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• Adaptation Experiences in South Korea of Men defecting from North Korea
  Kyoung Mi Kim, Miyoung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(3): 431.     CrossRef
• Lived Experience of Psychological Suffering among the North Korean Refugees: Applied to Parse's Human Becoming Research Methodology
  Hyun Kyoung Kim, Ok Ja Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2010; 19(4): 359.     CrossRef
• Understanding the meaning of human dignity in Korea: a content analysis
  Kae-Hwa Jo, Ardith Z Doorenbos
  International Journal of Palliative Nursing.2009; 15(4): 178.     CrossRef

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• Stigma in Parents of a Child with Mental Illness
  Jung Sook Yun, Kwuy Bun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2012; 21(2): 127.     CrossRef

Human health is an integral part of experience in the process of Human Becoming. Through continual interaction with the environment human beings freely choose experience and develop as responsible beings. The process of the health experience of patient with terminal cancer is a unique. The objective of this study is to understand the lived experience of patients with terminal cancer in order to provide basic information for nursing care in the clinical setting and to develop a theoretical background for clinical practice. This study is to describe and define the lived experience of patients with terminal cancer in order to provide a foundation for nursing research and education. Data collection has been done between December 1993 and November 1994. The subjects included five persons-four females and one male: one who was in her sixties, one in his fifties, two in their forties, and one who was in her thirties. The researcher has met with these patients 35 times, but at eight times the patient was in a stuporous condition and not able to participate, so these were not included in the data analysis. Parse's "Human Becoming Methodology", an existential phenomenological research methodology is used for this study. Data has been collected using the dialogical engagement process of "I and You", the participant researcher and the participant subject. Dialogical engagement was discontinued when the data was theoretically saturated. Data was analyzed using the extraction-synthesis and heuristic interpretation. The criteria of Guba and Lincoln (1985), and Sandelowski(1986): credibility, auditability, fitness and objectivity were used to test the validity and reliability of the data. The following is a description of the structure of the lived experience of patients with terminal cancer as defined by this study: 1. Structure: 1) Suffering through the reminiscence of past experience 2) The appearance of complex emotions related to life and connectedness 3) The increasing importance of significant people and of the Absolute Being 4) The increasing realization of the importance of health and belief 5) Desire for a return to health and a peaceful life or for acceptance of dying and a comfortable death In summary the structure of the lived experience of these patients can be said to be: suffering comes through reminiscence of past experience, and there are complex emotions related to life and connectedness. Significant people and the Absolute Being become increasingly important along with a realization of the importance of health and faith. And finally there is a desire for either a return to health and a peaceful life or for the acceptance of dying and a comfortable death. 2. Heuristic Interpretation: Using Parse's Human Becoming Methodology, the structure of the lived experience of patients with terminal cancer identified in this research is interpreted as: The lived experience of patients with terminal cancer involves the solving of past conflicts, and the experience of the healing and valuing of sorrow and pain. Through the relation of life and health, and the complex emotions that arise, the lived experience of revealing-concealing is of paradoxical emotions. The increasing importance of significant others and of the Absolute Being shows Connecting and Separating an on-going process of nearness and farness. Revision of thoughts about health and faith is interpreted as transforming and desire for restoration to health and a peaceful life or acceptance of dying and a comfortable death, as powering. In summary, it is possible to see, in the lived experience of patients with terminal cancer, the relationship of the five concepts of Parse's theory: valuing, revealing-concealing, connecting-separating, transforming, and powering. From Parse's theory, the results of this study show that meaning is related to valuing, rhythmicity to revealing-concealing and connecting-separating, and cotranscendence to transforming and powering.

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• Experience in Acceptance of Hospice by Patients with Terminal Cancer : A Phenomenological Research
  Su Young Kwak, Byoung Sook Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(6): 781.     CrossRef

Since nursing has come of age both as a profession and as a scholarly discipline, there has been increasing concern with delineating its theory base. In 1978 Chinn and Jacobs asserted that "the development of theory is the most crucial task facing nursing today." The basic building blocks of theories are concepts. Concept formation begins in infancy, for concepts help us to categorize and organize our environmental stimuli. Concepts help us to identify-how our experiences are similar or equivalent by categorizing all the things that are alike about them. Concepts can be primitive, concrete, or abstract. Concept Analysis is a strategy that examines the attributes or characteristics of a concept. It is a formal, linguistic exercise to determine those defining attributes. It encourages communication. Its basic purpose is to distinguish between the defining and irrelevant attributes of a concept similarities. It is a process of determining the differences between concepts and it is useful for several reasons. It is an excellent way to begin examining information in preparation for research or theory construction and results in an operational definition and a list of defining attributes and antecedents. It provides the scientist with an excellent beginning for a new tool, is an excellent way of evaluating an old one and is useful in evaluating existing instruments. The steps of concept analysis are: 1. Select a concept, 2. Determine the aims or purposes of the analy sis, 3. Identify all uses of the concept that you can discover, 4. Determine the defining attributes, 5. Construct a model case, 6. Construct borderline, related, contrary, invented, and illegitimate cases, 7. Identify antecedents and consequences, 8. Define empirical referents. In this paper, the concept selected for analysis was Love. The concept of love is of great interest to nursing because loving care is considered vital to the nursing care of patients. The aims of the concept analysis of love were to clarify the meaning of love, to develop an operational definition for it and to contribute to existing nursing theory. Love influences the quality of life which is the goal of nursing according to Parse in her Human Becoming Theory. Lived experiences are the entities for study in Parse's Research Methodology. Human caring, human understanding, and human becoming are the most important issues in lived experiences. In this research, dictionaries and literature from nursing philosophy and other human disciplines were used to identify the concept of love. As many different instances of the concept as could be found were examinned. The model case was a real life example of the use of the concept. Next borderline, related, invented, and contrary cases were constructed for the purpose of providing examples of "not the concept" and for promoting further understanding of the concept being discussed. The defining attributes of the concept of love were con cern. responsibility, respect, understanding and dedication. Love was defined as showing concern and understanding, relating with mutual respect and dedicating oneself responsibly to others. Concept analysis is a highly creative activity and may add signficant new information to a given area of interest. It is a strategy for developing a concept based on obervation or other forms of empirical evidence. The purpose of concept analysis is to generate new ideas. It provides a method of examining data for new insights that contribute to theoretical development. This concept analysis suggests that a nurse's love for patients is shown in the process of giving oneself in mutual relationships of responsibility and respect and in continuously providing understanding and quality human care for them.

Han-Thought is a philosophy unique to the native to Korean culture. From the point of view of etymological analysis, the word "Han" means "Large", "High" or "Whole" Ancient Korean people planted their philosophical roots deep in what has come to be know an Han-Thought. The goal of this study was to explore "Han-Thought" for concepts and principles which may contribute to the building of Korean nursing philosophy, ethic, paradigm, theory and eventfully practice. Ontologily, our ancient people attempted to learn what was most essential and meaningful in life Han-Thought embraces the thought of complete harmony with in wholeness. Han encompasses everything in the universe. A characteristic of Han-Thought is that all things relate each other in harmonic balance, not in conflict. The harmonious balance of all things excludes both disruption and confrontation, marking all things into a large oneness. Thus Han-Thought applied to Holism traditionally embraced by nursing philosophy. The principles of Han-Thought emphasize the love of peace. Extreme individualism and egoism are not allowed in Han-Thought. The Han-Thought provide a humanistic and ethical foundation for nursing philosophy. Han-Thought is a valuable philosophy for Korean nurses to explore toward the development of the discipline in Korea.