Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Research Paper

Factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students: an ecological model: a descriptive study: Jeong Soon Yu, Myung Soon Kwon; J Korean Acad Nurs 2025;55(1):64-80. Published online February 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.24092

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose
This study investigated the factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students using an ecological model and descriptive research.
Methods
Data were collected from 482 students at 13 universities in the six regions in South Korea from October 20, 2020, to March 25, 2021. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression.
Results
The significant ecological factors influencing smartphone overdependence included self-awareness of smartphone overdependence (β=.33, p<.001), autonomy (β=–.25, p<.001), average daily smartphone usage time (β=.18, p<.001), gender (β=.15, p=.001), college year (β=.15, p=.020), forming relationships with others as a motivation for smartphone use (β=–.15, p=.008), friend support (β=.14, p=.006), and age (β=–.12, p=.047). The model explained 34.9% of the variance.
Conclusion
The study emphasized the role of personal and interpersonal factors, in smartphone overdependence among university students. Tailored intervention strategies are necessary to address smartphone overdependence, considering the unique characteristics of students’ environments. A significant aspect of this study is that it provides an explanation of the multidimensional factors contributing to smartphone overdependence among university students, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental influences.

683 View
73 Download

Original Articles

Development and Effect of a Smartphone Overdependence Prevention Program for University Students Based on Self-Determination Theory: Myung Soon Kwon, Jeong Soon Yu; J Korean Acad Nurs 2020;50(1):116-131. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.116

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose:

This study aimed to develop a smartphone overdependence prevention program for college students based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and evaluate its effectiveness.

Methods:

A non-equivalent control group repeated measures design was used for the study. Participants were 64 university freshmen (experimental group: 29, control group: 35). The developed program consists of eight sessions conducted twice a week. The program was designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness the three elements of the basic psychological needs of self-determination theory. The participants were assessed before the program, immediately after, and 1 and 3 months after the program. Data were collected from April 23 to September 14, 2018 and analyzed by performing a Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 23.0.

Results:

This study showed improvement in the basic psychological needs (F=3.90, p=.010) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, competence (F=2.93, p=.035), relatedness (F=2.89, p=.045), and self-regulatory ability (F=3.11, p=.028) improved significantly.

Conclusion

Study findings indicate that the smartphone overdependence prevention program based on the Self-determination theory could be an effective intervention for improving basic psychological needs and self-regulation ability. Therefore, this program could be an efficient strategy for smartphone overdependence prevention in university students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students: an ecological model: a descriptive study
Jeong Soon Yu, Myung Soon Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 64. CrossRef
The Effect of Psychological Needs Satisfaction on Protective Gaming Beliefs and Behaviors
Mu He, Rushui Shan, Jiahui Lu, Kwok Kit Tong
Journal of Media Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Examining the Roles of Problematic Internet Use and Emotional Regulation Self-Efficacy on the Relationship Between Digital Game Addiction and Motivation Among Turkish Adolescents
Öner Çelikkaleli, Rıdvan Ata, Muhammet Mustafa Alpaslan, Zafer Tangülü, Özgür Ulubey
Behavioral Sciences.2025; 15(3): 241. CrossRef
Associations Between Academic Motivation, Academic Stress, and Mobile Phone Addiction: Mediating Roles of Wisdom
Abolghasem Yaghoobi, Kambiz Karimi, Maryam Asoudeh, Sahar Mohammadi
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Davranışsal Bağımlılıklara Yönelik Müdahalelere İlişkin Bir Derleme
Ayşegül SAYAN KARAHAN
AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi.2023; 10(3): 356. CrossRef
Development and Effects of a Self-Determination Improvement Program for Preventing Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: A Pilot Study
Jae Woon Lee, In Sook Kim, Ji Won Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 506. CrossRef
Current prevention strategies and future directions for problem Internet use
Jing Shi, Mark van der Maas, Lu Yu, Qiaolei Jiang, Sarah Agasee, Nigel E Turner
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences.2022; 48: 101231. CrossRef
Effects of an intervention based on self-determination theory on self-health management capabilities of middle-aged women in rural areas through the concept of leisure cafeteria
Yang Jun Park, Heui Sug Jo, Hyang Hee Hwang, Yukyung Park
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2022; 39(1): 59. CrossRef
Effects of On-Campus and Off-Campus Smartphone Overdependence Prevention Programs Among University Students
Jeong Soon Yu, Ok Kyung Ham, Myung Soon Kwon
Asian Nursing Research.2022; 16(4): 215. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Drinking Reduction Program Focused on Self-Determination Enhancement for College Students with Problematic Drinking
Jin-Kyoung Ma, Moon-Sook Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(3): 265. CrossRef

488 View
15 Download
8 Web of Science
10 Crossref

Structural Equation Modeling on Self-Care Behavior and Quality of Life in Older Adults with Diabetes Using Citizen Health Promotion Centers: Songheun Lee, Hyunli Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2017;47(4):514-525. Published online January 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.4.514

Abstract PDF

Abstract Purpose

The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model for Diabetes self-management (DSM) behavior and Quality of life (QoL) in older adults with diabetes who use Citizen Health Promotion Centers. The theory used this study was a combination of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Model (IMB) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to reflect autonomous characteristics of participants.

Methods

Data were collected from April 20 to August 31, 2015 using a self-report questionnaire. The sample was 205 patients with type 2 Diabetes who regularly visited a Citizen Health Promotion Center. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs were used to analyze the efficiency of the hypothesized model and calculate the direct and indirect effects of factor affecting the participants’ DSM behavior and QoL.

Results

The supported hypotheses were as follows; 1) The variable that had a direct effect on QoL was health behavior adherence (γ=.55, p=.007). 2) The variables that had a direct effect on DSM behavior were DSM information (γ=.15, p=.023), DSM confidence (γ=.25, p<.001), and autonomous motivation (γ=.13, p=.048). 3) The variable that had a direct effect on DSM confidence was autonomy support (γ=.33, p<.001).

Conclusion

The major findings of this study are that supporting patient's autonomous motivation is an influential predictor for adherence to DSM behavior, and integrative intervention strategies which include knowledge, experience and psychosocial support are essential for older adults with diabetes to continue DSM behavior and improve QoL.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The mediating effect of health-promoting behaviors on the relationship between infertility stress and fertility-related quality of life of infertile women: a cross-sectional study
Eun Jin Kim, Ju-Hee Nho, Hye Young Kim
Women's Health Nursing.2025; 31(1): 66. CrossRef
Effects of mHealth Practice Patterns on Improving Metabolic Syndrome Using the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills Model
Na-Young Park, Sarang Jang
Nutrients.2024; 16(13): 2099. CrossRef
Health-related quality of life in female patients with reumatoid arthritis: a structural equation model
Bukyung Kim, Mi-Hae Sung
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2023; 29(2): 91. CrossRef
Understanding health‐related quality of life trajectories among older adults with diabetes mellitus: Mixed methods research
Sunhee Park, Taewha Lee
Nursing Open.2023; 10(10): 6945. CrossRef
Factors affecting quality of life in low‐income overweight and obese women: The mediating effects of health‐promoting behaviors
Ju‐Hee Nho, Hye Young Kim, Eun Jin Kim
Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing.2022; 19(3): 201. CrossRef
Systematic review of frequency of felt and enacted stigma in epilepsy and determining factors and attitudes toward persons living with epilepsy—Report from the International League Against Epilepsy Task Force on Stigma in Epilepsy
Churl‐Su Kwon, Ann Jacoby, Amza Ali, Joan Austin, Gretchen L. Birbeck, Patricia Braga, J. Helen Cross, Hanneke de Boer, Tarun Dua, Paula T. Fernandes, Kirsten M. Fiest, Jonathan Goldstein, Sheryl Haut, Diane Lorenzetti, Janet Mifsud, Solomon Moshe, Karen
Epilepsia.2022; 63(3): 573. CrossRef
Factors affecting the health status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatments: A multi‐mediation path analysis
Kang Sun Lee, Hye Young Kim, Heung Young Jin
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2022; 31(9-10): 1285. CrossRef
Psychometric Evaluation of the Korean Version of PROMIS Self-Efficacy for Managing Symptoms Item Bank: Item Response Theory
Mona Choi, Chang Gi Park, Soomin Hong
Asian Nursing Research.2022; 16(4): 187. CrossRef
Health-Related Quality of Life Trajectories Among Older Adults With Diabetes Mellitus: A Group-Based Modeling Approach
Sunhee PARK, Chang Gi PARK, Taewha LEE
Journal of Nursing Research.2022; 30(2): e199. CrossRef
Association of Resilience and Depression with Self-care Competence in Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Youngrye Park, Eun Hee Jang, Ji Ok Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(5): 555. CrossRef
The Effect of Basic Psychological Needs and Wisdom on Successful Aging in the Elderly
Min-Jeong Nam, Young-Mun Cho
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(1): 70. CrossRef
Patient reported barriers are associated with low physical and mental well-being in patients with co-morbid diabetes and chronic kidney disease
Edward Zimbudzi, Clement Lo, Sanjeeva Ranasinha, Gregory Fulcher, Martin Gallagher, Stephen Jan, Peter G. Kerr, Helena J. Teede, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, Grant Russell, Rowan G. Walker, Sophia Zoungas
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

345 View
6 Download
12 Crossref

Effectiveness of the Self-determination Theory based a Motivational Interviewing YOU-TURN Program for Smoking Cessation among Adolescents: Young Sun Ha, Yeon Hee Choi; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(3):347-356. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.3.347

Abstract PDF

Purpose

In this study, the effectiveness of a motivational interviewing smoking cessation YOU-TURN program for adolescents was examined. The program was based on the self-determination theory.

Methods

The study was carried out with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants in the present study were 136 high school students living in D city. The students were assigned to the experimental group (n=52) who participated in the motivational interviewing smoking cessation YOU-TURN program based on self-determination theory, or to the control group (n=84) who participated in a general smoking cessation program. Data were collected from September 1, 2013 through April 30, 2014. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 21.0 with Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Repeated Measures ANOVA, and MANOVA-Wilk's Lambda.

Results

The experimental group had a significant increase in basic psychological needs, and duration of quitting-smoking in comparison with the control group. The experimental group had a significant decrease in cigarettes smoked per day and cotinine in urine in comparison with the control group.

Conclusion

The motivational interviewing YOU-TURN program, when delivered to adolescents who smoked, was effective in discouraging smoking, and can be utilized as an effective nursing intervention for adolescents who smoke.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development and Evaluation of Motivational Interviewing Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program Based on Self-Determination Theory for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Jun Hee Jang, Hye Sook Min
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(2): 191. CrossRef
Reducing the Negative Environmental Impact of Consumerization of IT: An Individual-Level Approach
Ayodhya Wathuge, Darshana Sedera
Sustainability.2023; 15(16): 12160. CrossRef
Development and Effects of a Self-Determination Improvement Program for Preventing Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: A Pilot Study
Jae Woon Lee, In Sook Kim, Ji Won Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 506. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Drinking Reduction Program Focused on Self-Determination Enhancement for College Students with Problematic Drinking
Jin-Kyoung Ma, Moon-Sook Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(3): 265. CrossRef
Comparison of the Prediction Model of Adolescents' Suicide Attempt Using Logistic Regression and Decision Tree: Secondary Data Analysis of the 2019 Youth Health Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey
Yoonju Lee, Heejin Kim, Yesul Lee, Hyesun Jeong
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(1): 40. CrossRef
The Effects of the Smoking Cessation Program of Life Skill Training Using Flipped Learning for Middle School Male Students
Eun Hee Seo, Eun Suk Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(3): 268. CrossRef
Development and Effect of a Smartphone Overdependence Prevention Program for University Students Based on Self-Determination Theory
Myung Soon Kwon, Jeong Soon Yu
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(1): 116. CrossRef
Exploring the Basic Psychological Needs Necessary for the Internalized Motivation of University Students with Smartphone Overdependence: Applying a Self-Determination Theory
Myung Soon Kwon, Juhye Jin
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2019; 28(1): 26. CrossRef
Effectiveness of a smoking cessation program on self-esteem, attitude, perception, and practice regarding control over smoking among male high school
Niyom Junnual, Chulaporn Sota, Anun Chaikoolvatana
Journal of Health Research.2019; 33(5): 366. CrossRef
Motivational interviewing for smoking cessation
Nicola Lindson, Tom P Thompson, Anne Ferrey, Jeffrey D Lambert, Paul Aveyard
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of a Strength Based I-Change Smoking Cessation Program for Smoking Middle School Boys
Jung Hee Kim, Yeon Hee Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(2): 164. CrossRef
Tobacco cessation interventions for young people
Thomas R Fanshawe, William Halliwell, Nicola Lindson, Paul Aveyard, Jonathan Livingstone-Banks, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship between Psychological Needs and Health Promoting Behavior in Community-dwelling Older Women

Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2015; 21(2): 126. CrossRef

294 View
10 Download
13 Crossref

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search