This study was conducted to determine the effects of a drug misuse and abuse prevention programon knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviorsrelated to drug misuse and abuse, and depression in low-income elderly women in the urban area.

The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects consisted of 26 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group. The program was performed for about 1hour, once a week for 5 weeks. Data was analyzed by the SAS(ver.8.02) computer program, and it included descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and ANCOVA.

There were statistically significant differences in knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors related to drug misuse and abuse, and depression between the experimental group and the control group.

This study showed that this prevention program of drug misuse and abuse is appropriate for low-income elderly women, Therefore this program is recommended as a nursing intervention strategy for the elderly.

This research was conducted to determine the effects of a fall prevention program on knowledge, self-efficacy, prevention activity, and depression in the low-income elderly women.

The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. There were 22 subjects in the experimental group and 22 in the control group. A fall prevention program was performed for approximately 40 minutes, once a week for 6 weeks.

The results of this study were as follows: There were statistically significant differences of knowledge, self-efficacy, and prevention activity related to falls and depression between the experimental group and control group.

In conclusion, the fall prevention program used in this study is appropriate for the elderly, therefore this program is strongly recommended for community-based health and welfare centers.

This study was conducted to examine the relationship among health concern, self-rated health, health status, and health promotion behavior of elderly women in urban areas.

The subjects of this study consisted of 271 Korean elderly women over 65years. The data was collected through personal interviews using questionnaires from March to May of 2003. The data was analyzed by the SPSS(ver.10.0) computer program, and it included descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, and the pearson correlation coefficient.

There was a significant positive correlation between self-rated health and health status. Health promotion behavior related to all health concerns, self-rated health, and health status.

This study showed that strategies of elderly care intervention to put in practice health promoting behavior is needed to improve quality of life in elderly women. In addition, health education appropriate for health maintenance and health promotion must be done fordaily living to maintain well-being for the rest of their lives.

This study was conducted to examine the relationship among Depression, Stress, and Social support in Korean Adult Women.

The subjects of this study consisted of 2,503 Korean Adult Women from 20 to 64years. The data was collected through personal interviews from March to May of 2001 using questionnaires. The data was analyzed by the SPSS(ver.10.0) computer program, and it included descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, the pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression.

The level of depression, stress, and social support were 16.22 for depression, 27.43 for stress, and 87.48 for social support. There was a significant difference in social support according to residence area, age, level of education, marital status, type of family, religion, income, and job. There was a significant positive correlation between stress and depression, a significant negative correlation between stress and social support, and social support and depression. Stress and social support were significant predictors (29.6%) of depression.

This study showed that thorough nursing assessment of variables related to social support is needed for development of nursing intervention strategies. Further studies need to be conducted for group comparisons according to the life cycle of Korean women.

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate stress in elderly patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD) and to examine validity and reliability of the scale.

The development process for the preliminary scale included construction of a conceptual framework and initial items, verification of content analysis, sentence correction, and pilot study. This study was conducted using a questionnaire survey with one-to-one interviews during January and February, 2012. Participants were 240 elderly patients with CAD. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, and internal consistency.

The developed scale consisted of 32 items and 6 factors - aging and disease (7 items), family relations (5 items), anxiety and withdrawal (9 items), management of daily living (3 items), compliance of medical regimen (4 items), poverty and finance (4 items), and explained 68.5% of total variance. The scale had significantly positive correlation with the Korean Perceived Stress Scale (KPSS). Cronbach's alpha was .96, and Guttman split half coefficient was .91.

Results indicate that the Stress Scale for Elderly Patients with CAD has validity and reliability, and is a suitable scale in health care settings to assess stress in elderly patients with CAD.

This study was done to examine the relationship of low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), depression, sexual function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and to identify factors influencing HRQoL in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) living in the community.

A total of 218 patients with BPH were recruited into the study. The data were collected by personal interviews using questionnaires and were analyzed with SPSS (version 17.0) computer program, and included descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The relationship between HRQoL and LUTS with depression had a significant negative correlation, whereas the relationship between HRQoL and sexual function had a significant positive correlation. Depression, age, LUTS, number of chronic disease, and excercise were found to be significant predictors (35.6%) of the Physical Component Summary of HRQoL. Depression, stress, smoking, LUTS, and sexual function were found to be significant predictors (48.2%) of the Mental Component Summary of HRQoL.

To improve HRQoL of patients with BPH, nurses should focus on the factors identified in this study when doing nursing assessments, and should develop nursing intervention programs for BPH prevention and symptoms management in primary care settings.

The purpose of this study was to identify congruence between self-perception and objective status of obesity according to %Fat, and to investigate health promotion lifestyle in college women.

The participants were a convenience sample of 392 college women who were eligible and agreed to participate in this study. Respondents were asked questions using a health promotion lifestyle profile and were evaluated for their body composition using InBody 3.0. The data were analyzed with SPSS 14.0 program, which was used for Chi square, ANOVA, and post-hoc comparison with Scheffe.

The major findings were as follows; 1) Overall, 41.8% of participants misclassified their perceived status of weight by %Fat standards and kappa was 0.329. 2) Two percent were underweight by BMI but overweight by %Fat and 39.0% normal weight by BMI but overweight by %Fat. 3) There were significant differences in health promotion lifestyle according to self-perception of body weight but there was no difference in health promotion lifestyle according to %Fat standards.

These findings suggest the necessity for development and application of tailored health promotion program based on self-perception of body weight and %Fat in order to reform incorrect body image and health behavior in college women.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among fear of falling, pain, anxiety and depression, and to identify influencing factors in elderly women patients with degenerative arthritis living in the community.

The subjects of this study were 297 elderly women patients with degenerative arthritis. Data was collected by personal interviews using questionnaires. Data was analyzed by the SPSS(version 12.0) computer program, and it included descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression.

There was a significant difference (p= .000) in fear of falling according to the level of pain, anxiety, and depression. There was a significant positive correlation among fear of falling, pain, anxiety and depression. Depression, pain, number of medication, age, and anxiety showed significant predictors (43.5%) for fear of falling.

This study suggested that thoroughly assessing predictors making an impact on fear of falling in the initial nursing assessment is the most important for falls prevention of elderly women patients with degenerative arthritis in the community.

This study was done to understand elderly women within a community who have used lots of drugs.

Data was collected through in-depth interviews with four elderly women from April 2001 to February 2002. Data was analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological method(2000).

The components in common with drug usage of elderly women were as follows: ‘Awareness of the limitation of physical strength and uncertainty of life’, ‘Dread of a crisis situation occurring’, ‘Attachment and dependency on drugs’, ‘Expectation of a comfortable life and death’, ‘Prevention of family burden’, and ‘Pursuit of psychological comfort’. The general structure of experiences was as follows: causal factors were ‘Awareness of uncertainty and limitation’, ‘dread of a crisis situation occurring’ the results factor was ‘Attachment and dependency on drugs’ and the facilitating factors were ‘Expectation of a comfortable life and death’, ‘Prevention of family burden’, and ‘Pursuit of psychological comfort’. The causal relation was cyclic. This structure showed a realistic adaptation pattern.

This study contributed to provide fundamental data for nursing interventions for health promotion and promoting quality of life in elderly women by increasing understanding of the experiences of drugs use.

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of exercise program on knowledge and attitude of excercise, and depression in low-income elderly women.

The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 26 in the experimental group and 22 in the control group among 46 low-income women over age 65. The independent variable is the exercise program, and the dependent variables are knowledge and attitude of excercise and depression. The exercise program was performed for 45-50 minutes, twice a week for 8 weeks. Data was collected from March. 12. to May. 8. 2004.

Participants were given a pre-test and post-test for the selected variables. The experimental group reported significant improvements in their knowledge and attitude of excercise and depression scores compared with the control group.

The results indicated that the exercise program had the potential to manage low-income elderly women's health promotion. Furthermore, the exercise program can enhance life satisfaction in low-income elderly women.