Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Original Articles

Development of a Measurement Instrument for Parenting Behavior of Primary Caregivers in Early Childhood: Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang; J Korean Acad Nurs 2015;45(5):650-660. Published online October 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.5.650

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure the parenting behavior of primary caregivers of children in early childhood.

Methods

An instrument was developed according to Devellis's instrument development process. The participants in this study who completed the main survey were 370 mothers and grandmothers. The survey was conducted from June 1 to July 30, 2014, and collected data were analyzed using item analysis, half-split reliability and Cronbach's α coefficient, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity.

Results

The factor structure of the instrument showed the cumulative variance as 55.7% in the factor analysis. As a result of a confirmatory factor analysis, a four-factor structure was found to be appropriate, and the construct validity and convergent validity of the instrument were thereby confirmed. The finalized parenting behavior instrument consisted of 26 items and four independent factors: affectionate, laissez-faire, educational and impulsive. A five-point Likert scale was employed, and a higher score in a particular factor showed that most of the behaviors belonged to the factor.

Conclusion

The instrument developed in this study was found to be reliable and valid, and can be used to develop parent-child relationship building.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Maternal identity measurement based on the experiences of mothers with infants: a methodological study
Sun jung Park, Eun young Choi
Women's Health Nursing.2025; 31(1): 46. CrossRef
Research trends over 10 years (2010-2021) in infant and toddler rearing behavior by family caregivers in South Korea: text network and topic modeling
In-Hye Song, Kyung-Ah Kang
Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(3): 182. CrossRef
Reliability and Validity of Korean Version of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory
Sona Lee, Hye Young Ahn
Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(2): 85. CrossRef
Motherhood Ideology and Parenting Stress according to Parenting Behavior Patterns of Married Immigrant Women with Young Children
So-Hyun Moon, Miok Kim, Hyeun Na
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(4): 449. CrossRef

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Types of Child Rearing Behavior of Parents during Early Childhood: Q-Methodological Approach: Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(4):486-496. Published online August 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.4.486

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the awareness of child rearing among parents of children in early childhood and to provide fundamental data for parent education programs according to child rearing type.

Methods

Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Forty Q items which were derived from a literature review and interviews with nurturing mothers were classified into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using the QUANAL PC Program.

Results

Four types of parents' child rearing were identified. Type I was named 'affection-respect type', type II, 'concern-rule compliant type', type III, 'solicitude-model type', and type IV, 'geniality-encouragement type'.

Conclusion

For proper growth and development during early childhood, parents should have rational information and awareness of their child rearing type. Results of this study can be used as essential data to develop child rearing education programs according to parents' child rearing attitude.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Motherhood Ideology and Parenting Stress according to Parenting Behavior Patterns of Married Immigrant Women with Young Children
So-Hyun Moon, Miok Kim, Hyeun Na
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(4): 449. CrossRef
Development of a Measurement Instrument for Parenting Behavior of Primary Caregivers in Early Childhood
Sun-Jung Park, Kyung-Ah Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(5): 650. CrossRef
A study on the types of gender role identity in middle-aged men using Q methodology
Sung-Hee Ko, Myung-Ae Kim, Euna Park
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(7): 4361. CrossRef

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3 Crossref

Effects of Logotherapy on Life Respect, Meaning of Life, and Depression of Older School-age Children: Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim, Mi-Kyung Song, Mi-Jeong Kim; J Korean Acad Nurs 2013;43(1):91-101. Published online February 28, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.1.91

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was done to identify effects of a life-esteemed education applied logotherapy on life respect, meaning of life, and depression on older elementary school students.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group and non-synchronized design was conducted with a convenience sample of 142 students. The program named 'My Precious Life'. consisted of one session per week for five weeks. Students were assigned to the experimental group (n=70) or the control group (72). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and repeated measured ANOVA with the SPSS/PC 18.0 program.

Results

Meaning of life and life respect increased significantly and depression decreased significantly for participants in the experimental group.

Conclusion

The results of the study indicate that life-esteemed education applied logotherapy is effective in improving meaning of life and life respect and in decreasing depression in elementary school students. It can also be used to prevent existential distress and to intervene as a motif for having hope in life.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Logotherapy for Depressive Symptoms: A Meta‐Analysis of Passive and Active Control Studies
Jeffrey H. D. Cornelius‐White, Samuel M. Watson, Yasuko Kanamori, Avery J. Cornelius‐White
The Journal of Humanistic Counseling.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Design and effectiveness of an online group logotherapy intervention on the mental health of Iranian international students in European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
Shirin Rahgozar, Lydia Giménez-Llort
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Protective Factors in the Context of Childhood Bereavement: Youth Gratitude, Future Orientation, and Purpose in Life
Christopher Giang, Lauren Alvis, Benjamin Oosterhoff, Julie B. Kaplow
OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Impact of the Logotherapy-Based Spiritually Oriented Group Counseling on Meaning in Life and Multi-Measure Agentic Personality Levels of Emerging Adults
Hatice Vildan Yıldız
Spiritual Psychology and Counseling.2023; 8(1): 27. CrossRef
Sibling coalitions in the context of parental child maltreatment
Carmit Katz, Noa Cohen, Dafna Tener, Or‐Yuval Sharabi
Child & Family Social Work.2023; 28(1): 279. CrossRef
The effect of mobile-based logotherapy on depression, suicidal ideation, and hopelessness in patients with major depressive disorder: a mixed-methods study
Maryam Shaygan, Fahimeh Alsadat Hosseini, Marzieh Shemiran, Arvin Hedayati
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessing quality of life among elementary school students: Validation of the Korean version of the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire
Younyoung Choi, Joo Yeon Shin
Frontiers in Psychology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
“Sometimes it's harder to see than to experience”: The sibling subsystem in the context of parental abuse as conveyed by adult survivors
Carmit Katz, Inbal Hindi, Shikma Kanar, Dafna Tener
Children and Youth Services Review.2022; 138: 106532. CrossRef
The development and effects of the logotherapy-based ego-identity improvement program with the application of group art activities in late school-aged children
Young-Sook Lim
International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES.2022; 9(12): 89. CrossRef
The Effects of Logotherapy on Distress, Depression, and Demoralization in Breast Cancer and Gynecological Cancer Patients
Fan-Ko Sun, Chao-Ming Hung, YuChun Yao, Chi-Feng Fu, Pei-Jung Tsai, Chun-Ying Chiang
Cancer Nursing.2021; 44(1): 53. CrossRef
The effects of psycho-education program based on logotherapy for the development of a healthy sense of identity in emerging adulthoods
Esat Şanlı, Kurtman Ersanli
Current Psychology.2021; 40(9): 4173. CrossRef
They're always there for me! Friendship and meaning in young people's lives?
John O'Rourke, Craig Harms, Lynne Cohen
Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.2019; 60(6): 596. CrossRef
The effectiveness of logotherapy program based on Islamic-Iranian values on marital satisfaction among parents of exceptional children
Neda Farahini, Gholam Ali Afrooz, Bagher Ghobari Bonab, Ali Akbar Arjmand Nia
Family Psychology.2019; 6(1): 15. CrossRef
Systematic Review of Meaning-centered Interventions for Adolescents
Young Sook Lim, Kyung A Kang
Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 263. CrossRef
The effects of psychological meaning-centered therapies on quality of life and psychological stress: A metaanalysis
Joël Vos, Diego Vitali
Palliative and Supportive Care.2018; 16(5): 608. CrossRef
Exploring and assessing meaning in life in elementary school children: Development and validation of the meaning in life in children questionnaire (MIL-CQ)
Anat Shoshani, Pninit Russo-Netzer
Personality and Individual Differences.2017; 104: 460. CrossRef
Effects of Peer Helper Training Program on Existential Spiritual Well-being, Peer Relationship, and Depression for Students Attending a Specialized Girls Vocational High School
Hyun-Ok Jung, Hoy-Ok Song, Mi-Hyang Kim, Hee-Sook Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 310. CrossRef

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The Effects of Logotherapy on Meaning in Life and Quality of Life of Late Adolescents with Terminal Cancer: Kyung-Ah Kang, Jeoung-Sook Shim, Dae-Geun Jeon, Myung-Suk Koh; J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(6):759-768. Published online December 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.6.759

Abstract PDF

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of a logotherapy program entitled 'Finding meaning in my life' for adolescents with terminal cancer.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design was conducted with a convenience sample of 44 late adolescents with terminal cancer. The experimental group (n=22) participated in the 'Finding meaning in my life' program which consisted of five-day sessions for one week. The control group (n=22) received the usual nursing care. The effects were measured using adolescent meaning in life (AMIL), and quality of life (QOL) scales. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test using SPSS/PC 17.0 program.

Results

There were significant differences in AMIL (t=3.36, p<.05) and QOL (t=2.67, p<.05) between the experimental and control groups.

Conclusion

Logotherapy is effective in improving the meaning in life and quality of life of late adolescents with terminal cancer, and can be used to prevent existential distress.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Design and effectiveness of an online group logotherapy intervention on the mental health of Iranian international students in European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
Shirin Rahgozar, Lydia Giménez-Llort
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of a Logotherapy-Based Empowerment Program for Achieving Self-Reliance Among Persons Living Houseless
Myungsun Hyun, Soyoung Kim, Eunyoung Park
Issues in Mental Health Nursing.2024; 45(12): 1301. CrossRef
Assessing meaning in life for gifted learners: Validation of a Chinese version of meaning in life in children questionnaire
Mantak Yuen, Ryder T. H. Chan, Jiahong Zhang, Eric Fung, Serene Chan
Gifted and Talented International.2023; 38(1): 1. CrossRef
Meaning in life as an armor to prevent psychological damage in future crises
Seyyed Muhammad Mahdi Mahdavinoor, Seyyed Hatm Mahdavinoor
Asian Journal of Psychiatry.2023; 80: 103362. CrossRef
Effects of short-term existential group therapy for breast Cancer patients
Chizu Nakamura, Masatoshi Kawase
BioPsychoSocial Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Meaning-Centered Interventions for Patients With Advanced or Terminal Cancer
Kyung-Ah Kang, Suk-Jung Han, Young-Sook Lim, Shin-Jeong Kim
Cancer Nursing.2019; 42(4): 332. CrossRef
The effects of psychological meaning-centered therapies on quality of life and psychological stress: A metaanalysis
Joël Vos, Diego Vitali
Palliative and Supportive Care.2018; 16(5): 608. CrossRef
Systematic Review of Meaning-centered Interventions for Adolescents
Young Sook Lim, Kyung A Kang
Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 263. CrossRef
Models for Spiritual Care in Hospice and Palliative Care
Kyung-Ah Kang
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2018; 21(2): 41. CrossRef
An Integrative Review of Meaning-Centered Intervention Studies for Patients with Advanced or Terminal Cancer
Kyung Ah Kang, Suk Jung Han, Shin Jung Kim, Young Sook Lim
Asian Oncology Nursing.2018; 18(4): 173. CrossRef
State of the Science of Spirituality and Palliative Care Research Part II: Screening, Assessment, and Interventions
Tracy A. Balboni, George Fitchett, George F. Handzo, Kimberly S. Johnson, Harold G. Koenig, Kenneth I. Pargament, Christina M. Puchalski, Shane Sinclair, Elizabeth J. Taylor, Karen E. Steinhauser
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management.2017; 54(3): 441. CrossRef
Effects of Logotherapy on Life Respect, Meaning of Life, and Depression of Older School-age Children
Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim, Mi-Kyung Song, Mi-Jeong Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(1): 91. CrossRef
The Effects of Logotherapy on Meaning of Life of Early Adolescents with Cancer
Shin-Jeong Kim, Kyung-Ah Kang, Sun-Jeong Park, Myung-Nam Lee, Young-Hee Kim
Asian Oncology Nursing.2013; 13(1): 49. CrossRef
Adaptation to Physical Disabilities: The Role of Meaning in Life and Depression
Evangelia Psarra, George Kleftaras
The European Journal of Counselling Psychology.2013; 2(1): 79. CrossRef
Meaning in Life, Psychological Well-Being and Depressive Symptomatology: A Comparative Study
George Kleftaras, Evangelia Psarra
Psychology.2012; 03(04): 337. CrossRef
Spirituality, Meaning in Life, and Depressive Symptomatology in Individuals with Alcohol Dependence
George Kleftaras, Irene Katsogianni
Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health.2012; 14(4): 268. CrossRef

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