No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the Stress Management Education Program (SMEP) on the nurses stress and stress management ability, and to identify the main factors affecting them. The subjects were 72 nurses who participated in the In-Service education program of the Jin-Ju District, Kyeong-Nam Branch of the Korean Nurses Association during the period from Oct. 1 to Nov. 30, 1985. The book of "The stress management education program" was developed by the investigators. With this book, we executed the 1st education through the lecture & showing an example. After 15 days from the 1st education, we mailed a reminding booklet to the individuals. (2nd education). Then, we mailed a questionnaire on 15th day from the 2nd education. Before and after the SMEP We measured the stress management ability & stress, and identified the affecting factors. Findings of this study are as follows; 1. The 1st hypothesis that "the SMEP will increase the knowledge about the nurses' stress management" was supported (t=-6.66, p<.001) 2. The 2nd hypothesis that "the SMEP will increase the nurses' practice about the stress management" was rejected. 3. The 3rd hypothesis that "the SEMP will decrease the nurses' stress" was rejected. 4. The 4th hypothesis that "the higher the knowledge about the stress management the lower the nurses' stress" was rejected. 5. The 5th hypothesis that "the higher the degree of the practice about the stress management, the lower the nurses' stress" was supported, (r= -.2859, p<.05). 6. There were significant correlations between the knowledge about stress management and age (r= -.3717, p<.01), between the knowledge about Stress management and the period of her work. (r=-.2897, p<0.5). There was significant difference in the knowledge about stress management between those who had married and those who had not. (t=2.82, p<.01) 7. There was significant difference in the practice about the stress management between those who had religion and those who had not (t=2.7, p< .01) 8. There was significant difference in the stress according to the type of work. (t=6.127, p<. 05) There was significant correlation between the stress and supportive system. (r=-.2647, p<. 05).

As patients on bed rest perform repeated Valsalva. maneuver, it is necessary for them to prevent thedanger inherent in repeated Valsalva maneuver through intelligent rehabilitative nursing care. In this regard, it seems to be important to furnish a scientific rationale underlying rehabilitative nursing care. This study was undertaken to find the effects of repeated Valsalva maneuver upon circulation of normal men. The subjects for this study were twenty normal and healthy college students of age from 19 to 26. For the first time, the ECG of standard 12 leads was recorded and the blood pressure was measured under the resting state. And the subjects performed Valsalva maneuver for 10 seconds, then expired air for 2 seconds. After the subjects carried out in this manner for 1 minute, the ECG and the blood pressure were recorded and measured again. The Changes of heartbeats, systolic and diastolic pressures after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver were compared with those of the resting state. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The heartbeats after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver generally increased but did not show statistical significance. 2. The systolic pressure measured after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver was higher than that of the resting state. 3. The diastolic pressure measured after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver was higher than that of the resting state.

No abstract available.

The use of intravenous solutions for fluid replacement has become an integral part of patient care. This widespread use of intravenous solutions has increased the risk of contamination that can lead to septicemia and phlebitis. The literature regarding contamination of in-use intravenous solutions recommends a standard 24-hour time limit on the use of these fluids. But the desings of these studies did not incorporate a time variable related to contamination. In other studies, however, time was a manipulated variable; but data regarding the onset of contamination were conflicting. Because published reports conflict with regard to a time standard related to the use of intravenous therapy, additional empirical data are needed upon which to base the standards of care regulating use of intravenous therapy. This study investigated rate of contamination in simulated in-use intravenous solutions to obtain data from which to recomend a standard time period for the administration of intravenous solutions. In this study samples were drawn from 60 bottles of 5% D/W solution at predetermined time intervals over 48 hours and samples were inoculated to Thio-glychollate Broth. After 10 days' culturing in that Broth, samples were cultured on blood agar plates for 18~48 hours to determine the rate of contamination. was found at all time period, regardless of the presence or absence of nurse's gloving in the preparation of fluids, the location in which the experimentations were performed, the contamination level of surrounding air, or the length of time during which solutions were opened. Data from this study support the use of a 48-hour time period on which to base the standard involved in ready-to-use simple intravenous solutions without additives. In emergency departments and critical care areas where intravenous solutions are prepared in advance, the suggested time standard supported by the data generated from this study is 48 hours, not 24 hous. Data from this study support a 24-hour time standard for changing in-use intravenous solutions when the contamination results from the manipulation of intravenous infusion system by hospital personnel, or from some other exogenous sources during administration. Because contamination that does occur within 48 hours in intravenous solutions must be introduced from some exogenous sources, further empirical studies based on the identification of sources of contamination and factors that affect the rate of contamination, are needed to investigate the currently employed standard of intravenous therapy and to provide the patient with more efficient and safer intravenous thereapy.

The main purpose of this study was to clarify the validity with patient's general background of Korean Pain Measurement tool. The subjects of this study were 195 patient from the 8 Med-Surgical wards in H. University Hospital in Seoul. The study was conducted over a 40 day period from Oct. 5, 1985 to Nov. 15, 1985. All patients had pain. Korean Pain Measurement tool and simple descriptive pain scale as Graphic Rating Scale were used to measure the pain. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient test was exercised to measure the correlation between the two kinds of pain tools. To clarify the Sensitivity of Korean Pain tool was used frequency with patient's response. To compare the diffenence in pain levels with patient's general background, ANOVA and t-test was employed. To compare the difference in pain levels existed due to pain area of the body used mean numbers. The outcome of the study was as follows: 1. A positive correlation did exist between two pain measurement tools.(r=.2028~. 7768, p<0.002) 2. The sensitive subclass in Korean Pain Measurement tools was 7 subclass. The 7 subclass are inflammatory repeated pain, simple stimulating, traction pressure, dull pain, cavity pain, digestion related pain, suffering-related pain. 3. The existence of levels of pain in accordance with patient's general background, the department of hospital, pain area of the body and school age was supported. Age, sex, religion, marrital status, economic status, acute or chronic status was not supported. 4. The existence of higher pain levels of the body area was anus, chest, and lower pain levels of the body area was eye, ear, nose and throat. Based on the above results, it was found that sensitive subclasses of the Korean Pain Measurement tool was 7 subclass among all of 20 subclass. Thus it can be concluded that Korean Pain Measurement tool when partialy used and supplemented, can be an effective tool of pain measurement for the patient in Korea.

No abstract available.