The objective of the study is to explore the relationships between the variables of nursing productivity on the framework of system model in the tertiary university based care hospital in Korea. Productivity is basically defined as the relationship between inputs and outputs. Under the proposition that the nursing unit is a system that produces nursing care output using personal and material resources through the nursing intervention and nursing care management. And this major conception of nursing productivity system comproises input, process and output and feed-back. These categorized variables are essential parts to produce desirable and meaningful output. While nursing personnel from head nurse to staff nurses cooperate with each other, the head nurse directs her subordinates to achieve the goal of nursing care unit. I n this procedure, the head nurse uses the leadership of authority and benevolence. Meantime nursing productivity will be greatly influenced by environment and surrounding organizational structures, and by also the operational objectives, the policy and standards of procedures. For the study of nursing productivity one sample hospital with 15 general nursing care units was selected. Research data were collected for 3 weeks from May 31 to June 20 in 1993. Input variables were measured in terms of both the served and the servor. And patient classification scores were measured daily by degree of nursing care needs that indicated patent case-mix. And also nurses' educational period for profession and clinical experience and the score of nurses' personality were measured as producer input variables by the questionnaires. The process varialbes act necessarily on leading input resources and result in desirable nursing outputs. Thus the head nurse's leadership perceived by her followers is defined as process variable. The output variables were defined as length of stay, average nursing care hours per patient a day, the score of quality of nursing care, the score of patient satisfaction, the score of nurse's job satisfaction. The nursing unit was the basis of analysis, and various statistical analyses were used: Reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha) for 5 measurement tools and Pearson-correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis for the test of the relationship among the variables. The results were as follows: 1. Significant positive relationship between the score of patient classification and length of stay was found(r=.6095, p.008). 2. Regression coefficient between the score of patient classification and length of stay was significant (beta=.6245, p=.0128), and variance explained was 39%. 3. Significant positive relationship between nurses' educational period and length of stay was found(r=-.4546, p=.044). 5. Regression coefficient between nurses' educational period and the score of quality of nursing care was significant(beta=.5600, p=.029), and variance explained was 31.4%. 6. Significant positive relationship between the score of head nurse's leadership of authoritic characterisitics and the length of stay was found (r=5869, p=.011). 7. Significant negative relationship between the score of head nurse's leadership of benevolent characteristics and average nursing care hours was found(r=-.4578, p=.043). 8. Regression coefficient between the score of head nurse's leadership of benevolent characteristics and average nursing care hours was significant (beta=-.6912, p=.0043), variance explained was 47.8%. 9. Significant positive relationship between the score of the head nurse's leadership of benevolent characterisitics and the score of nurses' job satisfaction was found(r=.4499, p=050). 10. A significant canonical correlation was found between the group of the independent variables consisted of the score of the nurses' personality, the score of the head nurse's leadership of authoritic characteristics and the group of the dependent variables consisted of the length of stay, average nursing care hours (Rc2=.4771, p=.04l). Through these results, the assumed relationships between input variables, process variable, output variables were partly supported. In addition it is also considered necessary that further study on the relationships between nurses' personality and nurses' educational period, between nurses' clinical experience including skill level and output variables in many research samples should be made.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to daily activities of post myocardial infarction patients. Data were collected from Aug. 1 to Aug. 31, 1988 through an interview schedule lasting for about 30~60 minutes by the investigators. Tools for this study were a daily activities scale and a subjective physical symptom scale developed by the researchers, and Zung's self rating depression scale. The subjects were 45 men 18 women post myocardial infarction patients who were receiving follow up care at SNU Hospital. The data were analyzed by percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA, the Pearson moment Correlation Coefficient test, and Cronbach's a reliability test. The results were as follows. (1) Reliability of the daily activities scale was 0.91 by Cronbach's a. In the daily activities scale, items about transfer, exercise, and job related activities were most highly rated as meaningful to the post myocardial infarction patients, (2) The average daily activities score of these patients was 3.30 (maximum point; 4) all scores were high except for exercise and job related activities. (3) There was a significant difference in daily activities according to sex ; men had a higher daily activities score than women (T=2.32, P<0.05). (4) There was a significant difference in daily act ivities according to job status. Subjects having a job had a higher daily activities score. (5) The lower the depression score, the higher the daily activities score(lambda= -0.5748, P<0.05). (6) The lower the subjective physical symptoms score, the higher the daily activities score (lambda=-0.6015, P< 0.05).

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors which influence the effectiveness of nursing organization in the hospital. The data were collected by employing Delphi technique in a series of three rounds from June 15, 1985 to January 31, 1986. In each round the responses to questionnaires were analyzed and the results were communicated back to the subjects. Finally consensed among subjects in identification of the 48 items which influence the effectiveness of nursing organization in the hospitial. The 48 items were reduced to C factors and named, planning, organization and problem-solving, staffing-and staff developing, supporting, evaluating-contr-oiling and leading, and the number of items included for each factor were 14,14,8,5,3,2 and respectively. Among the 48 items, 2 items were not loaded on forementioned 6 factors because factor loading was below 0.3.

This study was conducted to test validity of related factors and characteristics of 98 Nursing Diagnosis identified in a previous study by the Korean Nurses Association. Data for this study was collected from 892 nurses in eight teaching hospitals located in Seoul using a cross sectional survey method. Each participating hospital was asked to produce at least 10 cases for every nursing diagnosis. There were 7,422 responses out of a possible 7,840. Out of the 7,422 responses 26 were discarded due to incompleteness. Data were analyzed using SAS. The result of the study shows that most of the related factors and characteristics for each of the 98 nursing diagnosis were ranked at more than 3.5 point out of 5 point Likert scale in terms of significance. Through this study the related factors and characteristics of the 98 nursing diagnosis identificance. Through this study the related factors and characteristics of the 98 nursing diagnosis identified through literature review were validated by experts in nursing diagnosis. These validated related factors and characteristics will be utilized for computerization of the nursing diagnosis process.

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree to which nursing diagnoses accepted by NANDA are used and to identify problems in application of nursing diagnoses in clinical practice. With the expanding potential fur computerization of nursing diagnosis, the survey also included data on the present status of hospital computerization and willingness to use computerized nursing diagnoses. The data collection was done from July 1 to August 3, 1996 using structured questionnaires. The questionnaires were mailed to 1,126 head nurses working in 44 hospitals with on occupacy of over 500 beds located in Korea, of these, 883 were returned from 40 hospitals. Among the 883 questionnaires, 867 were used for the analysis. The results of the analysis are as follows 1. Among 109 nursing diagnoses, pain, constipation, diarrhea, hyperthermia, high risk for infection, sleep pattern disturbance, and anxiety, chronic pain, altered urinary elimination, and altered nutrition: less than body requirements were the ten most frequently used diagnoses. 2. The primary problem in the use of nursing diagnoses was lack of time and personnel. Others were lack of knowledge and motivation, absence of protocols and absence of the appropriate methods to apply nursing diagnoses. 3. Among the 40 hospitals, 27 hospitals used a computerized system and expressed willingness to utilize the computerized system of nursing diagnoses that is planned for the future.