This study was done to determine the effect of music therapy on stress and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The research design was a nonequivalent control group pre- post test design. The subjects consisted of 21 patients who received hemodialysiss in two hospitals located in Kwang Ju. The fourteen receiving treatment in one hospital were assigned to the experimental group and the seven in the other hospital to the control group. Data were gathered from December 14, 1992 to January 16, 1993 through questionnaires and physio logical measurement. Data were analyzed by the SAS package using frequency, t-test, paired t-test and Pearson Product ?Moment. Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. There were no significant differences between the two groups on stress scores and quality of life scores before the treatment. 2. The mean score on the psychological stress scale for the patients undergoing hemodnarysis was 2.48 out of a maximum mean score of four, the items with high stress scores were "feeling of weakness and annoyed by everything", "limitation of food", "limitation of fluid", "change in skin color" in that order. The psychological category showed the highest stress score followed by developmental, scoioeconomic and physiological stress categories in that order. 3. In the experimental group, post-test diastolic blood pressure decerased significantly(t=3.24, p=0.0064), but in the control group pre and post-test diastolic blood pressure were not different. 4. There was no difference between the two groups on the pre and post-test psychological stress scores or the depression scores. 5. The mean score of quality of life for patients undergoing hemodialysis was 2.75 out of a maximum mean score of five. The category of 'emtional state' showed the highest score followed by 'self-esteem', 'physical state and function', 'economic life', 'relationship with neighbors' and 'family relationship' categories in that order. There was no significant difference in the pre and post-test quality of life scores between the two groups. 6. Hypothesis 1 that patients undergoing hemodi-alysis who received music therapy would have less stress than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy is divided into two sub-hypotheses. 1) The first sub-hypothesis that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less physiological stress than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy was partly supported. Among three physiological stress indices (pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure), only diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly after the treatment in the experimental group. 2) The second sub-hypothesis that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less psychological stress than patients undeigoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy was not supported. Psychological stress score and depression score were not significantly different before and after the treatment. 7. Hypothesis 2 that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have a higher quality of life score than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not received music therapy was not supported. There were no significant changes in the quality of life scores before and after the treatment.

To determine factors affecting self-care behavior if diabetics, the relationships of hardiness, family support, demographic and medical variables to self-care behavior were investigated in 180 samples with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, 26.76% of the variance in self-care behavior was accounted for by family support(15.52%), age(7.76%), and clinical history(2.07%). To compared the magnitude of predictor's significance by gender, stepwise multiple regression was conducted separatively by gender group. In the male sample 25.22% of the variance in self-care behavior was accounted for by family support, age, and challenge. In the female sample family support, age, and committment were significant predictors in self-care behavior with 28.82% of the variance. The results highlight the value of family support in self-care behavior in diabetics regardless of gender difference. According to the finding of this study, family support is the most significant predictor of self-care behavior in NIDDM. This implicates that in future diabetic care, a family member should be encouraged to participate in the patient education process. Also as hardiness is not supported by a unidimensional construct, more empirical studies are recommended to differentiate the conceptual traits for the three subconcept of hardiness.