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Endotracheal Colonization and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Mechanically Ventilated Patients according to Type of Endotracheal Suction System
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Kyeong-Sook Cha, Ho-Ran Park
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2011;41(2):175-181. Published online April 30, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.2.175
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 Abstract
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Purpose
This study was conducted to identify endotracheal colonization and the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia related to the type of endotracheal suction system.
Methods
The participants in this study were ICU patients hospitalized between October 2009 to March 2010 who used ventilators for over 48 hr with closed (CSS, n=30) or open (OSS, n=32) suction systems. To standardize the pre-intervention suction system, a suctioning protocol was taught to the ICU nurses. Collected data were analyzed using χ2-test, Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon rank sums test, Wilcoxon test, Log-rank test and Poisson regression.
Results
Endotracheal colonization was higher in OSS than CSS from day 1 to day 8 while using a ventilator and there was a significant difference between the two groups. The CSS reached 50% of endotracheal colonization by the 4th day, whereas for the OSS, it was the 2nd day (p=.04). The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia showed no significant difference.
Conclusion
For patients with a high risk of pneumonia, CSS must be used to lower endotracheal colonization.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Development of a Tool for Measuring Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention Behaviors of Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Sungjung Kwak, Sujeong Han
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(14): 8822. CrossRef - Optimizing effects on airway pressure and minute volume during closed endotracheal suctioning: a simulated lung model
Fang Jung, Shang-Shing P Chou, Shih-Hsing Yang, Jau-Chen Lin, Guey-Mei Jow
SIMULATION.2021; 97(7): 439. CrossRef - Closed Endotracheal Suctioning Impact on Ventilator-Related Parameters in Obstructive and Restrictive Respiratory Systems: A Bench Study
Fang Jung, Shang-Shing P. Chou, Shih-Hsing Yang, Jau-Chen Lin, Guey-Mei Jow
Applied Sciences.2021; 11(11): 5266. CrossRef - Impact of closed suction system on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, patient colonization and contamination of inanimate surfaces
K.S. Lapin, V.V. Kuzkov, T.V. Chernova, T.V. Galkina, M.Yu. Kirov
Anesteziologiya i reanimatologiya.2020; (4): 32. CrossRef - Who Comes to the Emergency Room with an Infection from a Long-term Care Hospital? A Retrospective Study Based on a Medical Record Review
Kyoung Wan Kim, Soong-Nang Jang
Asian Nursing Research.2018; 12(4): 293. CrossRef - Effects of Normal Saline and Essential Oil Gargling on Bacterial Colonization in Intubated Patients for General Anesthesia
Sang Jin Ko, Yeon Kyung Na, Hae Sook Hong
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2014; 16(2): 123. CrossRef - A Closed-Suction Catheter with a Pressure Valve Can Reduce Tracheal Mucosal Injury in Intubated Patients
Jin-Heon Jeong, Sung-Jin Nam, Young-Jae Cho, Yeon Joo Lee, Se Joong Kim, In-Ae Song, Sang-Heon Park, Young-Tae Jeon
Korean Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2014; 29(1): 7. CrossRef - Comparison of the Pattern in Semi-Quantitative Sputum Cultures Based on Different Endotracheal Suction Techniques
Jiwoong Oh, Kum Whang, Hyenho Jung, Jongtaek Park
Korean Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2012; 27(2): 70. CrossRef
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Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy
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Kyeong-Sook Cha, Ok-Hee Cho, So-Yeon Yoo
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J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;40(2):298-305. Published online April 30, 2010
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.2.298
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Abstract
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Purpose
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) after craniotomy.
Methods
This study was a retrospective case-control study of 103 patients who had craniotomies between March 2007 and December 2008. A retrospective review of prospectively collected databases of consecutive patients who underwent craniotomy was done. SSIs were defined by using the Centers for Disease Control criteria. Twenty-six cases (infection) and 77 controls (no infection) were matched for age, gender and time of surgery. Descriptive analysis, t-test, χ2-test and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis.
Results
The statistical difference between cases and controls was significant for hospital length of stay (>14 days), intensive care unit stay more than 15 days, Glasgrow Coma Scale (GCS) score (≤7 days), extra-ventricular drainage and coexistent infection. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression and included hospital length of stay of more than 14 days (odds ratio [OR]=23.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.53-216.11) and GCS score (≤7 scores) (OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.64-13.50).
Conclusion
The results of this study show that patients are at high risk for infection when they have a low level of consciousness or their length hospital stay is long term. Nurses have to take an active and continuous approach to infection control to help with patients having these risk factors.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by - An update on a persisting challenge: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk factors for surgical site infection post craniotomy
Francesco Magni, Aws Al-Omari, Robert Vardanyan, Arian A. Rad, Susan Honeyman, Alexandros Boukas
American Journal of Infection Control.2024; 52(6): 650. CrossRef - Comprehensive analysis of risk factors and pathogenetic characteristics associated with surgical site infections following craniotomy procedures
Zhiwei Gu, Chuanjian Tu, Dagang Song, Zhihao Yang, Jiajie Xia
International Wound Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - A meta‐analysis of the risk factors for neurosurgical surgical site infection following craniotomy
Dechao Sun, Zhuang Ma, Yadong Geng, Chenxu Kong, Zhenjiang Li
International Wound Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Validation of the Risk Prediction Tool for Wound Infection in Abdominal Surgery Patients
Hyun Kyoung Jung, Eun Nam Lee
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(3): 75. CrossRef - Association between registered nurse staffing levels and in-hospital mortality in craniotomy patients using Korean National Health Insurance data
Yunmi Kim, Se Young Kim, Kyounga Lee
BMC Nursing.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk Factors for Intracranial Infection After Multiple Traumatic Craniotomy and Preventive Measures
Jing Yao, Dong Liu
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.2019; 30(7): 1946. CrossRef - Risk factors of neurosurgical site infection after craniotomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Chenyan Fang, Tao Zhu, Ping Zhang, Liang Xia, Caixing Sun
American Journal of Infection Control.2017; 45(11): e123. CrossRef - Infecciones del sistema nervioso central en pacientes críticos con lesión cerebral, con y sin antecedente de manejo neuroquirúrgico
José D. Charry, Fabio Antonio García, Natalia Johana Ortega, Johanna Osorio
Acta Colombiana de Cuidado Intensivo.2015; 15(1): 9. CrossRef - Recent Advances in the Patient Safety and Quality Initiatives Movement
Isaac Yang, Nolan Ung, Daniel T. Nagasawa, Panayiotis Pelargos, Winward Choy, Lawrance K. Chung, Kim Thill, Neil A. Martin, Nasim Afsar-Manesh, Brittany Voth
Neurosurgery Clinics of North America.2015; 26(2): 301. CrossRef - Knowledge, Practice, and Associated Factors towards Prevention of Surgical Site Infection among Nurses Working in Amhara Regional State Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia
Freahiywot Aklew Teshager, Eshetu Haileselassie Engeda, Workie Zemene Worku
Surgery Research and Practice.2015; 2015: 1. CrossRef - Post-operative central nervous system infections after cranial surgery in China: incidence, causative agents, and risk factors in 1,470 patients
R. Zhan, Y. Zhu, Y. Shen, J. Shen, Y. Tong, H. Yu, L. Wen
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.2014; 33(5): 861. CrossRef - Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections According to Electronic Medical Records Data
Young Hee Kim, Young-Hee Yom
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2014; 21(2): 151. CrossRef - Etiología de las infecciones quirúrgicas en pacientes sometidos a craneotomía
Elena Múñez, Antonio Ramos, Teresa Álvarez de Espejo, Josep Vaqué, José Sánchez-Payá, Vicente Pastor, Ángel Asensio
Neurocirugía.2012; 23(2): 54. CrossRef
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