Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Stressful Life Events and Somatic Symptoms of Urban Women: Young Hee Kim, Hyoung Sook Park; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1992;22(4):569-588. Published online March 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1992.22.4.569

This study examined the relationship between the experience of stressful life events and somatic symptoms of urban women. Data were collected by interviewing 200 women from June to July 1, 1991. Viable data work obtained from 162 of the women. Modified version of a stressful life events measurement toll developed P.S. Lee (1984) and the Somatic Discomfort Inventory by Wittenborn were used to measure the variables. Data were processed by an S.P.S.S. program and analyzed. statistically for percentage, T-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation coefficient. Result of the Study are as follows : 1) The group total mean score of stressful life events was 92.66+/-10.41. The higher scores in the "Test and school" of the Extrapersonal factor, in the "Health problems" of the Intrapersonal factor and "Conflict and differences within the family" of the Interpersonal factor, factors, which a suggested by Neuman's model. 2) The group total mean score for somatic symptoms was 100.41+/-9.74. The higher scores were for the factors of "Fatigue (1.94)", "Menopause(1.74)", "Muscular system (1.67)" and "Sleeping (1.67)" 3) The mean scores of stressful life events were higher in the 40~60 age group, for middle school graduates(P<.05), career women and those in nuclear families(P>.05). 4) The mean scores of somatic symptoms were higher in the 45~60 age group, for middle school graduates, non career women and women with 5 or more children(P<0.05). 5) There was a positive correlation between the scores of stressful life events and somatic symptoms(r=.585 P<.05). The higher the level of stressful life events the higher the score of somatic symptoms, the results were consistent with the Extrapersonal, Intrapersonal and Interpersonal stress factors of Neuman's Health Care Systems This research assessed the stressful life events of women, who play the most important role in the family for illness prevention and health promotion and suggested the importance of programs in the Primary Health Services to build basic coping resources.

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Status and Relationships among Lifestyle, Food Habits, and Stress Scores of Adults in Chungnam
Yeon-Ja Seo, Mi-Hyun Kim, Myung-Hee Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(5): 579. CrossRef

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A Producing Process for Korean Nursing Knowledge and Discourse on Analytic Prospects: Bong Sook Kwon, Hyoung Sook Park; Journal of Nurses Academic Society 1997;27(1):61-70. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1997.27.1.61

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to identify the producing process for Korean nursing knowledge as applied by Foucault's discourse analytic method. By Foucault's discourse analytic method, the problem is not what is knowledge but sort of knowledge is made up through specific level of practice. A Korean body of nursing knowledge had been discussed since 1980. At the end of 19th century, missionaries transplanted western nursing knowledge and method to Korea. Western nursing knowledge and methods have been developed continuously with both merits and demerits to Korean society. Recently our world has be come a global community via advances in transportation and correspondence. Although each person is different in skin color and shape, there is a clear line between Oriental people and Western people. Nursing science is only one in our world, but western humanistic nursing practice based on western world view and human life has limits. It is natural that the Koreans as Oriental people have a systemic nursing science to reveal the specific experiential and concrete body of nursing knowledge rooted in the Korean world view and human life. Nursing science is to understand human being, to promote health, to promote health, to restore health, to alleviate suffering and to search for principles needed throughout all of human life. In Korea, now is the quickening period to shape a Korean body of nursing knowledge because of shortage of nursing language in matters of intellectual recognition, and unfamiliar practical nursing field where there is no familiarity in the system of nursing research methodology. In reviewing articles from the Journal of the Nurses' Academic Society on Korean body of nursing knowledge, it was found that there are two common features. The first, human body and mind are inseparable that is one unit in this world and health is keeping a harmonious relationship between human body and mind. The second, Korean nursing practice is based on human nature and family ties. Accordingly discourse analysis had a good future prospect to produce a Korean body of nursing knowledge for analytic research on body and mind monism and family centered care based on human nature and family ties.

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Blood Pressure Variation on Each Measuring Site in the Right Lateral Position: Hyoung Sook Park, Kyung Yeon Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(7):986-991. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.7.986

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND: Blood pressure measurement are used by medical purposes. Most clinical staffs assume that its values are accurate and reliable irrespective of the measured position. In order to measure blood pressure exactly the cuffed upper arm and the heart should be kept at the same level. However, sometimes the blood pressure must be taken with the patient lying on his/her side. In this lateral position it is difficult to set the cuff at the heart's level. PURPOSE: This study aims at applying exact measurements of blood pressure to practical use. Blood pressure measurements taken from the four extremities (right arm, left arm, right leg and left leg) in the lateral position are compared to those taken in the right arm in the supine position.
METHODS
Thirty-one female and Thirty-two male subjects were sampled among fit students and the data were collected from May 7th, 2001 through June 7th, 2001. To begin with, the blood pressure of right arm in the supine position was measured. Then the blood pressure was measured again after 3 minutes in the subject's right lateral position.
RESULTS
The blood pressure in the left arm in the right lateral position was lower than the right arm's blood pressure in the supine position (systolic difference=15.57 mmHg, diastolic difference=10.86 mmHg).
DISCUSSION
Hydrostatic effects are the most likely cause of the drop in blood pressure of left arm in right lateral position. When blood pressure is measured in the left arm in the right lateral position, the position and site should be noted as well as the pressure may be 10mmHg or more lower than the precise blood pressure.

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The Effect of Yoga Program on Reduced Blood Pressure in Elderly's Essential Hypertension: Hyoung Sook Park, Yun Jin Kim, Young Hee Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2002;32(5):633-642. Published online March 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2002.32.5.633

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a Yoga program on decreasing blood pressure in elderly patients with essential hypertension and to suggest a yoga program effective as a nursing intervention tool to reduced blood pressure with increasing life satisfaction. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 24 elderly's essential hypertension, who practiced yoga by three times a week for 8 weeks. In order to evaluate the effect of the yoga program, blood pressure, physiological parameters (Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides) and level of life satisfaction were measured before and after the training. Collected date were analyzed by SPSSWIN program. RESULT: 1) There were significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 2) There were significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides but no significant increased in HDL. 3) Blood pressure changes were time specific: Both of systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly reduced after 2weeks. 4) There was a significant increase in life satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The results proved that a yoga program was an effective nursing intervention to reduce blood pressure and to increased life satisfaction for elderly patients with essential hypertension.

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The Effects of Hypertension Self-help Program on Hypertension-related Knowledge, Self-efficacy, Self-management Compliance and Physiological Parameters in Workers
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A Study on Job Stress and the Coping of ICU Nurses: Hyoung Sook Park, Eun Hee Gang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(5):810-821. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.5.810

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study investigated job stress and coping of ICU Nurses.

Method

Data was accumulated from 206 ICU nurses serving at least more than one year in 500 bed order hospitals during the period of three months from June1, to August 30, 2006.

Results

The average job stress was 2.96± .95 points, which was relatively high. The average coping was 2.55± .23 points.

Conclusion

The extent of the job stress of ICU nurses was relatively high, and they received the heaviest stress from job circumstances. For the prevention of job stress, every effort is required to analyze the causes of stress caused by job circumstances and to pose an appropriate solution. Meanwhile, job stress, needs to be controlled using a solution for the central problem, and search for social support.

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Prediction of Perceived Health Status on Job Stress and Family Stress with Middle School Teachers: Hyoung Sook Park, Seong Hee Jeong, Kyung Yeon Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(4):549-557. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.549

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among job stress, family stress and perceived health status of middle school teachers and to present basic information about promoting health and coping with stress.

Method

Participants(N=547) was recruited in B city from November 2005 to December 2005. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression.

Results

The degree of job stress of the middle school teachers was 54.47 out of a total score of 88; that of family stress was 46.57 out of a total score of 96; and that of perceived health status was 78.59 out of the perfect score 100. There was a significantly negative relationship between job stress and perceived health status (r=-.274, p<.001), and family stress and perceived health status(r=-.408, p<.001). However, there was a positive relationship between job stress and family stress(r=.298, p<.001).Family stress, gender, charging subject, job stress, charging grade and number of family member was 27.1% of the variance in perceived health status of middle school teachers.

Conclusion

Family stress has the most important impact on perceived health status with middle school teachers. Based on the finding, we could conclude that both job stress and family stress management shouldbe required to improve perceived health status.

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A Study on the Relationship between Family Stress and Health Promoting Behavior of the Dual Earner Couples
Ae-Ran Joo
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(2): 221. CrossRef

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Concept Analysis of DNR(Do-Not-Resuscitate): Hyoung Sook Park, Mi Jee Koo, Young Hee Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(6):1055-1064. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.6.1055

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the ambiguous concept of DNR, and to distinguish between DNR and euthanasia.

Method

This study used the process of Walker & Avant's concept analysis.

Result

The definable attributes of DNR were care for comfort, no further treatment and no CPR. The antecedents of DNR were the autonomy of patients and families feelings about death, the uselessness of treatment and the right to die with dignity. The process of the DNR decision should be documented and the antecedents of DNR also can be a basis for objective standards of DNR decision-making. The result of DNR was the acceptance of death by patients and families.

Conclusion

DNR is decided and documented by the antecedents of DNR, and the result is a natural acceptance of death, the last process of human life. Hospice care should be activated and nurses must be patient's advocates and families' supporters in the process.

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The Effects of a Rehabilitation Program on Physical Health, Physiological Indicator and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Mastectomy Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Gyoo Yeong Cho, Kyung Yeon Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(2):310-320. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.2.310

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a rehabilitation program on physical health, physiological indicators and quality of life in breast cancer mastectomy patients.

Methods

The subjects included thirty-one patients with breast cancer (17 in the experimental group and 14 in the control group). The subjects in the experimental group participated in a rehabilitation program for 10 weeks, which was composed of an exercise program, teaching, counseling and support for 2 sessions per week.

Results

There was a significant increase in flexion, internal rotation and external rotation but no significant increase in extension in the experimental group compared to the control group. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and CD56 in the experimental group compared to the control group was not significantly decreased after the rehabilitation program. Compared to the control group, quality of life in the experimental group was significantly improved and fatigue in that group was significantly decreased after the rehabilitation program.

Conclusion

The 10-week rehabilitation program showed a large affirmative effect on physical health, physiological indicators and quality of life in breast cancer mastectomy patients.

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Factors Influencing the Development of Pressure Ulcers in Surgical Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Kyung Yeon Park, Sung Mi Yu; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2005;35(1):125-134. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.1.125

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on the development of pressure ulcers in patients undergoing surgery which lasted more than two hours.

Method

One hundred nineteen surgical adult patients were included in the study. Data was measured on each participant from December 2003 to February 2004. It was collected using a structured researcher-administered sheet and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.

Result

The prevalence of a perioperative pressure ulcer was 26.1%. The level of moisture, friction and shear, length of surgery, and perioperative irrigation were significantly higher in the pressure ulcer group than those in the non-pressure ulcer group. The level of activity and level of consciousness were significantly lower in the pressure ulcer group than those in the non-pressure ulcer group. Significant influencing factors on the development of pressure ulcer were ‘ moisture’ and 'irrigation' and those variables explained 23.1% of varience in the development of a pressure ulcer during surgery.

Conclusion

It is necessary to develop a strategy to prevent pressure ulcer by taking ‘ moisture' and 'irrigation' into account during the preoperative, perioperative and postoperative period.

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The Effect of Problem Solving Group Counseling on the Index of Obesity and Health Habits of Obese Children: Mee Young Cho, Hae Jung Lee, Hwa Ja Lee, Hyoung Sook Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(7):1224-1233. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.7.1224

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to investigate the effects of problem solving group counseling on the index of obesity and health habits for obese children.

Method

Forty seven obese children participated in the study(Exp.=22, Cont.=25). Children were recruited from the forth and fifth grade withhigher than 20% of the obesity degree. The problem solving counseling lasted for 10 weeks. In order to evaluate the effects of counseling, physical characteristics and health habits were measured three times; pretest, posttest, and at 10 weeks follow-up. The obtained data was analyzed by χ²-squared-test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA, using the SPSS WIN 10.0program.

Result

Problem solving group counseling was effective on the physical characteristics(BMI, obesity degree, body fat ratio, waist measurement) and health habits over time. Children in the experimental group controlled their body weight better and reported lower scores in the index of obesity than children in the control group at 10 weeks follow-up.

Conclusion

This counseling program helped obese children modify their health habits so that they could decrease their scores in the obesity index. It can be concluded that problem-solving counseling enhanced problem-solving abilities of obese children, which could help modify their ordinary health habits.

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Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2013; 27(2): 313. CrossRef

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Effects of Foot Reflexology on Essential Hypertension Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Gyoo Yeong Cho; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2004;34(5):739-750. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.5.739

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on blood pressure, serum lipids level and life satisfaction in essential hypertension patients.

Method

The research design used was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Foot Reflexology was used as the experimental treatment from June 23rd, 2003 until August 31st, 2003. Thirty-four subjects were assigned to an experimental group(18) and control group(16). Foot Reflexology was administered twice a week for 6 weeks and self foot Reflexology was administered twice a week for 4 weeks on the experimental group.

Result

There was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure but no significant decrease indiastolic pressure in the experimental group compared to the control group. The total cholesterol level in the experimental group compared to the control group was not significantly decreased after foot reflexology. However, the triglyceride level in theexperimental group compared to the control group was significantly decreased after foot reflexology. On the other hand, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein levels in the experimental group compared to the control group was not significantly decreased after foot reflexology. Life satisfaction in the experimental group compared to the control group was significantly improved after foot reflexology.

Conclusion

The results proved that foot reflexology was an effective nursing intervention to decrease systolic pressure, and triglyceride but not for the blood cholesterol and to improve life satisfaction. Therefore, blood cholesterol should be further evaluated in a larger group of subjects and for a longer period. Further research is regarded as necessary to evaluate and to compareeffects of self-foot reflexology and foot reflexology.

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Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation.2017; 4(1): 4. CrossRef
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Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation on Blood Sugar and Antioxidative Status in Types II Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Yun Mi Lee; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2003;33(2):170-178. Published online March 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.2.170

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to determine the effect of oral vitamin C supplements on blood sugar and antioxidative status in Types II diabetes mellitus patients.

Method

Data for the study were collected from June 24 to August 31, 2001. Participants(31) took 1g/day vitamin C for 4 weeks, after a 1 - week taking no Vitamin C, followed by Vitamin C 3g/day for 4 weeks. A baseline blood sample was obtained following a 12hour overnight fast and at the end of each 4week Vitamin C administration. Blood samples were taken for plasma vitamin C concentration, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, superoxide scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. The data were analyzed by SPSS for repeated measures ANOVA.

Result

Plasma vitamin C concentration was significantly increased over dose(F=3.316, p=.043). Fasting blood sugar and HbA1c was significantly decreased over dose(F=13.192, p=.000; F=11.995, p=.000). Superoxide scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity was significantly increased over dose(F=486.138, p=.000; F=177.704, p= .000).

Conclusion

The results suggest that megadose vitamin C supplementation may have a beneficial effect in diabetes mellitus patients on both glycemic control and antioxidant status. Thus dietary measures to increase plasma vitamin C may be an important health strategy for reducing the compliance of diabetic patients.

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Concept Analysis of Preparatory Grief in Terminal Cancer Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Myoung Soo Kim, Jung Sim Jung, Nam Yeoun Choi, Sung Mi Yu, Young Soon Kim, Young Hee Ko; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(5):782-791. Published online August 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.5.782

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to conceptualize and clarify a concept of “preparatory grief” in terminal cancer patients.

Method

A hybrid model of concept development was applied to develop a concept of preparatory grief, which included a field study carried out in Busan, Korea. Participants of this study were 8 cancer patients.

Result

On the basis of our literature, research and clinical experience, the concept of preparatory grief emerged as a complex phenomenon playing an important role in five areas; physical, emotional, interpersonal, religious, and transcendental dimensions. Two new attributes were defined through a field phase; trust of the post-mortal world and a serene state of mind. Indicators reflected attitudes of sadness, worry, regret, capability to adapt and hope. The results of preparatory grief were loss of energy and interest, emotional chaos, contemplation, taciturnity and restoration.

Conclusions

Differentiating among preparatory grief and other symptoms in cancer patients is essential because of therapeutic implications. Understanding preparatory grief is necessary in order to manage cancer patients for promoting quality of life so that its application may have a positive impact on the patient's life.

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A Study on Family Members’ Experiences of Loss Before the Death of a Terminal Cancer Patient*
Won Kyung CHANG, Kyongjin AHN
Korean Journal of Medical Ethics.2021; 24(2): 171. CrossRef
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Steven L. Baumann, Ok Ja Lee, Sook-Bin Im
Nursing Science Quarterly.2013; 26(3): 274. CrossRef

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A Concept Analysis of Assertiveness: Hyoung Sook Park, Young Ok Yang; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(3):468-474. Published online June 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.3.468

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept, assertiveness.
Method
This study used Walker and Avant's process of concept analysis.
Results
1. Attributes of assertiveness were defined as 1) Self-esteem 2) Comprehension to others 3) Clarification of the subject 4) Verbal communication 5) Non-verbal communication 2. The antecedents of assertiveness consist of these facts 1) The occurrence of a conflict situation 2) The occurrence of will to stick to one's opinions 3. There are consequences occuring as a result of assertiveness 1) Positive self-confidence 2) Increased comprehension or consideration to others 3) Expand of mutual respect 4) Maintenance of continuously cooperative relationship with each other 5) Output of acceptable results to each other.
Conclusion
Assertiveness is a core human behavior and is key to interpersonal relationships. Using the components of the concept of assertiveness, many conflicts in a nursing situation can be effectively prevented.

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A Study on Health Perception and Health Promoting Behavior in Chronic Back Pain Patients: Hyoung Sook Park, Young Sook Kang, Kyung Yeon Park; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(3):439-448. Published online June 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.3.439

Abstract PDF

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to show a relationship between health perception and health promoting behaviors in chronic low back pain patients.

Method

The subjects for this study were 213 persons who the visited hospital with low back pain-related problems.

Results

The higher the levelof the health perception in chronic back pain patients was the higher the rate of the practice of health promoting behaviors (r=0.393, p<.001). The health perception T score was 50.00±10.00. As for health promoting behaviors, the T score was 49.99±10.00. The subscale of the highest mean score was interpersonal support (2.96±0.64) and the subscale of the lowest mean score was exercise (2.13±0.99).

Conclusion

This study showed that chronic low back pain patients had a lower level of perception of their health, and their practice to improve their health was not enough. Therefore, nurses should educate and encourage chronic low back pain patients in proper exercises and correct posture to strengthen and maintain lumbar extension muscle power.

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Suin Lee, Eun-Ju Lee
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(3): 248. CrossRef
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Relationships among Self Efficacy, Social Support, and Health Promoting Behaviors in Correctional Officers
Yeongmi Ha, Hyunkyung Choi
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Effects of a Strengthening Program for Lower Back in Older Women with Chronic Low Back Pain
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Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(6): 902. CrossRef

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The Effects of Deep Breathing Methods on Pulmonary Ventilatory Function of Pneumothorax Patients undergoing a Thoracotomy: Hyoung Sook Park, Wha Ja Lee, Young Soon Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2006;36(1):55-63. Published online February 28, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2006.36.1.55

Abstract PDF

Purpose

This study was to examine the effects of deep breathing exercises with Incentive Spirometer on the pulmonary ventilatory function of pnemothorax patients undergoing a thoracotomy.

Method

This experiment used anonequivalent control group non-synchronized design which compared pre-experimental measures with post-experimental ones. The subjects of this study were 34 inpatients who were scheduled for a thoracotomy and classified into the experimental group (17 patients) or control group (17 patients) by using an Incentive Spirometer or not. The collected data was analyzed by a SPSS Win / PC (percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, t-test, repeated measured two-way ANOVA).

Result

The Pulmonary Ventilatory Function of the experimental and control group were significantly increased on the first day, third day, and fifth day after the thoracotomy, but the group interaction period was not significant.

Conclusion

This study showed that the deep breathing exercises with an Incentive Spirometer and deep breathing exercise without an Incentive Spirometer were both effective for recovering the pulmonary ventilatory function after a thoracotomy.

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