Yeon Hee Choi; Choon Ji Lee

doi:10.4040/jkan.2012.42.6.843

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Original Article
Effects of a Recreational Combination Gymnastics Program for Old-old Women: Yeon Hee Choi, Choon Ji Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2012;42(6):843-852.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.6.843
Published online: December 31, 2012

¹College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

²Department of Nursing, Suseong College, Daegu, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Lee, Choon Ji. Department of Nursing, Suseong College, 15, Dalgubeoldaero-528gil, Suseong-gu, Daegue 706-711, Korea. Tel: +82-53-749-7354, Fax: +82-53-749-7240, ji0297@naver.com

• Received: April 4, 2012 • Accepted: November 14, 2012

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
In this study a recreational combination gymnastics program was provided for women 75 years of age or older and the effects on physical fitness (grip strength, static balance, ability to do complex movement), depression, cognitive function and quality of life were examined.
Methods
A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group, pre-post design was conducted. Participants included 53 women elders whose cognitive function was within the normal range. The women were assigned to an experimental group (27) or a control group (26). The intervention was conducted twice a week for a period of 12 weeks. Chi-square test, t-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for data analysis.
Results
Following completion of the program, left grip strength (t=2.17, p=.035), right grip strength (t=2.04, p=.046), static balance (t=-2.18, p=.030), depression (z=-2.88, p=.004), cognitive function (t=3.96, p<.001), and quality of life (t=-3.19, p=.002) were significantly better in the experimental group.
Conclusion
Findings from this study indicate that recreational combination gymnastics programs are effective in enhancing physical fitness, cognitive function, and quality of life and in decreasing depression for female elders and could therefore be regarded as positive programs for promotion of physical and mental health for older women.
Keywords: Frail elderly; Physical fitness; Depression; Cognition; Quality of life

REFERENCES

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Table 1

Recreational Combination Gymnastics Program

Table 2

Homogeneity of General Characteristics of the Groups (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Fisher's exact test.

Table 3

Homogeneity Test for Dependent Variables (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Mann-Whitney test.

Table 4

Difference between Groups in Physical Fitness (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; t^a=Paired test; t^b=Independent test.

^*Wilcoxon signed rank test; ^†Mann-Whitney test.

Table 5

Difference between Groups in Depression, Cognition and Quality of Life (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; t^a=Paired test; t^b=Independent test.

^*Wilcoxon signed rank test; ^†Mann-Whitney test.

Figure & Data

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Effects of a Recreational Combination Gymnastics Program for Old-old Women

J Korean Acad Nurs. 2012;42(6):843-852. Published online December 31, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.6.843

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Effects of a Recreational Combination Gymnastics Program for Old-old Women

Table 1

Recreational Combination Gymnastics Program

Table 2

Homogeneity of General Characteristics of the Groups (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Fisher's exact test.

Table 3

Homogeneity Test for Dependent Variables (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Mann-Whitney test.

Table 4

Difference between Groups in Physical Fitness (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; t^a=Paired test; t^b=Independent test.

^*Wilcoxon signed rank test; ^†Mann-Whitney test.

Table 5

Difference between Groups in Depression, Cognition and Quality of Life (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; t^a=Paired test; t^b=Independent test.

^*Wilcoxon signed rank test; ^†Mann-Whitney test.

Table 1 Recreational Combination Gymnastics Program

Table 2 Homogeneity of General Characteristics of the Groups (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Fisher's exact test.

Table 3 Homogeneity Test for Dependent Variables (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

^*Mann-Whitney test.

Table 4 Difference between Groups in Physical Fitness (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; t^a=Paired test; t^b=Independent test.

^*Wilcoxon signed rank test; ^†Mann-Whitney test.

Table 5 Difference between Groups in Depression, Cognition and Quality of Life (N=53)

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; t^a=Paired test; t^b=Independent test.