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Research Papers

Effectiveness of the Eye Care Protocol in the Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Kyu Won Lim, Shin Young Ha, In Soon Kang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(3):432-445. Published online August 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24017

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study investigated the effects of an eye care protocol (ECP) on patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
This study utilized a randomized controlled design. Participants were patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the ICU (36 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group). The experimental group received an ECP, while the control group received standard eye care, starting the day after admission, for a duration of 10 days. The ECP classifies the degree of eyelid obstruction into three stages based on the degree of exposure to the lower eyelid conjunctiva and cornea. The protocol included cleansing with normal saline gauze, administering eye drops, applying silicone and polyurethane films, and recommending consultation with an ophthalmologist if necessary. The effectiveness of ECP was assessed by analyzing tear volume, hyperemia, chemosis, and eye discharge. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0, employing the Mann-Whitney U-test and generalized estimating equations.
Results
On day 5, the experimental group demonstrated a significant increase in tear volume in both eyes compared with the control group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence of hyperemia, chemosis, and eye discharge on days 5 and 10 of the intervention.
Conclusion
The application of the ECP in this study increased tear volume in ICU patients, thereby reducing discomfort caused by dry eyes. It has the potential to prevent complications such as damage to the surface of the eyeball resulting from decreased tear volume.

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A systematic review of pulmonary rehabilitation nursing interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Da-Jung Kim
Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation.2025; 21(5): 234. CrossRef

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Impact of Anthropometric Indices of Obesity on the Risk of Incident Hypertension in Adults with Prehypertension: A Secondary Analysis of a Cohort Study: Se Young Jang, Jihun Kim, Seonhwa Kim, Eun Sun Lee, Eun Jeong Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2024;54(1):18-31. Published online February 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.23067

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of anthropometric indices of obesity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, waist hip ratio, and body fat percentage) on the incidence of hypertension in adults with prehypertension.
Methods
A longitudinal study design using secondary data form the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study was employed. The study included 1,838 adults with prehypertension tracked every two years from 2001 to 2018. Statistical analyses, including frequency assessments, number of cases per 1,000 person-years, log-rank tests, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox’s proportional hazards regression, were conducted using SPSS version 25.
Results
Over the observation period (15,783.6 person-years), 1,136 individuals developed hypertension. The incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in the obesity groups defined by BMI (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.33), waist circumference (HR = 1.34), waist hip ratio (HR = 1.29), and body fat percentage (HR = 1.31) compared to the non-obese group. These findings indicate an increased risk of hypertension associated with obesity as measured by these indices.
Conclusion
The study underscores the importance of avoiding obesity to prevent hypertension in individuals with prehypertension. Specifically, BMI, waist circumference, waist hip circumference, and body fat percentage were identified as significant risk factors for hypertension. The results suggest the need for individualized weight control interventions, emphasizing the role of health professionals in addressing the heightened hypertension risk in this population.

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Investigating the Gut Microbiota Profile in Prehypertensive Individuals Exhibiting Phlegm-Dampness Constitution
Ning Yu, Yaotang Yang, Guangyun Wang, Yanhong Wang, Mei Feng, Peilin Yang, Shuang Liu, Rui-rui Wang, Lei Zhang
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the Relationship Between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Anthropometric Measures of Obesity in Healthy Adults: A Case Control Study
Dekra El-Aghbary, Rashad Thabet, Mohammed Almorish, Khaled AlSayaghi, Ahmed Elkhalifa
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2025; Volume 18: 3403. CrossRef
Association between body roundness index and psoriasis among US adults: a nationwide population-based study
Genlong Bai, Yuting Peng, Qian Liu, Xinyi Shao, Yuan Zhan, Aijun Chen, Jingbo Zhang
Lipids in Health and Disease.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Analysis of ROX Index, ROX-HR Index, and SpO 2 /FIO 2 Ratio in Patients Who Received HighFlow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Sun Hee Choi, Dong Yeon Kim, Byung Yun Song, Yang Sook Yoo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2023;53(4):468-479. Published online August 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.22152

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the use of the respiratory rate oxygenation (ROX) index, ROX-heart rate (ROX-HR) index, and saturation of percutaneous oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (SF ratio) to predict weaning from high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with respiratory distress in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Methods
A total of 107 children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit were enrolled in the study between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021. Data on clinical and personal information, ROX index, ROX-HR index, and SF ratio were collected from nursing records. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test, χ² test, Mann–Whitney U test, and area under the curve (AUC).
Results
Seventy-five (70.1%) patients were successfully weaned from HFNC, while 32 (29.9%) failed. Considering specificity and sensitivity, the optimal cut off points for predicting treatment success and failure of HFNC oxygen therapy were 6.88 and 10.16 (ROX index), 5.23 and 8.61 (ROX-HR index), and 198.75 and 353.15 (SF ratio), respectively. The measurement of time showed that the most significant AUC was 1 hour before HFNC interruption.
Conclusion
The ROX index, ROX-HR index, and SF ratio appear to be promising tools for the early prediction of treatment success or failure in patients initiated on HFNC for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Nurses caring for critically ill pediatric patients should closely observe and periodically check their breathing patterns. It is important to continuously monitor three indexes to ensure that ventilation assistance therapy is started at the right time.

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Non-invasive SpO2/FiO2 ratio (SFR) as surrogate for PaO2/FiO2 ratio (PFR): A scoping review
Madhura Reddy, Malavika Kulkarni, Sushma Thimmaiah Kanakalakshmi, Laxmi Shenoy, Rama Rani KrishnaBhat
The Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2025; 11(3): 221. CrossRef
Can the ROX index predict high‐flow nasal cannula failure in children under 2 with lower respiratory tract infection?
Pablo Vasquez‐Hoyos, Alvaro L. Jacome‐Orozco, Andrea P. Rodriguez‐Mayorga, Leidy E. Sepulveda‐Forero, Diana P. Escobar‐Serna, Juan S. Barajas, Evelyn Obando‐Belalcazar, Claudia M. Salinas‐Jaimes, Juan J. Peralta‐Palmezano, Alexandra Jimenez‐Chavez, Rafael
Pediatric Pulmonology.2024; 59(5): 1246. CrossRef
Impact of Surgical Mask Placement Over High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Oxygenation Parameters in COVID-19 Patients Experiencing Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
Aadila Coatwala, Mayank Dhir, Sagar Sinha, Dattatray Bhusare
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Delirium Experience of the Intensive Care Unit Patients: Jaeyeon Jung, Sujin Jang, Seonmi Jo, Sunhee Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2022;52(2):134-143. Published online April 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21240

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The study aimed to understand the delirium experience of intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Methods
We performed a qualitative study using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Eleven patients, who experienced delirium according to the Confusion Assessment Method for ICU, participated after transferring to general wards from the ICU. Individual in-depth semi-structured interviews ranging from 30 minutes to 2 hours in length were conducted between November 2018 and August 2019.
Results
Nine themes and four theme clusters emerged. The four theme clusters were: 1) “Overwhelmed by fear,” which describes the experience of a patient close to death and the feeling of difficulty in understanding disorganized thinking; 2) “Anxious about not understanding the situation,” which means that patients’ sense of time and space were disordered in the ICU; 3) “Being deserted,” which indicates the feeling of being separated from others and yourself; and 4) “Resistance to protect my dignity,” which indicates that the dignity and autonomy of an individual in the patient’s position at the ICU, are ignored.
Conclusion
Nursing interventions are needed that would enable patients to maintain orientation and self-esteem in the ICU. In addition, healthcare providers need to provide information about the unfamiliar environment in the ICU in advance.

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Patients' and family members' dyadic experience of post‐operative delirium in the intensive care unit: A qualitative study
Jing Dong, Weijing Sui, Yiyu Zhuang
Nursing in Critical Care.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Association Between Person-centered Care, Intensive Care Experience, and Post-intensive Care Syndrome in Critical Care Survivors: A Multi-center Prospective Cohort Study
Jiyeon Kang, Seonyoung Yun
Asian Nursing Research.2025; 19(3): 274. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Intensive Care Unit Nurses’ Competency in Delirium Care in A Tertiary General Hospital
Mi Ran Lim, Gyoo Yeong Cho
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(3): 37. CrossRef
Exploring patients’ and families’ preferences for auditory stimulation in ICU delirium prevention: A qualitative study
Yajun Ma, Nianqi Cui, Zhiting Guo, Yuping Zhang, Jingfen Jin
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2024; 82: 103629. CrossRef
The Influence of Ethical Nursing Competence and Positive Nursing Organizational Culture on Person-Centered Care in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Jae Eun Lee, Hye-Young Jang
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(3): 304. CrossRef
A Study on Nurses' Communication Experiences with Intubation Patients
Ye Rim Kim, Hye Ree Park, Mee Kyung Shin
The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2023; 26(1): 28. CrossRef
Intensive Care Experience of Critical Care Patients and Its Related Factors : A Secondary Analysis Study
Jiyeon Kang, Hyojeong Woo
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 11. CrossRef
Item analysis of the Korean version of the Intensive Care Experience Questionnaire: Using the Rasch Model based on Item Response Theory
Jiyeon Kang, Minhui Kim
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2022; 15(3): 37. CrossRef

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Untact Visit Service Development Based on an Application Reflecting the Circumstances during COVID-19: Focusing on Utilization in the Pediatric Intensive Care Units: Dahae Woo, Hanui Yu, Hyo Jin Kim, Minyoung Choi, Dong Hee Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(5):573-584. Published online October 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.21143

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to develop an untact visit service based on an application that can be utilized in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) during COVID-19.
Methods
This study adopted the double diamond process of service design comprising the discovery, defining, and development stages.
Results
We developed an untact visit service based on an application that considered the child’s status, schedule, photo, and video messages, and so on. Moreover, we derived a service flow regarding the required roles and the type of flow shown between each stakeholder.
Conclusion
Considering the ongoing pandemic, the untact visit service is designed to increase rapport and participation of parents, share the child’s information in real-time, and provide one-stop service without increasing healthcare providers’ work. It will be a useful visit service that can be applied and evaluated in various hospital settings and the PICU.

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Factors affecting pediatric nurses’ development of partnerships with parents of hospitalized children: An evaluation based on the stress-coping adaptation model
In Young Cho, So Hyoung Hong, Ji Yeong Yun
Journal of Child Health Care.2025; 29(1): 53. CrossRef
Correlation between oral health knowledge, demand for remote education tools, and self-efficacy among parents of children and adolescents
Min-Ji Park, Herry Novrinda, Jae-Young Lee
Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2025; 25(1): 69. CrossRef
Development and Effects of a Family-centered Care Application for Intensive Care Unit Families Based on the Facilitated Sensemaking Model : Focusing on Family Satisfaction, Family Stress, and Self-Efficacy
Yun Ha Oak, Eun Ha Kim
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2025; 18(2): 1. CrossRef
Experiences of Family Members With Visitation Prohibition for Critically Ill Patients
Sunjung Kim, Sunghee H. Tak
Western Journal of Nursing Research.2024; 46(11): 854. CrossRef
Factors influencing neonatal intensive care unit nurses' parent partnership development
Eun Kyoung Kim, In Young Cho, Ji Yeong Yun, Bobae Park
Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2023; 68: e27. CrossRef
National Petition Analysis Related to Nursing: Text Network Analysis and Topic Modeling
HyunJung Ko, Seok Hee Jeong, Eun Jee Lee, Hee Sun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(6): 635. CrossRef
Relationship between parental stress and post‐traumatic stress disorder: The moderating effect of visitation restrictions in paediatric intensive care units during COVID‐19
Young Il Cho, Hyo Jin Kim, Dong Hee Kim
Nursing in Critical Care.2023; 28(5): 808. CrossRef
Need for Information and Communication Technology during COVID-19: An Exploratory Study Using Nurses’ Activity Diaries
Hyeongsuk Lee, Dongmin Lee, Seungmin Lee
Healthcare Informatics Research.2023; 29(3): 256. CrossRef
Effects of a Noncontact Visit Program in the NICU for the Prevention of COVID-19
Hye Young Ahn, Hee Jee Jo, Hyun Jeong Ko
Healthcare.2023; 11(15): 2152. CrossRef
The Development of Automated Personalized Self-Care (APSC) Program for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Gaeun Park, Haejung Lee, Ah Reum Khang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(5): 535. CrossRef

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Effect of Direct Breastfeeding Program for Premature Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Ji Hyun Kang, Hyunmi Son, Shin Yun Byun, Gyumin Han; J Korean Acad Nurs 2021;51(1):119-132. Published online February 28, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20240

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of a direct breastfeeding program for premature infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
Methods
This quasi-experimental study was conducted during August 2016 to April 2017. Sixty mothers of premature infants were assigned to the experimental (n = 31) or control groups (n = 29). The program was comprised of breastfeeding education and direct breastfeeding support. The experimental and control groups were provided with education and counseling on breastfeeding at the time of admission and discharge. In the experimental group, the mothers initiated oral feeding with direct breastfeeding and engaged in breastfeeding at least seven times during the NICU stay. The collected data were analyzed by the χ² -test and repeated measures ANOVA using an SPSS program.
Results
The experimental group showed a higher direct breastfeeding practice rate (χ² = 19.29, p < .001), breastfeeding continuation rate (χ² = 3.76, p < .001), and self-efficacy (F = 25.37, p < .001) than the control group except for maternal attachment.
Conclusion
The direct breastfeeding program in the NICU has significant effects on the practice and continuation rate of breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Therefore, this program can be applied in the NICU settings where direct breastfeeding is limited.

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Exploration of Family-Centered Care in NICUs: A Grounded Theory Methodology
Young Ah Park, YeoJin Im
Qualitative Health Research.2025; 35(10-11): 1231. CrossRef
Fresh Parent’s Own Milk for Preterm Infants: Barriers and Future Opportunities
Carrie-Ellen Briere, Jessica Gomez
Nutrients.2024; 16(3): 362. CrossRef
Development and Effectiveness Evaluation of Comprehensive Mobile-Based, Breastfeeding Promotion Program for Mothers with Gestational Diabetes
Eunju Kwak, Seungmi Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(2): 224. CrossRef

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Cut-Off Values of the Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Questionnaire for the Screening of Unplanned Hospital Readmission within One Year: Jiyeon Kang, Yeon Jin Jeong, Jiwon Hong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(6):787-798. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20233

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to assign weights for subscales and items of the Post-Intensive Care Syndrome questionnaire and suggest optimal cut-off values for screening unplanned hospital readmissions of critical care survivors.
Methods
Seventeen experts participated in an analytic hierarchy process for weight assignment. Participants for cut-off analysis were 240 survivors who had been admitted to intensive care units for more than 48 hours in three cities in Korea. We assessed participants using the 18-item Post-Intensive Care Syndrome questionnaire, generated receiver operating characteristic curves, and analysed cut-off values for unplanned readmission based on sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratios.
Results
Cognitive, physical, and mental subscale weights were 1.13, 0.95, and 0.92, respectively. Incidence of unplanned readmission was 25.4%. Optimal cut-off values were 23.00 for raw scores and 23.73 for weighted scores (total score 54.00), with an area of under the curve (AUC) of .933 and .929, respectively. There was no significant difference in accuracy for original and weighted scores.
Conclusion
The optimal cut-off value accuracy is excellent for screening of unplanned readmissions. We recommend that nurses use the Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Questionnaire to screen for readmission risk or evaluating relevant interventions for critical care survivors.

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Cutoff Values for Screening Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Using the Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Questionnaire
Jiwon Hong, Jiyeon Kang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(11): 3897. CrossRef
Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the post-intensive care syndrome questionnaire
Caidie Yang, Hongmei Wu, Chunmei Luo
BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Post‐Intensive Care Syndrome in Family: A Concept Analysis
Jiaqi Wen, Zhenjing Hu, Ziwei Li, Yu Liu, Liting Zhang, Chenchen Zhong
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Post intensive care syndrome: A review of clinical symptoms, evaluation, intervention
Xiaofang He, Yuwei Song, Yuchun Cao, Liying Miao, Bin Zhu
Heliyon.2024; 10(10): e31278. CrossRef
Screening tools for post–intensive care syndrome and post-traumatic symptoms in intensive care unit survivors: A scoping review
Usha Pant, Krooti Vyas, Shaista Meghani, Tanya Park, Colleen M. Norris, Elizabeth Papathanassoglou
Australian Critical Care.2023; 36(5): 863. CrossRef

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Review Paper

Characteristics of Aerobic Exercise as Determinants of Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Sun Hee Lee, Young Ran Chae; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(6):740-756. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20169

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) according to aerobic exercise characteristics in adults with hypertension using a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
The related researches were selected from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and 5 domestic databases up to September 4, 2019. To estimate the effect size, random effect models were used to derive weighted mean differences (WMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of aerobic exercise on BP and HR.
Results
A total of 37 RCTs with 1,813 samples were included. Aerobic exercise was found to significantly reduce systolic BP (WMD, - 8.29 mmHg; 95% CI, - 10.12 to - 6.46), diastolic BP (WMD, - 5.19 mmHg; 95% CI, - 6.24 to - 4.14) and HR (WMD, - 4.22 beats/min; 95% CI, - 5.36 to –3.09). In detail, systolic BP and diastolic BP were significantly decreased in all groups of exercise types, frequency and duration. Systolic BP and diastolic BP were significantly decreased in the moderate and vigorous-intensity group. Exercise characteristics with the most dramatical change in systolic BP were water-based training, moderate-intensity, 3 times a week and 8 to 11 weeks of duration. In diastolic BP, the greatest effect size was over 24 weeks of exercise.
Conclusion
Moderate aerobic exercise, especially water-based exercise can be an important part of lifestyle modification for hypertensive patients. Also, it can be recommended in a variety of clinical settings for lowering BP and HR. However, there is insufficient evidence that low-intensity exercise is effective in lowering BP.

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Thermogenic supplement attenuates post-exercise hypotension after aerobic exercise in normotensive young adults without affecting heart rate variability
Douglas Cavalcante Silva, Reabias de Andrade Pereira, Gustavo da Silva Félix, Marizângela Ferreira de Souza, Glêbia Alexa Cardoso, George Celso Souza Côrtes de Araújo, Marcos Antonio Pereira dos Santos, Alexandre Sérgio Silva
Sport Sciences for Health.2025; 21(4): 3317. CrossRef
Improving cardiovascular autonomic function in postmenopausal women with hypertension: a pilot study of supervised versus home-based aerobic exercise
Cengizhan Gungor, Ezgi Akyildiz Tezcan, Önder Murat Özerbil, Abdullah Tuncez
Blood Pressure Monitoring.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of 17 Factors Potentially Related to Hypertension Control in the Siberian Urban Sample
A. N. Ryabikov, E. V. Mazdorova, E. S. Mazurenko, D. V. Malyutina, M. Yu. Shapkina
Kardiologiia.2025; 65(8): 31. CrossRef
Effect of exercise based on ACSM recommendations on blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Jiu Chen, Wenlai Cui, Jun Xie, Ratko Peric
PLOS Global Public Health.2024; 4(12): e0003743. CrossRef
Physical Activity Intensity and Risk of Dementia
Angelique G. Brellenthin, Duck-chul Lee, Elizabeth C. Lefferts, Wesley K. Lefferts, Ryan J. Dougherty, Youngwon Kim
American Journal of Preventive Medicine.2024; 66(6): 948. CrossRef
Effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized trials
Bahareh Jabbarzadeh Ganjeh, Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh, Ahmad Jayedi, Mojtaba Daneshvar, Zahra Gohari, Reyhane Norouziasl, Shadi Ghaemi, Maryam Selk-Ghaffari, Navid Moghadam, Ramin Kordi, Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Hypertension Research.2024; 47(2): 385. CrossRef
The Western and Chinese exercise training for blood pressure reduction among hypertensive patients: An overview of systematic reviews
Kelvin Tsoi, Amy Lam, Joshua Tran, Ziyu Hao, Karen Yiu, Yook‐Chin Chia, Yuda Turana, Saulat Siddique, Yuqing Zhang, Hao‐Min Cheng, Ji‐Guang Wang, Kazuomi Kario
The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2024; 26(12): 1327. CrossRef
Does regular exercise help significantly reduce blood pressure in adults diagnosed with hypertension within the general population?
Jesse Schmidt, Nikhil Vatti, Nicole Tenegra
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Physical Activity and Hypertension
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Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Effectiveness of Multi Interventional Package on Selected Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome among Women - A Pilot Study: Attonassary Jose Elizabeth, Swaminathan Aruna, Parayidathil Joseph Mercy; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(4):523-532. Published online August 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20012

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of multi interventional package (MIP) and lifestyle interventions (LI) on physiological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome, to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on biochemical parameters of women with metabolic syndrome and to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on socio-psychological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome.
Methods
A quasi experimental nonequivalent control group design with two experimental groups and one control group was used to collect data from 60 self-help group women. Samples were selected by multistage sampling. Reflexology foot massage, dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to MIP group and dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to LI group for 12 weeks. Control group received routine care. Demographic and clinical data sheets were used to collect basic information. Knowledge was assessed by a knowledge questionnaire. Physiological (weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (HDL, triglycerides and FBS) were assessed before and after the intervention.
Results
The study found significant change in the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome as well as knowledge among the MIP group and LI group compared to the control group (p < .001).
Conclusion
MIP and LI are effective in controlling the parameters of metabolic syndrome. Hence the guidance may be provided to women with metabolic syndrome for adopting necessary lifestyle changes as well as reflexology foot massage to control the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome.

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Path Analysis for Delirium on Patient Prognosis in Intensive Care Units: Sunhee Lee, Sun-Mi Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(6):724-735. Published online December 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.6.724

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to investigate relationship between delirium, risk factors on delirium, and patient prognosis based on Donabedian's structure-process-outcome model.

Methods

This study utilized a path analysis design. We extracted data from the electronic medical records containing delirium screening data. Each five hundred data in a delirium and a non-delirium group were randomly selected from electronic medical records of medical and surgical intensive care patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and AMOS 24.

Results

In the final model, admission via emergency department (B=.06, p=.019), age over 65 years (B=.11, p=.001), unconsciousness (B=.18, p=.001), dependent activities (B=.12, p=.001), abnormal vital signs (B=.12, p=.001), pressure ulcer risk (B=.12, p=.001), enteral nutrition (B=.12, p=.001), and use of restraint (B=.30, p=.001) directly affecting delirium accounted for 56.0% of delirium cases. Delirium had a direct effect on hospital mortality (B=.06, p=.038), hospital length of stay (B=5.06, p=.010), and discharge to another facility (not home) (B=.12, p=.001), also risk factors on delirium indirectly affected patient prognosis through delirium.

Conclusion

The use of interventions to reduce delirium may improve patient prognosis. To improve the dependency activities and risk of pressure ulcers that directly affect delirium, early ambulation is encouraged, and treatment and nursing interventions to remove the ventilator and drainage tube quickly must be provided to minimize the application of restraint. Further, delirium can be prevented and patient prognosis improved through continuous intervention to stimulate cognitive awareness and monitoring of the onset of delirium. This study also discussed the effects of delirium intervention on the prognosis of patients with delirium and future research in this area.

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Does ICU admission dysphagia independently contribute to delirium risk in ischemic stroke patients? Results from a cohort study
Hongtao Cheng, Simeng Song, Yonglan Tang, Shiqi Yuan, Xiaxuan Huang, Yitong Ling, Zichen Wang, Xiaoying Tian, Jun Lyu
BMC Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Preoperative Anxiety and Its Postoperative Associated Factors in Patients Receiving Post Anesthetic Recovery Care at Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Yul Ha Lee, Hye-Ja Park
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(3): 267. CrossRef
Delirium Experience of the Intensive Care Unit Patients
Jaeyeon Jung, Sujin Jang, Seonmi Jo, Sunhee Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(2): 134. CrossRef
The training needs of Korean intensive care unit nurses regarding delirium
Young Sook Roh
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2021; 62: 102954. CrossRef
Effect on Quality of Care of a Delirium Prevention Campaign for Surgical Intensive Care Nurses
Heejeong Kim, Sun-Mi Lee
Journal of Nursing Care Quality.2021; 36(4): 361. CrossRef
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Effect of Delirium Prevention Intervention in Korean Intensive Care Units
Jiyeon Kang, Min Jeong Choi
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2021; 14(3): 141. CrossRef

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Person-Centered Relational Care Experienced by Critical Care Nurses: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Study: Myoung Sun Jang, Sungjae Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(4):423-436. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.423

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The aim of the study was to explore nurses’ experience of person-centered relational care in the context of critical care.

Methods

Key interview questions were developed based on the human-to-human relationship model suggested by Travelbee. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 11 nurses having more than 2 years of working experience in intensive care units. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted to analyze the data.

Results

Four super-ordinate and nine sub-ordinate themes were identified. Emerged super-ordinate themes were as follows: (1) encountering a live person via patient monitoring systems; (2) deep empathic connection; (3) humanistic and compassionate care, and (4) accompanying the journey to the end. Study findings revealed that nurses in intensive care units experienced ‘balancing emotions’ and ‘authenticity’ in caring when entering human-to-human relationships with dying patients. The phenomenon of person-centered relational care in intensive care units was found to subsume intrinsic attributes of empathy, compassion, and trust, similar to the central concepts of Travelbee's theory.

Conclusion

The interpretative findings in this study provide deeper understanding of Travelbee's human-to-human relationship model. The technological environment in intensive care units did not hinder experienced nurses from forming human-to-human relationships. These themes need to be emphasized in critical care nursing education as well as in nursing management. The results of this study will contribute to understanding nurse-patient caring relationships in depth, and help improve the quality of nursing care in intensive care units.

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Risk Factors of Medical Device-Related Pressure Ulcer in Intensive Care Units: MiJee Koo, YoungA Sim, InSoon Kang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2019;49(1):36-45. Published online January 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.1.36

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of and risk factors for medical-device-related pressure ulcer (MDRPU) development in intensive care units.

Methods

A prospective cohort study design was used, and the participants were 253 adult patients who had stayed in medical and surgical intensive care units. Data were collected regarding the application of medical devices and MDRPU-related characteristics over a period of six months from June to November, 2017. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, χ ²-test, Fisher's exact test, and binary logistic regression analysis with the SPSS 21.0 program.

Results

Among the 253 participants, MDRPUs occurred in 51 (19.8%) participants. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for MDRPUs were the use of endotracheal tubes (OR=5.79, 95% CI: 1.66~20.20), having had surgery (OR=2.95, 95% CI: 1.11~7.77), being in a semi-coma/coma (OR=5.79, 95% CI: 1.04~32.05), and sedation (OR=5.54, 95% CI: 1.39~22.19).

Conclusion

On the basis of the study results, it is effectively facilitated by nurses when they care for patients with MDRPUs in intensive care units and the results are expected to be of help in preventive education for MDRPU development as well as preparing the base data for intervention studies.

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Testing a Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness: A Validation for Korean Adult Patients with Severe Hypertension: Eunha Gil, Heeyoung Oh; J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(5):521-533. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.5.521

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The aims of this study are to provide a theoretical framework for improving the self-care of adults with severe hypertension and to examine the practical suitability of a middle-range theory of self-care for chronic illness by validating the structural model.

Methods

Data were collected at a university hospital in D metropolitan city from July 1 to August 14, 2015. A total of 224 Korean adult patients with severe hypertension were recruited. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0.

Results

The results show that the fit index of the hypothetical model meets the recommended level; 7 out of 8 hypothetical model paths were statistically significant. Motivation, self-efficacy, support from others, and accessibility to care showed statistical significance and explained 67.3% of the self-care process. The self-care process explained 45.3%, 63.6%, and 26.5% of quality of life, health, and illness stability, respectively.

Conclusion

This model can be used as a theoretical framework for improving self-care among adult Korean patients with severe hypertension. Moreover, the practical suitability and validity of the middle-range theory of self-care for chronic illness is secured.

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Effects of Low-intensity Exercise on Functional Ability in Hospitalized Elderly: Rhayun Song, Yeon Ok Suh, Young Rhan Um, Kyung Ja June, Beverly L Roberts; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(4):807-819. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.4.807

Abstract PDF

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of 12-week low-intensity exercise program on muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and cognitive characteristics related to the performance of activity of daily living(ADL). A total of 16 patients who were admitted to the medical unit of a general hospital in ChoongChung province were recruited eight for the exercise group and eight for the comparison group. Four levels of low-intensity exercise from 'ROM on bed' to 'exercise while walking' were then applied to the exercise group according to their physical condition. During hospitalization, patients in the exercise group performed each level of the prescribed exercise with the researchers until they felt. comfortable doing it independently. The researchers also visited the patients' homes after discharge to make sure they could perform the exercise with Theraband in their living environment. The exercise group was contacted by phone once a week to assess the frequency and intensity in which they performed the exercise as well as their physical condition. The subjects in the comparison group participated in measurements for the study without performing the exercise and were contacted by phone after discharge, in a matched time frame with the exercise group, to assess physical condition. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance, cognitive characteristics, and performance of ADL for the two groups were compared at the pretest and the posttest after the low-intensity exercise program by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows : 1) At the posttest, measurments of muscle strengths showed that the strength of the dorsal flexor in the exercise group was significantly higher than in the comparison group. 2) Objective balance for the exercise group was significantly better than for the comparison group as measured by 'standing on one foot' and Tinetti gait and balance control. 3) The exercise group showed significantly higher task self-efficacy than the comparison group. 4) Perceived exertion for ADL for the exercise group was significantly lower than for the comparison group. 5) Improvement of performance of ADL without assistance was significantly for the exercise group than the comparison group. The findings suggest that a low-intensity exercise program would be useful for the elderly who show decline in their physical functioning due to hospitalization by partly improving physical strength, task self-efficacy, and performance of ADL. Directions for further research on issues of motivating people to exercise as well as of standardizing various types of exercise were discussed.

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The Effects of Sasang Constitutional Diet for Essential Hypertension on Blood Pressure, Fat, and Serum Lipid: on the subjects with aerobic exercise and low salt diet at the same time: Eun Young Jeon; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):673-683. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.673

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of SaSang constitutional diet for essential hypertension on blood pressure, fat, and serum lipid on the subjects with aerobic exercise and low salt diet at the same time. METHOD: A non-equivalent control group time-series design was used. For the experimental group, aerobic exercise and SaSang constitutional diet were taught by researcher at health center. Test for hypothesis was done by repeated measured ANOVA. RESULT: There was significant decrease in systolic, diastolic, and MAP between the experimental group and control group over three different times. There was significant decrease in body weight, BMI, and body composition over three different times. But, there was no significant difference between groups and interaction by groups or over time. There was significant decrease in T/G and cholesterol over three different times. But, there was no significant difference in T/G, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol between groups and interaction by groups or over time. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies for the regulation of the blood pressure as a means of alternative- complementary nursing intervention.

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A Relation Study on Burden, Health promotion Behavior and Health Status of the Family Caregiver of Intensive Care Unit Patient: Eun Sil Kim, Jeong Sook Park, Chung Ja Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):654-664. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.654

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the burden, health promotion behavior and health status and to describe the relationship of the burden, health promotion behavior and health status of the family caregivers of intensive care unit patients. METHOD: The subjects were 48 family caregivers of ICU patients in a University Hospital. Data were collected between June, 1 and July, 31, 2000 using structured questionnaires. Research tools used were Suh and Oh's Burden Scale, Revised Walker, Sechrist, and Pender's HPLP(1987) ; Revised Nam's Health State Scale(1965). RESULT: The mean score of burden of family caregiver was 3.01(full score was 5). The mean score of health promotion behavior of family caregiver was 2.52 (full score was 4). And the mean score of health status of family caregiver was 0.68(full score was 1.00). The score of psychological health state was a little higher than the physiological one. In correlational analysis, the burden and the health status of caregivers were reversely correlated . The correlation between the burden and the health promotion behavior, and the health behavior and health status were not significant. CONCLUSION: The more burden caregivers of ICU patients felt, the worse their health status. So nurses need to understand the family caregiver's burden and apply nursing care that can reduce burden, in order to improve the health status of family caregivers.

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The Effect of Yoga Program on Reduced Blood Pressure in Elderly's Essential Hypertension: Hyoung Sook Park, Yun Jin Kim, Young Hee Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):633-642. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.633

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a Yoga program on decreasing blood pressure in elderly patients with essential hypertension and to suggest a yoga program effective as a nursing intervention tool to reduced blood pressure with increasing life satisfaction. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 24 elderly's essential hypertension, who practiced yoga by three times a week for 8 weeks. In order to evaluate the effect of the yoga program, blood pressure, physiological parameters (Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides) and level of life satisfaction were measured before and after the training. Collected date were analyzed by SPSSWIN program. RESULT: 1) There were significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 2) There were significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides but no significant increased in HDL. 3) Blood pressure changes were time specific: Both of systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly reduced after 2weeks. 4) There was a significant increase in life satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The results proved that a yoga program was an effective nursing intervention to reduce blood pressure and to increased life satisfaction for elderly patients with essential hypertension.

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The Effects of Abdominal Relaxed Breathing Training on Stress response and Blood Pressure for Elderly Hypertensionve Patient: Su Jeong Yu, Mi Soon Song; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(6):998-1011. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.6.998

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: In order to improve self-management of elderly hypertensives in this study, the researcher examined the effect of blood pressure regulation by an abdominal relaxed breathing training which regulates physical response to stress and lessens the activity of the sympathetic nerve.
METHOD
A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was used. Thirty elderly hypertensive patient ; Sixteen in the abdominal breathing group and fourteen in the control group participated in this study. The abdominal relaxed breathing training consisted of eight sessions twice a week for four weeks. There was no intervention for the control group.
RESULT
1. There was a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. 2. There was no significant difference in the level of total stress response, physical stress response, behavioral-cognitive stress response between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time.
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies for the regulation of blood pressure for the elderly, which is easy for the elderly to learn as a nonpharmacologic approach.

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The Coping Experience in Hypertensive Clients: Jeong Seop Lee, Sei Young Oh, Hye Sook Han, Yeo Jin Yi; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(5):759-769. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.5.759

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: To find the experience about clients with hypertension and to help them to care for themselves in the community.
METHOD
All data was collected from August 1999 to October 1999, through in-depth interviews, observation, and telephone interview with 7 participants who have been diagnosed with hypertension for 1 to 10 years. According to Strauss and Corbin's Methodology, the data was continuously coded into concepts and categories, and then new data was analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method.
RESULTS
There are 171 concepts, and then they were grouped into 34 the lower categories and 15 to the upper categories. The course of the coping of fear in hypertensive client consisted of 6 processes. The awareness of seriousness was context, and the fear was core phenomenon about the coping experience. We also found that hypertensive clients have 3 patterns, depending on the awareness degree of seriousness and the fear about hypertension.
CONCLUSION
Our nurses should recognize the importance of effective management and seriousness about hypertension, offer clients the importance of family support and the information of etiology, symptoms and signs of hypertension, and provide the correct information on hypertensive medication. We should be able to guide their fear about hypertension to positive self-management, so that they may manage their disease thoroughly and effectively.

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The Effect of a Self-Regulation Program for Hypertensives in Rural Areas: Young Im Park, Myung Hee Jun; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(5):1303-1317. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.5.1303

Abstract PDF

This study was conducted to identify a effect of the comprehensive self-regulation program for hypertensives as a nursing intervention on self-care performance and the physiologic parameters in rural areas. For this purpose, a nonequivalent control group and a pre and post-test quasi- experimental design was used. Fifty-four were evaluated subjects from two Community Health Practitioner Posts in the suburbs of Taejon City. The subjects of the control and experimental groups were matched for age and sex. The self-regulation program developed by author given to the experimental group. The program consisted of group education on hypertension and self-care, self-regulation including the blood pressure self-monitoring, recording of self-care activities, and encouraging and reinforcing self-efficacy. The whole program was carried out from September to November of 1999. The data were analyzed by repeated measure ANCOVA, t-test, and ANCOVA. The results were as follows; There was significant improvement in the scores on knowledge (F=.68, P=.004), perceived self-efficacy (F=26.39, P=.000), self-care performance (F=26.11, P=.000) of the experimental group compared with those of the control group. There was no significant change on the score of locus of control, perceived benefits and perceived barrier, blood cholesterol level, body weight between two groups (P>.05). From these results, it can be concluded that the self-regulation program is an effective nursing strategy to promote self-care performance of hypertensives in rural area.

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The Effects of Chu-ma Therapy on Decreasing Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertension: Nam Sun Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(4):967-981. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.4.967

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Chu-ma therapy and to suggest that the therapy is an effective nursing intervention tool to reduce blood pressure. The research design employed was the non-synchronized research method with non- equivalent control group. A total of 30 people with essential hypertension, who were from forty to sixty five years old, participated in the study. The Chu-ma therapy was administered by every day for ten or fifteen minutes for eight weeks from 19, April to 13, June in 1999. In order to evaluate the effects of Chu-ma therapy, blood pressure of the two groups were measured once a week, and physiological parameters (epinephrine, norepinephrine, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides) were measured before and after the treatment. Collected data was analyzed by SAS package. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) There were significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group. 2) There were no significant changes in epinephrine, norepinephrine of the two groups. 3) There were significant decrease in total cholesterol and triglycerides, and HDL- cholesterol increased significantly in the experimental group. 4) The effect of Chu-ma therapy on the measured time on the blood pressure in experimental group was as follows: Both of systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly decreased after 5weeks. The result proved that Chu-ma therapy is an effective nursing intervention tool for clients with essential hypertenion. However further research is still necessary to compare the effect with the different periods and number of times for Chu-ma therapy.

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Confirmatory Analysis of Perception and Preference Scales for Work Characteristics among Korean Nurses: Yeon Ok Suh, Rha Yun Song, Daily Barbara; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(2):215-224. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.2.215

Abstract PDF: The study was conducted to confirm the construct of individual perception and preference for work characteristics as personal factors influencing Korean nurses' job satisfaction. The subjects of the study were 231 nurses who are currently working in intensive care units and have been for a minimum of 6 months. The study used the Staff Perception and Preference Scale(Song et al., 1997) to measure the individual's perception and preference on the technical, practice, and management components of the ideal work environment. The Korean version of the Staff Perception and Preference Scale consists of 16 items on perception and 13 on preference with each item related on a scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (a great deal). Psychometric testing revealed that the preference and perception scale is internally consistent with Chronbach's alphas of .83 for perception scale and .80 for preference scale. The subscales of the perception and preference scale also showed acceptable reliability for the early stage of the development of the instruments with Chronbach alphas of .62-.76 and .69-.83 respectively. Criterion0related validity of the scale was tested by examining correlations with individual growth need that is conceptually close to individual preference, but not to individual perception. Individual growth need was significantly related to individual preference(r=.63, p<.05), but the correlation with the perception scale was not significant. A separate factor analysis for the each of perception and preference scales was performed with a three-factor loading solution based on a previous study. The results on the staff perception scale confirmed with varimax rotation that the items were cleanly and strongly loaded on technique, practice and management components, which together explained 50.7% of the variance. The factor analysis on the staff preference scale also yielded a three factor solution that explained 56.7% of the variance, but items on technique and management components were loaded together. This phenomena may due to the current nursing delivery system in Korea where nurses never experience either shared governance nor case management, and as a results they may not be able to consider management roles as their potential extended roles. Therefore, more efforts should be given to enhance nurses' autonomy and decision making in the technique, practice and management components of their work environment. Meanwhile, there is a need for continuously confirming and developing tools for individual perception and preferences to effectively enhance job satisfaction among Korea nurses through innovative work environments.

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An Effect of Qi Gong Gymnastics Program on the Physiopsychological Parameter in Essential Hypertension: Myoung Suk Lee, Euy Soon Choi; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1998;28(4):856-868. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1998.28.4.856

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of QiGong gymnastics exercise program in the physiopsychological parameter inessential hypertension. The design of the research was a one group pretest-posttest design. A total of 20 patients with hypertension who were from forty to sixty-five years old participated in the study. The Qi Gong gymnastics program was carried out twice a week for thirty minutes or forty minutes for six weeks from 22, Sep. to 31, Oct. in 1997. In order to evaluate the effect of the QiGong gymnastics program physiological parameter(blood pressure, pulse rate, FVC, FEV1, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Cortisol) and psychological parameter(self-efficacy, Life satisfaction) were measured before and after the exercise program. Collected data was analyzed by the paired t-test with SAS package. The result are as follows: 1) There were significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure, but there was no significant change in pulse rate. 2) There were no significant difference in FVC and FEV1. 3) There were significant decrease in epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol. 4) There were significant improved in general self-efficacy and life satisfaction. 5) The effect of QiGong gymnastics program by measurement time on blood pressure and pulse rate were as follows: In a systolic blood pressure was gradually significant decreased from 1 week to 6 weeks and diastolic blood pressure was significantly decreased after 4 weeks. But there was no significant in pulse rate. This results suggest that QiGong gymnastics are an appropriate nursing intervention for clients with hypertension. For further research is necessary to reevaluate the effect with a letter experimental design and longer period than 8 weeks for the QiGong gymnastics program.

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The Effects of Hypertension Health School Program on Hypertension-related Knowledge, Self-efficacy, Self-care Behavior and Physiological Parameters in Hypertensive Patients
Koung Oh Chang
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The Effects of Health Qigong Training of Elderly Single Women on Pain Consciousness and Depression
Liang Dong, 김용국, 김영숙, 이재범
IJASS(International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences).2013; 25(2): 118. CrossRef
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The Effect of Social Support on Compliance with Sick Role Behavior in Hypertensive Clients and Duration of the Effect for up to 6 months: Oh Jang Park, Mi Soon Hong, Kum Sung Jan, Ji Young Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1998;28(1):159-170. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1998.28.1.159

Abstract PDF

This study was done using a Quasi-experimental research design to determine the effects of social support on compliance with sick role behavior in hypertensive patients and to know if the effect of the social support on compliance lasted for at least 6 months. The subjects consisted of 81 hypertensive patients who were registered in the Cardio-Vascular OPD at Chonnam National University Hospital. They were divided by random sampling into 42 people for the experimental group and 39 for the control group. Data were gathered from June 3, 1996 to June 10, 1997 through individual interviews using a structured questionnaire. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1. Compliance with sick role behaviors in hypertensive clients was significantly increased in the experimental group who received social support from the nurse as compared to the control group who did not receive social support(t=15.99, p<.001). 2. The effect of social support on compliance with sick role behaviors in hypertensive clients lasted for 6 months(t=7.99, p<.001). 3. Four of six people stopped smoking in experimental group after the intervention of social support, but none of the five in control group were able to stop smoking. Fisher's Exact test showed a significant difference between the experimental and control group(x2=4.385, p<.05). Mantel Haenszel test showed that the effect of social support on stopping smoking in the experimental group lasted for six months because there were no significant differences between one month after the social support and six months after, in the number of subjects who stopped smoking(x2=1.154, p>.05). Finally, social support was effective on compliance with sick role behaviors and stopping smoking in the hypertensive clients, and the effect of social support on compliance lasted for 6 months.

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The Influence of Depression on the Life Satisfaction of the Elderly with Hypertension
Hun-Hee Lee, Jung-Seo Lee, Gyeong-Nam Lee
Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information.2016; 21(8): 117. CrossRef
Effects of Community-based Case Management Program for Clients with Hypertension
Ae-Young So, Yun-Mi Kim, Eun-Young Kim, Chang-Yup Kim, Cheol-Hwan Kim, Hee-Gerl Kim, Eun-Young Shin, Weon-Seob Yoo, Ggod-Me Yi, Kyung-Ja June
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(6): 822. CrossRef

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The Experiences of Patients in Intensive Care Units(ICU): Young Hae Kim, Mi Jee Koo, So Hee Kim, Young Mi Kim, Nae Young Lee, Koung Oh Chang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):924-931. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.924

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the essence of the experiences of patients in an ICU, and to understand them from the patients' point of view. METHODS: Participants in this study were six patients in P hospital. Data collection consisted of in-depth interviews and an observation method done from January to April in 2005. The method was analysis using the phenomenological method proposed by Colaizzi(1978). RESULTS: The themes were classified into eight theme clusters. The eight theme clusters were finally grouped into four categories, 'shock', 'pain', 'gratefulness' and 'pleasure of revival'. CONCLUSION: The ICU patients had negative experiences in physical.mental critical situations, but also positive experiences in consolation and nurses and families' encouragement. Therefore, ICU nurses must support patients and their families to minimize the negative experiences and maximize the positive experiences.

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Ye Rim Kim, Hye Ree Park, Mee Kyung Shin
The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2023; 26(1): 28. CrossRef
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Jiyeon Kang, Minhui Kim
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Delirium Experience of the Intensive Care Unit Patients
Jaeyeon Jung, Sujin Jang, Seonmi Jo, Sunhee Lee
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Validation of a Korean Translated Version of the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) for ICU Patients
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Analysis of the Nursing Practice in a Medical ICU Based on an Electronic Nursing Record: Kyung Ja Song; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(6):883-890. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.6.883

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the entity of critical care nursing practices through analyzing nursing statements described by electronic nursing records in a MICU. METHODS: 176,459 nursing statements of 188 patients during a 6 month-stay were analyzed statement by statement according to the nursing process(nursing phenomena, nursing diagnosis, & nursing activity) and 21 nursing components of Saba's Clinical Care Classification. RESULTS: Among 176,459 single statements, the statements of nursing activity ranked first in number. The contents of the statements were analyzed and categorized by main themes. Among 489 categorized themes, the number of themes of nursing phenomena statements was the highest. When analyzed by Saba's clinical Care Classification, the nursing statements mainly included a physiological component. Among 21 components, the respiratory component ranked in the first position in nursing phenomena, nursing diagnosis and nursing activity. The extra statements not included in the 21 components were 9,294(15.1%) in nursing phenomena and 21,949(22.7%) in nursing activity. Most are statements related to tests and the doctor. CONCLUSION: The entity of MICU nursing practice expressed by electronic nursing records was mainly focused on physiological components and more precisely on respiratory components.

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A Study on Job Stress and the Coping of ICU Nurses: Hyoung Sook Park, Eun Hee Gang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(5):810-821. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.5.810

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study investigated job stress and coping of ICU Nurses.

Method

Data was accumulated from 206 ICU nurses serving at least more than one year in 500 bed order hospitals during the period of three months from June1, to August 30, 2006.

Results

The average job stress was 2.96± .95 points, which was relatively high. The average coping was 2.55± .23 points.

Conclusion

The extent of the job stress of ICU nurses was relatively high, and they received the heaviest stress from job circumstances. For the prevention of job stress, every effort is required to analyze the causes of stress caused by job circumstances and to pose an appropriate solution. Meanwhile, job stress, needs to be controlled using a solution for the central problem, and search for social support.

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Patients' Anxiety in Intensive Care Units and Its Related Factors: Chin Kang Koh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):586-593. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.586

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to describe patients' anxiety in the ICU and to investigate related factors on the anxiety level.

Methods

An exploratory cross-sectional survey design was used. Forty-eight patients participated in the study. Questionnaires were asked to patients who had been cared in the ICUs.

Results

Related to the anxiety level, the mean of the total anxiety score was 5.47, and 60% of the patients had moderate or severe level of anxiety. Patients from the coronary care unit had a significantly higher level of anxiety than those from surgical intensive care unit or pulmonary surgery care unit. Moreover, significantly different levels of anxiety were found among patients who had been stayed for 2, 3, or 4 days.

Conclusion

Patients who were from the coronary care unit or had been stayed longer (up to 4 days) in the ICU were significantly associated with higher anxiety level.

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Effects of Anxiety Focused Nursing Interventions on Anxiety, Cognitive Function and Delirium in Neurocritical Patients: A Non‐Randomized Controlled Design
Seo‐young Jang, Myung Kyung Lee
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Pain Assessment using CRIES, FLACC and PIPP in High-Risk Infants: Youngmee Ahn, Heeok Kang, Eunjin Shin; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(7):1401-1409. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.7.1401

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Infants at neonatal intensive care units (NICU) are invariably exposed to various procedural and environmental stimuli. The study was performed to compare the pain responses in three NICU stimulants and to examine the clinical feasibility for NICU infants using CRIES, FLACC and PIPP.

Method

In a correlational study, a total of 94 NICU stimulants including angio-catheter insertions, trunk-rubbings and loud noises, was observed for pain responses among 64 infants using CRIES, FLACC and PIPP.

Results

A significant difference was identified among the mean scores in CRIES(F_{(2, 91)}=47.847, p=.000), FLACC(F_{(2, 91)}=41.249, p=.000) and PIPP(F_{(2, 91)}=16.272, p=.000) to three stimulants. In a Post-hoc Scheff test, an angio-catheter insertion showed the highest scores in CRIES, FLACC and PIPP compared to the other two stimulations. A strong correlation was identified between CRIES and FLACC in all three stimulations(.817 < r < .945) while inconsistent findings were identified between PIPP and CRIES or FLACC.

Conclusions

The results of the study support that CRIES and FLACC are reliable and clinically suitable pain measurements for NICU infants. Further studies are needed in data collection time-point as well as clinical feasibility on PIPP administration to assess pain response in infants, including premature infants.

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Jung Sook Kim, Eun Jung Lee, Eun Ha Ham, Ji Hyun Kim, Young Hee Yi
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The Effect of an Internet Community on Knowledge, Self-efficacy and Self Care Behavior in Workers with Hypertension: Jung Ok Yu, Young Bok Cho; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(7):1258-1267. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.7.1258

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of an internet community on knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care behavior in workers with hypertension.

Methods

The research design used was a nonequivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. Sixty hypertensive workers participated in this study(Exp.=29, Cont.=31). The data was collected from the 3rd of November 2003 to the 27th of February 2004 using an interview with questionnaires. Information related to hypertension was provided on the internet community weekly and an e-mail newsletter was sent in order to increase participation in the internet community. We used a tool developed by Park Young-Im(1994) that measured knowledge related to hypertension and self-efficacy. A tool developed by Jung Mi-Young(2001) was used for self-care behavior. The collected data was analyzed with an chi2-test and t-test using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program.

Results

The internet community helped workers with hypertension to increase their knowledge related to hypertension, as well as increasing their self-efficacy and self-care behavior.

Conclusion

An internet community could be applied as hypertensive nursing intervention.

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Jingjing Liu, Hui Yin, Tong Zheng, Bykov Ilia, Xing Wang, Ruohui Chen, Yanhua Hao, Hong Sun, Mingli Jiao, Zheng Kang, Lijun Gao, Qunhong Wu
BMC Health Services Research.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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Nam Hee Park, Mi Sook Song, So Young Shin, Ji‐hye Jeong, Hyo Young Lee
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Xia Li, Ning Ning, Yanhua Hao, Hong Sun, Lijun Gao, Mingli Jiao, Qunhong Wu, Hude Quan
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Yeonsoo Jang, Hyera Yoo
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Modeling Adherence to Therapeutic Regimens in Patients with Hypertension: Young Sook Roh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(4):737-744. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.4.737

Purpose

This study was done to identify and test a model of the psychosocial variables that influence adherence to therapeutic regimens in patients with hypertension.

Method

A convenience sample of 219 patients with hypertension who were enrolled in an outpatient clinic of a cardiovascular center in Korea participated in the study. They completed self-administered questionnaires anonymously. The questionnaire was based on the Social Action Theory model and a literature review. The explanatory model was constructed and tested using structural equation modeling in order to examine the effects within the model.

Results

The results of this study showed that perceived self-efficacy was the strongest factor influencing patient adherence in this sample. Adherence to therapeutic regimens in patients with hypertension was influenced by self-efficacy, patient-provider relationship, social support, and depression.

Conclusions

Adherence to therapeutic regimens in patients with hypertension was most strongly influenced by self-efficacy. These findings suggest that nursing interventions to promote patient adherence should focus on the promotion of self-efficacy including improvement in patient-provider relationship and social support, and reduction in depression.

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Healthcare providers' support and outcomes in hemodialysis patients: The mediating effect of health literacy
Myung Jin Jung, Young Sook Roh
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Eun Suk Shin, Seon Young Hwang, Myung Ho Jeong, Eun Sook Lee
Asian Nursing Research.2013; 7(4): 205. CrossRef

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Evaluating the Validity of the Pediatric Index of Mortality II in the Intensive Care Units: Jung Soon Kim, Sun Joo Boo; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(1):47-55. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.1.47

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to evaluate the validity of the Pediatric Index of Mortality II(PIM II).

Method

The first values on PIM II variables following ICU admission were collected from the patient's charts of 548 admissions retrospectively in three ICUs(medical, surgical, and neurosurgical) at P University Hospital and a cardiac ICU at D University Hospital in Busan from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2003. Data was analyzed with the SPSSWIN 10.0 program for the descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, standardized mortality ratio(SMR), validity index(sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value), and AUC of ROC curve.

Result

The mortality rate was 10.9%(60 cases) and the predicted death rate was 9.5%. The correlation coefficient(r) between observed and expected death rates was .929(p<.01) and SMR was 1.15. Se, Sp, pPv, nPv, and the correct classification rate were .80, .96, .70, .98, and 94.0% respectively. In addition, areas under the curve(AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) was 0.954(95% CI=0.919~0.989). According to demographic characteristics, mortality was underestimated in the medical group and overestimated in the surgical group. In addition, the AUCs of ROC curve were generally high in all subgroups.

Conclusion

The PIM II showed a good, so it can be utilized for the subject hospital.

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Si Kyoung Jeong, Woon Jeong Lee, Yun Joo Moon, Seon Hee Woo, Yeon Young Kyong, Se Min Choi, Won Jung Jeong, Kyu Nam Park
The Korean Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2010; 25(3): 144. CrossRef
Outcome and risk factors of pediatric hemato-oncology patients admitted in pediatric intensive care unit
Bo Eun Kim, Eun Ju Ha, Keun Wook Bae, Seonguk Kim, Ho Joon Im, Jong Jin Seo, Seong Jong Park
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Hui Seung Hwang, Na Young Lee, Seung Beom Han, Ga Young Kwak, Soo Young Lee, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang, Dae Chul Jeong
Korean Journal of Pediatrics.2008; 51(11): 1158. CrossRef

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Effects of Foot Reflexology on Essential Hypertension Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Gyoo Yeong Cho; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(5):739-750. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.5.739

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on blood pressure, serum lipids level and life satisfaction in essential hypertension patients.

Method

The research design used was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Foot Reflexology was used as the experimental treatment from June 23rd, 2003 until August 31st, 2003. Thirty-four subjects were assigned to an experimental group(18) and control group(16). Foot Reflexology was administered twice a week for 6 weeks and self foot Reflexology was administered twice a week for 4 weeks on the experimental group.

Result

There was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure but no significant decrease indiastolic pressure in the experimental group compared to the control group. The total cholesterol level in the experimental group compared to the control group was not significantly decreased after foot reflexology. However, the triglyceride level in theexperimental group compared to the control group was significantly decreased after foot reflexology. On the other hand, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein levels in the experimental group compared to the control group was not significantly decreased after foot reflexology. Life satisfaction in the experimental group compared to the control group was significantly improved after foot reflexology.

Conclusion

The results proved that foot reflexology was an effective nursing intervention to decrease systolic pressure, and triglyceride but not for the blood cholesterol and to improve life satisfaction. Therefore, blood cholesterol should be further evaluated in a larger group of subjects and for a longer period. Further research is regarded as necessary to evaluate and to compareeffects of self-foot reflexology and foot reflexology.

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Leyla Esmealy, Babak Esmealy, Farhad Vahid, Javad Vakili
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Soon Hee Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2010; 40(5): 686. CrossRef

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Orthostatic Hypotension among the Community-Dwelling Aged: Su Jeong Yu, Mi Soon Song, Hyun Sook Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(2):200-209. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.2.200

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to identify the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension and its association with risk factors of orthostatic hypotension aged over 60 in Seoul and Chungju, Korea.

Method

The data were collected from the 22th of August, 2000 to the 7th May 2001. The participants were 74 community-dwelling aged who could stand up from sitting position without assistance. Subjects were interviewed with structured questionnaire in order to ask experience of previous falls, hours in per day, symptoms related orthostatic hypotension and demographic characteristics. Orthostatic hypotension was assessed at 1 minute after the subjects standing from sitting position and defined as 20mmHg or greater decrease in systolic blood pressure after standing.

Result

The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension was 17.1%. The mean drop of systolic blood pressure was 27.46mmHg among orthostatic hypotension subjects. The significant variables which explain the occurrence of orthostatic hypotension was the basal systolic blood pressure, the hit ratio of discriminant function with basal systolic blood pressure was 69.7%.

Conclusion

Finding indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies to identify risk factors and to prevent orthostatic hypotension for the aged.

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Kee Hong Park
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Eunjoo Lee, Eun Hee Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2014; 26(3): 341. CrossRef

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Factors Predicting the Interface Pressure Related to Pressure Injury in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Ji Seon Shine, Soo Jin Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Mi Yu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(6):794-805. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.6.794

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

Interface pressure is a factor that contributes to the occurrence of pressure injuries. This study aimed to investigate interface pressure at common sites of pressure injury (occipital, gluteal and peritrochanteric areas), to explore the relationships among risk factors, skin condition and interface pressure, and to identify risk factors influencing interface pressure.

Methods

A total of 100 patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled at a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. Interface pressure was recorded by a scanning aid device (PalmQ). Patient data regarding age, pulmonary disease, Braden Scale score, body mass index, serum albumin, hemoglobin, mean blood pressure, body temperature, and oxygen saturation were included as risk factors. Data collected from July to September 2016 were analyzed using binary logistic regression.

Results

The mean interface pressure of the occipital, gluteal, and right and left peritrochanteric areas were 37.96 (±14.90), 41.15 (±16.04), 53.44 (±24.67), and 54.33 (±22.80) mmHg, respectively. Predictive factors for pressure injuries in the occipital area were age ≥70 years (OR 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19~9.98), serum albumin deficit (OR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.00~8.26) and body temperature ≥36.5^oC (OR 3.12, 95% CI: 1.17~8.17); age ≥70 years (OR 2.81, 95% CI: 1.10~7.15) in the right peritrochanteric area; and body temperature ≥36.5^oC (OR 2.86, 95% CI: 1.17~6.98) in the left peritrochanteric area.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that old age, hypoalbuminemia, and high body temperature may be contributory factors to increasing interface pressure; therefore, careful assessment and nursing care of these patients are needed to prevent pressure injury. Further studies are needed to establish cutoff values of interface pressure for patients with pressure ulcers.

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Development and Evaluation of a Self-Reflection Program for Intensive Care Unit Nurses Who Have Experienced the Death of Pediatric Patients: Hyun-Ju Kang, Kyung-Sook Bang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(3):392-405. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.3.392

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study aims to develop a self-reflection program for nurses who have experienced the death of pediatric patients in the intensive care unit and to evaluate its effectiveness.

Methods

The self-reflection program was developed by means of the following four steps: establishment of the goal through investigation of an initial request, drawing up the program, preliminary research, and implementation and improvement of the program. The study employed a methodological triangulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Participants were 38 nurses who had experienced the death of pediatric patients (experimental group=15, control group=23); they were recruited using convenience sampling. The self-reflection program was provided over 6 weeks (6 sessions). Data were collected from April to August, 2014 and analyzed using t-tests and content analysis.

Results

The quantitative results showed that changes in personal growth (t=-6.33, p<.001) and burnout scores (z=-2.76, p=.005) were better in the experimental group compared to the control group. The qualitative results exhibited two themes, namely “personal growth” and “professional growth”, and ten sub-themes.

Conclusion

The self-reflection program developed by this study was effective in helping nurses who had experienced the death of pediatric patients to achieve personal growth through self-reflection, and it was confirmed that the program can be applied in a realistic clinical nursing setting. Furthermore, it can be recommended as an intervention program for clinical nurses.

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The Effect of Health Coaching Programs on Self-Efficacy, Health Behaviors, and Quality of Life in Hypertensive People Living in Poverty: Sun Ok Eom, Insook Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(3):380-391. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.3.380

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

This study was designed to determine the effects of health coaching and mediating variables on quantitative aspect of health in low-income hypertensive people.

Methods

The experimental group for the current study consisted of 21 clients who received health coaching services, and the control group consisted of 22 clients who received home-visiting nursing services. Two groups received health coaching or home-visiting nursing services once a week for 8 weeks. The evaluation variables were self-efficacy, nutrition management, health behaviors, self-rated health, and quality of life.

Results

The results revealed that the level of nutrition management was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (F=10.33, p=.005).

Conclusion

These results confirm that health coaching is a useful strategy that encourages clients to continuously maintain their own health behaviors. Thus, the findings of the current study provide useful data for establishing measures for the health management of those afflicted with chronic disease, such as hypertension. Furthermore, health coaching may be developed into useful intervention strategies for dealing with chronic diseases and improving home-visiting nursing.

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Invited Article

Psychological and Physical Health in Family Caregivers of Intensive Care Unit Survivors: Current Knowledge and Future Research Strategies: JiYeon Choi, Michael P. Donahoe, Leslie A. Hoffman; J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(2):159-167. Published online April 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.159

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This article provides an overview of current knowledge on the impact of caregiving on the psychological and physical health of family caregivers of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and suggestions for future research.

Methods

Review of selected papers published in English between January 2000 and October 2015 reporting psychological and physical health outcomes in family caregivers of ICU survivors.

Results

In family caregivers of ICU survivors followed up to five years after patients' discharge from an ICU, psychological symptoms, manifested as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, were highly prevalent. Poor self-care, sleep disturbances and fatigue were identified as common physical health problems in family caregivers. Studies to date are mainly descriptive; few interventions have targeted family caregivers. Further, studies that elicit unique needs of families from diverse cultures are lacking.

Conclusion

Studies to date have described the impact of caregiving on the psychological and physical health in family caregivers of ICU survivors. Few studies have tested interventions to support unique needs in this population. Therefore, evidence for best strategies is lacking. Future research is needed to identify ICU caregivers at greatest risk for distress, time points to target interventions with maximal efficacy, needs of those from diverse cultures and test interventions to mitigate family caregivers' burden.

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The Caregiver Pathway Intervention Can Contribute to Reduced Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Among Family Caregivers of ICU Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Solbjørg Watland, Lise Solberg Nes, Øivind Ekeberg, Morten Rostrup, Elizabeth Hanson, Mirjam Ekstedt, Una Stenberg, Milada Hagen, Elin Børøsund
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Original Articles

Development of Korean Intensive Care Delirium Screening Tool (KICDST): Ae-Ri-Na Nam, Jee-Won Park; J Korean Acad Nurs 2016;46(1):149-158. Published online February 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2016.46.1.149

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to develop of the Korean intensive care delirium screening tool (KICDST).

Methods

The KICDST was developed in 5 steps: Configuration of conceptual frame, development of preliminary tool, pilot study, reliability and validity test, development of final KICDST. Reliability tests were done using degree of agreement between evaluators and internal consistency. For validity tests, CVI (Content Validity Index), ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) analysis, known group technique and factor analysis were used.

Results

In the reliability test, the degree of agreement between evaluators showed .80~1.00 and the internal consistency was KR-20=.84. The CVI was .83~1.00. In ROC analysis, the AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve) was .98. Assessment score was 4 points. The values for sensitivity, specificity, correct classification rate, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were found to be 95.0%, 93.7%, 94.4%, 95.0% and 93.7%, respectively. In the known group technique, the average delirium screening tool score of the non-delirium group was 1.25±0.99 while that of delirium group was 5.07±1.89 (t= - 16.33, p <.001). The factors were classified into 3 factors (cognitive change, symptom fluctuation, psychomotor retardation), which explained 67.4% of total variance.

Conclusion

Findings show that the KICDST has high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, this screening tool is recommended for early identification of delirium in intensive care patients.

Citations

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Comparison of the Validity of the PRE-DELIRIC model and the E-PRE-DELIRIC model for Predicting Delirium in patients after Cardiac Surgery
Eun Ju Cho, Myoung Soo Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(3): 275. CrossRef

1,533 View
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1 Crossref

Effects of Self-management Program applying Dongsasub Training on Self-efficacy, Self-esteem, Self-management Behavior and Blood Pressure in Older Adults with Hypertension: Myoungsuk Kim, Misoon Song; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(4):576-586. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.576

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop a self-management program applying Dongsasub training based on self-efficacy theory, and to verify the program effectiveness on self-esteem as well as self-efficacy, self-management behaviors, and blood pressure.

Methods

The study design was a non-equivalent, pre-post controlled quasi-experiment study. Thirty-eight patients aged 65 and older from a senior welfare center in Seoul participated in this study (20 patients in the experimental group and 18 patients in the control group). The self-management program applying Dongsasub training consisted of eight sessions. After development was complete the program was used with the experimental group. Outcome variables included self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-management behaviors measured by questionnaires, and blood pressure measured by electronic manometer.

Results

Self-efficacy (t=2.42, p =.021), self-esteem (t=2.57, p =.014) and self-management behaviors (t=2.21, p =.034) were significantly higher and systolic blood pressure (t=-2.14, p =.040) was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, diastolic blood pressure (t=-.85, p =.400) was not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the self-management program applying Dongsasub training can be used as a nursing intervention in community settings for improving self-management behaviors for older adults with hypertension.

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Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Zohreh Ghasemi Bahraseman, Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki, Esmat Nouhi
BMC Psychology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors Influencing the Self-management Behaviors of the Elderly with Hypertension in the Local Community
Jeongju Hong
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(3): 303. CrossRef
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Hye Jin Nam, Ju Young Yoon
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Amanda J Cross, Rohan A Elliott, Kate Petrie, Lisha Kuruvilla, Johnson George
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Nami Chun, Myoungsuk Kim, Gie ok Noh
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Development and Effects of Assertiveness Training applying Dongsasub Training for Nursing Students in Clinical Practice
Myoungsuk Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2016; 46(4): 490. CrossRef
Effects of Dongsasub Training for Family Caregivers of Patients with Dementia on their Burden, Depression, and Self-esteem
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Model for Unplanned Self Extubation of ICU Patients Using System Dynamics Approach: Yu Gil Song, Eun Kyoung Yun; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(2):280-292. Published online April 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.280

Abstract PDF

Purpose

In this study a system dynamics methodology was used to identify correlation and nonlinear feedback structure among factors affecting unplanned extubation (UE) of ICU patients and to construct and verify a simulation model.

Methods

Factors affecting UE were identified through a theoretical background established by reviewing literature and preceding studies and referencing various statistical data. Related variables were decided through verification of content validity by an expert group. A causal loop diagram (CLD) was made based on the variables. Stock & Flow modeling using Vensim PLE Plus Version 6.0b was performed to establish a model for UE.

Results

Based on the literature review and expert verification, 18 variables associated with UE were identified and CLD was prepared. From the prepared CLD, a model was developed by converting to the Stock & Flow Diagram. Results of the simulation showed that patient stress, patient in an agitated state, restraint application, patient movability, and individual intensive nursing were variables giving the greatest effect to UE probability. To verify agreement of the UE model with real situations, simulation with 5 cases was performed. Equation check and sensitivity analysis on TIME STEP were executed to validate model integrity.

Conclusion

Results show that identification of a proper model enables prediction of UE probability. This prediction allows for adjustment of related factors, and provides basic data do develop nursing interventions to decrease UE.

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Yushu Sun, Xiuping Li, Jia Xu, Xiaojie Zhang, Fanglei Gu, Hongying Pan
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Nursing Open.2023; 10(4): 2593. CrossRef
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Hee Moon Lim, Hyejung Lee, Mi Jung Park, Jeong Eun Shin
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Ping Zhang, Li‐Ping Liu
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Hye Jin Yoo, Oak Bun Lim, Jae Lan Shim, Liza Heslop
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5 Crossref

Risk Factors for Deliberate Self-extubation: Young Shin Cho, Jung Hee Yeo; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(5):573-580. Published online October 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.5.573

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to analyze intubation survival rates according to characteristics and to identify the risk factors affecting deliberate self-extubation.

Methods

Data were collected from patients' electronic medical reports from one hospital in B city. Participants were 450 patients with endotracheal intubation being treated in intensive care units. The collected data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimation, Log rank test, and Cox's proportional hazards model.

Results

Over 15 months thirty-two (7.1%) of the 450 intubation patients intentionally extubated themselves. The patients who had experienced high level of consciousness, agitation. use of sedative, application of restraints, and day and night shift had significantly lower intubation survival rates. Risk factors for deliberate self-extubation were age (60 years and over), unit (neurological intensive care), level of consciousness (higher), agitation, application of restraints, shift (night), and nurse-to-patient ratio (one nurse caring for two or more patients).

Conclusion

Appropriate use of sedative drugs, effective treatment to reduce agitation, sufficient nurse-to-patient ratio, and no restraints for patients should be the focus to diminish the number of deliberate self-extubations.

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Hee Moon Lim, Hyejung Lee, Mi Jung Park, Jeong Eun Shin
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Takeshi Unoki, Hideaki Sakuramoto, Shunsuke Taito, Yuki Kataoka
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Self-extubation in patients with traumatic head injury: Determinants, complications, and outcomes
SaeedA Mahmood, OmaimaS Mahmood, AymanA El-Menyar, MohammadM Asim, AhmedAbdel-Aziz Abdelbari, TalatSaeed Chughtai, HassanA Al-Thani
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Tae Won Lee, Jeong Woo Hong, Jung-Wan Yoo, Sunmi Ju, Seung Hun Lee, Seung Jun Lee, Yu Ji Cho, Yi Yeong Jeong, Jong Deog Lee, Ho Cheol Kim
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2015; 78(4): 336. CrossRef

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Pain Perception of Nurses and Pain Expression of Patients in Critical Care Units: Kyung Hee Bae, Ihn Sook Jeong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(4):437-445. Published online August 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.4.437

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to identify pain perception (P-PER) by nurses and pain expression (P-EXP) by patients in critical care units (ICUs) and degree of agreement between nurses' P-PER and patients' P-EXP.

Methods

Nurses' P-PER was measured with a self-administered questionnaire completed by 99 nurses working in ICUs during May, 2013. Patients' P-EXP was measured with the Critical Care Non-Verbal Pain Scale through observations of 31 ICU patients during nine nursing procedures (NPs) performed between May and July, 2013.

Results

Nurses' P-PER was from 4.49 points for nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion to 0.83 for blood pressure (BP) measurement based on a 9-point scale, Patients' P-EXP was 4.48 points for NGT to 0.18 for BP measurement based on a 10-point scale. Eight NPs except oral care showed higher scores for nurses' P-PER than for patients' P-EXP. Position change (p=.019), subcutaneous injection (p<.001), blood sugar test (p<.001), and BP measurement (p<.001) showed significant differences between nurses' P-PER and patients' P-EXP.

Conclusion

Nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion was scored highest by both nurses and patients. Eight NPs except 'oral care' showed nurses' P-PER was higher or similar to patients' P-EXP, which indicates that nurses may overestimate procedural pain experienced by patients.

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Understanding oral care in the intensive care unit: A qualitative study of nurse experiences and practices with mechanically ventilated patients
Li SuWen, Huang YuYang, Bu Wei
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A Systematic Review on Pain Assessment Tools for Intensive Care Unit Patients
Eun-Jeong Kim, Jiwon Hong, Jiyeon Kang, Na geong Kim, NaRi Kim, Su-Youn Maeng, Hye-Ryeon Park, Min Kyung Ban, Gun Young Yang, Kyung Suk Lee, Eun Hye Jang
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2020; 13(1): 44. CrossRef
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption in Adult Patients in the ICU
John W. Devlin, Yoanna Skrobik, Céline Gélinas, Dale M. Needham, Arjen J. C. Slooter, Pratik P. Pandharipande, Paula L. Watson, Gerald L. Weinhouse, Mark E. Nunnally, Bram Rochwerg, Michele C. Balas, Mark van den Boogaard, Karen J. Bosma, Nathaniel E. Bru
Critical Care Medicine.2018; 46(9): e825. CrossRef

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3 Crossref

Implementation of Ontology-based Clinical Decision Support System for Management of Interactions Between Antihypertensive Drugs and Diet: Jeong-Eun Park, Hwa-Sun Kim, Min-Jung Chang, Hae-Sook Hong; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(3):294-304. Published online June 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.3.294

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The influence of dietary composition on blood pressure is an important subject in healthcare. Interactions between antihypertensive drugs and diet (IBADD) is the most important factor in the management of hypertension. It is therefore essential to support healthcare providers' decision making role in active and continuous interaction control in hypertension management. The aim of this study was to implement an ontology-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) for IBADD management (IBADDM). We considered the concepts of antihypertensive drugs and foods, and focused on the interchangeability between the database and the CDSS when providing tailored information.
Methods
An ontology-based CDSS for IBADDM was implemented in eight phases: (1) determining the domain and scope of ontology, (2) reviewing existing ontology, (3) extracting and defining the concepts, (4) assigning relationships between concepts, (5) creating a conceptual map with CmapTools, (6) selecting upper ontology, (7) formally representing the ontology with Protégé (ver.4.3), (8) implementing an ontology-based CDSS as a JAVA prototype application.
Results
We extracted 5,926 concepts, 15 properties, and formally represented them using Protégé. An ontology-based CDSS for IBADDM was implemented and the evaluation score was 4.60 out of 5.
Conclusion
We endeavored to map functions of a CDSS and implement an ontology-based CDSS for IBADDM.

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Validation of a Modified Early Warning Score to Predict ICU Transfer for Patients with Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock on General Wards: Ju Ry Lee, Hye Ran Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(2):219-227. Published online April 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.2.219

Abstract PDF

Purpose

To assess whether the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) predicts the need for intensive care unit (ICU) transfer for patients with severe sepsis or septic shock admitted to general wards.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of 100 general ward patients with severe sepsis or septic shock was implemented. Clinical information and MEWS according to point of time between ICU group and general ward group were reviewed. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves with SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.

Results

Thirty-eight ICU patients and sixty-two general ward patients were included. In multivariate logistic regression, MEWS (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-2.85), lactic acid (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.22-2.73) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80-1.00) were predictive of ICU transfer. The sensitivity and the specificity of MEWS used with cut-off value of six were 89.5% and 67.7% for ICU transfer.

Conclusion

MEWS is an effective predictor of ICU transfer. A clinical algorithm could be created to respond to high MEWS and intervene with appropriate changes in clinical management.

Citations

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Predictive performance of clinical scores and survival outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis: a prospective longitudinal study at a tertiary medical centre in Ethiopia
Girum Tesfaye Kiya, Zeleke Mekonnen, Elsah Tegene Asefa, Edosa Kejela, Edosa Tadasa, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Tilahun Yemane, Gemeda Abebe
PeerJ.2025; 13: e20109. CrossRef
Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) as a predictor of intensive care unit admission in cancer patient on chemotherapy with positive blood culture: A retrospective cohort study
Jawad Allarakia, Taher Felemban, Amer Alghamdi, Abdullah Ashi, Yousef M. Al Talhi, Ashraf Alsahafi, Abdulfatah Alamri, Mona Aldabbagh
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Korean nurses’ perception and performance on communication with physicians in clinical deterioration
Bo-Gyeong Jin, Kyoungrim Kang, Hyun-Jin Cho
Medicine.2022; 101(38): e30570. CrossRef
Job Analysis for Nurse-led Rapid Response Teams in Korea
Ju-Ry Lee, Eui Geum Oh, Eun-Young Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(1): 43. CrossRef
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Zoe Abigail Butler
Nursing Standard.2020; 35(3): 70. CrossRef
Derivation and validation of modified early warning score plus SpO2/FiO2 score for predicting acute deterioration of patients with hematological malignancies
Ju-Ry Lee, Youn-Kyoung Jung, Hwa Jung Kim, Younsuck Koh, Chae-Man Lim, Sang-Bum Hong, Jin Won Huh
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2020; 35(6): 1477. CrossRef
Performance of Three Scoring Systems in Predicting Massive Transfusion in Patients with Unstable Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Dong Hun Lee, Kyeung Mi Lee, Sung Min Lee, Byung Kook Lee, Yong Soo Cho, Goeun Choi, Seong Woo Yun
Yonsei Medical Journal.2019; 60(4): 368. CrossRef
Implementation of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines
Vikramjit Mukherjee, Laura Evans
Current Opinion in Critical Care.2017; 23(5): 412. CrossRef
Strengths and limitations of early warning scores: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
C.L. Downey, W. Tahir, R. Randell, J.M. Brown, D.G. Jayne
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2017; 76: 106. CrossRef
Senior Nursing Students' Perceived Competence of Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
Jin-il Kim, Doo Ree Kim, Hyo Nam Lim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2016; 22(2): 115. CrossRef
Temporal changes in physiological parameters of systemic inflammatory response syndrome during the three days prior to a diagnosis of sepsis: a case–control study
HyunSoo Oh, EunKyoung Bae, SeonYoung Lim, JiHye Oh, SunYoung Han, WhaSook Seo
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2016; 25(21-22): 3176. CrossRef
Analysis of Risk Factors to Predict Intensive Care Unit Transfer in Medical in-Patients
Ju Ry Lee, Hye Ran Choi
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2014; 16(4): 259. CrossRef

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Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Colonization on Intensive Care Unit Admission: Sook-Jin Byun, Jiyeon Kang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(2):287-295. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.2.287

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) colonization rate in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), associated risk factors and clinical outcomes for VRE colonization.

Methods

Of the 7,703 patients admitted to the ICUs between January, 2008 and December, 2010, medical records of 554 VRE colonized and 503 uncolonized patients were reviewed retrospectively. To analyzed the impact of colonization on patients' clinical outcomes, 199 VRE colonized patients were matched with 199 uncolonized patients using a propensity score matching method.

Results

During the study period, 567 (7.2%) of the 7,703 patients were colonized with VRE. Multivariate analysis identified the following independent risk factors for VRE colonization: use of antibiotics (odds ratio [OR]=3.33), having bedsores (OR=2.92), having invasive devices (OR=2.29), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus co-colonization (OR=1.84), and previous hospitalization (OR=1.74). VRE colonized patients were more likely to have infectious diseases than uncolonized patients. VRE colonization was associated with prolonged hospitalization and higher mortality.

Conclusion

Strict infection control program including preemptive isolation for high-risk group may be helpful. Further research needs to be done to investigate the effects of active surveillance program on the incidence of colonization or infection with VRE in the ICU.

Citations

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Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns and Colonization Risk Factors Among HIV-Positive Patients in Health-Care Facilities in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia
Mikiyas Zike, Abdurahaman Ahmed, Awraris Hailu, Bedru Hussien
Infection and Drug Resistance.2024; Volume 17: 17. CrossRef
Previous antibiotic therapy as independent risk factor for the presence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in surgical inpatients. Results from a matched case-control study
Philip MacKenzie, Jacqueline Färber, Marius Post, Torben Esser, Lukas Bechmann, Siegfried Kropf, Roland Croner, Gernot Geginat
BMC Infectious Diseases.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Steady Inflow of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Outside a Hospital
Hye-sun An, Sang-Won Park, Su-hui Ko, Ji Hwan Bang
Korean Journal of Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention.2017; 22(2): 63. CrossRef
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus colonization in the intensive care unit: Clinical outcomes and attributable costs of hospitalization
Euihan Jung, Sookjin Byun, Hojin Lee, Sang Yi Moon, Hyuck Lee
American Journal of Infection Control.2014; 42(10): 1062. CrossRef

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Evaluation of a Medication Self-management Education Program for Elders with Hypertension Living in the Community: Jong Kyung Lee; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(2):267-275. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.2.267

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a medication self-management education program on medication awareness, communication with health care provider, medication misuse behavior, and blood pressure in elders with hypertension.

Methods

The research design for this study was a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design. Participants were 23 elders for the control group, and 26 elders for the experimental group. The experimental group participated in the medication self-management education program which included the following, verbal education, 1:1 consultation, practice in medication self-management, and discussion over 5 sessions. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program.

Results

There were statistically significant differences between the experimental and control group for medication awareness, medication misuse behavior, and communication with health care providers. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups for blood pressure.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the education program is effective in improving medication awareness and communication with health care providers and in decreasing medication misuse behavior. Therefore, it is recommended that this education program be used as an effective intervention for improving medication self-management for elders with hypertension.

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Development and effectiveness of an integrated medication management program centered on senior welfare centers for older adults with hypertension: A cross-sectional study
Heuijeong Moon, Dukyoo Jung
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(3): 297. CrossRef
A Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Survey on Medication Safety in Korean Older Adults: An Analysis of an Ageing Society
Mijin Lee, Kyungim Kim, Kiyon Rhew, Kyung-Hee Choi
Healthcare.2021; 9(10): 1365. CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of an Antiviral Agent Medication Adherence Education Program for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Hoo Jeung Cho, Euna Park
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(18): 6518. CrossRef
Evaluation of a group-based hypertension self-management education programme among hypertensive community dwellers
Hanisah Mohd Yatim, Yuet Yen Wong, Seng Hock Lim, Mohamad Azmi Hassali, Yet Hoi Hong, Ahmad Fauzi Dali, Chin Fen Neoh
European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2018; 24: 79. CrossRef
Testing a Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness: A Validation for Korean Adult Patients with Severe Hypertension
Eunha Gil, Heeyoung Oh
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(5): 521. CrossRef
Medication Status and the Effects of a Medication Management Education Program for the Elderly in a Community
Young-Im Park, Kang-Yi Lee, Dong-Oak Kim, Dong Choon Uhm, Ji-Hyun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(3): 170. CrossRef
The Effects of Long term Osteoporosis Management Education on BMD Level and Medication Compliance in Postmenopausal Women
Dong-Hee Kim, Young-Sil Bae, Sang-Hwa Lee
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(1): 102. CrossRef
Effects of an Integrated Case Management Program on Medication Adherence, Pain, Physical Function and Depression among Korean Medical Aid Beneficiaries with Osteoarthritis
Yang Heui Ahn
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(1): 32. CrossRef
Effects of an Extreme Heat Adaptation Program in Hypertensive Patients
Seong Hee Jeong, Nam Soon Kim, Sumi Chae, Eun Ju Lee
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2014; 16(3): 164. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Medication Adherence in Patients with Hypertension: Based on the 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Eunhee Cho, Chung Yul Lee, Insook Kim, Taewha Lee, Gwang Suk Kim, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Jisook Ko, Kyongeun Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2013; 24(4): 419. CrossRef
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Young Hee Sung, Kyung Hee Park
Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing.2011; 38(1): 38. CrossRef

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Comparison of Benefit Estimation Models in Cost-Benefit Analysis: A Case of Chronic Hypertension Management Programs: Ji Young Lim, Mi Ja Kim, Chang Gi Park, Jung Yun Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2011;41(6):750-757. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.6.750

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Cost-benefit analysis is one of the most commonly used economic evaluation methods, which helps to inform the economic value of a program to decision makers. However, the selection of a correct benefit estimation method remains critical for accurate cost-benefit analysis. This paper compared benefit estimations among three different benefit estimation models.

Methods

Data from community-based chronic hypertension management programs in a city in South Korea were used. Three different benefit estimation methods were compared. The first was a standard deterministic estimation model; second, a repeated-measures deterministic estimation model; and third, a transitional probability estimation model.

Results

The estimated net benefit of the three different methods were $1,273.01, $-3,749.42, and $-5,122.55 respectively.

Conclusion

The transitional probability estimation model showed the most correct and realistic benefit estimation, as it traced possible paths of changing status between time points and it accounted for both positive and negative benefits.

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Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Community Intervention and Health Promotion Programs for the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases in Japan and Other East and Southeast Asian Countries
Akihiro Hirashiki, Atsuya Shimizu, Kenichiro Nomoto, Manabu Kokubo, Noriyuki Suzuki, Hidenori Arai
Circulation Reports.2022; 4(4): 149. CrossRef
A Systematic Review of Economic Evidence on Community Hypertension Interventions
Donglan Zhang, Guijing Wang, Heesoo Joo
American Journal of Preventive Medicine.2017; 53(6): S121. CrossRef

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Suitability and Readability Assessment of Printed Educational Materials on Hypertension: Tae Wha Lee, Soo Jin Kang, Hye Hyun Kim, So Ra Woo, Sinhye Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2011;41(3):333-343. Published online June 13, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.3.333

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The aim of this study was to assess the suitability and readability of printed educational materials for patients with hypertension in Korea.

Methods

A total of 33 written educational materials related to hypertension were collected from public health centers, hospitals, and internet web site. Among them, we analyzed 19 materials which fit the inclusion criteria: leaflets (n=9), booklets (n=3), and guide book (n=7). Two trained nurses evaluate the materials using suitability assessment tool (SAM; Doak, Doak, & Root, 1996a) and graded lexical items for teaching Korean (Kim, 2003).

Results

Overall, 14 (73.7%) of 19 materials scored adequate, and 5 (26.3%) scored inadequate. On the average, the education materials contained 36.1% to 50.5% of 1st grade reading level words and 12.9% to 21.6% of 4th grade level and over.

Conclusion

The reading level of the materials was higher than a 6th grade reading level. It is proposed that the written educational materials should be developed by health professionals according to suitability and quality by taking the target group's literacy capacity into consideration.

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Readability of Korean-Language COVID-19 Information from the South Korean National COVID-19 Portal Intended for the General Public: Cross-sectional Infodemiology Study
Hana Moon, Geon Ho Lee, Yoon Jeong Cho
JMIR Formative Research.2022; 6(3): e30085. CrossRef
Factors Associated with the Health Literacy on Social Determinants of Health: A Focus on Socioeconomic Position and Work Environment
Mikyeong Cho, Young-Me Lee, Seung joo Lim, Hyeonkyeong Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(18): 6663. CrossRef
Assessing of the audiovisual patient educational materials on diabetes care with PEMAT
Soo Jin Kang, Mi Sook Lee
Public Health Nursing.2019; 36(3): 379. CrossRef
Assessing and Validating an Educational Resource Package for Health Professionals to Improve Smoking Cessation Care in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Pregnant Women
Yael Bar-Zeev, Michelle Bovill, Billie Bonevski, Maree Gruppetta, Jennifer Reath, Gillian Gould
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2017; 14(10): 1148. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Readability and Suitability of Printed Educational Materials on Metabolic Syndrome
Jung Eun Kim, Sook Ja Yang
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2016; 30(1): 149. CrossRef
Evidence-based health literacy improvements: trends on health literacy studies in Korea
Soo Jin Kang, Mi Sook Lee
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2015; 32(4): 93. CrossRef
Readability and Suitability Evaluation of Educational Materials on Diabetes Mellitus
Young-Ran Chin, Kyung-Won Choi
The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2014; 8(2): 161. CrossRef

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Verification of Validity of MPM II for Neurological Patients in Intensive Care Units: Heejeong Kim, Kyunghee Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2011;41(1):92-100. Published online February 28, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.1.92

Abstract PDF

Purpose

Mortality Provability Model (MPM) II is a model for predicting mortality probability of patients admitted to ICU. This study was done to test the validity of MPM II for critically ill neurological patients and to determine applicability of MPM II in predicting mortality of neurological ICU patients.

Methods

Data were collected from medical records of 187 neurological patients over 18 yr of age who were admitted to the ICU of C University Hospital during the period from January 2008 to May 2009. Collected data were analyzed through χ² test, t-test, Mann-Whiteny test, goodness of fit test, and ROC curve.

Results

As to mortality according to patients' general and clinically related characteristics, mortality was statistically significantly different for ICU stay, hospital stay, APACHE III score, APACHE predicted death rate, GCS, endotracheal intubation, and central venous catheter. Results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test were MPM II₀ (χ²=0.02, p=.989), MPM II₂₄ (χ²=0.99 p=.805), MPM II₄₈ (χ²=0.91, p=.822), and MPM II₇₂ (χ²=1.57, p=.457), and results of the discrimination test using the ROC curve were MPM II₀, .726 (p<.001), MPM II₂₄, .764 (p<.001), MPM II₄₈, .762 (p<.001), and MPM II₇₂, .809 (p<.001).

Conclusion

MPM II was found to be a valid mortality prediction model for neurological ICU patients.

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Yukyung Ko, Bohyun Park, Hanju Lee, Donghwan Kim
International Journal of Nursing Practice.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Miran Lee, Haejin Kang, Sang-Jin Chung, Kisun Nam, Yoo Kyoung Park
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