Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Nursing Education Systems in Korea, China and the United States of America and its Future Directions: Sung Rae Shin, Kyung Rim Shin, Chun Yu Li; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(7):949-959. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.7.949

BACKGROUND: Korea and the People's Republic of China received their nursing traditions from European and the American missionaries in the late 1800's. However, the stages of nursing education development and its standards are not same among countries. Korea, People's Republic of China and the United States have gone through various internal socio-political, hierarchical changes which impact development of its nursing education systems in the past. PURPOSE AND METHODS: In this paper the authors have endeavored to review undergraduate nursing education systems in Korea, China and the United States in consideration with their unique historical social and political background of its development. Result: Korea has two nursing education systems: associate and baccalaureate. China developed three types of nursing education systems: certificate, associate and baccalaureate. The United States, one of the countries, which nurtured the modern nursing education, has four types of nursing education systems: certificate, associate, diploma and baccalaureate. Furthermore, the authors have discussed on several core and common issues to be considered for future directions on nursing education systems for three countries.

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Development and the Effect of Adolescent Smoking Prevention Video: Sung Rae Shin, Na Sun Ha; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(3):336-343. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.3.336

Abstract PDF

Recently the rate of adolescent smoking in Korea has increased rapidly, and various health problems related to smoking can be expected to increase in the future. Studies on smoking behavior report that assertiveness is important factor influencing on the adolescent smoking. PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develope a educational video for the purpose of adolescent's smoking prevention. METHOD: The 533 participating subjects, 269 in experimental group and 264 control group, in the study were 7th grade students. The content of video introduces three smoke tempting situations. The experimental group received 17 minute video education, and the control group did not receive any treatments. RESULT: The results show that the student's assertiveness was increased significantly in the experimental group after the video education. Student's attitude on smoking became more negative in the experimental group. However, in the control group, the intention, assertiveness, attitude was not changed. CONCLUSION: This assertiveness video can be useful educational resource for the smoking prevention program for adolescents. Also further study on longitudinal effect and application on drinking, drug abuse are needed.

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Effectiveness of a Secondhand Smoking Prevention Program on Adolescents
Min Ah Park, Mi Ye Kim, Young Sun Ha
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(1): 44. CrossRef

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Factors Effect on Quality of Life of Spinal Cord Injury Patients: Sung Rae Shin, Aee Lee Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2001;31(1):126-138. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2001.31.1.126

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study is to act nursing intervention strategies to promote quality of life (QOL) in Spinal Cord Injury patients. Therefore, the study is designed to evaluate religion, marital status, educational background economic status, level of injury, voiding pattern, transportation by driving, rehabilitation education, self-concept, sexual status, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL, perceived hopelessness, personality and pain for QOL at the same time. It was gathered empirical data was collected using a self report questionnaire from 61 patients during a six month period after SCI at 5 general hospitals, at 2 rehabilitation centers and at 2 rehabilitation schools located in Seoul, Dae-jeon city, and Kyung-ki province from Jun. 18, 1999 through Sep. 28, 1999. The reliability of the 19 instruments was tested with Cronbach's alpha which ranged from .6319 to .9769. For the data analysis a SAS program was used for Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows; 1. The mean of total item score in the QOL scale was 2.814, which showed a much lower score than the cancer points. 2. There was a significant correlation between self concept, transportation by driving, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL and QOL.(gamma= .27~-.79, p< .05) 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that; a) Depression was the main predictor of QOL and account for 53.7% of the variance in QOL. b) Hope, ecomic status and body satisfaction accounted for 8%, 4%, 3.4% respectively and these variables combined accounted for 69.2% of the variance in QOL. In conclusion, to begin with, it is important to reduce depression and to help for SCI points to inspire hope, economic status and body satisfaction. That will be short cut for nursing strategies to enhance QOL.

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The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2023; 26(2): 77. CrossRef
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Danielle Sandalic, Mohit Arora, Ilaria Pozzato, Grahame Simpson, James Middleton, Ashley Craig
Psychology Research and Behavior Management.2022; Volume 15: 1997. CrossRef
Knowledge and attitude of nonpsychiatric physicians regarding suicide in spinal cord injury patients and need for structured psychiatric education for suicide prevention
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Medicine.2019; 98(11): e14901. CrossRef
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Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2016; 22(2): 158. CrossRef
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Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2014; 26(4): 444. CrossRef
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Korean Journal of Acupuncture.2014; 31(4): 147. CrossRef

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The Effect of Life Smoking Cessation Program- multidisciplinary approach: Sung Rae Shin, Dong Sup Lee, Jung Hwan Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2000;30(1):110-121. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2000.30.1.110

Abstract PDF

This study was designed to develop the life moking cessation program with multidisciplinary approach using the Bandura's theory of self-efficacy and confirm the effect of it on the self-efficacy and smoking amount in college students. For this purpose non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The participating subjects in this study were 46 male college freshmen, 23 in experimental and 23 in control group. The experimental group received the 8 sessions of lecture and small group discussions for 4 weeks and a telephone coaching program for a period of 8 weeks. The control group received 5 sessions of lecture without further treatments. The data was collected from March 15 to June 11, 1999, and analysed by SAS/PC program with X2 test, simple t, paired t test. The results were as follows. 1. The score of self-efficacy was significantly increased over time in the experimental group than those of the control group. 2. The amount of urine cotinine was decreased over time in the experimental group, number of cigarettes smoked a day were significantly decreased, and they were significantly less than those of the control group. In conclusion it was found that the Life Smoking Cessation Program with Multidisciplinary Approach was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self efficacy and reducing the amount of smoking in male college students. Therefore, future smoking cessation programs should always consider the concept of self-efficacy and ways to positively reinforce it.

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The Effects of Knowledge about the Harmfulness of Smoking and Attitude Toward Smoking Temptation for Middle School Students
Koung Oh Chang, Eun Kyung Byun, Nae Young Lee, So-Young Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2010; 21(4): 522. CrossRef
Construction of the Structural Equation Model on Substance Use in Adolescents
Jeongyee Bae, Panuncio Rosel
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 446. CrossRef
Multidisciplinary Practice Experience of Nursing Faculty and Their Collaborators for Primary Health Care in Korea
Mi Ja Kim, Hyang-In Cho Chung, Yang Heui Ahn
Asian Nursing Research.2008; 2(1): 25. CrossRef

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Analysis of Smoking and Smoking Cessation Related Nursing Research in Korea and its Future Direction: Sung Rae Shin; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(2):415-425. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.2.415

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze the contents and trend of smoking and smoking cessation related nursing research in Korea and to suggest the directions for future research.

Method

Eight nursing professional Journals published by the Korean Academic Nursing Society and by 7 - adult, community, psychiatric, fundamental, obstetrics, pediatrics, administrative- nursing societies from beginning edition to October 2005 were selected. They were examined for the proportion of published research, participants, research designs, key words, measurement tools, and the intervention outcomes in the case of the experimental research.

Result

Of the research analyzed, 87 studies were smoking and smoking cessation related research. The Journals, which had published the most number of smoking and smoking cessation research were J of Korean Academic Society, J of Korean Adult Nursing Society, J of Korean Community Nursing Society. The most popular research design was an descriptive design. The major concepts studied were related psychosocial variables. Among 87 studies, only 11 were experimental research.

Conclusion

Research on smoking and smoking cessation in the nursing discipline are increasing. However more research to test the effectiveness of nursing intervention programs are needed.

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Effects of Smoking Cessation Education for Male College Students
Mi-Kyung Kwon, Kyung-Sook Bang
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2013; 19(4): 640. CrossRef
Effects of a Smoking Cessation Program on Processes of Change, Situational Temptation and Decisional Balance in Male University Student Smokers
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An Analysis of Articles Related to Smoking and Smoking Cessation of Korean Adolescents
Young Sook Kim, Bok Rae Jeong
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2010; 21(1): 53. CrossRef
Smoking Behavior and Predictors of Smoking Initiation in Childhood and Early Adolescence
Sunhee Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 376. CrossRef
Barriers to Health Behaviors in Male and Female Elderly People in Korea
Young Eun, Mee Soon Song, Mee Ock Gu
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(2): 332. CrossRef

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The Effect of Web-based Multimedia Contents for a Course of Physical Examination and Health Assessment: Pok Ja Oh, Il Ok Kim, Sung Rae Shin, Hoe Kyung Jung; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(5):810-816. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.5.810

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to test the effectiveness of Web-based multimedia contents for Physical Examination and Health Assessment on learning achievement.

Method

Multimedia contents based on Jung's teaching and learning structure model were used to enhance learning achievement. Learning achievement was measured by the knowledge of Physical Examination and Health Assessment. The participants of this study were students in a BSN and RN-BSN program in a university located in Seoul. 59 students in the experimental group received lectures using web-based multimedia contents and 75 students in the control group received regular lectures.

Results

The mean score of the degree of educational achievement in the experimental group(mean=31.09) was significantly higher than in the control group(mean=25.55)(t=-3.883, p=.000).

Conclusion

These web-based multimedia contents were found to maximizethe effectiveness of the teaching process when used as a teaching aid, and yet kept the strength of a face to face teaching learning method. This program is recommended as part of a main text, vital teaching aid or cyber lecture materials in nursing schools and in health care educational institutions.

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The Effect of the Flipped Learning on Self-efficacy, Critical Thinking Disposition, and Communication Competence of Nursing Students
Young-Sil Lee, Young Eun
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2016; 22(4): 567. CrossRef
Development and Evaluation of a Web-based Education Program for Nursing Students on Control of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Infection
Ju Gong, Ji-Yeon Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2012; 19(1): 122. CrossRef
Effect of a Web-enhanced Clinical Practicum on Learning Outcome of Adult Nursing Practicum in Nursing Students
Seon-Young Hwang, Hee-Young Kang, Ja-Yun Choi, Hyang-Sook So
International Journal of Contents.2012; 8(2): 36. CrossRef
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Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2012; 19(1): 66. CrossRef
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(6): 831. CrossRef

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Development of Web-based Multimedia Content for a Physical Examination and Health Assessment Course: Pok Ja Oh, Il Ok Kim, Sung Rae Shin, Hoe Kyung Jung; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(6):994-1003. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.6.994

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was to develop Web-based multimedia content for Physical Examination and Health Assesment.
Method
The multimedia content was developed based on Jung's teaching and learning structure plan model, using the following 5 processes : 1) Analysis Stage, 2) Planning Stage, 3) Storyboard Framing and Production Stage, 4) Program Operation Stage, and 5) Final Evaluation Stage.
Results
The web based multimedia content consisted of an intro movie, main page and sub pages. On the main page, there were 6 menu bars that consisted of Announcement center, Information of professors, Lecture guide, Cyber lecture, Q&A, and Data centers, and a site map which introduced 15 week lectures. In the operation of web based multimedia content, HTML, JavaScript, Flash, and multimedia technology(Audio and Video) were utilized and the content consisted of text content, interactive content, animation, and audio & video. Consultation with the experts in context, computer engineering, and educational technology was utilized in the development of these processes.
Conclusions
Web-based multimedia content is expected to offer individualized and tailored learning opportunities to maximize and facilitate the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. Therefore, multimedia content should be utilized concurrently with the lecture in the Physical Examination and Health Assesment classes as a vital teaching aid to make up for the weakness of the face-to-face teaching-learning method.

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A Study on the Projected Workforce of Nephrology Clinical Nurse Specialist(CNS) in Korea: Pok Ja Oh, Sung Rae Shin; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(2):284-292. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.2.284

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to study the projected workforce of nephrology CNS in Korea.
Method
Need models, ratio methods and expert opinion were used for projecting needs for the nephrology CNS.
Result
In 2001, there are 28,046 ESRD(end stage of renal disease)patients, 304 renal replacement centers and 1695 nephrology nurses in Korea. the hemodialysis patients per hemodialysis nurse was 12. The number of nephrology CNS required to meet the demand for caring of ESRD patients in 2002, 2005 and 2020 was estimated at 616, 837 and 3105, respectively. 47 ESRD patients per nephrology CNS was revealed as a workforce standard before 2005. After 2005, It was 31 ESRD patients per nephrology CNS.
Conclusion
This study founded the need to project future increments and development in supply of qualified nephrology CNS.

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Tobacco-Related Education in Graduate, Baccalaureate and Associate Degree Programs in Korea: Sung Rae Shin, Sarna Linda, Danao Leda; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(2):256-264. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.2.256

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this research was to find out tobacco control education taught graduate, baccalaureate and associate degree-nursing programs in Korea.

Method

A valid and reliable questionnaire previously used to assess tobacco use in medical and nursing schools in the United States was translated and revalidated. Surveys were sent out to all the graduate, baccalaureate and associate nursing programs in Korea. All 6-tobacco curricula content areas recommended by the United States National Cancer Institute and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research was included.

Result

Majority of BSN (93.2%-75%) and AD (92.3%-64.1%) programs were teaching health hazards, cancer risk, health effects of tobacco, effects of ETS, contents of cigarette, withdrawal symptoms and high risk groups of smoking as a part of required courses. However, 87.5% (14/16) of graduate, 50.0% (22/44) in baccalaureate, 53.8% (21/39) in associate degree programs were not teaching about the 5 A's. Of those who reported teaching smoking cessation strategies, they were covered most frequently in Community Nursing (50%), Adult Health Nursing (43.8%) on the graduate level, and in Community Nursing (65.9%-BSN, 76.9%-AD) and Adult Health (54.5%-BSN, 74.4%-AD) on the undergraduate level. 31.1% (5/16) in Graduate, 18.2%(8/44) in BSN, 10.3% (4/39) in Associate Degree programs reported that there are no smoking students in their schools and rest of the schools reported either do not know or they have 1 to more than 21% of students smoking.

Conclusion

The study results identifies the quantity and level of tobacco control content in three different nursing programs and will help in developing curricular guidelines in the future. Further survey needs to be done on nursing students' knowledge, attitude and belief on smoking and smoking cessation.

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Seon Young Hwang, Kyongok Park
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Kyung-Shin Paek, Young-Sook Kwon
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Linda Sarna, Leda Layo Danao, Sophia Siu Chee Chan, Sung Rae Shin, Lily Ann Baldago, Emiko Endo, Hideko Minegishi, Mary Ellen Wewers
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Effect of School-based Peer Leader Centered Smoking Prevention Program: Sung Rae Shin, Pok Ja Oh, Hye Kyung Youn, Sun Hwa Shin; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(6):649-659. Published online December 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.6.649

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a school-based peer leader centered smoking prevention program.

Methods

Non-equivalent control group with a pre/post-test design was used. Students (n=174) in two boys' junior high schools located in D city, Korea participated with 85 being selected for the experimental group and 89 for the control group. Five sessions were given to the experimental group and a 50 minute lecture to the control group. Knowledge, attitude, non-smoking intention, and non-smoking efficacy were measured for the both experimental and control group at two weeks before the program and one month after the program was completed. Data were analyzed using χ²-test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test and paired t-test with the SPSS 21.0 program.

Results

The experimental group showed higher overall knowledge, negative attitude toward smoking, and higher non-smoking intention and efficacy. After receiving the school based peer leader centered smoking prevention program scores for attitude toward smoking and non-smoking efficacy increased in the experimental group were higher than in the control group.

Conclusion

The school-based peer leader centered smoking prevention program needs longitudinal evaluation, but from this study, there is an indication that this program can be used with junior high school students and effectively change students' attitude toward smoking and promote non-smoking efficacy.

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Trends in Nursing Research in Korea: Research Trends for Studies Published from the Inaugural Issue to 2010 in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing and the Journals Published by Member Societies under Korean Academy of Nursing Science: Myoung-Ae Choe, Nam Cho Kim, Kyung Mi Kim, Sung Jae Kim, Kyung Sook Park, Young Soon Byeon, Sung Rae Shin, Soo Yang, Kyung Sook Lee, Eun Hyun Lee, In Sook Lee, Tae Wha Lee, Myung Ok Cho, Jin Hak Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2014;44(5):484-494. Published online October 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.5.484

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify trends for studies published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing and journals published by member societies from inaugural issues to 2010.

Methods

A total of 6890 studies were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results

Quantitative studies accounted for 83.6% while qualitative studies accounted for 14.4%. Most frequently used research designs were quasi-experimental (91.1%) for experimental research and survey (85.2%) for non-experimental research. Most frequent study participants were healthy people (35.8%), most frequent nursing interventions, nursing skills (53.5%), and 39.8% used knowledge, attitude and behavior outcomes for dependent variables. Most frequently used keyword was elderly. Survey studies decreased from 1991 to 2010 by approximately 50%, while qualitative studies increased by about 20%. True experimental research (1.2%) showed no significant changes. Studies focusing on healthy populations increased from 2001-2005 (37.5%) to 2006-2010 (41.0%). From 1970 to 2010, studies using questionnaire accounted for over 50% whereas physiological measurement, approximately 5% only. Experimental studies using nursing skill interventions increased from 1970-1980 (30.4%) to 2006-2010 (64.0%). No significant changes were noted in studies using knowledge, attitude and behavior (39.9% ) as dependent variables.

Conclusion

The results suggest that further expansion of true experimental, qualitative studies and physiological measurements are needed.

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Task Analysis of Korean Geriatric Care Managers: Pok Ja Oh, Il Ok Kim, Young Hye Kim, Sung Rae Shin, Kyoung Soon Lee, Suk Jung Han; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(5):770-781. Published online August 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.5.770

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was designed to create a job description for Korean geriatric care managers and examine performance frequency, importance, and difficulty of task elements.

Method

The sample consisted of 38 geriatric care managers and professors who performed duties related to geriatric care management at community based-facilities in Korea. A survey method was used, and the questionnaire included frequency, importance, and difficulty of task elements in job descriptions using the DACUM method. Using SPSS WIN 10.0, descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, means, and standard deviation were conducted to examine the subject's general characteristics, frequency, importance, and difficulties of task performance.

Result

The job descri ption of geriatric care managers revealed 10 duties, 34 tasks, and 105 task elements. On all ten duties, the average performance frequency, importance, and difficulty was 2.55, 2.21 and 2.43 respectively.

Conclusion

The job description of geriatric care managers includes duty, task, and task elements and the definition of a completed job. Thus we recommend a data based trial to confirm and validate the information gathered.

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A Survey on Frequencies of Smoking Cessation Intervention for Patients Among Clinical Nurses: Sung Rae Shin, Pok Ja Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(1):144-150. Published online February 28, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.1.144

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was conducted to 1) find out the characteristic of smoke related characteristics of nurses. 2) find out the frequency of Smoking cessation intervention delivered by nurses. 3) compare the differences in mean scores of smoking cessation interventions by general characteristics.

Method

The survey questionnaire was mailed out to nurses who were working at the randomly selected hospitals throughout the country from November 28, 2003 to February 15, 2004.

Result

0.6% of nurses were current smokers 40.7% of nurses have attended smoking cessation education. Nurses who were older, had masters degree, had oncology experience, higher position, participated in smoking cessation education, and had smoking related disease among family members were variables related to higher frequencies in delivering tobacco interventions.

Conclusion

Although nurses are in an important position in delivering tobacco interventions and provide resources, their participation in consistent delivery of an intervention is less than desirable. To help nurses to participate in the assessment of tobacco use and interventions for cessation, the development of educational program is necessary.

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Changes in Smokers' Perception about smoking before and after Participation in a Hospitalized Smoking Cessation Program: Sung Ok Chang, Sung Rae Shin, Hung Kyu Kim, Sang Suk Kim, Eun Ae Ju; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(6):1163-1173. Published online October 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.6.1163

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to analyze the changes in smokers' subjectivity about smoking before and after participation in a 5-day hospitalized smoking cessation program.

Design

Q-methodology, which provides a scientific method on subjectivity, was applied.

Findings

Nine types of subjectivity changes about smoking were identified; Type I, Nicotine craving → Confident of self control for smoking; Type II, Nicotine craving → Cognition of the link between habituation and smoking, Type III, Nicotine craving → Nicotine craving, Type IV, smoking as a social behavior → Cognition of the link between habituation and smoking, Type V, smoking as a social behavior → Motive to turn away from being addicted to smoking to being healthy, Type VI, Habitual smoking → Confident of self control for smoking, Type VII, Habitual smoking → Cognition of the link between habituation and smoking, Type VIII, Habitual smoking → Motive to turn away from being addicted to smoking to being healthy and Type IX, Denial of the negative effects of smoking → Confident of self control for smoking

Conclusion

The types of changes in smokers' subjectivity before and after the smoking cessation program in this study suggest a better tailored intervention for individual smokers. The types of changes on smokers' subjectivity provide insight about which factors of the interventions for smoking cessation are especially valued for a particular group of smokers.

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