The purpose of this study was to find out health education activities of the 435 school nurses in the secondary schools in Seoul. A questionnaire was sent by mail on March 11, 1985 and received a total of 252 responds till April 4, 1985. Among them, 230 were included in final analysis. Those of 22 school nurses who have worked not more than one year were excluded. The results of the findings obtained of this study are summarized as follows ; 1. An average number of health education activities carried out by the school nurses turned out to be 31.7 times/nurse/year. 2. The practice rates of health education activities by contents of health education were revealed as follows ; in parasite disease 89.6%, hepatitis 89.1% physical examination 87.3%, influenza 84.3%, etc. Health education on drinking and smoking, drug abuse were the lowest rate as 37.8% and 40.9%. 3. The practice rates of health education by the school nurses according to the health education methods were shown as follows ; instruction by the teacher 90.9%, bulletin boards in the classroom 73.0%, message to home notices 72.6%, etc. 4. Difficulties in carrying out health education programs by the school nurse were analysed according to Likert's five point scale. The scores on item to the no availability of teaching tools and tips were 3.90, no availability of audiovisual aids 3.80, lack of understanding from the school principals 3.30, insufficient time of the school nurse 3.26, no guidance or improper form of health education material 3.20, lack of knowledge of educational method 3.18. As a conclusion of this study, the development of the supporting system to health education activities and programs for improvement of school health education is strongly needed from policy making level.
To determine the effects of music therapy on pain, discomfort, and depression for patients with leg fractures.
Data were collected from 40 patients admitted in an orthopedic surgery care unit. The subjects included 20 intervention group members and 20 control group members. Music therapy was offered to intervention group members once a day for 3 days for 30-60 minutes per day. Pain was measured with a numeric rating scale and by measuring vital signs. Discomfort and depression were measured with self-administered questionnaires.
Patients who received music therapy had a lower degree of pain than patients who did not receive music therapy as measured by the numeric pain score (p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (p<0.01), diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001), pulse rate (p<0.001) and respiration (p<0.001). Patients who were provided with music therapy also had a lower degree of discomfort than patients who were not provided with this therapy (p<0.01).
These results demonstrate that music therapy is an effective method for decreasing pain and dis-comfort for patients with leg fractures.