Ju Ok Kim; Nam Cho Kim

doi:10.4040/jkan.2014.44.1.13

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Original Article
Effects of 4% Hypertonic Saline Solution Mouthwash on Oral Health of Elders in Long Term Care Facilities: Ju Ok Kim, Nam Cho Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2014;44(1):13-20.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.1.13
Published online: February 28, 2014

¹Department of Nursing, Bucheon University, Bucheon, Korea.

²College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Kim, Nam Cho. College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2258-7405, Fax: +82-2-2258-7772, kncpjo@catholic.ac.kr

• Received: August 26, 2013 • Revised: September 11, 2013 • Accepted: December 16, 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

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Abstract
NOTES
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
This study was done to examine the effects of 4% hypertonic saline solution mouthwash and tooth brushing education on the oral health of elders living in long term care facilities.
Methods
In this quasi-experimental study, the participants were assigned to a 2% experimental group (n=20), a 4% experimental group (n=20), and a control group (n=20). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, Fisher exact test, Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple response analysis with the SAS program.
Results
Regular tooth brushing and use of 4% hypertonic saline solution mouthwash by elders provided better oral health by decreasing xerostomia, oral tongue plaque, halitosis, and the number of oral bacteria.
Conclusion
The results indicate that regular tooth brushing with continuous 4% hypertonic saline solution mouth washing education promotes oral health for elders in long term care facilities, thus the dental care described in this study is recommended for elders in long term facilities.
Keywords: Hypertonic saline solution; Mouthwash; Oral health; Aged

This article is a condensed form of the first author's doctoral thesis from The Catholic University of Korea.

REFERENCES

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Table 1

Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics (N=60)

^*One-way ANOVA; ^†Fisher exact test; Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; CD=The number of combined disease; GD=Long term care insurance grade; ADL=Activities of daily living; MD=Metal working dentures fixed stars.

Table 2

Homogeneity Test for Variables related to Oral Health (N=60)

^*One-way ANOVA; ^†Kruskal Wallis test; Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; IQR=Interquartile range; CFU=Colony forming unit (1=1×10⁴).

Table 3

Comparison of Oral Health Status, Xerostomia, Oral Tongue Coating, Halitosis between Groups (N=60)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

Table 4

Comparison of Number of Oral Bacteria (CFU) between Pre-test and Post-test 1 and 2 Weeks (N=60)

^*Wilcoxon signed ranks test; Exp=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; IQR=Interquartile range; CFU=Colony Forming Unit (1=1×10⁴).

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Effects of 4% Hypertonic Saline Solution Mouthwash on Oral Health of Elders in Long Term Care Facilities

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2014;44(1):13-20. Published online February 28, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.1.13

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Effects of 4% Hypertonic Saline Solution Mouthwash on Oral Health of Elders in Long Term Care Facilities

Table 1

Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics (N=60)

Table 2

Homogeneity Test for Variables related to Oral Health (N=60)

^*One-way ANOVA; ^†Kruskal Wallis test; Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; IQR=Interquartile range; CFU=Colony forming unit (1=1×10⁴).

Table 3

Comparison of Oral Health Status, Xerostomia, Oral Tongue Coating, Halitosis between Groups (N=60)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

Table 4

Comparison of Number of Oral Bacteria (CFU) between Pre-test and Post-test 1 and 2 Weeks (N=60)

^*Wilcoxon signed ranks test; Exp=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; IQR=Interquartile range; CFU=Colony Forming Unit (1=1×10⁴).

Table 1 Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics (N=60)

Table 2 Homogeneity Test for Variables related to Oral Health (N=60)

^*One-way ANOVA; ^†Kruskal Wallis test; Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; IQR=Interquartile range; CFU=Colony forming unit (1=1×10⁴).

Table 3 Comparison of Oral Health Status, Xerostomia, Oral Tongue Coating, Halitosis between Groups (N=60)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

Table 4 Comparison of Number of Oral Bacteria (CFU) between Pre-test and Post-test 1 and 2 Weeks (N=60)

^*Wilcoxon signed ranks test; Exp=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; IQR=Interquartile range; CFU=Colony Forming Unit (1=1×10⁴).