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Types of Child Rearing Behavior of Parents during Early Childhood: Q-Methodological Approach
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Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(4):486-496. Published online August 30, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.4.486
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Abstract
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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the awareness of child rearing among parents of children in early childhood and to provide fundamental data for parent education programs according to child rearing type.
Methods
Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Forty Q items which were derived from a literature review and interviews with nurturing mothers were classified into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using the QUANAL PC Program.
Results
Four types of parents' child rearing were identified. Type I was named 'affection-respect type', type II, 'concern-rule compliant type', type III, 'solicitude-model type', and type IV, 'geniality-encouragement type'.
Conclusion
For proper growth and development during early childhood, parents should have rational information and awareness of their child rearing type. Results of this study can be used as essential data to develop child rearing education programs according to parents' child rearing attitude.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Motherhood Ideology and Parenting Stress according to Parenting Behavior Patterns of Married Immigrant Women with Young Children
So-Hyun Moon, Miok Kim, Hyeun Na Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(4): 449. CrossRef - Development of a Measurement Instrument for Parenting Behavior of Primary Caregivers in Early Childhood
Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(5): 650. CrossRef - A study on the types of gender role identity in middle-aged men using Q methodology
Sung-Hee Ko, Myung-Ae Kim, Euna Park Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(7): 4361. CrossRef
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Effects of Logotherapy on Life Respect, Meaning of Life, and Depression of Older School-age Children
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Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim, Mi-Kyung Song, Mi-Jeong Kim
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(1):91-101. Published online February 28, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.1.91
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Abstract
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Purpose
This study was done to identify effects of a life-esteemed education applied logotherapy on life respect, meaning of life, and depression on older elementary school students.
Methods
A nonequivalent control group and non-synchronized design was conducted with a convenience sample of 142 students. The program named 'My Precious Life'. consisted of one session per week for five weeks. Students were assigned to the experimental group (n=70) or the control group (72). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and repeated measured ANOVA with the SPSS/PC 18.0 program.
Results
Meaning of life and life respect increased significantly and depression decreased significantly for participants in the experimental group.
Conclusion
The results of the study indicate that life-esteemed education applied logotherapy is effective in improving meaning of life and life respect and in decreasing depression in elementary school students. It can also be used to prevent existential distress and to intervene as a motif for having hope in life.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Logotherapy for Depressive Symptoms: A Meta‐Analysis of Passive and Active Control Studies
Jeffrey H. D. Cornelius‐White, Samuel M. Watson, Yasuko Kanamori, Avery J. Cornelius‐White The Journal of Humanistic Counseling.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Design and effectiveness of an online group logotherapy intervention on the mental health of Iranian international students in European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
Shirin Rahgozar, Lydia Giménez-Llort Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Protective Factors in the Context of Childhood Bereavement: Youth Gratitude, Future Orientation, and Purpose in Life
Christopher Giang, Lauren Alvis, Benjamin Oosterhoff, Julie B. Kaplow OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The Impact of the Logotherapy-Based Spiritually Oriented Group Counseling on Meaning in Life and Multi-Measure Agentic Personality Levels of Emerging Adults
Hatice Vildan Yıldız Spiritual Psychology and Counseling.2023; 8(1): 27. CrossRef - Sibling coalitions in the context of parental child maltreatment
Carmit Katz, Noa Cohen, Dafna Tener, Or‐Yuval Sharabi Child & Family Social Work.2023; 28(1): 279. CrossRef - The effect of mobile-based logotherapy on depression, suicidal ideation, and hopelessness in patients with major depressive disorder: a mixed-methods study
Maryam Shaygan, Fahimeh Alsadat Hosseini, Marzieh Shemiran, Arvin Hedayati Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Assessing quality of life among elementary school students: Validation of the Korean version of the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire
Younyoung Choi, Joo Yeon Shin Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - “Sometimes it's harder to see than to experience”: The sibling subsystem in the context of parental abuse as conveyed by adult survivors
Carmit Katz, Inbal Hindi, Shikma Kanar, Dafna Tener Children and Youth Services Review.2022; 138: 106532. CrossRef - The development and effects of the logotherapy-based ego-identity improvement program with the application of group art activities in late school-aged children
Young-Sook Lim International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES.2022; 9(12): 89. CrossRef - The Effects of Logotherapy on Distress, Depression, and Demoralization in Breast Cancer and Gynecological Cancer Patients
Fan-Ko Sun, Chao-Ming Hung, YuChun Yao, Chi-Feng Fu, Pei-Jung Tsai, Chun-Ying Chiang Cancer Nursing.2021; 44(1): 53. CrossRef - The effects of psycho-education program based on logotherapy for the development of a healthy sense of identity in emerging adulthoods
Esat Şanlı, Kurtman Ersanli Current Psychology.2021; 40(9): 4173. CrossRef - They're always there for me! Friendship and meaning in young people's lives?
John O'Rourke, Craig Harms, Lynne Cohen Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.2019; 60(6): 596. CrossRef - The effectiveness of logotherapy program based on Islamic-Iranian values on marital satisfaction among parents of exceptional children
Neda Farahini, Gholam Ali Afrooz, Bagher Ghobari Bonab, Ali Akbar Arjmand Nia Family Psychology.2019; 6(1): 15. CrossRef - Systematic Review of Meaning-centered Interventions for Adolescents
Young Sook Lim, Kyung A Kang Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 263. CrossRef - The effects of psychological meaning-centered therapies on quality of life and psychological stress: A metaanalysis
Joël Vos, Diego Vitali Palliative and Supportive Care.2018; 16(5): 608. CrossRef - Exploring and assessing meaning in life in elementary school children: Development and validation of the meaning in life in children questionnaire (MIL-CQ)
Anat Shoshani, Pninit Russo-Netzer Personality and Individual Differences.2017; 104: 460. CrossRef - Effects of Peer Helper Training Program on Existential Spiritual Well-being, Peer Relationship, and Depression for Students Attending a Specialized Girls Vocational High School
Hyun-Ok Jung, Hoy-Ok Song, Mi-Hyang Kim, Hee-Sook Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 310. CrossRef
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270
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Social Support and Acculturative Stress in Migrant Workers
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Soon-Hee Lee, Young-Joo Lee, Sook-Young Kim, Shin-Jeong Kim
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(6):899-910. Published online December 31, 2009
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.6.899
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Abstract
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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to collect basic data on social support and acculturative stress in migrant workers.
Methods
Between August, 2007 and January, 2008 171 immigrant workers completed data collection using a questionnaire. Workers were recruited from 2 churches, one in Seoul and the other in Gyeonggi Province. Mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze the data.
Results
The average score for social support was 3.73 (±0.65) and for acculturative stress, 2.52 (±0.65). There were significant differences acculturative stress according to gender (t=2.152, p=.033), kind of job (t=2.597, p=.040), and have community or not (t=2.899, p=.005). There was a significant negative correlation between social support and acculturative stress (r=-.270, p=.001). Factors influencing acculturative stress were existence of participants having a community of people from their home country or not (R2=.151, p=.002).
Conclusion
More studies are needed to identify the variables that influence acculturative stress in immigrant workers.
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Citations
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Min Sun Kim, Tserendorj Mend Amar Current Psychology.2025; 44(4): 2263. CrossRef - The moderating role of neighborhood social cohesion in the mediation effects of the loneliness between acculturation stress and post-traumatic growth among female North Korean defectors
Hokon Kim, Ocksim Kim, Kyoung-A Kim, Sang Hui Chu, Misook L. Chung Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Health-related quality of life of migrant workers: a systematic literature review
Hyun-Jin Cho, Kyoungrim Kang, Kyo-Yeon Park BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Health‐related quality of life among migrant workers: The impact of health‐promoting behaviors
Sunghye Cho, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Eui Geum Oh, Gwang Suk Kim, Yong‐Chan Kim, Chang‐gi Park Nursing & Health Sciences.2020; 22(2): 318. CrossRef - Influential Factors of Psychological Well-Being of Migrant Workers
Hanna Jung, Youngsuk Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(1): 54. CrossRef - Effects of Forest Healing Program on Cultural Adaptation Stress and Psychological Wellbeing of Foreign Workers
Han-Won Kim, Won-Sop Shin, Cheoul-Soon Jang Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2019; 22(5): 505. CrossRef - Stress and Dietary Behavior by Acculturation Level among Chinese Students Living in Korea
Jiesi Wang, Young-Eun Kang, Sim-Yeol Lee Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2019; 29(1): 42. CrossRef - Acculturative stress, poor mental health and condom-use intention among international students in China
Ningxi Yang, Yayun Xu, Xinguang Chen, Bin Yu, Hong Yan, Shiyue Li Health Education Journal.2018; 77(2): 142. CrossRef - Influence of a community‐based stretching intervention on the health outcomes among Korean‐Chinese female migrant workers in South Korea: A randomized prospective trial
Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Sunghye Cho, Junghee Kim, Ri Yoo Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2017; 14(4): 277. CrossRef - Acculturation Stress and Health Promotion Behaviors of the Korean Chinese Elderly Immigrants Living in Korea
Xianglan Jin, Misoon Song Perspectives in Nursing Science.2016; 13(2): 70. CrossRef - Systematic Review of Quantitative Research related to Maternal Adaptation among Women Immigrants by Marriage in Korea
Ju-Eun Song, Eun Ha Roh, So Mi Park Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2015; 21(1): 55. CrossRef - Acculturative Stress and Depression of Vietnamese Immigrant Workers in Korea
Hye Jeong Jeon, Ga Eon Lee Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2015; 26(4): 380. CrossRef - Relationships of Acculturative Stress, Depression, and Social Support to Health-Related Quality of Life in Vietnamese Immigrant Women in South Korea
Sun-Mi Chae, Jee Won Park, Hee Sun Kang Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2014; 25(2): 137. CrossRef - Effects of a 12 week self‐managed stretching program among Korean–Chinese female migrant workers in Korea: A randomized trial
Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, JoEllen Wilbur, Arlene Miller, Kyongeun Lee, Hwaeun Jin Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2014; 11(2): 121. CrossRef - Quality of Life and Health Service Utilization of the Migrant Workers in Korea
Eunjoo Lee, Jung Mi Lee Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(7): 4370. CrossRef - Foreign Workers' Acculturative Stress in Korea Society
Sunghee Kim, Sung Hae Kim Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2013; 14(8): 3832. CrossRef - Influences of Acculturative Stress and Social Support on Subjective Quality of Life among Chinese Students in Korea
Kyu-Eun Lee, Young-Hee Yom, Hae-Kyung Chang The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2011; 17(3): 514. CrossRef - A study on the Health Status, Social Support and Acculturative Stress of Filipino Marriage-Migrant Women
Ae-Hwa Jaung, Hye-Jin Kim, Hyun-Ja Jeong Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(12): 5509. CrossRef
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