This study was done to provide fundamental data for developing a depression prediction model by discovering main factors that affect depression in patients who do maintenance hemodialysis.

The subjects were 191 patients doing maintenance hemodialysis selected from outpatient dialysis clinics at 9 major general hospitals, The Instrument tools utilized in this study were adapted from depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, stress, adaptation,symptoms, daily activities, and role limitation and thoroughly modified to verify reliability and validity. The collected data was analyzed with a SPSS-PC 11.0 Window Statistics Program for real numbers, percentage, average, standard deviation, and multiple regression.

The correlation factor for depression was (M=2.54) fatigue(M=3.12), sleep disturbance (M=2.82), stress(M=3.04), adaptation(M=2.53), daily activities(M=2.24), symptoms(M=2.37), and role limitation(M=2.24). The strongest factor that affected depression was explained by symptoms of the patients who performed hemodialysis. The analysis of the factors that affected depression revealed a 58.4% prediction in symptoms, stress, role limitation, and adaptation.

It has been confirmed that the regression equation model(Depression=7.351 + .266*symptoms + .260*stress -.189*adaptation + .057*fatigue) of this research may serve as a prediction factor for depression in Hemodialysis Patients.

The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a scale for measuring reliability and validity in the field of oriental nursing education.

A questionnaire was administered to 495 university nursing students using a convenience sampling method. The period of time for collecting data was from September 2003 to January 2004.

The derived outcome tool consisted of 6 factors and 22 inquires on the basis of a conceptual frame of three domains (knowledge, attitude, and skill), As a result of the item analysis, 22 items were selected and the internal consistency alpha coefficient was .767. The value of Cronbach' Alpha of knowledge(factor 1) was .885, attitude(factor2)was .756, and skill (factor 3) was .610. The three factors accounted for 65.110% of the variance in the total scale. Addressing the explanatory variance of each domain Cognitive domain was 22.477%, affective domain was 20.543%, and psychomotor domain was 17.090%.

Further studies need to be done to verify educational evaluation and apply our outcomes to oriental nursing education.

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument of task performance evaluation for clinical nurses, thus testing the validity and the reliability of the scale.

Data was collected from 84 Head Nurses and 255 General Nurses. A conceptual framework, composed of 4 factors of meaning in task performance evaluation, was identified through review of the relevant literature. A total of 78 items were developed and were used on a five-point likert scale. Through factor analysis, items whose factor loading was below 0.50 were deleted, thus 35 items remained. To test the validity and reliability of the instrument, the SPSS 11.0 windows program was used.

The results of the factor analysis indicated that 4 factors were classified and the cumulative percent of variance was 67.54%. The results of the reliability test indicated that Cronbach's coefficient of the total 35 items was over 0.9176. The results of the factor analysis indicated that factor loadings of all items was over 0.50. Conclusively, the validity and the reliability of the scale were proven.

This study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

The purpose of this research was to provide basic data in the control of depression found in patients with fibromyalgia by analysing the main factors that affect them.

The subjects were 207 out-patients in three university medical centers diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the conditions by American College of Rheumatology (1990). Depression was measured by the CES-D Scale. Dependant variables, such as stress and anxiety were measured by the VAS Scale and physical activity was measured using 10(4-point-scale) questions developed by the researcher. The number of tender points was converted to scores based on the criteria of the ACR(1990) and of Yunus. Self-efficacy was measured by the Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Lorig et al.(1989) for arthritis patients.

The main factors that affect depression of patients with fibromyalgia were self-efficacy, anxiety, physical activity, tender points fatigue, and family support, which explained 49% of the depression.

It has been confirmed that the regression equation model of this research may serve as a predictor of depression in patients with fibromyalgia.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of saline solution vs. heparinized-saline for maintenance of arterial lines and to detect changes in platelet and aPTT as physiological indexes.

In this nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized, double-blind study the effects of heparinized and saline solution on the maintenance of arterial lines were compared. Fifty five patients received the heparinized solution and fifty nine patients received the saline solution. All patients who had surgery in K-university hospital between September and December 2011 were eligible for participation in the study.

There was no statistically significant difference between the saline and the heparin group in the maintenance time of the arterial lines or the number of irrigations. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in changes in the number of platelets and aPTT for interaction between the groups and time intervals.

The results indicate that saline solution can be used as an irrigation solution for the maintenance of arterial lines of adult surgical patients, rather than heparinized-saline, in view of potential risk factors in the use of heparin.

This study was done to examine the effects of nurses' perception of servant leadership on leader effectiveness, satisfaction and promoting additional effort. The focus was the mediating effects of leader trust and value congruence.

Data were collected from 361 RN-BSN students and nurses participating in nationally attended in-service training programs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural analysis with SPSS 17.0 windows program and Amos 7.0.

Direct effects of nurses' perception of servant leadership were negative, but mediating effects of trust and value congruency were positively correlated with leader effectiveness, satisfaction and additional effort, that is servant leadership should be effective through mediating factors.

The study results indicate that if the middle managers of nurses can build leader trust and value congruency between nurses through servant leadership, leader effectiveness, satisfaction and additional effort on the part of the nurses could result in a positive change in the long term.

The purpose of this study was to propose and test a predictive model that could explain and predict Korean nurses' turnover intentions.

A survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted with 445 nurses in Korea. Six instruments were used in this model. The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 and Amos 7.0 program.

Based on the constructed model, organizational commitment, and burnout were found to have a significant direct effect on turnover intention of nurses. In addition, factors such as empowerment, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment were found to indirectly affect turnover intention of nurse. The final modified model yielded χ²=402.30, p<.001), χ²/df=2.94, RMSEA=0.07, RMR=0.03, GFI=0.90, AGF=0.87, NFI=0.88, CFI=0.92 and good fit indices.

This structural equational model is a comprehensive theoretical model that explains the related factors and their relationship with turnover intention in Korean nurses. Findings from this study can be used to design appropriate strategies to further decrease the nurses' turnover intention in Korea.

This study was designed to identify burnout and factors influencing burnout in contingent nurses.

A cross-sectional design was conducted with a sample of 228 contingent nurses randomly selected from 25 general hospitals in Korea. The tools used for this study were scales measuring burnout (8 items), job stress (8 items), job satisfaction (9 items), self efficacy (9 items), organizational commitment (9 items), empowerment (9 items), autonomy (7 items) and social support (8 items). The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 employing Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis.

The mean score for burnout in contingent nurses was 3.05 points. Factors influencing burnout in contingent nurses were identified as job stress (β=.40), satisfaction level with current ward (β=-.25), organizational commitment (β=-.21), job satisfaction (β=-.19) and empowerment (β=-.16). These factors explained 65.0% of burnout reported by contingent nurses.

The results indicate which factors are major factors influencing burnout in contingent nurses in general hospitals. Therefore, these factors may serve as predictors of burnout in contingent nurses.

The study was done to identify turnover intention in new nurses according to characteristics of the nurses and other factors affecting turnover and to provide data to set up a strategy to reduce the turnover.

Data were collected from 1,077 new nurses who had less than 12 months employment experience and worked in one of 188 hospitals. Eight research instruments were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS WIN 15.0 program.

Several factors influence new nurse turnover intention. The average score for turnover intention was 2.12. The scores for subscales were self efficacy, 3.76, nursing performance, 3.90, job satisfaction, 2.09, organization commitment, 1.28, stress, 1.32, burnout, 2.82 and nursing organizational culture, 3.29. Turnover intention was related to self efficacy, nursing performance, job satisfaction, organization commitment, stress, burnout, nursing organizational culture, duration of in-class training, duration of on the job training, number of hospital beds, length of employment and duration of employment in current workplace. The predicting factors for turnover intention were burnout, stress, duration of employment in the current workplace, self efficacy and nursing performance. Those factors explained 51.6% of turnover intention.

New nurse turnover intention can be reduced by mitigating the factors affecting this intention.

This study was aimed to identify the factors that influence eating behaviors in coronary artery disease patients and to create data for nursing which is thought to improve the eating behavior.

The study population was coronary artery disease patients who were treated on an outpatient basis. The measurements were eating behavior, diet self-efficacy, perceived-benefits, perceived-seriousness, family support and medical team support. All of the measurement tools above were thoroughly modified to verify validity and reliability. Statistical analysis was done by the SPSS PC 12.0 program.

The influencing factors for the eating behavior was diet self-efficacy (β=0.476), social support (β=0.253), chest pain (β=0.177), smoking (β=-0.173) and regular exercise (β=.169), which explained 46.2%.

Eating behaviors of coronary artery disease patients were influenced by diet self-efficacy, family support and the presence of chest pain. Therefore, the development of a program for efficient dietary education that prevents the progression of coronary artery disease is needed.

This study was to monitor the effects of forming desirable eating and exercise habits and change the blood lipid levels by developing and applying E-Mail educational programs for a hyperlipidemia health check-up.

The research design used a nonequivalent control group pre-post test. Ninety-nine subjects (Exp.=50, Cont.=49) were selected randomly and the male subjects agreed to a hyperlipidemia health check-up at a comprehensive medical screening center. This study verified validity and reliability through factor analysis on a life habit measurement tool. The data was analyzed with SPSS win 12.0 using an χ²-test,t-test, ANOVA and ANCOVA.

Eatingand exercise habit scores of the experimental group which were educated through E-Mails changed considerably more than that of the control group which was not educated. Total-cholesterol and LDLcholesterol in the experimental group was considerably lower than that in the control group, but HDL-cholesterol increased considerably. Triglycerides, however, didn't show change.

An E-Mail educational program may be applied as a hyperlipidemia health check-up nursing intervention strategy.

This research has been conducted in order to understand the major factors that affect self-esteem of adolescents.

Data was collected by questionnaires from 1155 students at middle and high school in Seoul and Kyungkido, Korea. The Instrument tools utilized in this study were self-esteem, body-image, problematic behavior, depression, school adjustment, social support tool and thoroughly modified to verify validity and reliability. The collected data have been analyzed using SPSS 11.0 program. The variable of family harmony and counseling partner was treated as a dummy variable. Seven outliers which were bigger than 3 in absolute value were found, so after taking them off, Multiple Regression was used for further analysis.

The major factors that affect self-esteem of adolescents were depression, social support, body-image, problematic behavior, school adjustment, and family harmony, which explained 54.7% of self-esteem.

It has been confirmed that the regression equation model of this research may serve as a self-esteem prediction factors in adolescents.

The purpose of this study was to develop and to evaluate a health promotion program for elderly.

Subjects were 63 elderly women (experimental group:33, control group:30). The study was a nonequivalant control group pretest-posttest design. The data was analyzed with an SPSS Window program, then the data was computed for the purpose of each study.

1. In designing the program, the experimental group was given health education - 2 times per week, for 8 weeks - and they participated in recreation programs and stretching exercises five times a week. 2. Stretching exercises including health education, significantly affected the total Cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, health behavior and self-efficacy. 3. The body fat weight was not significantly affected by the stretching exercises.

This program was tested to promote the health of elderly and verified as an effective nursing intervention program, because the outcome of this program ascertains that this program enhances self efficacy of exercise, reduces Cholesterol and triglyceride levels' increases HDL-cholesterol, and helps promote the understanding of heath behavior.