2.19, SRMR=.07, RMSEA=.07, AGFI=.85, TLI=.91, GFI=.93, GFI=.89, NFI=.87. The factors that influenced sleep quality were sleep hygiene (β=.32), perceived shift work status (β=−.16), stress response (β=.16), shift work experience (β=.15), perceived health status (β=−.14), and circadian rhythm (β=−.13) explaining 36.0% of the variance.

Conclusion

The model of sleep quality of the shift work nurses constructed in this study is recommended as a model to understand and predict the sleep quality of shift work nurses. The results suggest that strategies for improving the sleep quality of shift work nurses should focus on sleep hygiene, perceived health status, stress response, circadian rhythm, perceived shift work status, and shift work experience.

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(2): 1489. CrossRef
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Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Secondary Data Analysis on the Quality of Sleep and Related Factors of Novice and Experienced Shift Work Nurses
Minjeong Yu, Smi Choi-Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(5): 646. CrossRef
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Jiwon Kang, Wonjung Noh, Youngjin Lee
Applied Nursing Research.2020; 52: 151227. CrossRef
Work-related Characteristics and Sleep Quality of Nurses in Comprehensive Nursing Care Units of Small-medium Sized Hospitals
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Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2019; 26(4): 260. CrossRef

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